KR100418557B1 - The method and apparatus for heating and unheated system - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention is largely divided into the outdoor unit (A) and the indoor unit (C), consisting of, the main components of the heating and cooling, the outdoor unit is a one-stage high-pressure expansion to adiabatic expansion and expansion of the liquid refrigerant of medium temperature and high pressure to a low temperature low pressure liquid refrigerant The refrigerant is transferred to the gas or liquid by latent heat absorbed or discharged by evaporating or condensing the refrigerant transferred from the valve D1 and the two-stage low pressure expansion valve D2 and the two-stage low pressure expansion valve D2 and the compressor B. It consists of an outdoor heat exchanger (A) to change the phase of the furnace and a compressor (B) to compress the refrigerant gas passing through the heat exchangers (A, C) into a gas of high temperature and high pressure, and the indoor unit is a two-stage low pressure expansion valve ( D3) and an indoor heat exchanger (C) which provides or takes away the latent heat to the room by evaporating or condensing the refrigerant transferred from the two-stage low pressure expansion valve (D3) or the compressor (B). To the inlet of compressor (B) with heat exchanger (A) Was treated every pipe electric heating coil or electric heating pipes, to a high efficiency Cooling & Heating and cooling and heating method using the same is configured to composite the gas refrigerant By-Pass pipe of the high-temperature high-pressure portion from the outdoor compressor (B).

Description

High efficiency air conditioner and cooling and heating method using the same {The method and apparatus for heating and unheated system}

The present invention relates to a high-efficiency air conditioner mixed with a heater and an air conditioner, and a cooling and heating method using the same. In brief, the present invention provides a method for enabling a normal air conditioning operation by changing a pressure and a temperature of a refrigerant circulated during an air conditioning operation to an optimal state. The present invention relates to a high efficiency air conditioner in which a heater and an air conditioner are mixed, and a cooling and heating method using the same.

Up to now, the existing (domestic and foreign) heat pump air-conditioning method in the air-conditioning unit using refrigerant directly, and the engine driving system using gas, diesel, and kerosene as the fuel driving method (electric constant speed type, pole change type, inverter type) using electricity Type compression method has been released and used.

Korean Patent Publication No. 248719 discloses a compressor for compressing a refrigerant and forcibly circulating the refrigerant in a refrigerant cycle including an indoor heat exchanger, a four-sided side, an expansion side, a receiver, a liquid separator, the receiver and a liquid separator. The air-conditioner cycle is composed of a bypass pipe for connecting the, and a refrigerant control means and a heater installed in the bypass pipe,

In Korean Laid-Open Patent Publication No. 99-14403, the inlet port of the first cylinder is connected to the aerator, the exhaust port of the first cylinder is connected to the inlet port of the second cylinder, and the exhaust port of the second cylinder is connected to the condenser. There is described a compressor for a cooler or a freezer, which has a compression chamber volume gradually decreasing in communication with each other and compresses a refrigerant in multiple stages.

Publication No. 98-24625 discloses a first cooling process in an external cooling cylinder, consisting of a double wall having an opening vertically, accommodating a Chinese medicine, and having a predetermined space in an essential temperature gradient multistage chiller. And a second cooling process is performed in a vertical pipe installed on a substantially coaxial shaft in the outer cooling cylinder, and a third cooling process is performed in a third cooling process in the inner cooling cylinder penetrating the vertical pipe. It is

In Korean Patent Application Publication No. 2000-24793, an air conditioner without an outdoor unit (aka: window type, constant speed ON / OFF detachable type) passes through a capillary and is sucked into the compressor by an electric heating wire or a condenser in a low compression line. There is no outdoor unit that prevents supercooling of refrigerant gas by returning heat from the condensation hot air generated by the fan or the high pressure line branching from the high pressure side line constituting the condenser to the outer periphery of the low compression line connected to the compressor. Low pressure refrigerant temperature riser of the air conditioner is described,

The Korean Utility Model Registration No. 130652 has an evaporation unit in which an absorption liquid and a condensation refrigerant contact the inside and outside of a heating and cooling unit of a heat pipe, and an operating medium for connecting the opposite side out of the cooling and heating unit to cool the absorption heat and the condensation heat using air. Compact absorption type using heat pipe which inserts enclosed heat pipe from the air conditioner side and arranges the cooling fin so as to have a wide contact area outside the heat pipe not inserted in air conditioner, and cools the cooling fin and the side pipe with suctioned cooling air. The air conditioner is open to the public,

In Publication No. 2000-32356, one compressor is used, and the mixed refrigerant including the first, second and third refrigerants is sequentially evaporated to generate ultra low temperature by evaporation of the third refrigerant in the evaporator. The vaporized gas is described as a cryogenic multi-stage refrigeration unit to recover the compressor again,

Such conventional technologies and products currently on the market have a small amount of heat absorbed from the outside air when the outside air temperature gradually decreases during the heating operation, and mainly depends on the heat of compression of the compressor, and eventually the heating load (mainly the compressor) becomes large (compressor). Dedicated to pain) Consumption of energy (electricity, gas, oil, etc.) increases, and in the case of electric drive compression method, constant speed type (220V, 1Φ, 60HZ) is near 0 ℃ ~ -3 ℃, and pole change (220V, 1Φ, 60HZ) type -2 ℃ ~ -4 ℃, inverter type (220V or 380V, 3Φ, 30HZ ~ 130HZ) overload the compressor near -10 ℃ [Refrigerant in some liquid state (low temperature low pressure gas and liquid) Inflow into the compressor], the efficiency drops sharply, and if the outside temperature is gradually lowered, the compressor is in a dangerous state, and in the case of gas and oil engine driven compression, the compressor is overloaded and near -20 ° C near -15 ° C. Dangerous condition in the vicinity In the same state as the electric inverter type.

In addition, the frost occurs frequently in the outdoor unit heat exchanger evaporator when the outside air temperature is around 0 ℃ ~ -5 ℃ during the heating operation (water vapor generated by condensation due to the contact of the low temperature refrigerant evaporator with the outside air freezes). It is necessary to separate the defrosting operation to prevent latent heat from being removed.

To this end, in the case of the electric drive compression method, by bypassing a portion of the gas refrigerant tube of the high temperature and high pressure state exiting the compressor (by-pass) to remove frost by the latent heat of condensation discharged through the evaporator of the outdoor unit heat exchanger, Although it is connected to an accumulator, the defrosting operation must be stopped for the main operation after achieving the purpose of defrosting due to the refrigerant pressure and temperature difference between the liquid separator and the main operation and the defrosting operation simultaneously. There is a drawback that it is impossible to operate the vehicle, and the main operation must be stopped and defrosting is performed separately for 5-10 minutes during repeated operation or during the main operation.

In the case of gas engine driving compression system, it bypasses high temperature gas engine array (exhaust gas, cooling water heat) and passes through the outdoor unit heat exchanger evaporator to remove frost, supply latent absorption heat, and use it well -15 ℃ From the vicinity, there has been a problem that the efficiency drops rapidly (because the phase change of the refrigerant is unstable at the time of the decrease in the outside air temperature, which is unsafe).

Recently, the electric inverter type air conditioner and gas engine driven air conditioner adopting a drive control unit using a digital circuit minimizes energy consumption such as electricity and gas with automatic control technology to control the increase and decrease of the driving load according to the change of the outside temperature and the room temperature. In addition to heating and heating, the heating and cooling effect has been increased, and the life of the equipment has been extended.However, the outside air temperature in the winter falls below -10 ℃ after day and night below zero (0 ℃) due to failure to overcome the above limitations during heating (2000). In December and January 2001, the lowest temperature in Seoul is -23 ℃. In Korea, there have been problems in use due to the exposure of defects such as the interruption of heating operation.

