WO2021103374A1

WO2021103374A1 - Permanent magnet synchronous motor and motor start-up method

Info

Publication number: WO2021103374A1
Application number: PCT/CN2020/083449
Authority: WO
Inventors: 刘海平; 周楠; 陈欣
Original assignee: 杭州微光电子股份有限公司
Priority date: 2019-11-26
Filing date: 2020-04-07
Publication date: 2021-06-03
Also published as: ZA202109300B; CN110768438A

Abstract

Provided in the present disclosure are a permanent magnet synchronous motor and a motor start-up method. The permanent magnet synchronous motor comprises a housing, a cavity being formed at the inner part of the housing; a stator assembly, which is disposed on the inner wall of the cavity at the inner part of the housing; a stator winding, which is connected to and arranged on the stator assembly; a rotor assembly, which is disposed on the inner wall of the stator assembly opposite the housing; and a control assembly, which is disposed on one end surface of the stator assembly, and is configured to control the motor to power on and off.

Description

Permanent magnet synchronous motor and motor starting method

Cross-references to related applications

This application claims the priority of the Chinese patent application with the application number 201911171768.4 and the title "A permanent magnet synchronous motor and motor starting method" filed with the Chinese Patent Office on November 26, 2019, the entire content of which is incorporated herein by reference. Applying.

Technical field

The present disclosure relates to the field of motor manufacturing, and in particular, to a permanent magnet synchronous motor and a motor starting method.

Background technique

Current motors use current to pass through a coil to generate a magnetic field, through the on-off or commutation of the current, and then form a directional magnetic force between the stator and the rotor to drive the motor to operate. Its iron core electric excitation working state is generally in non- Linear zone. However, the current motor has the problem of slow starting speed.

Public content

The present disclosure provides a permanent magnet synchronous motor and a motor starting method. The permanent magnet synchronous motor and the motor starting method are configured to alleviate the problem of slow motor starting speed in the prior art.

The embodiments provided in the present application are implemented as follows: a permanent magnet synchronous motor is provided, which includes a casing with a cavity formed inside the casing; a stator assembly, which is arranged on the inner wall of the cavity inside the casing; and the stator winding is connected to On the stator assembly; the rotor assembly is arranged on the inner wall of the stator assembly opposite to the casing; the control assembly is arranged on one end surface of the stator assembly, and is configured to control the energization and shutdown of the motor.

Optionally, the stator assembly includes a stator skeleton.

Optionally, the stator assembly includes a winding including a first winding, which is arranged around an outer ring of the stator frame, and one end is connected to an external power source. The second winding is arranged around the inner ring of the stator frame, and one end is connected to an external power source.

Optionally, the stator assembly further includes stator poles and spacers;

The outer frame of the stator frame is in a ring structure, the stator poles and spacers are located inside the outer frame of the stator frame, and the stator poles are connected to the outer frame of the stator frame through the spacers .

Optionally, there are a plurality of the spacers, the stator poles are arranged corresponding to the number of the spacers, and the plurality of spacers are arranged at equal intervals along the edge of the outer frame and inner ring of the stator frame, And a plurality of the spacers are respectively connected with the outer frame of the stator frame;

A slot configured to pass through the first winding is formed between any two of the spacers.

Optionally, the stator poles, spacers and stator frame are integrally stamped and formed.

Optionally, the other end of the first winding is connected to the other end of the second winding.

Optionally, the casing includes: a front end cover; a rear end cover, which is snap-connected with the front end cover to form a casing.

Optionally, the rotor assembly includes: a rotating shaft connected between the front end cover and the rear end cover; the rotor is arranged between the rotating shaft and the stator assembly and sleeved on the rotating shaft.

Optionally, an opening is provided at an end of the front end cover away from the rear end cover, and the rotating shaft passes through an end of the opening of the front end cover and is inserted into an end surface of the rear end cover away from the opening, The rotating shaft can rotate relative to the front end cover and the rear end cover.

Optionally, a gap between the rotor and the rotating shaft is configured to form an air gap.

