KR100417928B1 - A composites for Eco-clay with Blast Furnace Slag and Slag-Activator - Google Patents
A composites for Eco-clay with Blast Furnace Slag and Slag-Activator Download PDFInfo
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- KR100417928B1 KR100417928B1 KR10-2001-0029296A KR20010029296A KR100417928B1 KR 100417928 B1 KR100417928 B1 KR 100417928B1 KR 20010029296 A KR20010029296 A KR 20010029296A KR 100417928 B1 KR100417928 B1 KR 100417928B1
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B18/00—Use of agglomerated or waste materials or refuse as fillers for mortars, concrete or artificial stone; Treatment of agglomerated or waste materials or refuse, specially adapted to enhance their filling properties in mortars, concrete or artificial stone
- C04B18/04—Waste materials; Refuse
- C04B18/14—Waste materials; Refuse from metallurgical processes
- C04B18/141—Slags
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B14/00—Use of inorganic materials as fillers, e.g. pigments, for mortars, concrete or artificial stone; Treatment of inorganic materials specially adapted to enhance their filling properties in mortars, concrete or artificial stone
- C04B14/02—Granular materials, e.g. microballoons
- C04B14/04—Silica-rich materials; Silicates
- C04B14/10—Clay
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B28/00—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements
- C04B28/24—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements containing alkyl, ammonium or metal silicates; containing silica sols
- C04B28/26—Silicates of the alkali metals
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
- Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
- Y02W30/50—Reuse, recycling or recovery technologies
- Y02W30/91—Use of waste materials as fillers for mortars or concrete
Abstract
본 발명은 고로슬래그와 자극알칼리제를 첨가한 점토조성물에 관한 것으로, 그 목적은 점토의 소성과정을 거치지 않고서도 고결하여 소정의 강도를 확보하며, 풀림을 방지할 수 있는 고로슬래그와 자극알칼리제를 첨가한 점토조성물을 제공하는 것이다.The present invention relates to a clay composition to which blast furnace slag and a stimulating alkali agent are added, the object of which is to solidify without going through the sintering process of clay, to secure a predetermined strength, and to add a blast furnace slag and a stimulating alkaline agent that can prevent loosening. To provide a clay composition.
본 발명은 상기 목적을 달성하기 위하여 점토 50∼85wt％에 반응혼화재로 고로슬래그를 9.5∼50wt% 첨가하고, NaOH, KOH, Ca(OH)2, CaSO4, NaCl, CaCl2, 물유리(규산소다)로 이루어진 군에서 선택된 하나 이상의 자극알칼리제를 3∼9.8wt％ 혼합하여 조성되어 이온응집반응, 포졸란 반응 및 고로슬래그의 잠재수경성 반응에 의해 점토를 소성하지 않고도 소정의 강도를 확보하고 풀림을 방지할 수 있는 고로슬래그와 자극알칼리제를 첨가한 점토조성물을 제공함에 있다.In order to achieve the above object, the present invention adds 9.5 to 50 wt% of blast furnace slag as a reaction admixture to 50 to 85 wt% of clay, and NaOH, KOH, Ca (OH) 2 , CaSO 4 , NaCl, CaCl 2 , and water glass (sodium silicate). 3 to 9.8 wt% of one or more stimulating alkaline agents selected from the group consisting of) to ensure a predetermined strength without firing clay by ionic agglomeration reaction, pozzolanic reaction and latent hydraulic reaction of blast furnace slag to prevent loosening The present invention provides a clay composition to which blast furnace slag and stimulating alkaline agent are added.