During the cooling operation, the low temperature side is operated at the image (mostly 18 ℃ or higher), so the refrigerant evaporates near -40 ℃ ~ -44 ℃ at atmospheric pressure (1Kg / ㎠). Since the low temperature is always above the phase change limit of the refrigerant in the heat extraction from the high temperature side and the high temperature side is removed, conventional compressors have been developed without major problems because they absorb a lot of heat from the low temperature side and have a small compression load dedicated to the compressor. It is operating until.

However, there is a limit to the cooling speed that reaches the set temperature of the room at the time of actual cooling, and there is a limit due to the increase of the cooling load even at the low temperature set temperature of the room. There have been limitations in operating efficiency and cooling speed such as increase.

In order to improve this, during heating, the coolant between the evaporator (A) and the evaporator (A) and the compressor (B) to supply more heat and remove frost in the evaporation process (A) when the outside temperature is lowered. The existing defrost cloud connected to the electric heating line and the heat piping process and part of the high temperature and high pressure refrigerant gas at the exit of the compressor (B) by passing through the evaporator (A) and then connected to the liquid separator (6). Previously, a method of connecting a dedicated refrigerant pipe to the main refrigerant pipe in the first stage of the first stage high pressure expansion valve (D1) without connecting the liquid refrigerant tube 6 has been filed (application number: 10-2001-14021).

In order to solve the above problems, the present invention is operated normally even under the ambient temperature -30 ℃ during heating operation, low frequency (30HZ ~ 90HZ) in the case of the electric inverter type, low rotation in the case of gas and oil engine type Economical operation in the range of rpm, economical operation at the same time, and at the same time, the speed of reaching the indoor set temperature is increased and the limit of the minimum set temperature limit is widened. It is an object of the present invention to provide a high-efficiency air conditioner and a method of cooling and heating using a cooler and a heater that are rapidly cooled and heated by switching to low speed operation using a (digital) circuit, thereby greatly saving energy simultaneously.

1 is a flow chart of a conventional air conditioner heating cycle

2 is a flow chart of a conventional air conditioner air conditioning cycle

3 is a high efficiency heating cycle flow chart of the present invention

4 is a high efficiency cooling cycle flow chart of the present invention

5 is a block diagram of an inverter heat pump cycle using the high efficiency air conditioner of the present invention

Figure 6 high-efficiency air-conditioner gas and diesel, kerosene engine heat of the present invention

Pump Cycle Diagram

7 is a detailed view of piping heating coil processing between compressor inlets including the outdoor unit evaporator.

8 is a detailed view of the electric heating pipe piping between the outdoor unit evaporator and the compressor inlet

9 is a detailed configuration diagram of the multi-stage expansion valve piping of the present invention

Fig. 10 Basic diagram of Rankine cycle in heating and cooling

Figure 11 Rankine cycle T-S diagram when heating of the present invention

Fig. 12 Rankine cycle P-h diagram at the time of heating of this invention

Figure 13 Rankine cycle T-S diagram at the time of cooling of the present invention

Figure 14 Rankine cycle P-h diagram at the time of cooling of the present invention

<Explanation of symbols for the main parts of the drawings>

Drive control unit (1), electronic expansion valve (2, 2 ', 2' '), refrigerant filler receiver tank (3), supercooler (4), outdoor heat exchanger (5), liquid separator (6), temperature sensor (8,13,15,16), Four-way valve (7), Inverter compressor (9), Indoor heat exchanger (10), Indoor temperature sensor (11), Outdoor temperature sensor (12), Silencer (14), Compressor drive Engine 17, aluminum fin 20, electric coil 21, heat insulating cover 22, heating pipe 23, the first and second branch pipes (25, 26), outdoor vaporization (condensation) part (A ), Compressor (B), indoor condensation (evaporation) section (C), multistage expansion (D1, D2, D3), three-way valve (a, b, c, d), two-stage low pressure expansion valve (D2, D3) , Single stage high pressure expansion valve (D1),

In order to achieve the above object, the present invention is all composed of an outdoor unit and an indoor unit, the main configuration of the combined heating and cooling,

1. The outdoor unit uses the (A) side two-stage low pressure using the one-stage high-pressure expansion valve (D1) and the three-way valve (a, b) of FIG. 9 to adiabaticly expand the medium-temperature and high-pressure liquid refrigerant to a low-temperature low-pressure liquid refrigerant. Evaporation or condensation of the expansion valve (D2) and the refrigerant transferred from the two-stage low pressure expansion valve (D2) and the compressor (B) to evaporate or condense the outdoor air to condense the refrigerant into gas or liquid (condensation). Compressor (B) and the compressor (B) for compressing the refrigerant gas passing through the unit (A), the outdoor air evaporation (condensation) unit (A) and the indoor air condensation (evaporation) unit (C) to a gas of high temperature and high pressure ( It consists of a four-way valve (7) for switching the operation direction of the high-temperature and high-pressure refrigerant gas from B) by cooling or heating operation,

The indoor unit condenses the refrigerant transferred from the (b) side two-stage low pressure expansion valve D3 using the three-way valves c and d of FIG. 9, and the compressor B and the two-stage low pressure expansion valve D3. Or it consists of an indoor air condensation (evaporation) part (C) to provide or absorb latent heat to the room by the evaporation, the two-stage low-pressure expansion valve (D3) is a multi-type of two or more indoor units in one (1) air-conditioning cycle If it is installed in each indoor unit, the indoor unit entrance or the main pipe before the branch point,

Compressor (B) including the outdoor air evaporation (condensation) unit and the indoor air condensation (evaporation) unit (A, C), which increase the evaporation and condensation unit area by 10 to 20%, and only used for heating (outdoor air heat exchanger (A)). The electric heating coil 21 and the heating tube 23, which are wound around the refrigerant pipe up to the inlet or embedded in the pipe, and defrost and supply heat, and a portion of the high-temperature, high-pressure gas refrigerant pipe leaving the compression section B. Branch (extending the bypass tube) to pass through the lower part of the evaporator of the evaporator (A) to remove the frost generated in the evaporator (A), and to supply the latent heat absorbed, and then the first stage high pressure expansion valve Before (D1), that is, a high efficiency air conditioner comprising a branch pipe (bypass pipe) connected to a liquid refrigerant pipe of medium and high pressure.

In the present invention, when the air conditioner using the four-way valve (7), the outdoor unit is a one-stage high-pressure expansion valve (D1) and a two-stage low-pressure expansion valve for expanding the liquid refrigerant of the medium temperature and high pressure by one stage and two stages to change into a liquid refrigerant of low temperature and low pressure ( D2) and the outdoor vaporization (condensation) unit (A) for phase-changing the refrigerant with latent heat absorbed or released by evaporating or condensing the refrigerant transferred from the two-stage low pressure expansion valve (D2) and the compressor (B) through a capillary tube. C) [Outdoor evaporation (condensation) part A acts as an evaporation part during heating, and the indoor air condensation (evaporation) part C acts as an evaporation part when cooling.] And the low-temperature low-pressure gas transferred from the outdoor unit and the indoor unit is compressed. Compressor (B) for converting the gas into a high temperature and high pressure gas, the indoor unit condensation or evaporation of the two-stage low pressure expansion valve (D3), and the refrigerant transferred from the compressor (B) and expansion valve (D1, D3) Indoor condensation (evaporation) sections (A, C) to provide or absorb latent heat of condensation indoors Evaporation (condensation) section (A), the indoor unit condensation (evaporation) section (C) is converted to a condensation unit when heating] (If the two-stage low pressure expansion valve (D3) is a multi-type of two or more indoor units The present invention relates to a high-efficiency air conditioner in which a heater and an air conditioner are installed in each indoor unit, an indoor unit inlet or a main pipe before a branch point, and a cooling and heating method using the same.

