KR100431279B1 - Near Infra Red Ray Electric Heat And Making Method Thereof, Heating Apparatus Using The Same - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention relates to a near-infrared heater, a method of manufacturing the same, and a hot air balloon using the same, and more particularly, to a near-infrared heater and a hot-air balloon using the same, which generate heat and have near-infrared rays to improve the heat absorption rate of the heat absorber.

The near-infrared heater according to the present invention comprises a near-infrared radiator which is heated to radiate near-infrared; A heating element applied to a surface of the near infrared radiator to generate resistance heat; Electrode layers formed at both ends of the heating element to supply power; In order to protect the heating element is made of a protective layer applied to the surface of the heating element.

Description

Near Infra Red Heater and Manufacturing Method Thereof, Near Infra Red Ray Electric Heat And Making Method Thereof, Heating Apparatus Using The Same}

The present invention relates to a near-infrared heater, a method of manufacturing the same, and a hot air balloon using the same. It is about.

In general, a heater that generates heat includes an electric heater using electric energy and an oil heater using oil as an energy source.

Oil heaters that use oil as energy tend to be less frequently used for small heating heat sources due to pollution of the surrounding air, fire hazards, and inconvenience of management due to oil supply.

Electric heaters using electric energy have been used as a means of heating indoors because of the convenience of handling and relatively low risk of fire.

There are several types of conventional electric heaters having the characteristics as described above, and one of them is a coil heater 10 embedded in a quartz tube 14 made of a transparent heat-resistant material, as shown in FIG. Fixing caps 12a and 12b for fixing the quartz tube 14 to a housing while fixing lead wires 10a and 10b at both ends of the coil heater 10 are mounted at both ends of the coil heater 10. It is a heater that supplies power to 10a and 10b and generates resistance heat in the coil heater 10.

In the quartz tube type electric heater as described above, since the coil heater 10 is made of a nichrome wire coil and is embedded in the quartz tube 14 made of a transparent material, part of the heat generated from the coil heater is radiated and transmitted through far infrared rays, Some transfer heat by convection of the surrounding air.

In the second case, as shown in FIG. 2, in order to insert the coil heater 20 into the ceramic tube 24 made of an opaque heat-resistant material and to fix the coil heater 20 in the ceramic tube 24, The filler 25 made of magnesia as an insulator is filled, and fixing caps 22a and 22b are fixed to both ends of the ceramic tube 24, and the lead wires 10a and 20b of the coil heater 20 are centered at the center thereof. It is a heater which draws out and applies power.

In the ceramic tubular heater as described above, the coil heater 20 is made of a nichrome wire coil, and the heat transfer method is performed through the convective transfer of radiation and ambient air through far infrared rays as in the quartz tube type.

Finally, a heat wire 30 made of tungsten is embedded in the ceramic plate 32 as shown in FIG. 3, and power is applied to the lead wires 30a and 30b of the heat wire 30 to generate heat. In the same manner as in the case described above, heat transfer is performed through the transfer of radiation by far infrared rays and the convection of ambient air.

As described above, most of heat generated from a conventional heater converting electrical energy into resistance heat through a heating wire is transmitted by convection of ambient air, and some of them are radiated and transferred to far infrared rays. Therefore, there is a problem of low energy efficiency.

In addition, the conventional electric heater as described above had a problem in that it takes time for the heating wire and the ceramic to be heated to reach a sufficient high temperature state.

Accordingly, the present invention has been made in view of the problems of the prior art, and its object is to provide a very short preheating time, excellent heat generating efficiency and excellent transfer efficiency, preventing oxidation of the heat generator, and generating near infrared rays to generate heat. The present invention provides a near-infrared heater having a high absorptivity and an extended heat transfer distance by radiating heat, and a method of manufacturing the same. In addition, the present invention is to provide an electric heater, a heat exchanger, a boiler and an electric furnace having high heat efficiency by using a heater having excellent heat generation efficiency and transfer efficiency.

1 is a perspective view for explaining a conventional heater structure.

Figure 2 is a perspective view for explaining another conventional heater structure.