Description
본 발명은 고로슬래그와 자극알칼리제를 첨가한 점토조성물에 관한 것이다. 더욱 구체적으로, 천연상태의 점토에 고로슬래그 및 고로슬래그의 잠재수경성질을 개선하기 위해 첨가하는 자극알칼리제(자극알칼리제로는 NaOH, KOH, Ca(OH)2, CaSO4, NaCl, CaCl2, 물유리(규산소다) 등의 알칼리성 자극제이며, 이의 사용에 있어서는 단일사용 및 2∼4가지를 혼련하여 사용하는 자극제 등을 포함함)를 첨가함으로써, 점토의 소성과정을 거치지 않고, 시멘트를 전혀 첨가하지 않고서도 고결하여 소정의 강도를 확보하며, 풀림을 방지할 수 있는 고로슬래그와 자극알칼리제를 첨가한 점토조성물에 관한 것이다.The present invention relates to a clay composition to which blast furnace slag and stimulating alkali agent are added. More specifically, the stimulating alkaline agent added to the natural clay to improve the blast furnace slag and the latent hydraulic properties of the blast furnace slag (as stimulating alkali agents are NaOH, KOH, Ca (OH) 2 , CaSO 4 , NaCl, CaCl 2 , water glass Alkaline stimulants such as (soda silicate), and in the use thereof, including a single use and a stimulant used by kneading two to four kinds), without the process of calcining clay and without adding any cement at all. The present invention also relates to a clay composition to which blast furnace slag and stimulating alkaline agent are added to secure a predetermined strength and prevent loosening.
일반적으로 점토는 내화물 또는 소성점토에 사용되고 있다. 점토만으로는 소정의 강도, 내수성, 수밀성 및 내구성이 약하기 때문에, 소성과정을 거쳐 세라믹제품으로 완성한 후 건축용 및 세라믹용 재료로 사용된다. 상기 소성과정은 성형작업이 되어 있는 점토혼합물을 터널요에 넣어 고온으로 가열하면 그 성분 중 일부 또는 대부분이 용융되어 비중, 용적, 색조, 물성 등의 변화가 생겼다가 다시 냉각하면 점토혼합물이 고결하여 소정의 강도를 확보하게 되는 과정이다.Clay is generally used for refractory or calcined clay. Since clay alone is weak in predetermined strength, water resistance, watertightness and durability, it is used as a material for construction and ceramics after finishing a ceramic product through a sintering process. In the firing process, when the clay mixture is formed into a tunnel and heated at a high temperature, some or most of its components are melted to change specific gravity, volume, color tone, physical properties, and the like, and when the mixture is cooled again, the clay mixture is solidified. This is a process of securing a predetermined strength.
점토의 소성은 연료의 연소에 의한 에너지 소비가 필수적이고 또한, 연료의 연소시에 유해물질이 대기 중에 방출되어 환경오염을 일으킨다.The burning of clay requires energy consumption by combustion of fuel, and harmful substances are released into the atmosphere during combustion of fuel, causing environmental pollution.
따라서, 본 발명자는 국내에 풍부하게 매장되어 있는 점토를 소성과정을 거치지 않고 고결하여 소정의 강도를 확보할수 있는 점토조성물을 개발하게 되었으며, 특히 산업부산물인 고로슬래그를 자극알칼리제와 함께 첨가하여 점토미립의 고결 및 고로슬래그의 잠재수경성 반응을 이용하여 점토조성물을 경화시킬수 있는 기술을 개발하고자 하였다. 이는 산업부산물의 유효이용과 함께 기존의 점토 소성에 따른 에너지 부담 감소를 함께 도모할 수 있을 것으로 판단된다.Therefore, the present inventors have developed a clay composition which can secure a predetermined strength by solidifying clay which is abundantly buried in Korea without undergoing a firing process, and in particular, by adding blast furnace slag, which is an industrial by-product, with a stimulating alkaline agent, The purpose of this study was to develop a technique for curing clay composition using latent hydrolysis of solidification and blast furnace slag. This is expected to be effective in reducing the energy burden due to the conventional clay firing along with the effective use of industrial by-products.