2. When combined with heating and cooling [When using only (b) valve device (c, d, D3) and piping]

The outdoor unit evaporates the refrigerant transferred from the first stage high pressure expansion valve (D1) and the compressor (B) and the first stage high pressure expansion valve (D1) for adiabatic expansion of the medium temperature high pressure liquid refrigerant to a low temperature low pressure liquid refrigerant. Alternatively, the outdoor air evaporation (condensation) unit (A), the outdoor air evaporation (condensation) unit (A), and the indoor air condensation (evaporation) unit (C) which condense and phase change the refrigerant into gas or liquid by latent heat absorbed or released. Compressor (B) for compressing the refrigerant gas passing through the gas into a high temperature and high pressure gas, and a four-way valve (7) for changing the direction of the high temperature and high pressure refrigerant gas from the compressor (B) by cooling or heating operation. The indoor unit evaporates or condenses the refrigerant transferred from the (b) side two-stage low pressure expansion valve (D3) and the three-way valve (c, d) and the two-stage low pressure expansion valve (D3) or the compressor (B). It consists of an indoor unit (condensation) evaporator (C) that absorbs or provides latent heat to the room. .

At this time, except for the main straight pipe in the drawing, (a) side two-stage low pressure expansion valve (D2), three-way valve (a, b), the branch pipe 25 is unnecessary, and the rest of the configuration is the same as 1 above.

3. When combined with air-conditioning (when using only (A) side valve device (a, b, D2) and piping), the outdoor unit is to insulate and expand the liquid refrigerant of medium and high pressure to change into a liquid refrigerant of low temperature and low pressure. By evaporating or condensing the two-stage low pressure expansion valve (D2) and the three-way valve (a, b), and the refrigerant transferred from the expansion valve (D2) and the compressor (B) , Which passes through the outdoor air evaporation (condensation) part A for changing the gas or liquid into the refrigerant by latent heat absorbed or released, and the outdoor air evaporation (condensation) part A and the indoor air condensation (evaporation) part C. Compressor (B) for compressing the refrigerant gas into a gas of high temperature and high pressure, and a four-way valve (7) for changing the direction of the refrigerant gas of the high temperature and high pressure from the compressor (B) by cooling or heating operation. The indoor unit evaporates or condenses the refrigerant transferred from the first stage high pressure expansion valve (D1) or the compressor (B) to prevent latent heat. In the condensation in the indoor unit (evaporation) section (C) that absorbs or provides Consists of.

At this time, except for the main straight pipe in the drawing, the (b) side two-stage low pressure expansion valve (D3), the three-way valve (c, d), and the branch pipe 26 are not necessary.

4. The main composition of air conditioner

The outdoor unit absorbs heat from the first stage high pressure expansion valve (D1) and the indoor unit condensation (evaporation) unit C, which adiabaticly expands the medium-temperature high-pressure liquid refrigerant to cool the low-temperature liquid refrigerant during cooling. Compressor (B) converts the refrigerant into a high temperature and high pressure gas refrigerant and an outdoor unit condensation unit (A) that condenses the high temperature and high pressure gas refrigerant from the compressor (B) and releases heat to the outside. 2 stage low pressure expansion valve (D3), and the indoor air condensation (evaporation) section (C) for evaporating the low temperature low pressure refrigerant liquid from the 2 stage low pressure expansion valve (D3) to gas. Since the low pressure expansion valve (D3) always flows in one direction, the low pressure expansion valve (D3) is installed in the shape of the first stage high pressure expansion valve (D1) in the refrigerant main pipe.

Four-way valve 7 in the drawing, Three-way valve (a, b, c, d), two-stage low pressure expansion valve (D2) and branch pipes (25, 26), electric heating coil (21), heating pipe (23), bypass pipe (By-Pass) pipe Is unnecessary, and the other configuration is the same as 1 above. The controller 1 is an inverter control using a conventional digital circuit.

On the other hand, in the case of the cooling only cycle using only the one-stage high pressure expansion valve (D1) as required by the climatic environment of the installation place, the one-stage high pressure expansion valve (D1) is installed inside and outside the indoor unit. No need for two-stage low pressure expansion valve (D2, D3) device and branch pipes (25, 26), four-way valve (7), electric heating coil (21), heating pipe (23), three-way valve (a, b, c) , d), the bypass pipe is unnecessary, the other configuration is the same as the above 1, and the controller 1 is an inverter control using the existing digital circuit.

5. The main composition of the heating system,

The outdoor unit thermally expands the liquid refrigerant of medium temperature and high pressure during heating to change into a liquid refrigerant of low temperature and low pressure. The low temperature low pressure liquid refrigerant transferred from the first stage high pressure expansion valve (D1) and the (a) side two stage low pressure expansion valve (D2), the three-way valve (a, b) and the expansion valves (D1, D2) Compressor for compressing the low-temperature low-pressure gas refrigerant from the outdoor air evaporation (condensation) section (A) and the low-temperature low-pressure gas refrigerant by evaporation to phase change into a low-temperature gas refrigerant (A). B), the two-stage low pressure expansion valve (D2) is installed in the form of a one-stage high pressure expansion valve (D1) on the main pipe of the refrigerant main, since the flow of the refrigerant is always in one direction, and the indoor unit is equipped with a compressor (B). Consists of the indoor air condensation (evaporation) part (C) for condensing the high-temperature, high-pressure gas refrigerant to release heat to the room, the four-way valve (7), two-stage low-pressure expansion valve (D3) and branch pipe ( 25, 26, three-way valve (a, b, c, d) is unnecessary, the other configuration is the same as the above 1, the controller 1 is an inverter using a conventional digital circuit It is controlled.

On the other hand, in the case of the heating-only cycle using only the one-stage high pressure expansion valve (D1) as required by the climatic environment of the installation place, the two-stage low pressure expansion valve device (D2, D3) and branch pipes (25, 26) of FIG. ), Four-way valve (7), three-way valve (a, b, c, d) is unnecessary, the other configuration is the same as the above 1, the controller 1 is an inverter control using a conventional digital circuit do.

The refrigerant used in the present invention is freon gas R22 and R407C at a temperature of -40 ° C to -44 ° C at a standard pressure (atmospheric pressure), and about 56 kcal at about 40 ° C to 44 ° C at a pressure of 15 kgf / cm 2. Absorb latent heat (from liquid to gas) or release (from gas to liquid). Therefore, no matter how much the outdoor temperature drops, it is only necessary to maintain the optimum phase change (100% phase change) of the sensitive refrigerant at each operation cycle position of the refrigerant.

By using the characteristics of these refrigerants, so far, in the case of refrigeration and cooling, it is normally used due to the development of technology even during operation under high pressure (about 2.5Kg / cm 2 to 25Kg / cm 2). As described above, when the limit temperature reaches below zero, defects are exposed, which makes it difficult to use, and thus, an improvement apparatus and method have been proposed in the previously filed application.

The present invention improves not only heating but also a cooling system at the same time. When the outdoor temperature drops below 10 ° C. during the heating operation, the low-temperature low-pressure liquid refrigerant passing through the expansion unit (D) of the outdoor unit evaporates because the outside air temperature is low. In part (A), the evaporation process can not be performed to obtain sufficient latent heat of evaporation while evaporating the refrigerant to vaporize all the liquids. Even if the liquid is not recovered, the compressor of the compression unit B cannot perform the normal operation. If the liquid is excessive, the compressor may be damaged, and thus the conventional air conditioner piping system is as follows. Was improved.