Figure 3 is a perspective view for explaining another conventional heater structure.

Figure 4 is an exploded perspective view for explaining the structure of the first heater according to the present invention.

5 is a partial cross-sectional view for explaining the structure of the first heater according to the present invention.

6 is a perspective view for explaining the structure of an electric heater using a first heater according to the present invention.

7 is a cross-sectional view illustrating a structure of a second heater according to the present invention.

8 is a configuration diagram for explaining a heating system using a second heater according to the present invention.

9 is a perspective view for explaining the structure of a third heater according to the present invention;

10 is a front view for explaining the structure of the third heater according to the present invention.

Explanation of symbols on the main parts of the drawings

40: first heater 42: ceramic tube

43: first heating element 44: first electrode layer

45: first protective layer 46a, 46b: electrode tube

47a, 47b: fixed cap

In order to achieve the above object, the present invention is a near-infrared radiator that is heated to radiate near infrared; A heating element applied to a surface of the near infrared radiator to generate resistance heat; Electrode layers formed at both ends of the heating element to supply power; It provides a near-infrared heater comprising a protective layer applied to the surface of the heating element to protect the heating element.

The near-infrared emitter is a ceramic material that emits near-infrared rays by receiving heat with silica and alumina as its main components, and is formed in the form of a tube or a plate, and the heating element includes sodium, magnesium, aluminum, calcium, iron, zinc, and manganese. The electrode layer is composed of tungsten, tin and copper.

In addition, the present invention comprises the steps of forming a ceramic tube by molding and heat-treating the ceramic powder that emits near infrared rays in response to heat in the form of a tube or plate; Coating and heat-treating a conductive material on the surface of the ceramic tube to form a heating element; Forming a protective layer by coating and heat-treating a portion other than both ends of the heating element to prevent oxidation of the heating element, shielding electromagnetic waves, and electrostatic cell; In addition to providing a near-infrared heater manufacturing method comprising the step of forming an electrode layer for applying power to both ends of the heating element, in the step of forming the heating element and the protective layer according to the thermal expansion shrinkage of the heating element and the protective layer In order to prevent a crack, it forms by adding the chromium bonding agent comprised including Na, K, Cr, Ca, Se, Mg, Ni.

The present invention is a near-infrared radiator that is heated to radiate near infrared rays, a heating element that is applied to the surface of the near-infrared radiator to generate resistance heat, an electrode layer formed on both ends of the heating element to supply power, and a heating element to protect the heating element At least one heater that generates heat by being supplied with electricity to a protective layer applied to a surface of the; It is provided on the rear of the heater provides an electric heating apparatus using a near infrared heater, characterized in that it comprises a reflector reflecting the near infrared to the front.

The present invention is made of a ceramic material in the form of a tube, and when heated to transmit heat to the heat exchange medium that radiates and passes near infrared rays, a heating element that is applied to the surface of the tube to generate resistance heat, and both ends of the heating element A plurality of heaters which are formed to be provided with an electrode layer for supplying power, and a protective layer applied to a surface of the heating element in order to protect the heating element, and generate electricity by receiving electricity; Comprising a connection tube for connecting the plurality of heaters to each other, provides a heat exchanger using a near infrared heater, characterized in that for heating the heat exchange medium, the connection tube is made of a ceramic material.