Optionally, the control assembly includes: a control board, which is arranged on one end of the stator assembly; a first AC switch, which is arranged on the control board, and one end is connected to the first winding and the second winding; and the second AC switch is arranged on the control board , One end is electrically connected to the other end of the first AC switch, and the other end of the second AC switch is electrically connected to the second winding.

Optionally, a processor and a memory are provided on the control component, and the memory is configured to store an executable program.

The beneficial effects of the permanent magnet synchronous motor provided by the present application include at least: the stator windings arranged on the stator assembly can accelerate the starting speed of the rotor assembly when the control assembly controls the motor to be energized, and enter into synchronous rotation faster.

In the above implementation process, when the motor is powered on, the control component collects the AC input voltage signal and the rotor position signal in real time. When these two signals meet certain conditions, the control component controls the stator winding to conduct, and then continuously detects and matches the AC voltage And the rotor position, the drive motor continuously rotates, the motor speed gradually increases to the synchronous operation speed, and the motor enters the synchronous operation state.

The embodiment of the present disclosure provides a motor starting method, which is applied to the permanent magnet synchronous motor of any one of the above embodiments, and includes: controlling the first AC switch to be turned on and the second AC switch to be turned off; and at the same time obtaining the AC input of the motor The voltage information and the initial position information of the rotor; determine whether the AC input voltage information and the initial position information meet the first preset condition at the same time; when the AC input voltage information and the initial position information meet the first preset condition at the same time, maintain the two switches Open and close state; obtain the rotational speed of the rotor; determine whether the rotational speed meets the second preset condition; when it is determined that the rotational speed meets the second preset condition, control the first AC switch to be turned off and the second AC switch to turn on.

Optionally, the controlling the first AC switch to turn on and the second AC switch to turn off includes:

When the permanent magnet synchronous motor is started, it needs to be energized, and it is configured so that the stator winding forms a unidirectional rotating magnetic field in the air gap under the action of alternating current, and is configured to cause the rotor to start rotating;

When the first AC switch is individually turned on, the starting current of the permanent magnet synchronous motor and the current density of the first winding are increased, and the starting torque of the rotor is configured to increase, and the time for it to reach the synchronous speed is reduced.

Optionally, the obtaining the AC input voltage information of the motor includes: when the AC input to the motor is a single-phase AC power, the AC input voltage is a single-phase sine wave.

Optionally, the obtaining the initial position information of the rotor includes: the position information of the rotor is configured to be the current polarity of the rotor.

Optionally, the judging whether the rotation speed meets the second preset condition further includes:

The synchronization state is judged according to the rotation speed; wherein, the second preset condition is that the current rotation speed reaches the proportional range of the target rotation speed.

Optionally, after determining whether the AC input voltage information and the initial position information satisfy the first preset condition at the same time, the method further includes: when the AC input voltage information and the initial position information do not satisfy the first preset condition, controlling the first AC switch disconnect.

Optionally, after determining whether the rotation speed meets the second preset condition, the method further includes: when it is determined that the rotation speed does not meet the second preset condition, maintaining the open and closed states of the two switches until the rotation speed meets the second preset condition.

Optionally, the maintaining the open and closed states of the two switches until the rotation speed meets the second preset condition further includes:

Continue to detect the speed of the rotor during the starting process until the speed meets the conditions for entering synchronization.

Other features and advantages of the present disclosure will be described in detail in the following specific embodiments.

Description of the drawings

In order to explain the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present disclosure more clearly, the following will briefly introduce the drawings that need to be used in the embodiments. It should be understood that the following drawings only show certain embodiments of the present disclosure, and therefore do not It should be regarded as a limitation of the scope. For those of ordinary skill in the art, other related drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative work.

