KR100425530B1 - Actuator for generating flow from a surface of an object in multi-direction - Google Patents

Abstract

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to an actuator for generating a multi-directional flow on an object surface, and includes a case in which a concave cavity is formed to store fluid, and a gap between the ends by free vibrations intersecting free ends facing each other. It consists of at least two cantilever drive means provided at one end of the case to suck or discharge the cantilever drive means by moving the cantilever drive means to the outside of the cavity to jointly suck the external fluid above the cantilever drive means, and then the cantilever drive means to the inside of the cavity By repeating the operation of discharging the fluid sucked into the cavity again, the flow is generated near the upper surface of the cantilever drive means.

Description

ACTUATOR FOR GENERATING FLOW FROM A SURFACE OF AN OBJECT IN MULTI-DIRECTION}

The present invention relates to an actuator that generates multidirectional flow at the surface of an object.

The present invention provides a fluid pump for moving a fluid in a pipe in a desired direction, or a peeling control device for generating or suppressing flow separation on an object surface, a moment generator for generating a moment to rotate an object, or a rear of a vehicle. It is used for the wake flow field suppressor of a vehicle which suppresses the wake flow field.

The existing surface flow control device mainly generates the flow in one direction, and only the flow control in one direction was possible. However, in order to freely control the flow near the object surface, it is necessary to install an actuator on the object surface that can generate the flow in multiple directions.

Therefore, the present invention is to achieve the above object, if the cantilever drive means having a piezoelectric element is moved inside the case, the space blocked by the cavity wall and the cantilever drive means is reduced and the cantilever drive means moves to the outside of the cavity By using the space that is blocked by the case and the cantilever drive means, the cantilever drive means is moved out of the cavity to suck the external fluid above the cantilever drive means into the cavity, and then the cantilever drive means is moved into the cavity and sucked into the cavity. It is an object of the present invention to provide an actuator for generating flow in multiple directions near the upper surface of the cantilever drive means by repeating the operation of discharging the fluid again.

In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides an actuator for generating a flow in various directions on an object surface, by a casing in which a concave cavity is formed to store fluid, and free vibrations intersecting free ends facing each other. At least two cantilever drive means are provided at one end of the case so as to suck or discharge fluid into the gap between the ends.

The cantilever drive means according to the preferred embodiment of the present invention is formed in a plate shape and cantilever oscillation plate freely oscillating the cantilever oscillation plate and the cantilever oscillation plate, which are supported in a cantilever shape at one end of the case so as to freely vibrate. It is characterized in that it comprises a piezoelectric deformable portion which is installed in surface contact with the one end surface of the power supply portion is installed to cause mechanical deformation by applying power to the piezoelectric deformable portion.

The actuator according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention is further characterized in that the membrane deformation portion which can increase or decrease the volume of the cavity by distorting the shape of the bottom of the case in the vertical direction is additionally installed in surface contact with the bottom of the case.

The above objects and various advantages of the present invention will become more apparent from the preferred embodiments of the invention described below with reference to the accompanying drawings by those skilled in the art.

1 is a front end perspective view showing a unit actuator according to an embodiment of the present invention,

2 is a plan view of FIG. 1 in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention;

3 is a cross-sectional view taken along line AA ′ of FIG. 1 according to an embodiment of the present invention;

4 is a cross-sectional view taken along line BB ′ of FIG. 1 according to an embodiment of the present invention;

5 is a graph illustrating a voltage signal applied to a piezoelectric element of an actuator according to an embodiment of the present invention;

6a to 6l are operation diagrams sequentially showing the operating principle of the actuator to move the fluid on the actuator upper surface from left to right according to an embodiment of the present invention,

7 is a schematic cross-sectional view of installing actuators on one side of an object according to an embodiment of the present invention;

8 is a schematic cross-sectional view of actuators installed on both sides of a pipeline for transporting fluids according to an embodiment of the present invention;

9 is a schematic cross-sectional view of installing actuators on all sides of a pipeline according to an embodiment of the present invention;

10 is a schematic view of installing actuators on the surface of a wing according to an embodiment of the present invention;

11 is a schematic diagram of installing actuators on a triangular vane according to an embodiment of the present invention;

12 is a schematic perspective view of installing actuators on a rear surface of an automobile according to an embodiment of the present invention;

13 is a schematic plan view of installing actuators in four directions according to an embodiment of the present invention;

14 is a schematic plan view showing an actuator provided with four cantilever driving means in a rectangular case according to another embodiment of the present invention;

15 is a schematic plan view showing an actuator provided with six cantilever driving means in a hexagonal case according to another embodiment of the present invention;

16 is a perspective view showing an example of a rocking plate shape of the cantilever drive means according to the embodiment of the present invention;

17 is a side view showing various shapes of the rocking plate of the cantilever drive means that can be deformed according to an embodiment of the present invention;

18 is a cross-sectional view showing the cross-sectional shape of the end of the rocking plate of the cantilever drive means that can be deformed according to the embodiment of the present invention.

