CN111362631A - Full-solid waste type alkali-activated concrete and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Full-solid waste type alkali-activated concrete and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN111362631A CN111362631A CN202010273949.4A CN202010273949A CN111362631A CN 111362631 A CN111362631 A CN 111362631A CN 202010273949 A CN202010273949 A CN 202010273949A CN 111362631 A CN111362631 A CN 111362631A
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B28/00—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements
- C04B28/006—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements containing mineral polymers, e.g. geopolymers of the Davidovits type
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2111/00—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone or mixtures to prepare them, characterised by specific function, property or use
- C04B2111/00017—Aspects relating to the protection of the environment
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2201/00—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone characterised by specific physical values
- C04B2201/50—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone characterised by specific physical values for the mechanical strength
Abstract
The invention provides a full solid waste type alkali-activated concrete and a preparation method thereof, wherein the concrete comprises powder A, an alkali activator A, powder B and an alkali activator B; the powder A is selected from industrial solid wastes rich in silicon, aluminum and calcium, the content of calcium in the powder A is more than or equal to 10% and less than 50%, the content of silicon and aluminum in the powder A is more than or equal to 50% and less than 100%, the molar ratio of silicon and aluminum is 2.0-3.5, and the content of glass bodies exceeds 50%; the powder B is selected from industrial solid wastes rich in silicon, aluminum and calcium, the content of calcium in the powder B is more than 0 and less than 10 percent, the content of silicon and aluminum in the powder B is more than or equal to 75 percent and less than 100 percent, the molar ratio of silicon and aluminum is 1.5-4.0, and the content of glass bodies exceeds 50 percent; the alkali activators A and B respectively comprise alkali metal silicate, alkali hydroxide and water with different mass ratios. The strength of the full-solid waste type alkali-activated concrete is 43.28-58.74 MPa.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of building materials, and particularly relates to full-solid waste type alkali-activated concrete and a preparation method thereof.
Background
Alkali-activated cementitious materials (AAM) are inorganic cementitious materials consisting of one or more mineral components consisting of oxides rich in calcium, aluminum, silicon and one or more activators. Compared with OPC, AAM production has lower CO2 emission and lower energy consumption, and AAM has the characteristics of acid and chemical erosion resistance, high-temperature resistance, fire resistance, low heat conductivity, low permeability, quick setting and early strength under specific conditions and the like.
The alkali-activated concrete is formed by adding sandstone aggregate on the basis of a cementing material and can be prepared in the following two ways, wherein mineral components and an activator can be used as dry cementing materials for premixing, and then the premixed cementing materials are mixed with water, sand, aggregate and other chemical additives to obtain alkali-activated mortar or concrete, or the activator is used as an aqueous solution and is separately added into solid mixtures such as the mineral components, the sand, the aggregate and the like for mixing to obtain the alkali-activated mortar or concrete.
Mining waste rocks, mineral processing tailings, fuel waste powder and waste residues, smelting waste residues and other wastes discharged into the environment in the industrial production process contain a large amount of active silicon-aluminum components, so how to fully utilize the active silicon-aluminum components and reduce the pressure on the environment is a problem to be solved urgently.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above, the present invention aims to provide a full solid waste type alkali-activated concrete and a preparation method thereof, wherein the concrete makes full use of waste materials and has high strength.
The invention provides a full-solid waste type alkali-activated concrete, which comprises powder A, an alkali activator A, powder B and an alkali activator B;
the powder is selected from industrial solid waste rich in silicon, aluminum and calcium, the content of calcium in the powder A is more than or equal to 10% and less than 50%, the content of silicon and aluminum in the powder A is more than or equal to 50% and less than 100%, the molar ratio of silicon and aluminum is 2.0-3.5, and the content of glass is more than 50%;
the powder B is selected from industrial solid waste rich in calcium silicon aluminum, the content of calcium in the powder B is more than 0 and less than 10 percent, the content of silicon aluminum is more than or equal to 75 percent and less than 100 percent, the molar ratio of the silicon aluminum is 1.5-4.0, and the content of glass body is more than 50 percent.
The alkali activator A comprises the following components in a mass ratio of 48-88: 4-14: 1-42 of an alkali metal silicate, an alkali hydroxide and water;
the alkali activator B comprises the following components in a mass ratio of 45-71: 8-13: 20 to 44 of an alkali metal silicate, an alkali hydroxide and water.