Fig. 1 is a cross-sectional view of a permanent magnet synchronous motor provided by an embodiment of the present disclosure;

Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the stator assembly shown in Fig. 1;

Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of the installation of the stator winding shown in Fig. 1;

Fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of the installation of the first winding shown in Fig. 2;

Fig. 5 is a schematic diagram of the installation of the second winding shown in Fig. 2;

Fig. 6 is a circuit diagram of the permanent magnet synchronous motor shown in Fig. 1;

Fig. 7 is a motor starting method provided by an embodiment of the present disclosure;

Fig. 8 is another motor starting method provided by an embodiment of the present disclosure;

Fig. 9 is another motor starting method provided by an embodiment of the present disclosure.

Icon: 1-motor; 10-chassis; 11-front cover; 12-rear cover;

20-stator assembly; 21-stator frame; 22-spacer; 23-stator pole;

30-stator winding; 31-first winding; 32-second winding;

40-rotor assembly; 41-rotation shaft; 42-rotor;

50-control component; 51-first AC switch; 52-second AC switch.

Detailed ways

In order to make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of the present disclosure clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present disclosure will be described clearly and completely in conjunction with the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present disclosure. Obviously, the described embodiments are part of the embodiments of the present disclosure, rather than all of the embodiments. The components of the embodiments of the present disclosure generally described and illustrated in the drawings herein may be arranged and designed in various different configurations.

In the description of the present disclosure, it should be noted that the orientation or positional relationship indicated by the terms "inner" and "outer" is based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, or is habitually placed when the disclosed product is used. The orientation or positional relationship is only for the convenience of describing the present disclosure and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore cannot be construed as a limitation of the present disclosure. In addition, the terms "first", "second", etc. are only used for distinguishing description, and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance.

In the description of the present disclosure, it should also be noted that, unless otherwise clearly defined and limited, the terms "set" and "connection" should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it may be a fixed connection or a detachable connection, or Integrally connected; it can be directly connected, or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, and it can be the internal communication between two components. For those of ordinary skill in the art, the specific meanings of the above-mentioned terms in the present disclosure can be understood in specific situations.

FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view of a permanent magnet synchronous motor 1 provided by an embodiment of the present disclosure. The permanent magnet synchronous motor 1 includes a casing 10, a stator assembly 20, a stator winding 30, a rotor assembly 40 and a control assembly 50. Wherein, a cavity is formed inside the casing 10, which can be configured to accommodate various components in the casing 10.

Optionally, the stator assembly 20 is provided on the inner wall of the cavity inside the casing 10. The stator winding 30 is connected to the stator assembly 20. The rotor assembly 40 is arranged on the side of the stator assembly 20 opposite to the inner wall of the casing 10. The control assembly 50 is arranged on one end surface of the stator assembly 20 and is configured to control the power on and off of the motor 1. The permanent magnet synchronous motor 1 can control the conduction form of the stator winding 30 under the action of its built-in control assembly 50, and is configured so that the permanent magnet synchronous motor 1 is energized between the stator assembly 20 and the rotor assembly 40. The air gap forms a magnetic field, which enables the rotor assembly 40 to rotate under the force of the magnetic field.

Optionally, the power supply of the permanent magnet synchronous motor 1 may be a single input AC power, and its voltage may be 110V or 220V.

Optionally, the casing 10 includes a front cover 11 and a rear cover 12, wherein the connection between the front cover 11 and the rear cover 12 can be in multiple ways, such as: snap connection, threaded connection, rigid connection, sleeve Wherein, the front end cover 11 and the rear end cover 12 can be connected to form the casing 10 through at least one or more of a snap connection, a threaded connection, a rigid connection, and a socket connection.

Optionally, the rotor assembly 40 includes a rotating shaft 41 and a rotor 42. Wherein, the rotating shaft 41 is connected between the front end cover 11 and the rear end cover 12. The rotor 42 is sleeved on the rotating shaft 41, and a gap is left between the rotating shaft 41 and the stator assembly 20 and between the stator assembly 20 to form an air gap. In this embodiment, the number of rotor poles of the rotor 42 and the number of stator poles 23 need to be the same, and the logarithm is also the same.