<Description of the symbols for the main parts of the drawings>

10; Case 11; Bottom

12; Side 13; public

14; Vertical wall 20; Cantilever drive means

21; Free end 22; Rocking plate

23; Piezoelectric deformation part 24; Power supply

25; Upper electrode 26; Bottom electrode

27; Piezoelectric element 30; gap

50; Membrane deformation section 51; Piezoelectric element

52; Upper electrode 53; Bottom electrode

54; Membrane power supply unit 100; Actuator

101; Object 102; plate

110, 120; Tube 130; Flying wings

140; Triangular wings 150; car

151; Body surface

Hereinafter, with reference to the accompanying drawings will be described in detail an embodiment of the present invention.

1 is a perspective view illustrating a unit actuator according to an embodiment of the present invention, FIG. 2 is a plan view of FIG. 1 according to an embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view taken along line AA ′ of FIG. 1 according to an embodiment of the present invention. 4 is a cross-sectional view taken along line BB ′ of FIG. 1 according to an embodiment of the present invention.

As shown, the actuator according to the embodiment of the present invention is composed of a case 10 having a cavity 13 and a pair of cantilever drive means 20, the case 10 is the bottom 11 and side 12 Blocked by), the upper part of the case 10 forms an open state.

The cantilever drive means 20 is provided above the open case 10 to form a cavity inside the case 10.

The cantilever drive means 20 is composed of a swing plate 22, a piezoelectric deformation part 23, and a power supply part 24. The swing plate 22 is formed in a plate shape and is supported in a cantilever shape at one end of the case by a free end 21. ) Is installed to allow free vibration. The piezoelectric deformation part 23 is provided in surface contact with one end surface of the cantilever swing plate 22 to freely oscillate the cantilever-shaped swing plate 22. The piezoelectric strainer 23 may apply electric fields to both flat plate-like piezoelectric elements 27 (PZT, Piezoelectric polymer, etc.) that cause mechanical deformation by compressing or expanding according to an applied electric field, and both sides of the piezoelectric element 24. It is provided with an upper electrode 25 and a lower electrode 26 to be installed. The power supply unit 24 is electrically connected to the upper electrode 25 and the lower electrode 26 to apply a power to the piezoelectric deformation unit 23 to cause mechanical deformation. That is, when the voltage is applied to the upper electrode 25 and the lower electrode 26 so that the length of the piezoelectric element 27 is extended, the swing plate 22 is lifted upward. On the contrary, when a voltage is applied to reduce the length of the piezoelectric element 27, the swing plate 22 sags downward.

The cantilever drive means 20 configured as described above has a gap 30 in which any one of the swing plate 22 moves into the cavity 13, and the fluid inside the cavity 13 is created by the displacement difference between the ends of the swing plate 22. Is discharged to the outside through the gap (30) is made by the displacement difference of the end of the swinging plate (22) when the swinging plate (22) moves out of the cavity (13) The suction and discharge directions can be changed by changing the displacement difference of the two or more swinging plates 22 in a manner that is introduced into the cavity. On the other hand, the above-described gap 30 refers to the gap formed between the pair of cantilever drive means 20 facing each other more precisely between the end of the swing plate 22.

On the other hand, a predetermined gap is formed between the side surface of the freely oscillating plate 22 and the inner surface of the case 10, mainly formed between the end portions of the oscillating plate 22 to improve the flow generating ability of the actuator. Fluid to be sucked or discharged into the gap 30 is to be, and the suction or discharge of fluid into the left and right gaps of the swing plate 22 should be minimized. To this end, vertical walls 14 are provided on both side surfaces 12 formed in the longitudinal direction of the case 10 so as to form a barrier higher than the position of the swinging plate 22, so that the rocking plate 22 is located above the cavity. It is desirable to minimize intake or discharge of fluid between the left and right gaps of (22).

