KR100421394B1 - Single capacitor synchronous motor - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention relates to a single-phase capacitor split-type synchronous motor, and to drive the motor at low cost without the need for a separate DC power supply necessary for the motor. To this end, the present invention constituting the main winding and auxiliary winding by intensively winding the coils on each tooth of the stator core having a plurality of divided teeth arranged in a radial direction and spaced apart along the circumferential direction on the inner diameter surface. The main winding and the auxiliary winding described above have a stator having a phase difference of 90 degrees in electrical space and parallel to each other; A rotating shaft disposed in the center region of the stator core; A rotor disposed on the outer circumference of the rotor core, the rotor being integrally rotatably coupled to the rotation shaft, the rotor being disposed inside the stator core to be rotatable about the rotation shaft; It is connected in series with the auxiliary winding of the stator, and generates a starting rotor field, and comprises a starting and current blocking means for suppressing the current when the rotor reaches the synchronous speed after starting.

Description

Single Phase Capacitor Split-Type Synchronous Motor {SINGLE CAPACITOR SYNCHRONOUS MOTOR}

The present invention relates to a single phase capacitor split phase synchronous motor, and more particularly, to a single phase capacitor split phase synchronous motor capable of driving a motor at low cost without a separate DC power supply which is necessary for a motor.

In general, fan motors such as refrigerators, microwave ovens, humidifiers, and small fans are simple in structure, compact in configuration, and inexpensive so-called rectifier DC motors, called Brushless Direct Current Motors, are used. .

The non-rectifier DC motors are widely used because they are relatively high in efficiency, controllable by a regulated power source, and have high reliability and long life.

1 is a longitudinal cross-sectional view of a conventional non-commutator DC motor, FIG. 2 is a rear view of the non-commutator DC motor of FIG. 1, and FIG. 3 is a front view of the stator core of FIG.

The non-commutator DC motor includes a stator 121 disposed with a predetermined gap between the rotor 111 and the rotor 111, and a PC ratio 136 for forming a driving circuit.

The rotor 111 is formed to have a circular cross-sectional shape as a permanent magnet, and the rotating shaft 112 is integrally rotatably coupled to the shaft core.

A pair of bearing housings 113 each provided with bearings 115 are coupled to both sides of the rotor 111 along the axial direction of the rotation shaft 112 to support the rotation shaft 112.

The first stator core 122 and the first stator core 122 having the stator 121 and the rotor 111 interposed therebetween and having the first and second pole shoes 123 and 125 disposed together. A second stator core 132 integrally coupled to one side of the bobbin, a bobbin 133 coupled to the second stator core 132, and a pair of coils 135 wound around the bobbin 133. Doing.

The first stator core 122 and the second stator core 132 are integrally fixed to each other by insulatingly stacking a plurality of steel sheets, and the rotor 111 for the initial starting of the rotor 111 to the first stator core 122. The first detent groove 127 and the second detent groove 129 spaced apart in the radial direction from the outer diameter surface of the circumferential surface and extending in the circumferential direction are formed, respectively.

One side of the bobbin along the rotation axis direction of the rotor 111 is integrally coupled to the PCB cover 137 for receiving and supporting the PCB 136, the PCB cover 137 between the bobbin 133 and the rotor 111 The sensor accommodating part 139 is formed to accommodate the position detection sensor disposed in the housing to detect the rotational position of the rotor 111.

By the way, in the conventional non-commutator DC motor, the first pole 123 and the second pole shoe (not to be disposed in the position where the electrical torque is '0' for the initial start of the rotor 111 ( Detent grooves 127 and 129 are formed in 125, respectively, and there is a problem that the efficiency is relatively lowered due to the reduction of the effective magnets due to the increase of the voids.

In addition, in order to drive the commercial power as an input power source, a separate DC power supply device (not shown) having a large volume and relatively high price should be provided, and the driving circuit and the rotor 111 for driving the rotor 111 should be provided. There is a problem in that the volume and the price is increased because it must be provided with a position detection sensor for detecting the position.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The present invention has been made to solve the above problems, and an object thereof is to provide a single-phase capacitor split-type synchronous motor for driving a motor at low cost without a separate DC power supply device necessary for a motor.

1 is a longitudinal cross-sectional view of a conventional non-commutator DC motor.