The present invention is made of a ceramic material in the form of a tube or plate, and when heated, radiates near infrared rays and transmits heat to a heat exchange medium, a heating element applied to the surface of the tube to generate resistance heat, and the heating element Electrode layer formed at both ends of the power supply and the protective layer is applied to the surface of the heating element to protect the heating element is connected to connect the plurality of heaters and the plurality of heaters that generate heat by receiving electricity Tube heat exchangers; A first temperature sensor installed at a position at which the heat exchange medium is discharged from the heat exchanger and sensing a temperature; A heating pipe receiving and radiating heat from a heat exchange medium heated by the heat exchanger; A second temperature sensor for measuring a temperature of a heat exchange medium discharged from said heating pipe; A pump connected between an outlet of the heating pipe and an inlet of the heat exchanger to circulate the heat exchange medium; A room controller including a third temperature sensor for measuring a temperature at a location where the heating pipe is installed, a setting unit for setting a heating temperature or a heating time, and a display for displaying a current temperature; When the heating temperature is set by the room controller, the current temperature is measured using the third temperature sensor, and when the current temperature is lower than the set temperature, power is supplied to the pump and the heat exchanger to heat the medium. While heating and circulating, the temperature of the outlet of the heat exchanger is monitored through the first sensor, and when the temperature is higher than a preset reference temperature, it is determined to be in an overheat state, and the power supplied to the heat exchanger is cut off, and the second temperature sensor is heated. Measuring the temperature of the heat exchange medium discharged from the pipe, by measuring the current temperature through the third temperature sensor to calculate the additional amount of heat required to reach the set temperature set by the setting unit is supplied to the heat exchanger To adjust the application time of the controller Provides a boiler with a near infrared heater, it characterized in that the box.

The present invention comprises a near-infrared radiator made of a plate shape as a ceramic material and emitting near infrared rays when heated; A heating element applied to a surface of the near infrared radiator to generate resistance heat; Electrode layers formed at both ends of the heating element to supply power; It provides a near-infrared radiation heater, characterized in that it comprises a protective layer applied to the surface of the heating element other than the electrode layer to protect the heating element, the hollow portion is formed in the near infrared radiator and the heating element to increase the heat radiation efficiency.

The present invention comprises a near-infrared radiator made of a plate shape as a ceramic material and heated to emit near-infrared rays, a heating element applied to a surface of the near-infrared radiator to generate resistance heat, and an electrode layer formed at both ends of the heating element to supply power; A near-infrared radiation heater comprising a protective layer applied to a surface of the heating element except for the electrode layer to protect the heating element; It is made of a material having low heat resistance and thermal conductivity, to provide an electric furnace using a near infrared radiation heater, characterized in that it comprises a chamber to which the near infrared radiation heater is attached.

The present invention as described above has the advantages of easy use, comfortable environment, energy saving, etc. by configuring an electric heater, a heat exchanger, an electric furnace and the like by using a ceramic heater radiating near infrared rays.

(Example)

Hereinafter, with reference to the accompanying drawings showing a preferred embodiment of the present invention described above in more detail.

4 is an exploded perspective view for explaining the structure of the first heater according to the present invention, FIG. 5 is a partial cross-sectional view for explaining the structure of the first heater according to the present invention, and FIG. 1 is a perspective view for explaining the structure of the electric heater using a heater, Figure 7 is a cross-sectional view for explaining the structure of the second heater according to the present invention, Figure 8 is a view for explaining a heating system using a second heater according to the present invention. 9 is a perspective view for explaining the structure of the third heater according to the present invention, Figure 10 is a front view for explaining the structure of the third heater according to the present invention.

As shown in FIGS. 4 and 5, the structure of the first heater 40 according to the present invention is formed in the form of a tube or a plate as a ceramic material and resists the outer circumferential surface of the ceramic tube 42 that absorbs heat to radiate near infrared rays. The heating element 43 that generates heat is coated.

In addition, in order to protect the heating element 43 against oxidation and external impact, the protective layer 45 is coated on the remaining portions except for both ends of the heating element 43.

Both ends of the heating element 43 are coated with a metalizing technique of metal mixed with tungsten, tin, and copper in order to secure durability against thermal expansion and excellent conductivity for applying power.

The ceramic tube 42 is alumina (Al ₂ O ₃ ): 81.9% by weight, silica (SiO ₂ ): 8.1% by weight, carbon (C): 3.8% by weight, magnesium oxide (MgO): 1.25% by weight, other inorganic It is a ceramic material containing a material, which is processed in the form of a tube or a plate and then calcined and molded.

At this time, the length and diameter of the ceramic tube 42 is determined according to the calorific value of the first heater 40 and the intended use. For example, if the amount of heat generated should be large, the heat generation area should be large, so the diameter and length should be large.When used as a heat exchange means, as described below, the heat transfer time should be long, so the length needs to be formed longer. have.