On the other hand, according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention, in addition to the bottom 11 of the case 10, the volume of the cavity 13 is increased so as to distort the shape of the bottom 11 of the case 10 in the vertical direction. Membrane deformable portion 50 that can be reduced or reduced is installed in surface contact. The piezoelectric element 51 (PZT, Piezoelectric polymer, etc.) having a plate-like piezoelectric element (51, PZT, Piezoelectric polymer, etc.), which is mechanically deformed by compressing or expanding according to an electric field applied to the membrane deformable portion 50, which is installed at the bottom 11 of the case 10, The upper electrode 52 and the lower electrode 53 are provided to apply an electric field to both sides of the element 51, the power source 54 for applying power to the membrane deformation unit 50 is the upper electrode ( 52 and electrically connected to the lower electrode 53.

5 is a graph showing a voltage signal applied to the piezoelectric element of the actuator according to an embodiment of the present invention, Figures 6a to 6l is an actuator for moving the fluid on the upper surface of the actuator according to an embodiment of the present invention from left to right It is an operation diagram showing the operation principle sequentially.

In FIG. 5, the solid line is a voltage signal applied by the first power supply unit 24-1 for applying power to the left cantilever driving unit 20-1, and the dashed line is power supply to the right cantilever driving unit 20-2. The voltage signal applied by the second power supply unit 24-2 for applying the voltage, and the dashed line indicates the voltage applied by the membrane power supply unit 54 for applying power to the membrane deformation unit 50 installed on the bottom of the case 10. The signal is shown. Here, the operation cycle of the cantilever drive means 20 and the operation cycle of the membrane deformable portion 50 installed on the bottom surface 11 of the case 10 are the same, and the flow direction of the fluid according to the phase difference of each cantilever drive means 20. Changes.

6A to 6D illustrate a process of jointly sucking the fluid on the left cantilever driving means 20-2. When the right cantilever drive means 20-1 starts to be lifted up first and then the left cantilever drive means 20-2 is lifted, the fluid mainly located above the left cantilever drive means 20-2 is sucked into the cavity. That is, as the right cantilever drive means 20-1 moves outward to the cavity, a displacement difference is generated in the gap 30 between the ends of the cantilever drive means 20, so that the volume of the cavity increases, so the left cantilever drive means 20 is mainly used. -2) The fluid above is sucked into the cavity. After a while, as voltage is applied to the left cantilever drive means 20-2, the left cantilever drive means 20-1 is lifted together, so that the volume of the cavity is further increased, so that suction continues. (FIGS. 6B and 6C). At the same time, when the base 11 is moved downward by applying power to the membrane deformable portion 50 provided at the bottom 11 of the case 10, the volume of the cavity 13 is further increased, thereby increasing the volume of the cavity 13. The fluid can be sucked into the case 10 (see FIG. 6D).

From 6) to i) of FIG. 6, the fluid sucked into the cavity 13 is discharged again to the right cantilever driving means 20-1. When the right cantilever drive means 20-1, which has risen earlier in the suction process, begins to descend into the cavity 13 in the discharge process, and the left cantilever drive means 20-2 descends, the volume inside the cavity 13 increases. Since it is reduced, the fluid sucked inward is mainly discharged upward through the gap 30 to the right cantilever drive means 20-1. As shown, the gap 30 generated in the suction process and the gap 30 generated in the discharge process by the displacement difference of the gap 30 is formed in the opposite direction, so the discharge is made in the opposite direction.

On the other hand, since the bottom surface of the case 10, which was moved downward in the suction process, starts to move upward in the discharge process, the volume of the cavity 13 is further reduced, so that a large amount of fluid is discharged out of the case 10. 6i)

6J illustrates a state in which the discharging process is completed, and FIGS. 6K and 6L show the right cantilever drive unit 20-1 rising upward and the left cantilever drive unit 20-2 along the left cantilever drive unit ( 20-2) It is the process of inhaling the fluid above. In the suction process of FIG. 6K to FIG. 6L, fluid suction into the cavity 13 continues while being connected to FIG. 6A to FIG. 6D. Repeating these steps, the fluid above the left cantilever drive means 20-2 is moved above the right cantilever.