Optionally, an end of the front end cover 11 away from the rear end cover 12 is provided with an opening, the rotation shaft 41 passes through an end of the opening of the front end cover 11 and is inserted into an end surface of the back end cover 12 away from the opening, and the rotation shaft 41 can be opposite to the front end cover. 11 and the rear cover 12 rotate.

It should be noted that the front end cover 11 through the opening and the shaft 41 can be rotatably connected by a structure such as a bearing, and the rear end cover 12 is provided with a slot on the end face away from the opening. The shaft 41 can also be connected to the rear through a structure such as a bearing. The card slot of the end cover 12 is connected in rotation.

2 is a schematic diagram of the stator assembly 20 shown in FIG. 1. The stator assembly 20 includes a stator frame 21. Optionally, the stator assembly 20 also includes stator poles 23 and spacers 22; the outer frame of the stator frame 21 is in a ring structure The stator poles 23 and the spacers 22 are both located inside the outer frame of the stator frame 21, and the stator poles 23 are connected to the outer frame of the stator frame 21 through the spacers 22.

Optionally, there are a plurality of spacers 22, the stator poles 23 are arranged corresponding to the number of spacers 22, the plurality of spacers 22 are arranged at equal intervals along the edge of the outer frame and the inner ring of the stator frame 21, and the plurality of spacers 22 are respectively connected to the outer frame of the stator frame 21; any two spacers 22 form a slot configured to pass through the first winding 31.

Among them, the stator poles 23 adopt arc-shaped plates, a plurality of arc-shaped plates are arranged in a circular arc in the same circle, a circular ring with a gap arrangement is formed by using a plurality of arc-shaped plates, and the circular ring formed by the stator poles 23 and the stator The rings of the outer frame structure of the skeleton 21 are arranged concentrically.

Optionally, the stator pole 23, the spacer 22 and the stator frame 21 can be fixed by welding, riveting, etc. Preferably, the stator pole 23, the spacer 22 and the stator frame 21 are formed by integral stamping.

The stator assembly 20 includes a stator frame 21. Since the stator frame 21 adopts a ring structure, the stator frame 21 is connected from the outside to the inside with spacers 22. One end of the spacer 22 is connected to the outer frame of the stator assembly 20, and the other end is provided with stator poles. twenty three. There are a plurality of spacers 22, and a slot can be formed between the spacers 22 and the spacers 22. As shown in the embodiment shown in Fig. 2, the stator assembly 20 can be a four-slot four-pole design. Optionally, the stator frame 21, the spacer 22 and the stator pole 23 are integrally stamped and manufactured.

3, 4, and 5 are schematic diagrams of the installation of the stator winding 30 shown in FIG. 1. The stator winding 30 includes a first winding 31 and a second winding 32. Wherein, the first winding 31 is arranged around the inner ring of the stator frame 21, and one end is connected to an external power source. The second winding 32 is arranged around the outer ring of the stator frame 21, and one end is connected to an external power source.

It should be noted that the inner ring of the first winding 31 surrounding the stator frame 21 means that the first winding 31 surrounds the outside of the stator frame 21 and the spacer 22 connected, in other words, the first winding 31 surrounds the outside of the spacer 22 ; The second winding 32 surrounds the outer frame of the stator frame 21.

Optionally, one end of the second winding 32 is connected to an external power source, and the other end is wound around any spacer 22 for several turns, and it can follow the extension direction of the stator frame 21 in a clockwise or counterclockwise order until it reaches the next spacer. After 22 and wind several turns, after winding all the spacers 22 in turn, the other end of the second winding 31 is connected to one end of the first winding 31, and the other end of the first winding 31 is separated in the reverse order of the second winding 32 The sheets 22 are wound in sequence. After the first winding 31 is wound around the spacer 22 for several turns, it is wound along the extension direction of the stator pole 23 to the next spacer 22 for several turns, and is connected to an external power source. In this embodiment, alternating current is connected between one end of the first winding 31 and the other end of the second winding 32.