The heating element 43 coated on the outer circumferential surface of the ceramic tube 42 to generate heat is coated as follows. That is, a solution in which about 3.8% by weight of the conductive material including sodium, magnesium, aluminum, calcium, iron, zinc, and manganese and a mixture of graphite phosphate (carbon) and chromium coating solution are combined and diluted is added to the outer peripheral surface of the ceramic tube 42. After spray coating treatment at a thickness of ˜4 w / cm ^{2, the} resultant is placed in a drying furnace maintaining a temperature of 1100 ° C. and dried for at least 4 hours.

In addition, in order to prevent oxidation, electromagnetic wave shielding, and static electricity on the surface of the heating element 43 coated on the outer circumferential surface of the ceramic tube 42, a chromium coating liquid including alumina: 3.25 wt% and silver (Ag): 0.75 wt% Was spray coated to a thickness of 2.8 w / cm ² and calcined for at least 15 hours in a drying furnace maintaining a temperature of 1280 ° C.

The electrode layer 44 has a length of about 11 mm and is formed to a thickness of 4.5 w / cm ² by a metallizing method of a conductive material including tungsten, tin, and copper.

When the above process is completed, the heat treatment for 6 hours or more in a drying furnace maintaining a temperature of 1000 ℃.

As shown in FIG. 5, the first heater 40 manufactured through the above process is coated with a heating element 43, which is a resistor, on the tubular ceramic tube 42, and a protective layer ( 45), both ends thereof have a structure in which an electrode layer 44 is coated.

In addition, since the thermal expansion coefficients of the ceramic tube 42, the heating element 43, the protective layer 45, and the like are different from each other, there is a fear that the ceramic tube 42, the heating element 43, and the like are cracked due to shrinkage expansion.

In order to prevent this, in the present invention, the composition of the heating element 43 and the protective layer 45 is processed into a fine powder, and in particular, the fine powder inorganic when spray coating the heating element 43 and the protective layer 45. As a material, it is coated with a powder bonding agent, ie, a chromium coating liquid (Na, K, Cr, Ca, Se, Mg, Ni), which has a micron particle of 0.05 and has a strong cohesion even at high temperature thermal expansion and a strong point cohesion between particles. .

The first heater 40 according to the present invention made as described above can be configured as shown in FIG.

In order to configure the electric heater, as shown in FIG. 4, electrode tubes 46a and 46b are inserted into electrode layers 44 formed at both ends of the first heater 40, and the electrode tubes 46a and 46b are inserted into the electrode heater. Connect the power supply line.

In addition, the fixing caps 47a and 47b are mounted on the electrode tubes 46a and 46b, which are made of an electrically insulating material, and the fixing caps 47a and 47b attach the heater 40 to the housing 50 of the electric heater. It is to fix it.

To this end, fixing pins 47c are formed at the fixing caps 47a and 47b to be coupled to the fixing holes formed in the housing 50.

The first heater 40 may be installed in one or two or more depending on the capacity of the electric heater, the rear of the first heater 40 in front of the near-infrared radiation emitted from the first heater 40 to the front A reflecting mirror 52 for reflecting is provided. In addition, an inlet 53 through which ambient air is introduced is formed at the lower end of the housing 50, and an outlet 54 through which the heated air is discharged through the inlet 53 is discharged. A fan (not shown in the figure) is provided to allow air to flow through the 53 and the outlet port 54.

Since the first heater 40 is made of an alumina-based inorganic material, it is also resistant to thermal shock, has a very light weight, excellent thermal conductivity, and can handle cycling very quickly, and the heating element 43 And the ceramic tube 42 and the protective layer 45 are integrated in the form of a tube, which can be heated up to 400 ° C. to 800 ° C., and because the thermal conductivity is good, the time for reaching or heating the heated object to the required temperature is long. It is much faster than the heater and has high insulation effect, so there is less heat loss during heating, and the heat transfer efficiency is good, so the power consumption is relatively low, so electric heater, warm air heater, dryer for agriculture / fishing, railway car passenger car heater, It can be applied to medical devices, home / agriculture / industrial radiators, drying furnaces, and the like.