In this way, if you want to move the fluid on the actuator from right to left, just suck the fluid on the right side and discharge it to the left side, so the left cantilever drive means 20-2 goes up first in the suction process and then the right cantilever drive means. 20-1 goes up thereafter, in the discharge process, the first cantilever drive means 20-2 descends first and the right cantilever drive means 20-1 descends thereafter. And only the voltage waveform applied from the second power supply unit 24-2. That is, the actuator according to the present invention is characterized in that the flow direction can be simply changed by simply changing the operation order of the cantilever drive means 20.

On the other hand, according to the present invention, since the cantilever drive means 20 can move the fluid by free vibration, the cantilever drive means 20 can be moved at a high speed to increase the flow generating ability of the actuator.

In addition, the actuator according to the present invention generates a flow on the upper surface of the cantilever drive means 20, it is possible to obtain the driving force of the object by installing the actuators on the object surface. In addition, the actuator according to the present invention may be installed in four directions of the object surface to obtain driving force in four directions. In addition, by controlling the respective actuators, it is possible to apply a moment to the object so that the object can rotate. In addition, if the actuator is installed in the pipe, the fluid in the pipe can be moved, and thus can be utilized as a fluid pump.

FIG. 7 is a schematic cross-sectional view showing an example in which actuators 100 are installed on one side of an object 101 to obtain a driving force of the object 101 according to an embodiment of the present invention. The propulsion force obtained by the object can move in the direction opposite the fluid propulsion direction. That is, when the cantilever drive means 20 is operated to move the fluid above the cantilever drive means 20 from left to right, the object 101 on which the cantilever drive means 20 is installed gains propulsion force to the right. On the other hand, when only the actuator 100 is installed on the surface of the object 101, the actuator 100 forms not only a flow in the surface direction of the object 101 but also a flow in a direction perpendicular to the surface, so that the upper portion of the surface of the object 101 is formed. When the plate 102 is installed, the flow is formed only in the surface direction by the actuator 100 installed on the surface of the object 101, so that the pumping capacity (or driving force) of the actuator 100 is increased.

8 is an example of making the pump 100 to move the fluid in the pipe in both directions by installing the actuator 100 in the upper surface 111 and the lower surface 112 of the inner side of the square tube 110 according to an embodiment of the present invention. . The fluid may move left or right depending on the pumping direction of the actuator 100.

9 is an example of making a fluid pump capable of generating flow in both directions by installing the actuators 100 according to the embodiment of the present invention on the inner slope of the square tube 120.

The actuator 100 according to the invention can be used to control the flow of the object surface. 10 is an example in which the actuators 100 according to the present invention are installed on the surface of the flying wing 130. Here, by controlling the flow direction of each actuator 100, it is possible to cause the flow peeling on the blade surface or to suppress the flow peeling. 11 illustrates an example in which the actuators 100 according to the present invention are installed on a delta wing surface. By controlling the strong vortex generated in the triangular wing 140, it is possible to change the forces received by the wing to generate moments and the like on the wing. According to the present invention, it is possible to generate a rotation moment or the like even in a polygonal wing including a triangular wing.

12 shows an example in which the actuators 100 according to the present invention are installed on the body surface 151 of the vehicle to control the wake flow field generated at the rear of the vehicle 150.

On the other hand, the actuator 100 having two cantilever drive means 20 in one cavity 13 allows the fluid to move in two directions, so as shown in Figure 13 the actuator 100 having two cantilever drive means 20 ) Are installed perpendicular to each other to create flow in four directions.

On the other hand, Figure 14 is a modified embodiment of the actuator 100 according to the present invention, showing the structure of the actuator 100 having four cantilever drive means in one cavity.

In addition, FIG. 15 shows the structure of the actuator 100 having six cantilever drive means 20 in one cavity. They can control the fluid in both directions as well as in both directions.

16 is a perspective view illustrating an example of a swing plate shape of the cantilever drive unit according to an embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 17 illustrates various shapes of the swing plate of the cantilever drive unit that may be deformed according to an embodiment of the present invention. One cross section is illustrated.

As shown, the shape of the rocking plate 22 may affect the suction and discharge characteristics of the fluid. In particular, forming the cross section of the swing plate 22 in a "c" shape contributes to minimizing the intake or discharge of fluid into the left and right clearances of the cantilever drive means during actuator operation. On the other hand, the groove 22a formed at one end of the swing plate 22 allows the swing plate 22 to bend easily at the groove portion.

18 is a cross-sectional view showing the cross-sectional shape of the end of the rocking plate of the cantilever drive means that can be deformed according to an embodiment according to the present invention, the intake and discharge of fluid in accordance with the cross-sectional shape of the end of the rocking plate 22 Depending on the properties it is possible to take an appropriate cross-sectional shape depending on the application in which the actuator according to the invention is used.