FIG. 2 is a rear view of the non-commutator DC motor in FIG. 1; FIG.

Figure 3 is a front view of the stator core in Figure 1;

Figure 4 is a cross-sectional view of the present invention single phase capacitor divided phase synchronous motor.

Figure 5 is a plan view of the stator and rotor in Figure 4

6 is a view showing a connection state of the stator coil of the single-phase capacitor divided phase synchronous motor according to the embodiment of the present invention.

Figure 7 shows the winding state of the single-phase capacitor divided phase synchronous motor according to the embodiment of the present invention.

8 is a view showing a connection state of the coil of the single-phase capacitor divided phase synchronous motor according to the embodiment of the present invention.

9 is a view showing a wiring state of the coil of the single-phase capacitor divided phase synchronous motor according to the embodiment of the present invention.

Fig. 10 is a schematic plan sectional view of a rotor of a single phase capacitor split phase synchronous motor according to another embodiment of the present invention.

Figure 11 shows the winding state of the coil of the single-phase capacitor divided phase synchronous motor according to another embodiment of the present invention.

12 is a view showing a winding state of the coil of the single-phase capacitor divided phase synchronous motor according to another embodiment of the present invention.

Fig. 13 is a view showing a wiring state of a coil of a single phase capacitor divided phase synchronous motor according to another embodiment of the present invention.

***** Description of the symbols for the main parts of the drawings *****

10: Half-wave rectifier 11: Stator

13: Stator core 14a: yoke part

14b: Teeth part 15: protrusion receiving part

17: protrusion 20: charging part

21: Notch 25: Bobbin

17: coil 28a: main coil

28b: Sub coil 29: Wiring circuit board

30: relay drive part 31: rotor

32: rotation axis 43: rotor core

46: permanent magnet 49: slot

The present invention for achieving the above object, the coil is intensively wound around each tooth of the stator core having a plurality of divided teeth spaced apart from each other along the circumferential direction with a predetermined protrusion in the center along the radial direction on the inner diameter surface A main winding and an auxiliary winding, wherein the main winding and the auxiliary winding have a phase difference of 90 degrees in electrical angle and are connected in parallel with each other; A rotating shaft disposed in the center region of the stator core; A rotor disposed on the outer circumference of the rotor core, the rotor being integrally rotatably coupled to the rotation shaft, the rotor being disposed inside the stator core to be rotatable about the rotation shaft; It is connected in series with the auxiliary winding of the stator, characterized in that it comprises a starting and current blocking means for generating a starting rotor field, and suppressing the current when the rotor reaches the synchronous speed after starting.

The rotor core has a circular cross section, and the permanent magnet has an arc or a cylindrical shape so as to be in contact with the outer diameter surface of the rotor core and is integrally coupled to the outer diameter surface of the rotor core.

The rotor core is characterized in that the permanent magnet receiving portion is formed to accommodate the permanent magnet along the rotation axis direction is configured to have a structure in which the permanent magnet is inserted.

The stator core is characterized in that it comprises a yoke portion having a circular ring shape and a plurality of teeth coupled to protrude in the radial direction and spaced apart from each other in the circumferential direction inside the yoke portion.

The tooth portion is characterized in that it forms at least one notch in which the end portion is recessed in the radial direction along the protruding direction and extends along the rotation axis direction.

Any one of the yoke portion and the tooth portion mutually contact surface is formed with a projection protruding toward the other one, and the other one of the yoke portion and the tooth portion is formed with a projection receiving portion recessed to accommodate the protrusion It features.

The protrusion is press-fitted to the protrusion receiving portion.

In the stator, each coil portion of the main coil and the subcoil is wound around the teeth intensively.

Each of the coil portion of the main coil and the sub-coil is characterized in that it is configured to be wound simultaneously in the teeth adjacent to each other along the circumferential direction of the stator.

It characterized in that it comprises a circuit board for connection coupled to one side of the stator for the connection of the coil.

And a housing disposed around the stator and the rotor, the bearing being coupled to the housing along the axial direction of the rotating shaft to rotatably support the rotating shaft.