During heating operation,

First, the evaporator (A) and the line from the evaporator (A) to the compressor (B) are heated to vaporize them so that no residual liquid is present, and the gas is further heated to compress the compression efficiency in the compression section (B). In order to maximize, in the present invention, the electric heating coil 21 (heating line: constant temperature line) in the aluminum fin 20 and the refrigerant pipe of the evaporator (A), and the refrigerant gas line of the low temperature low pressure refrigerant passing through the evaporator is sucked into the compressor. Or a thermos) or embedded in a pipe,

Second, the evaporator (A) and the refrigerant pipeline from the evaporator (A) to the compression unit (B) by piping the electric heating tube to control the temperature in the controller,

Third, by branching (bypassing) the high-temperature, high-pressure gas refrigerant passing through the compression section (B) to indirectly heat the lower portion of the evaporation section (A) to remove frost, to supply the latent heat of evaporation, and before the expansion section (D) When the main tube is connected to the medium-temperature high-pressure liquid line, the high-temperature, high-pressure gas refrigerant is changed to a similar shape to the medium-temperature and high-pressure liquid before the expansion unit (D) in the course of passing through the lower portion of the evaporator (A). D) A heat pump air conditioner constructed by connecting to the previous medium temperature high pressure liquid line.

The present invention is a method in which the medium-temperature high-pressure refrigerant liquid exiting the indoor / external heat exchanger evaporator (A, C) in one-stage, two-stage adiabatic expansion during heating and cooling using the four-way valve (7) when heating, the maximum gauge pressure It expands to the standard 2.5㎏ / ㎠G and lowers the refrigerant (R-22 standard) temperature in the cycle pipe to -26 ℃ (-28 ℃ for R407C), so that liquid refrigerant is stored at -25 ℃ (-407 ℃ for R407C). The outdoor unit evaporator (A) absorbs the latent heat of evaporation (approximately 56 kcal) required for phase change and improves all of them to vaporize, so that the outdoor unit evaporator (A) is operated normally without a separate heating aid. In addition, it saves energy (electricity, gas, diesel, kerosene) consumed in the compressor (B), and as the amount of heat absorbed by the outdoor unit heat exchanger evaporator (A) decreases due to the decrease in the outside temperature, the compressor is compressed more. In order to alleviate the pain of the compressor due to the increased compression load, the heating coils and heating pipes applied from the outside air temperature image 3 ° C. to 6 ° C. are compressed in the evaporator A and the evaporator A. In parallel operation with the refrigerant piping, when the outside temperature is gradually lowered below -25 ° C (-27 ° C for R407C), the latent absorption of latent absorption of the evaporator A is compensated so that the evaporator A More heat is supplied so that there is no increase in load so that the compressor (B) does not overdo normal operation.

According to the change of outside temperature, interlock within the adjustment range of the temperature control controller of heating coil and heating pipe to make the refrigerant gas at the inlet of compressor to be supersaturated (in this case, the refrigerant temperature should not exceed 15 ℃), and increase the energy at the same time. To save.

On the other hand, during cooling, the outdoor air heat exchanger (area: improved to increase 10% to 20% more) is the first and second stages of the medium-temperature high-pressure liquid refrigerant released from the hot air to the outside air from the condensation unit (A). Thermal expansion expands the refrigerant exiting the expansion valve to a lower temperature and lower pressure than the conventional technique (single stage expansion), thereby making it possible to improve the indoor temperature in the evaporator (C) of the indoor unit heat exchanger (area: improved to increase 10% to 20%). By absorbing more heat, the indoor temperature reaches the set temperature in a short time, which makes it faster cooling than the conventional technology, and it makes economical operation at the same time as the conventional air conditioner or air conditioner. It is possible to save a great amount. [In cooling, heating coil and heating pipe are not needed, so it cuts off and diverts (bypasses) the high-temperature and high-pressure gas refrigerant passing through the compression section (B) to lower the lower portion of the evaporation section (A). Gina 1 A high pressure expansion valve (D1) connected to the intermediate temperature before the high-pressure liquid line of the composed branch pipe (bypass pipe) is automatically blocked.

The scope of the present invention applies to all air conditioners, air conditioners, air heaters, gas heaters, gas and diesel engines, and diesel engine kerosene engine driven compressor types.

The present invention is one indoor unit (1: 1 type) to one outdoor unit in one air-conditioning, air-conditioning, heating-only cycle, or one outdoor unit including a compressor by branching the refrigerant pipe to the outdoor unit side in one air-conditioning, cooling, heating-only cycle 2 It is possible to configure more than two in parallel (not multi-stage compression), or to configure two or more compressors in parallel (not multi-stage compression). Apparatus, which is configured to use each outdoor unit and indoor unit in a permutation combination type.

The present invention uses a controller that adopts a digital circuit, and installs and interlocks temperature and pressure sensors at required points of each line during cooling, heating, cooling, and heating, and interlocks with an indoor temperature sensor and an outdoor temperature sensor, and various valves (expansion valves). , Four-way valve, three-way valve, automatic shut-off valve, etc.) and the temperature and pressure of the refrigerant are set to operate and maintained normally, so that when the controller receives an abnormal temperature and pressure signal, the controller checks for an error near it. .

Since the above principle is a common technique in the art due to the development of digital technology, specific principles and operating states will be omitted in the present invention.

The 1,2-stage multistage expansion method of the present invention is a combination of a heating and cooling cycle, a cooling and heating cycle equipment, the conventional compressor (B), outdoor air evaporation (condensation) and indoor air condensation (evaporation) unit (A, C) By improving the interaction of the expansion part (D), it reduces the pain (compression load) dedicated to the compressor to prolong the life of the compressor, and to operate normally with the compressor of the existing material without using a high-quality compressor. It is an invention that is improved by supplementing the existing indoor and outdoor heat exchanger and piping or expansion portion (D).

Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

1 is a flow chart of a conventional air conditioner and heating cycle, 2 is a flow chart of a conventional air conditioner and cooling cycle, 3 is a flow chart of a high efficiency heating cycle of the present invention, FIG. 4 is a flow chart of a high efficiency cooling cycle of the present invention, FIG. 6 is a block diagram of the high efficiency air conditioner gas and diesel, kerosene engine heat pump cycle of the present invention, FIG. 7 is a detailed diagram of piping heating coil treatment between the compressor inlet including the outdoor unit evaporator, and FIG. 8 between the outdoor unit evaporator and the compressor inlet. Fig. 9 is a detailed diagram of the electric heating pipe piping, Fig. 9 is a detailed configuration diagram of the multistage expansion valve piping of the present invention, Fig. 10 is a basic diagram of Rankine cycle during heating and cooling, Fig. 11 is a diagram of Rankine cycle TS during heating of the present invention, and Fig. 12 Rankine cycle Ph diagram, FIG. 13 The coolingine Rankine cycle TS diagram, FIG. 14 The coolingine Rankine cycle Ph diagram of the present invention. Live control unit (1), electromagnetic expansion valves (2, 2 ', 2' '), refrigerant filler receiver tank (3), supercooler (4), outdoor heat exchanger (5), liquid separator (6), temperature sensor (8,13,15,16), Four-way valve (7), Inverter compressor (9), Indoor heat exchanger (10), Indoor temperature sensor (11), Outdoor temperature sensor (12), Silencer (14), Compressor drive Engine (17), aluminum fin (20), electric coil (21), insulation cover (22), heating pipe (23), first and second branch pipes (25, 26), outdoor vaporization (condensation) part (A) ), Compressor (B), indoor condensation (evaporation) section (C), multistage expansion (D1, D2, D3), three-way valve (a, b, c, d), two-stage low pressure expansion valve (D2, D3) It can be seen that the first stage high pressure expansion valve (D1) is shown.