본 발명의 목적은 천연상태의 점토에 고로슬래그 미분말 및 고로슬래그의 수경성을 자극하는 자극알칼리제(자극알칼리제로는 NaOH, KOH, Ca(OH)2, CaSO4, NaCl, CaCl2, 물유리(규산소다) 등의 알칼리성 자극제이며, 이의 사용에 있어서는 단일사용 및 2∼4가지를 혼련하여 사용하는 자극제 등을 포함함)로 구성되는 점토-고로슬래그 복합체를 제조함으로써, 점토의 소성과정을 거치지 않고서도 고결하여 소정의 강도를 확보하며, 풀림을 방지할 수 있는 "고로슬래그와 자극알칼리제를 첨가한 점토조성물"을 제조하는 것이다.It is an object of the present invention to stimulate the hydrophobicity of blast furnace slag powder and blast furnace slag in natural clay (stimulating alkali agent as NaOH, KOH, Ca (OH) 2 , CaSO 4 , NaCl, CaCl 2 , water glass (sodium silicate) Alkali stimulant such as), and in the use thereof, including a single use and a stimulant used by kneading two to four kinds, etc.), a clay-blast furnace slag composite is prepared so that it is solidified without going through the firing process of clay. It is to prepare a "clay composition with the addition of blast furnace slag and stimulating alkaline agent" to ensure a predetermined strength, and to prevent loosening.
본 발명의 다른 목적은 점토의 소성과정을 거치지 않고 소요강도를 갖는 점토조성물을 생산할 수 있어 점토소성시 필요한 에너지를 줄일 수 있는 고로슬래그와 자극알칼리제를 첨가한 점토조성물을 제공하는 것이다.Another object of the present invention is to provide a clay composition with the addition of blast furnace slag and stimulating alkali that can produce a clay composition having the required strength without going through the sintering process of clay and can reduce the energy required for firing clay.
본 발명의 또 다른 목적은 점토의 소성과정을 거치지 않으므로 화석연료의 소비에 따른 환경유해물질(CO2가스 및 NOx, SOx등)의 대기방출을 억제할 수 있는 고로슬래그와 자극알칼리제를 첨가한 점토조성물을 제공하는 것이다.Another object of the present invention is to add a blast furnace slag and stimulating alkaline agent that can suppress the air emissions of environmentally harmful substances (CO 2 gas and NO x , SO x, etc.) according to the consumption of fossil fuel because it does not go through the firing process of clay To provide a clay composition.
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도 1 은 본 발명의 제조과정을 보인 사진예시도도 2 는 본 발명에 따른 점토질 흙의 입도곡선도1 is a photographic illustration showing a manufacturing process of the present invention Figure 2 is a particle size curve of the clay soil according to the present invention
본 발명인 고로슬래그와 자극알칼리제를 첨가한 점토조성물은 점토 및 고로슬래그 미분말과 고로슬래그의 잠재수경성을 자극하는 자극알칼리제(자극알칼리제로는 NaOH, KOH, Ca(OH)2, CaSO4, NaCl, CaCl2, 물유리(규산소다) 등의 알칼리성 자극제이며, 이의 사용에 있어서는 단일사용 및 2∼4가지를 혼련하여 사용하는 자극제 등을 포함함)를 소정의 중량비율로 혼합하여 제조한 점토-고로슬래그 혼합체로 구성된다.Clay composition to which the present invention is added blast furnace slag and stimulating alkali agent is a stimulating alkaline agent that stimulates the latent hydraulic properties of clay and blast furnace slag powder and blast furnace slag (as stimulating alkali agent NaOH, KOH, Ca (OH) 2 , CaSO 4 , NaCl, CaCl 2 , an alkaline stimulant such as water glass (sodium silicate), and in the use thereof, including a single use and a stimulant used by kneading two to four kinds), a clay-blast furnace slag mixture prepared by mixing at a predetermined weight ratio It consists of.
상기 점토는 제1차 점토 및 제2차 점토, 마사토 및 진흙 등과 같은 일반적 개념의 모든 흙을 지칭하며, 상기 여러 종류의 흙을 임의로 섞은 것도 포함한다.The clay refers to all soils of a general concept such as primary clays and secondary clays, masatos and muds, and also includes arbitrary mixing of the various kinds of soils.