The coil has a main coil having a plurality of coil parts wound around the teeth and connected in series with a predetermined phase difference (usually an electric angle of about 180 degrees) in the circumferential direction of the stator, and the main along the circumferential direction of the stator. It characterized in that it comprises a sub-coils arranged in parallel to the main coil having a plurality of coils disposed between each coil of the coil and connected in series with each other.

The starting and current interrupting means may include a starting capacitor electrically connected to the main coil and the other end of the starting capacitor, and a switch connected in series between the starting capacitor and the subcoil. .

In another embodiment, it characterized in that it comprises an operating capacitor electrically connected between the main coil and the sub-coil to start and operate the rotor.

The starting and current interrupting means may include an operation capacitor electrically connected between the main coil and the sub coil, one end of which is electrically connected between the main coil and the operation capacitor, and the other end of the operation capacitor and the sub coil. And a switch electrically connected between the starting capacitor and the starting capacitor and the subcoil to cut off the power of the starting capacitor when the rotor reaches a predetermined speed after starting the rotor. do.

Hereinafter, the operation and effects of the single-phase capacitor divided phase synchronous motor according to the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

Figure 4 is a cross-sectional view of a single-phase capacitor split motor according to an embodiment of the present invention, Figure 5 is a plan view of the stator and the rotor of Figure 4, as shown in the predetermined radially projecting around the inner surface in the radial direction A stator 11 having a coil 27 wound around a stator core 13 having a plurality of teeth portions 14b spaced apart from each other along a circumferential direction, and disposed in a central region of the stator core 13. The rotary shaft 32 and the rotor core 43 is integrally rotatably coupled to the rotary shaft 32 and the rotor core 43 is provided with a permanent magnet 45 rotatably coupled to the center of the rotary shaft 32 It comprises a rotor 31 which is disposed inside the stator core 13 to be rotatable.

Bearings 33 are disposed at both end regions of the rotation shaft 32 along the axial direction of the rotation shaft so as to support the rotation shaft 32, and each bearing 33 includes a first housing 35 and a first housing 35. Each housing 37 is integrally coupled to each other.

The first housing 35 has a cylindrical shape with one side open, and a bearing accommodating part 39 is formed in the central region to accommodate the bearing 33.

The second housing 37 is formed to have a cap shape so as to block the opening area of the first housing 35, and a bearing accommodating part 41 is formed in the central area to accommodate the bearing 33. have.

The stator 11 has a circular ring shape having a reduced outer diameter compared to the inner diameter of the first housing 35 so that the stator 11 may be coupled to the inside of the first housing 35 by a press-fitting method or the like, along the radial direction therein. A stator core 13 having a plurality of tooth portions 14b protruding and spaced apart from each other along the circumferential direction, a bobbin 25 coupled to each tooth portion 14b, and a circumference around each bobbin 25. It comprises the coil 27 wound up.

The stator core 13 is insulated and laminated with a ring-shaped steel sheet and fixedly coupled to each other by a rivet 23 or the like, and the yoke portion 14a is integrally bonded by a rivet 24 or the like by being laminated with a steel plate and a yoke. The inside of the portion 14a has a tooth portion 14b projecting along the radial direction and spaced apart from each other along the circumferential direction.

On the inner diameter surface of the yoke portion 14a, a plurality of protrusion accommodating portions 15 recessed along the radial direction are formed, and one side of the tooth portion 14b is integrated into the protrusion accommodating portion 15 by a method such as indentation. The protrusions 17 are formed to be coupled to each other.

On the opposite side of the protruding portion 17 of the tooth portion 14b, a pole portion 19 is formed which extends along the width direction and has a predetermined curvature so that the outer diameter surface of the rotor 31 can be disposed with a predetermined gap. The notch portion 21 is formed in the central region of each pole portion 19 along the circumferential direction of the rotor 31, which is recessed along the radial direction of the rotor 31 and extends along the rotation axis direction.

The bobbin 25 is coupled to each tooth portion 14b, and a coil 27 is wound around the bobbin 25 so as to form a magnetic field, and each coil 27 is a rotating shaft of the rotor 31. A wiring circuit board 29 coupled to one side of the stator 11 along the line direction is electrically connected to each other.

Meanwhile, the rotor 31 has a rotor core 43 having a circular cross-sectional shape, a permanent magnet 45 contacting the outer diameter surface of the rotor core 43 and spaced apart from each other along the circumferential direction, and the permanent magnet 45. It comprises a scattering prevention can 47 is integrally rotatably coupled around the periphery.