Looking at the configuration of the present invention, as shown in Figure 3, Figure 4 is largely divided into an indoor unit and an outdoor unit,

As a main component when cooling or heating, the outdoor unit is a one-stage high-pressure expansion valve (D1) and a two-stage low-pressure expansion valve (D2) and the first and second stages that adiabaticly expands the liquid refrigerant of medium temperature and high pressure into a liquid refrigerant of low temperature and low pressure. An outdoor vaporization (condensation) unit A for evaporating or condensing the refrigerant transferred from the expansion valve and the compressor B, and converting the refrigerant into a gas or a liquid with latent heat absorbed or released;

Compressor (B) for compressing the refrigerant gas passing through the outdoor air evaporation (condensation) (A) and the indoor air condensation (evaporation) (C) to a gas of high temperature and high pressure, the indoor unit is the two-stage low pressure expansion It consists of a valve (D3) and the indoor air condensation (evaporation) part (C) to provide or take the latent heat to the room by evaporating or condensing the refrigerant transferred from the two-stage low pressure expansion valve (D3) or the compressor (B),

In addition, the outdoor heating evaporation unit (A), the invention filed during heating, and the electric heating coil (21) and FIG. The heating tube 23 of the and the high-temperature, high-pressure gas refrigerant By-Pass pipe from the outdoor unit compressor (B) extends through the lower portion of the outdoor evaporation unit (A) until the first stage high pressure expansion valve (D1) 1 It is a high efficiency air conditioner composed of a branch pipe (bypass pipe) connected to the main pipe before the high pressure expansion valve (D1).

As shown in FIG. 9, the multistage expansion portions D1, D2, and D3 have two (A) and (B) side first and second branch pipes 25 and 26 formed at intervals in the main pipe. ), And the two (a) and (b) side first and second branch pipes 25 and 26 have the same diameter as the main pipe, and D1 is a first stage high pressure expansion valve. , c, d is a three-way valve, D2, D3 is composed of a two-stage low pressure expansion valve.

5 is a schematic diagram of a high efficiency air conditioner heat pump inverter heat pump cycle of the present invention, which is a cycle for cooling and heating, and the switching of cooling and heating operation is performed by changing the direction of the refrigerant through the four-way valve (7). The refrigerant from the electric inverter compressor (9) enters the outdoor heat exchanger through the four-way valve (7), exchanges heat, and then moves to the expansion valve, and uses a three-way valve to supply the first stage high pressure expansion valve (2) (D1), 2 After passing through the low pressure expansion valve (2 '') (D3) to the indoor heat exchanger (10) ((conversion condensation (evaporation) part (C) to the role of the room evaporator)] to heat exchange, and then the four-way valve ( A cycle is completed by entering the compressor (B) (9) through 7), and reference numerals (8, 11, 12, 13, 15, and 16) of FIG. 5 denote temperature sensors and at the controller (drive control unit) 1 Controlled.

When heating, the cycle proceeds in the reverse order to be heated. In case of cooling only, the four-way valve (7), the two-stage low pressure expansion valve (2`) (D2), and the three-way valve (a, b) are unnecessary. In this case, the four-way valve 7, the two-stage low pressure expansion valve 2 ″ (D3), and the three-way valves c and d are unnecessary.

FIG. 5 shows the compressor 9 being compressed using an inverter controlled electric motor. FIG. 6 shows the compressor 9 being driven using a gas or an oil engine using gas such as gas or diesel. The compressor driving apparatus using the gas and the oil engine 17 in the compressor 9 is shown below. The air conditioning cycle is the same as the air conditioning cycle of FIG.

Next, the relationship between the role of the compressor (B), the indoor air evaporation (condensation) unit (A, C), and the multistage expansion valves (D1, D2, D3), the amount of work (AW), and the amount of heat (QH, QL) is shown in FIG. 10, 11, 12, 13, and 14 will be described for easy understanding.

Compressor (B) performs a compression work (AW) with energy (electricity, gas, diesel, kerosene, etc.) consumed by the motor and engine, compresses the refrigerant, and converts the compression work amount (AW) into compression heat quantity (Q). (About 860 kcal per kw, about 632 Kcal per HP). The heating / cooling cycle is operated by using the amount of heat (Q) changed through the refrigerant.

Therefore, the cooling and cooling is made through the role of the compressor (B), and during the heating and cooling, all of the equipment absorbs heat from the low temperature side and releases it to the high temperature side.

In particular, when the indoor air evaporation (condensation) part (A, C) and the expansion part (D) to play a role, it is possible to operate normally without a large load on the compressor (B).

The present invention is described by dividing heating (I) and cooling (II).

I. At the time of heating,

It absorbs heat (QL) from the outside air at low temperature in winter and releases heat (QH) in the room. At this time, when the outdoor unit heat exchanger evaporator (A) absorbs a large amount of heat (QL), the compressor normally supplies the heat (QH) to the room even though the compression work (AW) is reduced. In addition, when the outdoor unit heat exchanger evaporator (A) absorbs less heat (QL), the compressor has to supply normal heat (QH) to the room, which is a lot of compression work (AW).

Therefore, the change in the outside air temperature is directly connected to the compression load, so that the conventional techniques have not overcome the outside temperature -10 ° C to 20 ° C. This is related to the characteristics of the refrigerant. The refrigerant (based on R22) absorbs or releases heat near -41 ° C under atmospheric pressure, and changes phase (gas ↔ liquid).

The phase change point of the refrigerant R22 is based on atmospheric pressure (1 kg / cm 2) at -10 ° C. at about 5.3 kg / cm 2, and at -15 ° C. at about 4.4 kg / cm 2 at -20 ° C. The phase change is performed at a pressure of about 3.5 kg / cm 2 at a temperature of about 2.5 kg / cm 2 at -26 ° C. (The temperature and pressure of the phase change point R407C are about 10% below the phase change point, temperature and pressure of R22.)

In the refrigeration cycle using refrigerant, the pressure inside the cycle pipe is isolated from the external atmospheric pressure, so it can operate up to the maximum range of -26 ℃ and 2.5㎏ / ㎠G (G: gauge pressure). At this time, the reason why the minimum pressure range is 2.5 kg / cm 2 G is because it is the minimum pressure that can be made into a gas by spraying the coolant liquid of low temperature in the capillary of the outdoor unit heat exchanger evaporator (A).

Then, the prior art should have normally cycled at -25 ℃ during the heating operation using the refrigerant (R-22). However, it is not able to overcome the vicinity of -10 ℃ ~ -20 ℃. Conventional technology should operate normally even at outside temperature of -26 ℃ at maximum load of compressor, but compressor life is short, and when operated under overload, the pressure at the entrance of outdoor steam evaporator (A) is 2.5kg by one-stage adiabatic expansion method. It cannot be pulled down to / cm 2 G. Therefore, due to the limitation of compressor load and one-stage adiabatic expansion method, the limit of -10 ℃ ~ 20 ℃ was not overcome.

In describing the invention,

① Increased the area of outdoor air condensation (A) and indoor air condensation (C) by 10-20%:

When heating, the outdoor air vaporizer (A) absorbs more heat and compresses in a state where the compression load of the compressor is not increased, thereby releasing as much heat as absorbed by the indoor unit condensation unit (C). In this case, when the electric heating coil 21 and the heating tube 23 are used in parallel, even if the single-stage adiabatic expansion is larger than the conventional air conditioner, the heating increase area is greatly increased, and the heating speed is also increased to reach the indoor set temperature, so that the low speed economy is achieved. Switching to operation saves more energy.