In addition, the radiation wavelength is 0.8-1.4 μm, the short wavelength, the exothermic temperature is about 400 ° C. to 800 ° C., no preheating is required, and heat is transferred instantaneously (within 1 minute at the maximum temperature reaching time), resulting in maximum thermal efficiency of 95 to 98%. As it does not heat the air in a convection method as in the prior art, ventilation or humidifier is unnecessary, and it is environmentally friendly (odorless / lead-free / headless).

Low heat loss and fast thermal conductivity, low power consumption, high energy efficiency and near-infrared radiant heat, so no heat is blown even by wind. In particular, since it is a semi-permanent because it does not oxidize as a high temperature heating element, it is very suitable for an electric furnace or an incinerator. In addition, it radiates into the short wavelength of infrared rays and penetrates deeply into the body or a heated object, so heat absorption is very fast.

The first heater 40 has instantaneous heating capability due to the high heat transfer effect using radiant heat and generates heat of very high temperature because the low cost, high economy, high thermal efficiency and no heat absorbed into the air, and the radiation rate is particularly high. High power saving effect, greatly shorten the heating / drying time.

These characteristics are summarized in Table 1-Table 3 compared with the conventional quartz tube coil heater and ceramic coil heater.

Temperature characteristics of the first heater 40 having a diameter of 12 mm of the ceramic tube 42 Exothermic temperature (℃) 100 200 300 400 500 600 700 750 790 795 Reach time (seconds) 5 8 13 20 25 29 34 42 60 75

(However, voltage (218.5V), current (1.73A), power amount (378.0W), surface temperature (795 ° C), temperature of 23 cm point (51 to 55 ° C))

Performance comparison between the first heater (diameter: 12 mm, length of the heating part: 220 mm) and the conventional quartz tube coil heater (diameter: 12 mm, length: 240 mm) Exothermic temperature (℃) Reach time (seconds) First heater Quartz Tube Coil Heaters 200 24 35 250 30 44 300 38 53 350 47 66 400 58 75 450 78 90 465 100 150 480 125

(1st heater: voltage (219.0V), electric current (1.6A), electric power (350.4W), surface temperature (480 degreeC), 23 cm spot temperature (52-55 degreeC);

Quartz tube coil heater: Voltage (219V), Current (1.9A), Power amount (416.1W), Surface temperature (465 ℃), 23cm spot temperature (48-50 ℃)

Performance between the first heater (diameter: 16 mm, the length of the heating part: 450 mm), the first ceramic coil heater (diameter: 17 mm, the length of the heating part: 420 mm), the second ceramic coil heater (diameter: 17 mm, the length of the heating part: 450 mm) compare Exothermic temperature (℃) Reach time (seconds) First heater 1st ceramic coil heater 2nd ceramic coil heater 100 9 58 60 150 18 80 80 200 27 105 105 250 43 134 132 300 60 175 161 350 90 254 204 370 110 380 230 400 188 258

(1st heater: voltage (217.0V), electric current (2.17A), electric power (470.89W), surface temperature (400 degreeC), 23 cm spot temperature (46 degreeC);

First ceramic coil heater: voltage (218.0 V), current (1.76 A), power amount (383.68 W), surface temperature (370 ° C.), 23 cm spot temperature (44 ° C.);

Second ceramic coil heater: voltage (219.0V), current (3.206A), power amount (700.80W), surface temperature (400 ℃), 23cm spot temperature (47 ℃)

In addition, since the shape of the heating element 43 is not a conventional coil structure and is protected from the external environment by the protective layer 45, there is no breakage phenomenon due to oxidation, and there is no problem of short circuit due to aging, and thus has a semi-permanent lifespan. In addition, the thermal process of the industry is dramatically faster, much more effective, and cost effective and energy-saving due to the improvement of quality, breakthrough productivity and efficiency, and the need for air conditioning facilities such as industry and buildings is unnecessary. It has an industrial ripple effect.

In the above description, only the electric heater using the first heater 40 has been described. However, the use thereof may be extended to a heater, a dryer, a heat treatment device, a rail car heating device, a cooker, and the like.