상기 점토-고로슬래그 혼합체는 점토의 비율을 전체 중량의 20∼90％ 범위로 하며, 고로슬래그와 상기 고로슬래그 중량의 1∼20％의 자극알칼리제를 혼합하여 제조된 것으로, 상기의 점토와 혼합하여 반응하게 된다. 즉, 점토-고로슬래그-자극알카리제로 이루어진 본 발명의 점토조성물은 점토 17.2∼89.9wt%에 고로슬래그 8.6∼80.1wt% 및 자극알칼리제 0.1∼16wt% 를 혼합하도록 되어 있으며, 바람직하게는 점토 50∼85wt%에 고로슬래그 9.5∼50wt%와 자극알칼리제 3∼9.8wt%를 혼합하는 것이 자연적이고 친환경적인 점토 고유의 특성을 구비하면서 소정의 압축강도를 구비한다.The clay-blast furnace slag mixture has a ratio of clay in the range of 20 to 90% of the total weight, and is prepared by mixing blast furnace slag with 1-20% of an irritating alkaline agent of the blast furnace slag, and mixing with the clay Will react. That is, the clay composition of the present invention consisting of clay-blast furnace slag-stimulating alkali agent is to mix the blast furnace slag 8.6 ~ 80.1wt% and 0.1 ~ 16wt% stimulating alkali agent to clay 17.2 ~ 89.9wt%, preferably clay 50 ~ The mixing of 9.5-50 wt% of blast furnace slag and 3-9.8 wt% of stimulating alkaline agent with 85 wt% has a predetermined compressive strength with natural and environmentally friendly clay inherent characteristics.
고로슬래그는 자극알칼리제와 물에서 반응하여 수경성을 나타내고 경화되며 또한, 알칼리용액 성분은 점토의 미세립자 이온과의 응집반응 및 포졸란 반응을 일으켜, 점토를 소성하지 않고도 점토와 고로슬래그 및 자극알칼리제와의 반응으로 소정의 강도를 확보하고 풀림을 방지할 수 있게 된다.Blast furnace slag reacts with irritating alkaline agent in water to harden and harden.Alkaline solution component also causes coagulation and pozzolanic reaction with clay's microparticle ions, so that clay and blast furnace slag and irritating alkaline agent are not burned. The reaction ensures a certain strength and prevents loosening.
상기의 점토와 고로슬래그 및 자극알칼리제와의 수경반응과 이온사이의 응집반응 및 포졸란 반응으로 점토조성물은 밀실한 조직을 형성하여, 높은 압축강도 및 높은 표면경도를 얻을 수 있는 제품을 제조할 수 있다.The hydrophobic reaction between the clay and the blast furnace slag and the stimulating alkaline agent and the coagulation reaction between the ions and the pozzolanic reaction form the clay composition to produce a product having high compressive strength and high surface hardness. .
상기의 고로슬래그와 자극알칼리제를 첨가한 점토조성물의 제조방법에 있어서는 Extrusion에 의한 압출성형 방식과 Press에 의한 가압성형 방식 모두 적용될 수 있다.In the method of manufacturing a clay composition to which the blast furnace slag and the stimulating alkali agent are added, both extrusion molding by extrusion and pressure molding by pressing can be applied.
상기의 반응성을 거친 본 발명인 고로슬래그와 자극알칼리제를 첨가한 점토조성물의 물성을 측정하기 위해 Press에 의한 가압성형방식으로 실시한 실시예 1 내지 16의 시료배합 및 이에 대한 결과는 표 1 과 같다. 이때, 상기 가압성형은 유압력 120bar(120㎏f/㎠)이상의 압력으로 가압하였다.표 1Sample formulations of Examples 1 to 16 carried out by press molding method to measure the physical properties of the clay composition containing the blast furnace slag and the stimulating alkali agent of the present invention after the above reactivity are shown in Table 1 below. At this time, the pressing was pressurized at a pressure of 120 bar (120 kgf / cm 2) or more.