The present invention is that when the outside air temperature is lowered below -10 ℃, the existing technology is a very high temperature and high pressure gas exiting the compressor (B) by a high load of unreasonable operation through the indoor unit condensation (C), expansion unit ( It is very easy to overcome the limitation that the temperature and pressure of the refrigerant does not drop to around -26 ℃ and 2.5㎏ / ㎠G even in the case of single-stage adiabatic expansion in D), and it reaches the proper temperature and pressure by the compression and expansion of normal operation. Even if the outside air temperature in the evaporator (A) drops to -25 ° C after passing through -10 ° C, normal heating operation can be performed by the heat absorbed from the outside air and the heat supplied from the heating wire and the heating tube 23. The heating increase area of this invention is an intermediate area between the conventional area and the 1st and 2nd stage insulation expansion inventions of FIG.

The present invention has the advantage that the efficiency, energy consumption, heating heating area is smaller than the 1,2-stage adiabatic expansion method, but the product manufacturing cost is low.

The present invention applies to both heating and cooling cycles, and to heating cycles.

(2) Insulating the expansion section (D) for 1,2-stage insulation:

The present invention drops the refrigerant temperature and pressure at the inlet of the outdoor evaporator (A) to -26 ° C, 2.5kg / cm2 without using the electric heating coil 21 and the heating tube 23, and evaporates even at an outdoor temperature of -25 ° C. Normal heating operation can be achieved by obtaining latent heat, and if the area of outdoor air vaporization (condensation) and indoor air condensation (evaporation) is increased by 10 to 20%, it will operate more efficiently, and the electric coil (21) and heating When the pipe 23 is operated in parallel, after high efficiency high-speed heating without high load on the compressor B, as soon as the set temperature of the room is reached, it is linked to the inverter controller 1 using a digital circuit to switch to low-speed economic operation and energy. It is the invention that can reduce the most. The present invention operates normally even under an ambient temperature of -30 ° C.

The heating increase area of this invention is shown in FIG.

This invention applies to both heating and heating cycles of heating and cooling mixing cycles.

II. When cooling, the direction of the refrigerant flow is changed by using the four-way valve (7), absorbs the heat (QL) in the room via the refrigerant to discharge (QH) to the outside.

During the cooling operation in summer, the outdoor heat exchanger and the indoor heat exchanger change their roles when heating (evaporation ↔ condensation), and they absorb heat at low temperatures indoors and release it to the outside air at high temperatures, but indoor and outdoor air is all the temperature of the image. Absorption of heat well in (C) does not interfere with the phase change of the refrigerant, the conventional techniques have been excellent cooling operation. However, there are many parts to be improved in cooling efficiency, cooling speed, and operating energy consumption.

① The area of outdoor air condensation (A) and indoor air condensation (C) increased by 10 ~ 20%.

This is an invention that absorbs more heat in the room and releases it to the outside without increasing the compression load, so that the cooling efficiency is high and the cooling speed to reach the indoor set temperature is high.

The invention applies to both cooling and cooling cycles of the cooling and cooling cycle.

② For the 1st and 2nd stage thermal expansion of the expansion part (D):

Medium and high pressure liquid refrigerant from outdoor unit condensation unit (A) is adiabatically expanded by 1,2 stages to make low-temperature low-pressure refrigerant liquid. Emits to outdoor, high efficiency, low energy consumption operation, rapid cooling, and after reaching the indoor set temperature, the inverter (digital) controller (1) is linked to low-speed economic operation.

The invention applies to both cooling and cooling cycles of the cooling and heating cycle.

As shown in Figs. 13 and 14, the present invention expands the cooling increase area compared to the prior art.

FIG. 10 shows a basic diagram of a Rankine cycle during heating and cooling. FIG. 11 and FIG. 13 show a Rankine cycle TS diagram for cooling and heating. FIG. 12 and FIG. 14 show a Rankine cycle Ph for cooling and heating. As shown in FIG. 3, the heating and cooling area is increased as much as the emphasis of the conventional invention.

More specifically, FIG. 11 is a Rankine cycle TS diagram during heating, which absorbs heat at a low temperature of QL and emits it at a high temperature of QH. The 7-8 sections are evaporated, the 8-1 '' sections are heated, 1 ''-2 '' shows compression, 2 ''-3 section condensation, 3-5 sections single stage expansion, 6-7 sections two stage expansion, and outside the curve of the graph is supercooled liquid or super saturation. It is a gas, and the inside is a mixture of liquid and gas, and the heating area within the conventional 1,2,3,4 range is 1 '', 2 '', 3, 5, 6, 7, 8 in the present invention. Widened

Fig. 12 is a Rankine cycle diagram for heating, which absorbs heat at a low temperature of QL and releases it at a high temperature of QH, with sections 7-8 evaporating, sections 8-1 '' heating, and 1 ''-2. '' Section shows compression, 2 ''-3 section condensation, 3-5 sections single stage expansion, 6-7 sections two stage expansion, the outside of the curve is supercooled liquid or supersaturated gas Is a mixed state of liquid and gas, and the heating area within the conventional 1,2,3,4 range is increased by 1 '', 2 '', 3, 5, 6, 7, 8 in the present invention.

Referring to the operating method of the present invention, first, the direction of cooling or heating operation is switched through the four-way valve (7), during the winter heating electric heating coil (21), the electric heating tube 23 and the inventors In addition to the 1,2-stage expansion valve of the present invention to be used separately or in parallel to increase the effect when used in parallel, the indoor and outdoor heat exchanger area was increased by 10% to 20% to increase the amount of heat absorbed and discharged. In the summer, the cooling was performed by operating the 1,2 stage multi-stage expansion valve, which is superior to the existing products.

The expansion valve uses a linear expansion valve (LEV).

Referring to the role of the expansion valve, the refrigerant from the outdoor air evaporation (condensation) and the indoor air condensation (evaporation) (A, C) reaches the expansion valve in a liquid state of medium temperature and high pressure. At this time, the expansion valve should drop the temperature and pressure as much as possible (limit pressure: 2.5㎏ / ㎠G) to absorb a large amount of heat according to the indoor and outdoor temperature situation. There has been a drawback of increasing the compression load of the compressor (B). Then, the configuration and operation method of the multi-stage expansion valve (D1, D2, D3) of the present invention with reference to Figure 9, D1 is a one-stage high-pressure expansion valve, D2 is a two-stage low-pressure expansion valve, D3 operating during heating, D3 Is a two-stage low pressure expansion valve that operates during cooling, and a, b, c, and d are three-way valves.

In describing the present invention in the method of operation in relation to the overall configuration of the high-efficiency air-conditioner, as required by the climatic environment of the installation place,

1, in the case of using both the two-stage expansion method for air-conditioning in the air-conditioner for both air-conditioning and air-conditioning,

2, the operation method when the two-stage expansion method is used only in the air conditioner in the air conditioner of the air-conditioning combined use,

3. The operation method when the two-stage expansion method is used only for heating in an air conditioner for simultaneous heating and cooling,

4, the operation method when using the two-stage expansion method in the cooling cycle (cooler),

5, The operation method when the two-stage expansion method is used in the heating cycle (heater) will be explained by dividing the three-way valve and the expansion valve into cooling and heating with high efficiency air conditioner system operation.

When both 1 and 2 expansion methods are used for both heating and cooling:

When cooling in the summer, the (A) side of Figure 9 always uses a three-way valve (a, b) to allow the refrigerant to flow through the straight pipe, and the (B) side always uses a three-way valve (c, d) to provide a two-stage low pressure expansion valve. The refrigerant flows to (D3). Then, the electric coil 21, the heating pipe 23, and the bypass branch pipe are shut off, and as soon as the indoor temperature reaches the set temperature, the inverter (digital) controller 1 immediately enters the low speed economic operation.