On the other hand, the present invention provides a second heater 40a having a different structure from the first heater 40 and used as a heat exchanger.

As shown in FIG. 7, the second heater 40a has an insulating layer 41 made of an electrically insulating material on the outer circumferential surface of the tube 42a made of copper (Cu) or nickel (Ni), which is excellent in thermal conductivity and corrosion resistance. Coating.

Then, the second heating element 43a having the same characteristics as the heating element 43 of the first heater 40 is coated on the insulating layer 41, and a portion except for both ends of the second heating element 43a is coated. The second protective layer 45a having the same characteristics as the protective layer 45 of the first heater 40 is coated, and both ends of the second heating element 43a have the same characteristics as the first electrode layer 44. The second electrode layer 44a having a coating is coated.

The second heater 40a configured as described above may be used as a heat source of a heat exchanger, for example, a boiler.

As illustrated in FIG. 8, the heat exchanger 60 using the second heater 40a arranges a plurality of second heaters 40a according to the heat capacity of the boiler, and connects the second heaters 40a to each other. After connecting to 61, a power supply line 71 is connected to the plurality of second heaters 40a.

Here, since the tube 42a and the connection tube 61 of the second heater 40a used in the heat exchanger 60 are made of a metal material such as copper, scale may be deposited or corroded therein.

Therefore, in the case of using a heat exchange medium having a risk of corrosion and deposition of scale depending on the type of medium used as the heat exchange medium in the heat exchanger 60, corrosion scale deposition does not occur in the case of ceramic materials. Using the first heater 40, the 'U'-shaped connecting tube 61 is also made of a ceramic material.

Alternatively, when the tube 42a is made of metal as in the case of the second heater 40a, a ceramic material may be coated on the surface thereof.

The heat exchanger 60 according to the present invention arranges a plurality of second heaters 40a vertically in order to efficiently design a space, and connects each of the second heaters 40a with a 'U'-shaped connecting pipe 61. Was used.

In addition, the plurality of second heaters 40a are equipped with a heat insulating material 40b made of a material having excellent heat insulating property, and fixed to the casing 60a with a fixing ring 60b.

With the above configuration, a path through which water (heat exchange medium) heated by the plurality of second heaters 40a and the connection pipe 61 passes is formed, and water is passed through the tube 42a of the second heater 40a. Heat exchange is made while passing inside.

The heating system may be configured as shown in FIG. 8 using the heat exchanger 60 formed as described above.

The heat exchanger 60 and the heating pipe 68 installed in the room 66 requiring heating are connected to each other using the supply pipe 62 and the recovery pipe 65, and are connected to the lower end of the heat exchanger 60, that is, the inlet side. A pump 67 for circulating heating water is connected, and a first temperature sensor 73 is installed at an outlet of the heat exchanger 60 to monitor whether the heat exchanger 60 is overheated, and a heating pipe 68 The second temperature sensor 74 for measuring the temperature of the heating water coming from the) is connected to the outlet of the heating pipe.

At this time, the supply pipe 62 is connected to the replenishment water tank 63 for replenishing the shortage of heating water, and after connecting the distributor 64 to heat the plurality of rooms, each room in the plurality of distribution ports. Connect the heating pipe 68 installed in the.

Then, in the room 66 where the room controller 72 is installed, the third temperature sensor 69 for measuring the temperature of the room 66, the setting unit 69 for setting the heating temperature or the heating time, and the current temperature are displayed. The main controller is provided with a room controller 72 including a display 69 and the like.

The second heater 40a through the pump 67 and the power supply line 71 using information input through the first temperature sensor 73, the second temperature sensor 74, and the room controller 72. The control unit 70 for controlling the power supply unit 76 for supplying power supplied to the unit operates as follows.

When the heating temperature is set by the room controller 72 by the user, the control unit 70 measures the current temperature of the room 66 through the third temperature sensor 69 to determine whether the heating is performed.

When the current temperature is lower than the set temperature, the driving power is applied to the pump 67 by controlling the power supply unit 76 for heating, and at the same time, the plurality of second heaters 40 are supplied through the power inlet line 75. Apply power.