상기 실시예 1 내지 16 에서와 같이, 천연상태의 점토 또는 흙 80∼88wt%에 고로슬래그미분말 8∼12wt% 및 자극알칼리제 3∼9.8wt% 를 사용할 경우, 성형방법에 따라 차이가 있으나 모두 소정의 강도가 발현됨을 확인할 수 있다.이하 흙의 범위를 14.3∼90.4 wt%로 하고, 고로슬래그의 범위를 4.8∼80.9wt%, 자극알칼리제를 4.8wt% 로 하여 압축강도를 테스트하였으며, 이에 대한 결과는 표 2 와 같다. 이때, 성형방식은 지동가압성형방식을 사용하였으며, 상기 진동가압성형방식은 11㎾ 동력모터에 의해 진폭조정범위 3㎜, 회전수 3200rpm 으로 진동을 하였으며, 이와 동시에 유압력 120bar(120㎏f/㎠)이상의 압력으로 가압하였다.표 2상기 표 2 는 흙과 고로슬래그의 첨가량을 변경한 실시예 17 내지 26 에 관한 것으로, 여기에 사용된 흙은 도 2 에 도시된 바와 같은 입도곡선을 구비하고 있으며, 상기와 같은 흙에 고로슬래그 및 자극알칼리제를 첨가할 경우, 고로슬래그 미분말 첨가비율이 높아질수록 강도가 증가함을 알 수 있으며, 점토질 흙의 비율이 높아질 수록 강도가 떨어짐을 알 수 있다. 특히, 점토의 첨가비율이 85.7wt%에서 90.4wt%로 높아질 경우, 강도가 급격히 떨어짐을 알 수 있다. 또한, 점토의 첨가비율이 낮아지면서 강도는 점점 증가하나 점토 첨가 비율이 20∼15wt%로 낮아지게 되면 강도는 거의 증가하지 않음을 알 수 있다.그러므로, 점토 17.2∼85wt%에 고로슬래그 8.6∼80.1wt% 및 자극알칼리제 0.1∼16wt% 를 혼합할 경우, 모두 소정의 압축강도를 구비하고 있으나, 점토를 50wt% 미만으로 첨가할 경우, 자연적인 점토 고유의 특성을 구비하기 곤란하므로, 점토는 50wt% 이상을 유지하는 것이 바람직하다. 이와 같은 점토 50wt% 이상에 대해서는 고로슬래그 9.5∼50wt% 및 자극알칼리제 3∼9.8wt%를 혼합하는 것이 소정의 강도 및 점토 고유의 특성을 모두 구비하게 된다. 또한, 상기 실시예 17 내지 26 은 진동방식과 가압성형 방식을 동시에 행한 것으로, 가압성형방식에 의한 성형방식에 비해 더욱 치말한 제품의 제조가 가능하다. As in Examples 1 to 16, when blast furnace slag powder 8 to 12 wt% and 3 to 9.8 wt% of stimulating alkaline agent are used in 80 to 88 wt% of natural clay or soil, all of them are different depending on the molding method. The strength was expressed. Hereinafter, the compressive strength was tested with the soil range of 14.3 to 90.4 wt%, the blast furnace slag of 4.8 to 80.9 wt%, and the irritating alkaline agent to 4.8 wt%. Table 2 is as follows. At this time, the molding method was the use of the automatic pressing molding method, the vibration pressing molding method was vibrated in the amplitude adjustment range 3mm, rotation speed 3200rpm by an 11㎾ power motor, and at the same time the hydraulic pressure 120bar (120㎏f / ㎠) Pressurized to a pressure above) Table 2 Table 2 relates to Examples 17 to 26 in which the addition amount of soil and blast furnace slag is changed, and the soil used here has a particle size curve as shown in FIG. 2, and the blast furnace slag and the soil as described above. When the stimulating alkaline agent is added, it can be seen that the strength increases as the ratio of blast furnace slag fine powder is increased, and the strength decreases as the ratio of clay soil is increased. In particular, when the addition ratio of the clay is increased from 85.7wt% to 90.4wt%, it can be seen that the strength drops sharply. In addition, as the addition rate of clay decreases, the strength gradually increases, but when the clay addition rate decreases to 20 to 15 wt%, the strength hardly increases. Therefore, blast furnace slag 8.6 to 80.1 is applied to 17.2 to 85 wt% clay. When mixing wt% and 0.1-16 wt% of irritating alkali chemicals, all have a predetermined compressive strength. However, when clay is added below 50 wt%, it is difficult to have natural clay inherent properties. It is preferable to maintain abnormality. For more than 50 wt% of clay, mixing 9.5 to 50 wt% of blast furnace slag and 3 to 9.8 wt% of stimulating alkaline agent has both predetermined strength and intrinsic properties of clay. In addition, the embodiments 17 to 26 are performed at the same time the vibration method and the press molding method, it is possible to manufacture a more dense product than the molding method by the press molding method.