Preferably, the mass ratio of the powder A to the alkali activator A is 56-78: 22-44; the mass ratio of the powder B to the alkali activator B is 48-71: 29-52; the mass ratio of the powder B to the total mass of the powder A and the alkali activator A is 0.30-0.35: 1.
Preferably, the content of calcium in the powder A is more than or equal to 12% and less than 41%;
the content of calcium in the powder B is more than or equal to 2% and less than 4%.
Preferably, the modulus of the alkali metal silicate is 2.43-3.34; the Baume degree of the alkali metal silicate is 40 to 50.
Preferably, the alkaline hydroxide is selected from technical grade sodium hydroxide or technical grade potassium hydroxide.
The invention provides a preparation method of the full-solid waste type alkali-activated concrete in the technical scheme, which comprises the following steps:
stirring and mixing the powder A and the alkaline activator A to form balls, and standing for 13-18 min to obtain artificial aggregate;
and mixing and stirring the artificial aggregate and the powder B for 20-60 s, adding the alkali activator B, stirring for 3-5 min, casting, molding, laminating and sealing, standing at normal temperature for 0-48 h, and curing for 24-48 h to obtain the full-solid waste alkali-activated concrete.
Preferably, the adding rate ratio of the powder A to the alkaline activator A is 100-200 g/min: 29-168 g/min; and the alkaline activator A is added firstly.
Preferably, the alkali-activator A is mixed and stirred with the powder A in a mode of combining continuous dripping and atomization spraying.
The invention provides a full-solid waste type alkali-activated concrete, which comprises powder A, an alkali activator A, powder B and an alkali activator B; the powder A is selected from industrial solid wastes rich in calcium silicon aluminum, and by mass, the content of calcium in the powder A is more than or equal to 10% and less than 50%, the content of silicon aluminum in the powder A is more than or equal to 50% and less than 100%, the molar ratio of silicon aluminum is 2.0-3.5, and the content of glass bodies is more than 50%; the powder B is selected from industrial solid waste rich in calcium silicon aluminum, the content of calcium in the powder B is more than 0 and less than 10 percent, the content of silicon aluminum is more than or equal to 75 percent and less than 100 percent, the molar ratio of the silicon aluminum is 1.5-4.0, and the content of glass body is more than 50 percent; the alkali activator A comprises the following components in a mass ratio of 48-88: 4-14: 1-42 of an alkali metal silicate, an alkali hydroxide and water; the alkali activator B comprises the following components in a mass ratio of 45-71: 8-13: 20 to 44 of an alkali metal silicate, an alkali hydroxide and water. According to the invention, the artificial aggregate is prepared from the solid waste powder A with high calcium content and the alkaline activator A under the dosage, and then the solid waste powder B with low calcium content and the alkaline activator B are added in situ to obtain the high-strength full-solid waste type alkaline-activated concrete. Limestone, clay, iron ore powder and sandstone aggregate used by cement are natural resources and have non-regenerability. The experimental results show that: the strength of the full-solid waste type alkali-activated concrete is 43.28-58.74 MPa.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a process flow diagram of the present invention for preparing all-solid-waste alkali-activated concrete.
Detailed Description
The invention provides a full-solid waste type alkali-activated concrete, which comprises powder A, an alkali activator A, powder B and an alkali activator B;
in the invention, the powder A is selected from industrial solid wastes rich in silicon, aluminum and calcium, and the content of calcium in the powder A is more than or equal to 10% and less than 50%, the content of silicon and aluminum in the powder A is more than or equal to 50% and less than 100%, the molar ratio of silicon and aluminum is 2.0-3.5, and the content of glass bodies is more than 50% by mass. The powder A is selected from one or more industrial solid wastes such as high-calcium common fly ash, high-calcium sulfur-fixing ash, blast furnace slag, other high-calcium metallurgical slag and the like, and silicon source, aluminum source and calcium source substances represented by silica fume, high-aluminum fly ash, slag and the like are supplemented if necessary. Preferably, the content of calcium in the powder A is more than or equal to 12% and less than 41%, in a specific embodiment, the powder A is high-calcium common fly ash with the calcium content of 12.03%, S95 blast furnace slag with the calcium content of 40.6%, or high-calcium sulfur-fixing ash with the calcium content of 21.32%, or a composite system with the calcium content of 13.92%.