The rotor core 43 is insulated and laminated with a plurality of steel plates having a plurality of holes therein to facilitate the maneuvering of the shaft hole 44 capable of accommodating the rotating shaft 32 at the center thereof, and the like with a rivet 46. The permanent magnet 45 is formed so as to form an arc-shaped cross section so as to be in contact with the outer diameter surface of the rotor core 43 and the inner diameter surface of the scattering prevention can 47 at the same time, and the rotor may be formed by a coupling means such as an adhesive. It is integrally coupled to the outer diameter surface of the core 43.

Here, the scattering prevention can 47 is composed of a non-magnetic material such as aluminum or stainless steel, brass.

FIG. 6 is a diagram illustrating a connection state of a stator coil of a single phase capacitor split phase synchronous motor according to an embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 7 is a diagram illustrating a winding state of a single phase capacitor split phase synchronous motor according to an embodiment of the present invention. As shown therein, the coil 27 of the stator 11 has a plurality of coil portions M1 to M4, S1 to S4 wound on each tooth portion 14b and is connected to the power supply in parallel to each other in parallel. 28a and the subcoil 28b.

The coil portions M1 to M4 and S1 to S4 of the main coil 28a and the subcoil 28b are so-called salient pole windings concentrated around the bobbin 25 coupled to each tooth portion 14b. It is formed in the form of, and is formed to have a phase difference of 90 degrees to each other electrically.

A driving capacitor Cr is connected in series at an end of the main coil 28a and a subcoil 28b, and a starting capacitor Cs and a positive temperature thermistor are connected to the driving capacitor Cr in series. Coefficient Thermister (PTC) is connected in parallel.

The PTC thermistor (PTC) serves as a switch to turn off the power of the start capacitor (Cs) when the rotor reaches the synchronous speed after starting, that is, the PTC thermistor (PTC) is applied as a resistance element The resistance rises sharply, blocking the flow of current and shutting off the power supply.

At start-up, when a single-phase AC power is applied to the coil 27, a large starting rotor field is generated through the driving capacitor Cr connected in series with the subcoil 28b, the starting capacitor Cs, and the PTC thermistor (PTC). In the scattering prevention capacitor 47, an electromotive force by an induced current is generated to form a magnetic field.

Accordingly, the rotor 31 is rotated about the rotation axis 32 by interaction with the magnetic field formed by the coil 27, so rotated so that the rotor 31 near the synchronous speed, the current The PTC thermistor (PTC), which is a blocking means, increases its resistance due to self-heating and is opened by relatively low current value, thereby shutting off the power supply of the starting capacitor (Cs).

Accordingly, the rotor 31 performs high efficiency operation at a synchronous speed by the interaction of the magnetic field of the driving capacitor Cr, the main coil 28a and the subcoil 28b and the magnetic field of the permanent magnet 45. .

When the PTC thermistor (PTC) has a large current during start-up and the temperature of the PTC thermistor (PTC) rises sharply, the current hardly flows, and thus the power cut-off or current suppression effect is provided, but in this case, the current Is small, but the resistance is very large, resulting in loss, and in the case of a fan motor with a small input, the total input to the output is greatly increased.

Therefore, a method of mechanically shutting off the power completely is used, that is, a current is blocked using a thermal protector TP using a bimetal switch as shown in FIG.

Since the thermal protector TP is not a resistance element, it cannot generate heat by itself, but in the case of the mechanical refrigerator fan motor, which is an example of the application of the motor, the problem is solved by using a compressor as a peripheral device.

That is, the fan motor of the mechanical refrigerator applies power to the compressor and the fan motor at the same time. Since the piping at the discharge port side of the compressor is heated up instantaneously, the thermal protector TP is attached to the discharge port. When the temperature of the discharge port of the compressor rises rapidly, the temperature of the thermal protector TP reaches the operating temperature, thereby automatically serving as a power-off switch.

Fig. 9 is a circuit diagram of another embodiment of the current interrupting means, a half-wave rectifying section 10 composed of a diode D1 and a capacitor C1, a resistor R1, and a capacitor C2 to convert an input voltage into a direct current voltage. A charging unit 20 gradually charging the output voltage of the half-wave rectifying unit 10 and a relay driving unit 30 outputting a relay driving signal for driving the relay by the charging voltage of the charging unit 20. ).