Of course, power is also applied in the same manner as for heating made for a time set using the room controller 72.

At this time, the control unit 70 monitors the temperature of the outlet of the heat exchanger 60 through the first sensor 73, and if the temperature is higher than the preset reference temperature, the control unit 70 enters the overheated state of the second heater 40a. By judging, the power supply unit 76 is controlled to cut off the power supplied to the second heater 40a while continuing to operate the pump 67.

Then, the temperature of the heating water discharged from the heating pipe 68 is measured through the second temperature sensor 74, and the heating temperature is compared with the data input through the third temperature sensor 69 to reach the set temperature. In order to calculate the amount of additional heat required to adjust the application time of the power supplied to the second heater (40a) to maximize the energy use efficiency.

In the above description, only the heating system using the heat exchanger 60 has been described, but the heat exchanger 60 may be used as a water heater.

The present invention provides a third heater for use as a heat source, such as an electric furnace, the structure is shown in Figures 9 and 10, the near-infrared radiator 81 of the rectangular parallelepiped using a ceramic material that radiates near infrared rays when subjected to heat. ).

At this time, the near-infrared radiator 81 is formed with a plurality of hollow portion 85 penetrating up and down in order to increase the heat radiation efficiency.

In addition, the third heating element 82 having the same characteristics as the heating elements 43 and 43a coated on the first heater 40 and the second heater 40a is coated on the surface of the near-infrared radiator 81, and the The third electrode layer 84 for supplying power to the third heating element 82 is coated at both ends.

In order to prevent corrosion of the third heating element 82, the portion of the third protective layer 83 having the same characteristics as the first and second protective layers 45 and 45a except for the third electrode layer 84 is excluded. Coating on.

By using the third heater 80 made as described above it is possible to manufacture an electric furnace that can be used for heat treatment applications such as sintering, for this purpose, the inner surface of the chamber (not shown in the figure) made of a material having excellent heat resistance and thermal insulation A plurality of third heaters 80 are attached to each other, and a voltage and a current supplied are controlled by using a controller for temperature control.

As described above, the electric furnace according to the present invention using the third heater 80 solves the problem that the existing electric furnace is composed of a coil heater, and thus its life is short and relatively low temperature due to the oxidation action.

According to the present invention made as described above by using a ceramic heater radiating near infrared rays in the form of a tube as a heat source, heat transfer efficiency is very high due to radiation transmission by near infrared rays. Therefore, the application of this in applications such as an electric heater or an electric furnace of a boiler and a high temperature heating element provides an effect of saving energy with fast temperature reaching.

In the above, the present invention has been illustrated and described with reference to specific preferred embodiments, but the present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiments and the general knowledge in the technical field to which the present invention pertains without departing from the spirit of the present invention. Various changes and modifications will be made by those who possess.

Claims (15)