During heating, the refrigerant flows into the two-stage low pressure expansion valve (D2) at all times by using three-way valves (a, b) in FIG. 9, and the three-way valves (c, d) by (b). The refrigerant flows through the straight pipe at all times, and maximizes the cooling and heating effect by the first and second stages of multi-stage expansion in both cold and heating, and uses the electric coil 21 and the heating tube 23 and bypass in parallel. .

2. If the two-stage expansion method is used only for cooling in a cooling / cooling cycle:

When cooling, the (b) side of FIG. 9 always uses a three-way valve (c, d) to allow the refrigerant to flow through the two-stage low pressure expansion side (D3), and the three-way valve (a, b) and the second stage of the (a) side. The low pressure expansion valve (D2) and the branch pipe (25) are unnecessary, and are cooled by performing 1,2-stage multistage expansion, and the electric coil (21), the heating pipe (23) and the branch pipe (By-pass) are in summer. It cuts off, and the other operation method is the same as 1 above.

During heating, in (b) of FIG. 9, the refrigerant flows in a straight pipe at all times by using three-way valves (c, d), and is heated by using a one-stage high pressure expansion valve (D1), and the electric coil 21 and The heating pipe 23 and the branch pipe (By-pass) is used, and the other operation method is the same as the above.

3. In case of double heating expansion method for heating and cooling cycle

When cooling, use the 1st stage high pressure expansion valve (D1) to cool. (A) uses three way valves (a, b) to always allow refrigerant to flow through the straight pipe, and the electric coil (21) and heating. The pipe 23 and the by-pass branch pipe is shut off, and the other operation method is the same as the above 1.

When heating, it is heated by 1, 2 stage multi-stage expansion, (A) side uses three way valves (a, b) to always allow refrigerant to flow to the 2 stage low pressure expansion side (D2), and (B) side three way valve (c, d), the two-stage low pressure expansion side D3, and the branch pipe 26 are unnecessary, and the other operation method is the same as that of said 1 above.

4. In case of using 2-stage expansion method for cooling cycle (cooler):

In the air-cooling cycle, only the main pipe is used because the refrigerant flows in one direction, and the three-way valve (a, b, c, d), the two-stage low pressure expansion valve (D2), and the branch pipes (25, 26) Unnecessary, the two-stage low pressure expansion valve (D3) is installed in the refrigerant main pipe in the form of one-stage high pressure expansion valve (D1) and the 1,2-stage expansion valves (D1, D3) are operated so that the room temperature is set to the set temperature. When it reaches, it is controlled by the controller (1) using the existing digital (inverter) circuit and enters low speed economic operation immediately after 1-2 minutes.

In addition, the four-way valve 7, the electric coil 21, the heating pipe 23, the branch pipe (bypass pipe) of the figure is unnecessary, and the other operation method is the same as the above 1.

On the other hand, in the case of the cooling only cycle using only the one-stage high-pressure expansion valve (D1) as required by the climatic environment of the installation place, the two-stage expansion valves (D2, D3) and branch pipes (25, 26) of FIG. The four-way valve 7, the electric coil 21, the heating pipe 23, the three-way valves a, b, c, d and the branch pipe (bypass) are unnecessary.

The other operation method is the same as above and the system control control is operated by the inverter controller 1 using the existing digital circuit.

5. In case of using 2-stage expansion method in heating cycle (heater):

In the heating cycle, the refrigerant flows in one direction, so only the main pipe is used, and the three-way valves (a, b, c, d), the two-stage low pressure expansion valve (D3), the branch pipes (25, 26), The four-way valve (7) is unnecessary, the two-stage low pressure expansion valve (D2) is installed in the refrigerant main pipe in the shape of the one-stage high pressure expansion valve (D1), and the first and second stage expansion valves (D1, D2) are operated. When the room temperature reaches the set temperature, it is controlled by the controller (1) using the existing digital (inverter) circuit and immediately enters a low speed economic operation after 1 to 2 minutes. The other operation method is the same as 1 above.

On the other hand, in the case of the heating-only cycle using only the one-stage high pressure expansion valve (D1) as required by the climatic environment of the installation place, the two-stage expansion valves (D2, D3) and branch pipes (25, 26) of FIG. The four-way valve 7 and the three-way valves a, b, c, and d are unnecessary.

The other operation method is the same as above, and the system control control is operated by the inverter controller 1 using the existing digital circuit.

In winter operation in the 1,2-stage expansion valve operation of the present invention, the frost generated in the outdoor evaporation unit (A) by using the electric coil 21 and the heating pipe 23 before the main operation in advance It is effective to get rid of it.

The 1,2-stage expansion valve or the three-way valve (a, b, c, d) operation controller of the present invention is to operate as a controller employing a digital circuit (inverter circuit). One-stage expansion valve, 1,2-stage expansion valve, three-way valve, shut-off valve are interlocked in the digital circuit controller.

Referring to the cooling and heating method using a high efficiency air conditioner of the present invention,

In order not to increase the compression load of the compressor during heating, cooling, or heating, but to absorb and release more heat from the outdoor air evaporation (condensation) and indoor air condensation (evaporation).

① The medium-temperature high-pressure liquid refrigerant from the outdoor unit evaporation (condensation) unit or the indoor unit condensation (evaporation) unit (A, C) is expanded by two stages of low pressure thermal expansion after the first stage of high pressure thermal expansion, Lower the refrigerant temperature of the indoor and outdoor low temperature side to maximize the latent heat of absorption of indoor and outdoor evaporation (A, C),

② The area of the outdoor unit evaporation (condensation) unit and the indoor unit condensation (evaporation) unit (A) increased by 10 to 20% to increase the amount of heat absorbed or released (QL, QH),

③ During heating operation, the refrigerant at the inlet of the compressor (B) is heated by using the outdoor air evaporation unit (A) and the heat treatment from the outdoor unit evaporation unit (A) to the inlet of the compressor with the electric coil 21 and the heating pipe 23 in parallel. By making the gas into a suitable supersaturated gas, not only the compression load of the compressor B is reduced, but also the life of the compressor B is extended, and in particular, the temperature and pressure are maintained at the proper state during the first and second stage expansions of the expansion part D. .

The improvement of air conditioning and heating cycles not only increases efficiency during heating and cooling, but also rapidly cools and cools up to the set temperature of the room, and saves cycle operating energy (electricity, gas, and oil) significantly. It is a way.

In the present invention as described above, the expansion unit during the heating and cooling is expanded in two stages of low pressure thermal expansion after the first stage high pressure thermal expansion, and is operated independently without an auxiliary device even at an ambient temperature of -25 ° C during the heating operation, and has a greater cooling effect during the cooling operation. Increased,

In addition, the indoor and outdoor air heat exchanger area is increased by 10 to 20% to increase the amount of heat emitted, and when the electric heating wire and the heating tube are used in parallel, the diagrams of Figs. 11 and 13 Rankine Cycles are shown during simultaneous cooling and heating or cooling or heating. And FIG. 12 and FIG. 14 have the effect of increasing the heating and cooling area highlighted in the Rankine cycle Ph diagram.

In particular, the present invention allows heating to be used without improving the existing compressor even when the outside air temperature is below -30 ° C., and is operated normally without increasing the compression load on the simultaneous heating and cooling compressors. By switching to low speed economic operation using (Digital) circuit, it is possible to extend the service life of the compressor and greatly increase the amount of heat absorbed and discharged, thereby maximizing the cooling and heating effect and greatly saving the operating energy (electricity, gas, oil). .