When the DC voltage converted by the half-wave rectifier 10 passes through the charging unit 20, the capacitor C2 is gradually charged exponentially, and the transistor Q1 can be turned on through the zener diode DZ1. When the voltage level reaches the level, the initial stage is maintained in a short circuit state, and then the relay driver 30 is operated to open the contact point.

When the contact is opened, the subcoil and the starting capacitor Cs are opened from the commercial AC power supply.

Fig. 10 is a schematic plan cross-sectional view of a rotor of a single phase capacitor split-type synchronous motor according to another embodiment of the present invention, which is wound around a plurality of teeth 14b and respective teeth 14b protruding in a radial direction therein. A rotor having a stator 11 having a coil 27 and a permanent magnet accommodating portion inside the rotor core 53, and a plurality of permanent magnets are inserted and fixed, and a shaft hole is inserted in the center thereof so that the shaft is inserted and rotates integrally ( 51).

FIG. 11 is a diagram illustrating a winding state of a coil of a single phase capacitor split-type synchronous motor according to another embodiment of the present invention. As illustrated therein, the coil 27 has a phase difference of 90 degrees along the circumferential direction of the stator 11. And a main coil 28a having a plurality of coil parts M1 to M4 connected in series with each other, and a subcoil 28b connected in parallel to the main coil 28a.

The coil parts M1 to M4 and S1 to S4 of the main coil 28a and the subcoil 28b are simultaneously wound on adjacent tooth parts 14b so as to obtain high induced voltage characteristics with a relatively small number of turns. It is in the form of the so-called distribution zone formed.

FIG. 12 is a diagram illustrating a coil connection state of a single phase capacitor split-phase synchronous motor according to another embodiment of the present invention. As shown in FIG. 12, the coil 27 includes a plurality of coil parts M1 to M4 and S1 connected in series. And a main coil 28a and a subcoil 28b connected to each other in parallel with S4), and at the end of the main coil 28a and the end of the subcoil 28b, an operating capacitor Cr and a PTC thermistor (PTC) are each configured in series.

At this time, when commercial AC power is applied to the coil 27, power is applied to the subcoil 28b through the main coil 28a, the starting capacitor Cs, and the PTC thermistor (PTC) so that a relatively large starting time is provided. An electromagnetic field is formed so that the rotors 31, 51, and 71 rotate about the rotation shaft 32.

When the rotational speeds of the rotors 31, 51, and 71 reach near the synchronous speed, the PTC thermistor (PTC) opens the circuit by increasing the resistance by lowering the current value and lowering the current value. 31, 51, and 71 continue to rotate at the synchronous speed by the main coil 28a.

FIG. 13 is a view showing a coil connection state of a single phase capacitor split-type synchronous motor according to another embodiment of the present invention, wherein the coil 27 has a plurality of coil parts M1 to M4 and S1 to S4 in parallel to each other. A main coil 28a and a subcoil 28b are connected to each other, and a driving capacitor Cr is connected to the subcoil 28b in series.

Here, the driving capacitor Cr has a relatively large capacity compared to the driving capacitor Cr described above to enable starting and operation without a separate starting capacitor Cs and PTC thermistor (PTC). It is configured to have a relatively small capacity compared to (Cs).

Specific embodiments or embodiments made in the detailed description of the present invention are intended to clarify the technical contents of the present invention to the last, and should not be construed as limited to these specific embodiments by consultation, the spirit of the present invention and the claims Various changes can be made within the scope of.

As described in detail above, the present invention is a stator having a plurality of teeth disposed radially on the inner diameter surface and spaced apart from each other along the circumferential direction, and a coil wound around each of the teeth, and integrated around the rotating shaft and the rotating shaft. A rotor having a rotor core rotatably coupled to the rotor core and a permanent magnet rotatably coupled to the circumference of the rotor core is provided, and the initial start is started by the interaction between the coil and the magnetic field. By allowing the coil to operate normally by the interaction of the coil and the permanent magnet, a separate DC power supply device for DC power supply, a position detection sensor for detecting the rotational position of the rotor, and a driving circuit can be eliminated to facilitate starting. And it has the effect of reducing power consumption and manufacturing costs.