Fig. 6 is a circuit diagram of the permanent magnet synchronous motor 1 shown in Fig. 1. The control component 50 includes a control board, a first AC switch 51 and a second AC switch 52. Wherein, the control board is arranged on one end face of the stator assembly 20; it should be noted that one end face of the stator assembly 20 is provided with an end face in the inner cavity near the back end cover, and the control board is connected to the end face; the first AC switch 51 is set On the control board, one end is electrically connected to the first winding 31 and the second winding 32, and the other end is electrically connected to the second AC switch 52; the second AC switch 52 is arranged on the control board, and one end is electrically connected to the first AC switch 51 , The other end is electrically connected to the second winding 32.

Fig. 7 is a motor starting method provided by an embodiment of the present disclosure, which is applied to the control of the permanent magnet synchronous motor 1 described above. Optionally, a processor and a memory may be provided on the control component 50, the memory is configured to store an executable program, and the processor may be configured to execute the program. Wherein, the control component 50 is configured to control the motor 1 to enter the synchronous speed operation process after the motor 1 is successfully started based on the AC input voltage information and the on-off conditions of the first AC switch 51 and the second AC switch 52 during the startup of the motor 1. The specific execution steps of the control component 50:

Step 701 controls the first AC switch 51 to be turned on and the second AC switch 52 to turn off; step 702 obtains the AC input voltage information of the motor 1; step 703 obtains the initial position of the rotor 42 while obtaining the AC input voltage information of the motor 1 Information; Step 704 determines whether the AC input voltage information and the initial position information satisfy the first preset condition at the same time; Step 705 obtains the rotation speed of the rotor 42; Step 706 determines whether the rotation speed meets the second preset condition; Step 707 When it is determined that the rotation speed meets the second In the preset condition, the first AC switch 51 is controlled to be turned off, and the second AC switch 52 is turned on.

Specifically, in step 701, when the permanent magnet synchronous motor 1 is started, it needs to be energized, and it is configured such that the stator winding 30 forms a unidirectional rotating magnetic field in the air gap between the shaft and the rotor under the action of alternating current. The rotor 42 starts to rotate under the action of the magnetic field force. When the first AC switch 51 is turned on alone, the starting current of the permanent magnet synchronous motor 1 and the current density of the first winding 31 will both increase, so that the starting torque of the rotor 42 is increased, and the time for it to reach the synchronous speed can be reduced.

In this step of step 702, when the AC input to the motor 1 is a single-phase AC, the AC input voltage may be a single-phase sine wave.

In the step of step 703, the position information of the rotor 42 may be the current polarity of the rotor 42.

In this step of step 704, in order to achieve a safe start, only when the AC input voltage information and the initial position information reach the preset conditions at the same time, the rotation speed synchronization will continue.

In addition, when the AC input voltage information and the initial position information satisfy the first preset condition at the same time, the open and closed states of the two switches are maintained.

Optionally, the position information is rotor magnetic pole information, and the first preset condition is that the magnetic pole information changes simultaneously with the direction of the AC input voltage and current. In the above steps, the AC input voltage information and the initial position information need to meet the first preset condition at the same time, and the current state is always maintained, and the synchronization is always continued.

In the step of step 705, the rotation speed of the rotor 42 is acquired, and it is configured to determine whether the current motor 1 has reached the synchronization state.

In step 706, the synchronization state is judged according to the rotation speed. The second preset condition is that the current rotation speed reaches the proportional range of the target rotation speed. In one embodiment, the second preset condition may be that the current rotation speed is 70% of the target rotation speed when the motor 1 enters the synchronization state.

In the step of step 707, after the rotation speed of the motor 1 reaches 70% of the synchronous rotation speed, it is switched to a mode where the first winding 31 and the second winding 32 are connected in series, and the permanent magnet synchronous motor 1 smoothly enters the synchronous rotation speed operation state.

8 is a motor starting method provided by an embodiment of the present disclosure, wherein the control component 50 is configured to according to the AC input voltage information, the first AC switch 51 and the second AC switch 52 during the startup process of the motor 1 , Control the process of motor 1 self-protection after starting failure. The specific execution steps of the control component 50:

In step 801, the first AC switch 51 is controlled to be turned on, and the second AC switch 52 is turned off.