Claims (9)

In the high efficiency air conditioner, it is divided into outdoor unit and indoor unit, The outdoor unit is a one-stage high-pressure expansion valve (D1) and a two-stage low-pressure expansion valve (D2) and the two-stage low-pressure expansion valve (D2) and the compressor for adiabatic expansion of the medium-temperature and high-pressure liquid refrigerant to a low-temperature low-pressure liquid refrigerant (B) an outdoor vaporization (condensation) unit (A) for evaporating or condensing the refrigerant conveyed in (B) and phase-changing the refrigerant into a gas or a liquid with latent heat absorbed or released, and the outdoor vaporization (condensation) unit (A) and Compressor (B) for compressing the refrigerant gas passing through the indoor air condensation (evaporation) section C to a gas of high temperature and high pressure and for switching the refrigerant gas of high temperature and high pressure from the compressor (B) to the cooling or heating operation direction. It consists of a four-way valve (7), the indoor unit provides a latent heat by condensing or evaporating the refrigerant transferred from the two-stage low pressure expansion valve (D3) and the compressor (B) or the two-stage low pressure expansion valve (D3). Or it consists of the indoor air condensation (evaporation) part (C) to absorb, the evaporation And an outdoor unit evaporation (condensation) unit (A) and an indoor unit condensation (evaporation) unit (C) which increase the condensation unit area by 10 to 20%, and an electric heating coil (21) and a heating tube (23) used only for heating; , Branching a portion of the high temperature and high pressure gas coolant tube exiting the compression unit B (extending the bypass tube) to pass through the lower part of the evaporator of the evaporator unit A, and defrosting the evaporator unit A, After supplying the latent heat absorbed, the branch pipe (bypass pipe) connected to the liquid refrigerant pipe (measured by the check valve) of the first stage high pressure expansion valve (D1), that is, the medium and high pressure, and the inverter controlling the devices. A high efficiency air conditioner comprising a (digital) controller. The method according to claim 1, wherein the multi-stage expansion unit (D1, D2, D3) is controlled by an inverter controller 1 using a conventional digital circuit, is formed at intervals in the main pipe (main tube diameter) Two first and second branch pipes 25 and 26 which are the same as the first stage, and a first stage high pressure expansion valve D1 installed in the main pipe between the two first and second branch pipes 25 and 26; Two-stage low pressure expansion sides (D2, D3) formed in the first and second branch pipes (25, 26), three-way valve (a) formed on one side of the first branch pipe (25), and the first branch pipe Three-way valve (b) formed on another side of (25), three-way valve (c) formed on one side of said second branch pipe (26), and three way formed on another side of said second branch pipe (26). High efficiency air conditioner, characterized in that consisting of a valve (d). The high efficiency air conditioner according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the two-stage low pressure expansion valve (D3) is configured to be installed in each indoor unit, indoor unit inlet, or main pipe before the branch point when the indoor unit is two or more multi-type types. . In the air-conditioning method using a high efficiency air conditioner, Medium and high pressure liquid refrigerant from the indoor and outdoor air heat exchangers (A, C) expands in one and two stages during cooling and heating to absorb more heat from the indoor and outdoor low-temperature sides. The cooling effect is further increased during the cooling operation, and the indoor and outdoor heat exchanger evaporation and condensation unit (A, C) area is increased by 10 ~ 20% to inhale and release more heat during cooling and heating. In addition, during the heating operation, the outdoor unit heat exchanger evaporator (A) and the refrigerant piping line between the evaporator and the compressor were operated in parallel with the electric heating line and the heating pipe, and defrosted and supplied with heat. By maximizing the heating effect under normal operating temperature below -30 ℃, branching (bypassing) a portion of the high-temperature, high-pressure gas refrigerant pipe exiting the compression section (B) indirectly heats the lower portion of the evaporation section (A). Let In order to increase the above effects, and before the first stage high pressure expansion valve (D1), that is, connected to the medium-temperature high-pressure liquid line, in the process of passing the high-temperature high-pressure gas refrigerant through the lower portion of the evaporator (A) 1 Since it changes to the same shape as the medium-temperature high-pressure liquid before the high pressure expansion valve (D1), it is connected to the medium-temperature high-pressure liquid line before the single-stage high pressure expansion valve (D1) to perform both defrosting operation and main operation simultaneously. Method of cooling and heating using high-efficiency air conditioners that greatly saves operating energy (electricity, gas, oil) by converting the drive control unit into a low-speed economic operation using a digital (inverter) circuit after reaching a high speed at the indoor set temperature. . The method of operating the cooling method according to claim 4, wherein in (a) side, the refrigerant flows into the straight pipe at all times by using three-way valves (a, b), and (b) uses three-way valves (c, d). The refrigerant flows into the two-stage low pressure expansion valve (D3) at all times, and the electric coil 21 and the heating pipe 23 and the bypass branch pipe are blocked and cooled. In case of heating, (A) side always use three-way valve (a, b) to allow refrigerant to flow into the two stage low pressure expansion valve (D2), and (B) side always use straight pipe (3) Coolant flows through the cooling and heating cycle, and the valve device [(A) side: D2, a, b, (B) side: D3, c, d] and branch pipe [(A) side: 25, (B): 26], depending on the climatic environment of the installation place, (a) and (b) are used at the same time, or (a) or (b) is used for heating and cooling. Air-conditioning method using high efficiency air conditioner. The method of operating a cooling dedicated cycle, the multi-stage expansion unit (D1, D2, D3) uses only a main pipe because the flow of refrigerant is always in one direction, and a three-way valve (a, b, c). d), two-stage low pressure expansion valve (D2), branch pipes (25, 26), four-way valve (7), electric coil (21), branch pipes (bypass pipes) are not necessary, and the refrigerant is not removed or used. After installing 2-stage low pressure expansion valve (D3) in the form of 1-stage high pressure expansion valve (D1) in the main (straight pipe) pipe, and operating 1,2-stage expansion valves (D1, D3), the room temperature is set after fast cooling. When it reaches to control by the controller (1) using the existing digital (inverter) circuit, the cooling and heating method using a high-efficiency air conditioner, characterized in that the cooling by low-speed economic operation immediately after 1 to 2 minutes. The method of operating a dedicated cycle for cooling using only the first stage high pressure expansion valve (D1) is a two stage low pressure expansion valve (D2, D3), branch pipes (25, 26), three-way valve (a, b, c, d). ), Four-way valve (7), electric coil (21), heating pipe (23) and bypass pipe are unnecessary, so the one-stage high pressure expansion valve (D1) is installed inside and outside without removing or using them. When the temperature reaches the set temperature controlled by the controller (1) using the existing digital (inverter) circuit, the cooling and heating method using a high-efficiency air conditioner characterized in that the cooling by running low-speed economy immediately after 1-2 minutes. The method of operating a cycle for exclusive use of heating according to claim 5, since the refrigerant is oriented in one direction, only main pipes are used, and three-way valves (a, b, c, d), two-stage low pressure expansion valves (D3), and branch pipes. (25, 26) Since the four-way valve (7) is unnecessary, they are not used or removed, and a two-stage low pressure expansion valve (D2) is installed in the refrigerant main (straight pipe) pipe in the shape of a one-stage high pressure expansion valve (D1). When the room temperature reaches the set temperature after rapid heating by operating the 1,2-stage expansion valves (D1, D2), it is controlled by the controller (1) using the existing digital (inverter) circuit and immediately after 1 to 2 minutes Heating and cooling method using a high efficiency air conditioner, characterized in that the heating by operating. The method of operating a dedicated cycle for heating using only the one-stage high pressure expansion valve (D1) is a two-stage low pressure expansion valve (D2, D3), branch pipes (25, 26), three-way valve (a, b, c, d) Since the four-way valve 7 is unnecessary, the controller 1 using the existing digital (inverter) circuit is operated when the indoor temperature reaches the set temperature by operating or removing the one-stage high pressure expansion valve D1. Cooling and heating method using a high-efficiency air-conditioner, characterized in that heating by low-speed economic operation immediately after 1 to 2 minutes by controlling.