A near infrared radiator that is heated to radiate near infrared rays; A heating element applied to a surface of the near infrared radiator to generate resistance heat; Electrode layers formed at both ends of the heating element to supply power; Near-infrared heater comprising a protective layer applied to the surface of the heating element to protect the heating element. The near-infrared heater according to claim 1, wherein the near-infrared radiator is made of a ceramic material which emits near infrared rays by receiving heat with silica and alumina as main components. The near-infrared heater according to claim 1, wherein the near-infrared radiator has any one of a tube shape and a plate shape. The near-infrared heater of claim 1, wherein the heating element comprises sodium, magnesium, aluminum, calcium, iron, zinc, and manganese. The near-infrared heater of claim 1, wherein the electrode layer is formed of tungsten, tin, and copper. Forming a ceramic tube by molding and heat-treating the ceramic powder which emits heat and radiates near infrared rays into one of a tubular shape and a plate shape; Coating and heat-treating a conductive material on the surface of the ceramic tube to form a heating element; Forming a protective layer by coating and heat-treating a portion other than both ends of the heating element to prevent oxidation of the heating element, shielding electromagnetic waves, and static electricity; And forming electrode layers for applying power to both ends of the heating element. The method of claim 6, wherein in order to prevent cracking due to other thermal expansion and contraction of the heating element and the protective layer in the step of forming the heating element and the protective layer, a composition including Na, K, Cr, Ca, Se, Mg, Ni The near-infrared heater manufacturing method characterized by adding and forming a chromium bonding agent. A near-infrared radiator that is heated to radiate near infrared rays, a heating element that is applied to a surface of the near-infrared radiator to generate resistance heat, an electrode layer formed at both ends of the heating element to supply power, and a surface of the heating element to protect the heating element At least one heater which generates heat by being supplied with a protective layer to be applied; An electric heating apparatus using a near infrared heater, characterized in that it comprises a reflector installed on the rear of the heater to reflect the near infrared to the front. A tube for transferring heat to the heat exchange medium passing through, a heating element applied to the surface of the tube to generate resistance heat, an electrode layer formed at both ends of the heating element to supply power, and a heating element to protect the heating element. A plurality of heaters that generate heat by being supplied with a protective layer applied to a surface thereof; A heat exchanger using a near-infrared heater, comprising: a plurality of heaters connected to each other to heat the heat exchange medium passing through the plurality of heaters and the connection pipes. 10. The heat exchanger of claim 9, wherein the tube is made of any one of a ceramic material and a metal material. 10. The heat exchanger of claim 9, wherein the connector is made of any one of a ceramic material and a metal material. A tube for transferring heat to the heat exchange medium passing through, a heating element applied to the surface of the tube to generate resistance heat, an electrode layer formed at both ends of the heating element to supply power, and a heating element to protect the heating element. A heat exchanger comprising a plurality of heaters that generate heat by being supplied with a protective layer applied to a surface, and a connection tube connecting the plurality of heaters to each other; A first temperature sensor installed at a position at which the heat exchange medium is discharged from the heat exchanger and sensing a temperature; A heating pipe receiving and radiating heat from a heat exchange medium heated by the heat exchanger; A second temperature sensor for measuring a temperature of a heat exchange medium discharged from said heating pipe; A pump connected between an outlet of the heating pipe and an inlet of the heat exchanger to circulate the heat exchange medium; A room controller including a third temperature sensor for measuring a temperature at a location where the heating pipe is installed, a setting unit for setting a heating temperature or a heating time, and a display for displaying a current temperature; When the heating temperature is set by the room controller, the current temperature is measured using the third temperature sensor, and when the current temperature is lower than the set temperature, power is supplied to the pump and the heat exchanger to heat the medium. While heating and circulating, the temperature of the outlet of the heat exchanger is monitored through the first sensor, and when the temperature is higher than a preset reference temperature, it is determined to be in an overheating state, and the power supplied to the heat exchanger is cut off, Measuring the temperature of the heat exchange medium discharged from the pipe, by measuring the current temperature through the third temperature sensor to calculate the additional amount of heat required to reach the set temperature set by the setting unit to supply the power to the heat exchanger A control unit is provided to adjust the application time of the battery to maximize the efficiency of energy use. Boiler using a near infrared heater, characterized in that. A near-infrared radiator made of a plate shape as a ceramic material and emitting near infrared rays when heated; A heating element applied to a surface of the near infrared radiator to generate resistance heat; Electrode layers formed at both ends of the heating element to supply power; Near-infrared radiation heater comprising a protective layer applied to the surface of the heating element other than the electrode layer in order to protect the heating element. The near-infrared radiant heater according to claim 13, wherein the near-infrared radiator and the heating element have a hollow portion penetrating therein to increase thermal radiation efficiency. A ceramic material, which is formed in a plate shape and heated, emits near-infrared radiation, a heating element applied to a surface of the near-infrared radiator to generate resistance heat, an electrode layer formed at both ends of the heating element to supply power, and the heating element A near-infrared radiation heater comprising a protective layer applied to the surface of the heating element except for the electrode layer to protect the; An electric furnace using a near-infrared radiation heater, comprising a chamber made of a material having low heat resistance and low thermal conductivity, wherein the near-infrared radiation heater is attached thereto.