Step 802 obtains the AC input voltage information of the motor 1.

Step 803 obtains the initial position information of the rotor 42.

Step 804 determines whether the AC input voltage information and the initial position information satisfy the first preset condition at the same time.

It should be noted that the steps 801 to 804 provided in this embodiment are the same as the steps of step 701 to step 704 provided in the foregoing embodiment, and will not be repeated here.

Step 805: When the AC input voltage information and the initial position information do not meet the first preset condition, control the first AC switch 51 to turn off.

In this step, in order to prevent damage to the permanent magnet synchronous motor 1 and safety during starting, once the starting fails, the power supply to the first winding 31 is immediately disconnected.

9 is a motor starting method provided by an embodiment of the present disclosure, wherein the control component 50 is configured to according to the AC input voltage information, the first AC switch 51 and the second AC switch 52 during the startup process of the motor 1 , Control motor 1 to restart.

In step 901, the first AC switch 51 is controlled to be turned on, and the second AC switch 52 is turned off.

Step 902 obtains AC input voltage information of the motor 1.

Step 903 obtains the initial position information of the rotor 42.

Step 904 determines whether the AC input voltage information and the initial position information satisfy the first preset condition at the same time.

Step 905 obtains the rotational speed of the rotor 42.

Step 906 determines whether the rotation speed meets the second preset condition.

It should be noted that the steps 901 to 906 provided in this embodiment are the same as the steps 701 to 706 provided in the foregoing embodiment, and will not be repeated here.

Optionally, when it is determined that the rotation speed does not meet the second preset condition, the on and off states of the two switches need to be maintained until the rotation speed can meet the second preset condition.

In this step, the rotation speed of the rotor 42 during the starting process is continuously detected until the rotation speed meets the conditions for entering synchronization.

The above descriptions are only preferred embodiments of the present disclosure, and are not used to limit the present disclosure. For those skilled in the art, the present disclosure may have various modifications and changes. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present disclosure shall be included in the protection scope of the present disclosure.

Industrial applicability

The embodiment of the present disclosure provides a permanent magnet synchronous motor and a motor starting method. The stator windings arranged on the stator assembly can accelerate the starting speed of the rotor assembly when the control assembly controls the motor to be energized, and enter synchronous rotation faster.

Claims

A permanent magnet synchronous motor, which is characterized in that it comprises

A casing, a cavity is formed inside the casing;

The stator assembly is arranged on the inner wall of the cavity inside the casing;

The stator winding is connected and arranged on the stator assembly;

The rotor assembly is arranged on the inner wall of the stator assembly opposite to the casing;

The control component is arranged on one end surface of the stator component and is configured to control the power on and off of the motor.
The permanent magnet synchronous motor according to claim 1, wherein the stator assembly includes a stator frame.
The permanent magnet synchronous motor according to claim 2, wherein the stator winding comprises:

The first winding is arranged around the inner ring of the stator frame, and one end is connected to an external power source;

The second winding is arranged around the outer ring of the stator frame, and one end is connected to an external power source.
The permanent magnet synchronous motor according to claim 3, wherein the stator assembly further comprises stator poles and spacers;

The outer frame of the stator frame is in a ring structure, the stator poles and spacers are located inside the outer frame of the stator frame, and the stator poles are connected to the outer frame of the stator frame through the spacers .
The permanent magnet synchronous motor according to claim 4, wherein a plurality of the spacers are provided, the stator poles are arranged corresponding to the number of the spacers, and the plurality of spacers are arranged along the stator The edges of the outer frame and inner ring of the frame are arranged at equal intervals, and a plurality of the spacers are respectively connected with the outer frame of the stator frame;

A slot configured to pass through the first winding is formed between any two of the spacers.
The permanent magnet synchronous motor according to any one of claims 3-5, wherein the other end of the first winding is connected to the other end of the second winding.
The permanent magnet synchronous motor according to any one of claims 1-6, wherein the casing comprises:

Front end cover

The rear end cover is connected with the front end cover by a snap to form the casing.
The permanent magnet synchronous motor according to claim 7, wherein the rotor assembly comprises:

The rotating shaft is connected between the front end cover and the rear end cover;

The rotor is arranged between the rotating shaft and the stator assembly, and sleeved on the rotating shaft.
The permanent magnet synchronous motor according to claim 8, wherein an opening is provided at one end of the front end cover away from the rear end cover, and the rotating shaft passes through one end of the opening of the front end cover and is inserted in the end cover. The rear end cover is away from an end surface of the opening, and the rotating shaft can rotate relative to the front end cover and the rear end cover.
The permanent magnet synchronous motor according to claim 8 or 9, characterized in that a gap between the rotor and the rotating shaft is configured to form an air gap.
The permanent magnet synchronous motor according to any one of claims 6-10, wherein the control component comprises:

The control board is arranged on one end surface of the stator assembly;

The first AC switch is arranged on the control board, and one end is connected to the first winding and the second winding;

The second AC switch is arranged on the control board, one end is electrically connected to the other end of the first AC switch, and the other end of the second AC switch is electrically connected to the second winding.
The permanent magnet synchronous motor according to claim 11, wherein a processor and a memory are provided on the control component, and the memory is configured to store an executable program.
A method for starting a motor, which should be configured as the permanent magnet synchronous motor according to any one of claims 1-12, characterized in that it comprises:

Controlling the first AC switch to turn on and the second AC switch to turn off;

Obtain the AC input voltage information of the motor and the initial position information of the rotor at the same time;

Judging whether the AC input voltage information and the initial position information simultaneously satisfy a first preset condition;

When the AC input voltage information and the initial position information satisfy the first preset condition at the same time, maintaining the open and closed states of the two switches;

Obtaining the rotational speed of the rotor;

Judging whether the rotation speed meets a second preset condition;

When it is determined that the rotation speed satisfies the second preset condition, the first AC switch is controlled to be turned off, and the second AC switch is turned on.
The method according to claim 13, wherein the controlling the first AC switch to turn on and the second AC switch to turn off comprises:

When the permanent magnet synchronous motor is started, it needs to be energized, and it is configured so that the stator winding forms a unidirectional rotating magnetic field in the air gap under the action of alternating current, and is configured to cause the rotor to start rotating;

When the first AC switch is individually turned on, the starting current of the permanent magnet synchronous motor and the current density of the first winding are increased, and the starting torque of the rotor is configured to increase, and the time for it to reach the synchronous speed is reduced.
The method according to claim 13 or 14, wherein the obtaining the AC input voltage information of the motor comprises: when the AC input to the motor is a single-phase AC power, the AC input voltage is a single-phase sine wave.
The method according to any one of claims 13-15, wherein the obtaining the initial position information of the rotor comprises: the position information of the rotor is configured to be the current polarity of the rotor.
The method according to any one of claims 13-16, wherein the judging whether the rotation speed satisfies a second preset condition further comprises:

The synchronization state is judged according to the rotation speed; wherein, the second preset condition is that the current rotation speed reaches the proportional range of the target rotation speed.
The method according to any one of claims 13-17, wherein after the determining whether the AC input voltage information and the initial position information satisfy a first preset condition at the same time, the method further comprises:

When the AC input voltage information and the initial position information do not meet the first preset condition, controlling the first AC switch to turn off.
The method according to claim 18, wherein after the determining whether the rotation speed meets a second preset condition, the method further comprises:

When it is determined that the rotation speed does not meet the second preset condition, the on and off states of the two switches are maintained until the rotation speed meets the second preset condition.
The method according to claim 19, wherein the maintaining the open and closed states of the two switches until the rotation speed meets the second preset condition further comprises:

Continue to detect the speed of the rotor during the starting process until the speed meets the conditions for entering synchronization.