In the above description, it should be understood that those skilled in the art can only make modifications and changes to the present invention without changing the gist of the present invention as it merely illustrates a preferred embodiment of the present invention.

As described above, the actuator according to the present invention reduces the space blocked by the cavity wall and the cantilever drive means when the cantilever drive means incorporating the piezoelectric element moves inside the case, and the case and the cantilever drive means when the cantilever drive means moves outside the cavity. The cantilever drive means moves to the outside of the cavity to draw in the external fluid that was above the cantilever drive means, and then the cantilever drive means moves to the inside of the cavity to discharge the fluid sucked into the cavity again. By repeating this, a flow can be generated near the upper surface of the cantilever drive means.

Such actuators can be generated from a fluid pump that moves fluid in a pipe in a desired direction, a peeling control device that generates or suppresses flow separation on an object surface, a moment generator that generates a moment to rotate an object, or a rear of a vehicle. It can be usefully used in a wake flow field suppressor of a vehicle to suppress the wake flow field to be.

Claims (17)

In actuators that generate flow in multiple directions on the surface of an object, A case having a concave cavity formed to store the fluid, A pair of cantilever oscillation plates are formed in a plate shape and are respectively supported in one end of the case in a cantilever shape, and a gap is formed between the free ends thereof, and the free end portions are freely oscillated, and the oscillation plate is oscillated freely. And a cantilever driving means including a piezoelectric deformation portion installed in surface contact with each end surface of the rocking plate, and a power supply portion installed to apply mechanical power to the piezoelectric deformation portion to cause mechanical deformation. When the phase difference is sequentially raised and lowered from one side of each of the free ends facing each other, the fluid is sucked in the other direction through the gap, and discharged from the other direction. The surface flow generating fluid pump of claim 1, wherein the surface flow generating actuator is installed on the inner surface of the pipe to pump the fluid in the pipe in both directions. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the surface flow generating actuator is provided on the surface of the object to generate propulsion force to the object. delete The rotation moment generating device of claim 1, wherein the surface flow generating actuator of claim 1 is installed on a surface of a polygonal delta wing to generate a rotation moment by controlling a strong vortex generated from the polygonal wing. The wake flow field regulator of claim 1, wherein the surface flow generating actuator is installed on the body surface of the vehicle to control the wake flow field. The surface flow generating actuator of claim 1, wherein the surface flow generating actuators of the first aspect are arranged to cross each other in the vertical and horizontal directions on a plane to obtain the surface flow directions in four directions. delete The method of claim 1, And a membrane deformable part which is distorted in the vertical direction of the case bottom to increase or decrease the volume of the cavity, and is additionally installed in surface contact with the bottom of the case. The method of claim 1, And a vertical wall is provided on both sides of the case to form a barrier higher than the position of the rocking plate in order to suppress the intake or discharge of fluid into the left and right gaps of the rocking plate. The method of claim 1, And said cantilever drive means comprises a pair of cantilever drive means facing each other in a cavity forming one rectangular shape. The method of claim 1, And the cantilever drive means comprises four cantilever drive means that face each other in a cavity having a square shape. The method of claim 1, And said cantilever drive means comprises six cantilever drive means facing each other in a cavity forming a hexagonal shape. The method of claim 1, The piezoelectric deformable portion is a plate-shaped piezoelectric element (PZT, Piezoelectric polymer, etc.), which causes mechanical deformation by compressing or expanding according to an applied electric field; An upper electrode and a lower electrode installed to apply an electric field to both side surfaces of the piezoelectric element; And a first power supply and a second power supply electrically connected to the upper electrode and the lower electrode to supply power to the deformation part. The method of claim 9, The membrane deformable portion is a plate-like piezoelectric element (PZT, Piezoelectric polymer, etc.), which causes mechanical deformation by compressing or expanding according to an applied electric field; An upper electrode and a lower electrode installed to apply an electric field to both side surfaces of the piezoelectric element; And a membrane power supply electrically connected to the upper electrode and the lower electrode for applying power to the membrane deformation part. The method of claim 3, wherein And a plate disposed above the surface of the object so that the flow is concentrated in the direction of the surface of the object. The method of claim 1, When the phase difference is sequentially raised and lowered from the other side of the free ends, the fluid is sucked in one direction through the gap, and discharged in one direction.