본 발명은 천연상태의 점토 또는 흙에 고로슬래그미분말과 자극알칼리제(자극알칼리제로는 NaOH, KOH, Ca(OH)2, CaSO4, NaCl, CaCl2, 물유리(규산소다) 등의 알칼리성 자극제이며, 이의 사용에 있어서는 단일사용 및 2∼4가지를 혼련하여 사용하는 자극제 등을 포함함)로 구성되는 점토-고로슬래그 복합체로써, 점토의 소성과정을 거치지 않고서도 고결하여 소정의 강도를 확보하며, 풀림을 방지할 수 있다. 또한, 점토의 소성과정을 거치지 않고 소요강도를 갖는 점토조성물을 생산할 수 있어 점토소성시 필요한 에너지를 감축할 수 있으며, 연료의 소비에 따른 환경유해물질(CO2가스 및 NOx, SOx등)의 대기 방출을 막을 수 있다.The present invention is an alkaline stimulant such as blast furnace slag powder and a stimulating alkaline agent (as a stimulating alkaline agent such as NaOH, KOH, Ca (OH) 2 , CaSO 4 , NaCl, CaCl 2 , water glass (soda silicate)) in natural clay or soil, Its use is a clay-blast furnace slag composite composed of a single use and a stimulant used by kneading 2 to 4 kinds), and it solidifies without going through the firing process of the clay to secure a predetermined strength and loosen. Can be prevented. In addition, it is possible to produce a clay composition with the required strength without going through the firing process of clay, which can reduce the energy required for firing clay, and environmentally harmful substances (CO 2 gas and NO x , SO x, etc.) according to fuel consumption. To prevent atmospheric emissions.
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| KR100866012B1 (en) | 2008-02-19 | 2008-10-29 | 주식회사동일기술공사 | The composition for soil pavement and the construction method of soil pavement using thereof |
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| AU2003221147A1 (en) * | 2002-04-16 | 2003-11-03 | G.Plus Co., Ltd. | Non-heating clay composites for building materials |
| KR100878682B1 (en) * | 2002-08-30 | 2009-01-13 | 주식회사 포스코 | Method for controlling formation of strong alkaline steel-making slag dissolution water |
| KR100908499B1 (en) * | 2008-03-03 | 2009-07-21 | 전남대학교산학협력단 | Method for fabricating alkali-activated reinforcement mortar with no cement |
| KR101410795B1 (en) * | 2012-08-31 | 2014-06-24 | 주식회사 씨엠디기술단 | Solidified agent for deep mixing method on sea |
| RU2548259C1 (en) * | 2014-04-08 | 2015-04-20 | Юлия Алексеевна Щепочкина | Ceramic mass to make bricks |
| KR102310854B1 (en) | 2020-11-28 | 2021-10-13 | (유)미성콘크리트 | Concrete manufactured with a salt-resistance enhancing composition capable of self-repairing concrete cracks, and a method for manufacturing concrete structures with improved salt-resistance |
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