Claims (16)

The main winding and the auxiliary winding are formed by intensively winding the coils on each tooth of the stator core having a plurality of divided teeth spaced apart from each other along the circumferential direction with a predetermined protrusion in the inner diameter surface in the radial direction. The auxiliary winding may include: a stator having a phase difference of 90 degrees in electrical space and parallel to each other; A rotating shaft disposed in the center region of the stator core; A rotor disposed on the outer circumference of the rotor core, the rotor being integrally rotatably coupled to the rotation shaft, the rotor being disposed inside the stator core to be rotatable about the rotation shaft; Single phase capacitor split type synchronous motor connected to the auxiliary winding of the stator in series to generate a starting rotor field and to suppress the current when the rotor reaches the synchronous speed after starting. . The single-phase capacitor divided motor according to claim 1, wherein the rotor has a plurality of permanent magnet receiving portions disposed in the rotor core to insert and fix permanent magnets. According to claim 1, The starting and current interrupting means, A starting capacitor connected in series with the auxiliary winding of the stator; Single phase capacitor split-type motor, characterized in that consisting of a switch connected in series with the starting capacitor. The single-phase capacitor divided-phase electric motor according to claim 3, wherein the switch is made of a PTC thermistor. 4. The single-phase capacitor split motor according to claim 3, further comprising a thermal protector attached to the discharge port of the compressor and turned off when the temperature of the discharge port of the compressor rises rapidly when the motor is started. The method of claim 1, wherein the starting and current blocking means, Single phase capacitor split-type electric motor, characterized in that replaced by a driving capacitor electrically connected between the main coil and the sub-coil to start and operate the rotor. The method of claim 1, wherein the starting and current blocking means, An operating capacitor electrically connected between the main coil and the subcoil; A start capacitor electrically connected between the main coil and the driving capacitor and the other end electrically connected between the driving capacitor and the subcoil; Single phase capacitor split-type electric motor, characterized in that the switch connected in series between the starting capacitor and the sub-coil to switch off the power of the starting capacitor when the rotor reaches a predetermined speed after starting the rotor. 8. The single-phase capacitor divided-type electric motor according to claim 7, wherein the switch is a PtC thermistor. The method of claim 1, wherein the starting and current blocking means, A starting capacitor electrically connected to the subcoil; A relay electrically connected between the starting capacitor and the main coil; A half-wave rectifier comprising a diode and a capacitor to convert the input voltage into a direct voltage; A charging unit comprising a resistor and a capacitor to gradually charge the output voltage of the half-wave rectifying unit; Single phase capacitor split-type electric motor comprising a relay driver for outputting a relay drive signal for operating the relay by the charging voltage of the charging unit. The method of claim 9, wherein the relay, Single-phase capacitors characterized by using a commercial AC power supply as a driving power supply, and the initial relay contact is short-circuited, and then the voltage is gradually charged after the start-up, and the sub-coil and the start-up capacitor are cut off after the start-up is completed. Pictograph electric motor. The method of claim 1, wherein the stator is, Single phase capacitor split-type electric motor further comprises a circuit board for coupling to one side for the connection of the coil. The single phase capacitor assembly of claim 1, further comprising a housing disposed around the stator and the rotor, and a bearing coupled to the housing along an axial direction of the rotation shaft to rotatably support the rotation shaft. Pictograph electric motor. The stator core of claim 1, wherein the stator core includes a yoke portion having a circular ring shape, and a plurality of teeth portions coupled to the yoke portion to protrude radially and to be spaced apart from each other along the circumferential direction. Single phase capacitor split type motor. 14. The single phase capacitor split motor of claim 13, wherein the tooth portion forms at least one notch portion recessed in the radial direction along the protruding direction and extending along the rotation axis direction. 15. The protrusion of claim 13, wherein one of the yoke portion and the tooth portion is in contact with each other, and a protrusion is formed to protrude toward the other one, and the other of the yoke portion and the tooth portion has a protrusion recessed to accommodate the protrusion. Single phase capacitor split-type electric motor, characterized in that the receiving portion is formed. 16. The single phase capacitor split motor according to claim 15, wherein the protrusion is press-fitted to the protrusion receiving portion.