In the invention, the powder B is selected from industrial solid wastes rich in silicon, aluminum and calcium, and the content of calcium in the powder B is more than 0 and less than 10 percent, preferably more than 2 and less than or equal to 7 percent, and more preferably more than 2 and less than or equal to 4 percent by mass; the content of silicon-aluminum is more than or equal to 75% and less than 100%, the molar ratio of silicon-aluminum is 1.5-4.0, and the content of a glass body exceeds 50%. The powder B is preferably one or more of industrial solid wastes such as low-calcium common fly ash, low-calcium solid sulfur ash, low-calcium metallurgical slag and the like, and silicon sources and aluminum sources represented by silica fume, high-alumina fly ash and the like are supplemented if necessary. In a specific embodiment, the powder B is low-calcium common fly ash with calcium content of 2.48%; or low-calcium sulfur-fixing ash with 3.49 percent of calcium content, or a composite system of low-calcium common fly ash and silica fume, wherein the calcium content is 2.28 percent. In the invention, the alkaline activator A comprises the following components in a mass ratio of 48-88: 4-14: 1-42 of an alkali metal silicate, an alkali hydroxide and water; the alkali activator B comprises the following components in a mass ratio of 45-71: 8-13: 20 to 44 of an alkali metal silicate, an alkali hydroxide and water. The modulus of the alkali metal silicate is preferably 2.43-3.34; the Baume degree of the alkali metal silicate is 40 to 50. In a specific embodiment, the alkali silicate is water glass; the modulus of the water glass in the alkali activator A is 3.34; the modulus of water glass in the alkali-activator B was 2.43. The mass ratio of alkali metal silicate, alkali hydroxide and water in the alkali activator A is 59.7:9.5:30.8, or 59.7:7.5:32.8, or 86.2:8.5:5.3, or 73.2:12.4: 14.4; the mass ratio of alkali metal silicate, alkali hydroxide and water in the alkali activator B is specifically 52:8:40, or 64.2:8.4:27.4, or 52:8:40, or 56:10.2: 33.8. A water reducing agent is added into the alkali activator B when necessary; the water reducing agent is selected from lignosulfonate and/or naphthalene sulfonate formaldehyde condensate.
In the present invention, the alkaline hydroxide is preferably selected from technical grade sodium hydroxide or technical grade potassium hydroxide.
In the invention, the mass ratio of the powder A to the alkaline activator A is 56-78: 22-44; the mass ratio of the powder B to the alkali activator B is 48-71: 29-52; the mass ratio of the powder B to the total mass of the powder A and the alkali activator A is 0.30-0.35: 1. In a specific embodiment, the mass ratio of the alkali-activator A to the powder A is 0.28, 0.32, 0.48 or 0.80; the mass ratio of the alkali activator B to the powder B is 0.49, 0.88, 0.55 or 0.53; the ratio of the powder B to the total mass of the powder A and the alkali activator A is 0.33:1 or 0.34:1 or 0.35:1 or 0.32: 1.
The invention provides a preparation method of the full-solid waste type alkali-activated concrete in the technical scheme, which comprises the following steps:
stirring and mixing the powder A and the alkaline activator A to form balls, and standing for 13-18 min after the feeding is finished to obtain artificial aggregate with controllable particle size;
and mixing and stirring the artificial aggregate and the powder B for 20-60 s, adding the alkali activator B, stirring for 3-5 min, casting, molding, laminating and sealing, standing at normal temperature for 0-48 h, and curing for 24-48 h to obtain the full-solid waste alkali-activated concrete.
In the invention, the alkali-activator A is mixed with the powder A in a mode of combining continuous dripping and atomization spraying. The obtained artificial aggregate has controllable particle size, the maximum particle size of the artificial aggregate is determined by the section size of a member and the distance between reinforcing steel bars, the particle size is controlled by the solid-liquid feeding rate ratio and the stirring time, and the aperture and the number of nozzles used when the alkaline exciting agent A is added are determined according to the grading requirement, the viscosity of the exciting liquid and the dosage of the exciting agent. In the embodiment of the invention, the particle size range of the artificial aggregate is 160-20 mm.
In the examples of the present invention, the particle size distribution of the artificial aggregate is shown in Table 1:
TABLE 1 particle size distribution of artificial aggregates
In the invention, the adding rate ratio of the powder A to the alkaline activator A is 100-200 g/min: 29-168 g/min; and the alkaline activator A is added firstly. In the specific embodiment of the invention, the adding speed of the powder A is 125 g/min; the addition rate of the alkali-activator A is 37g/min, or 105g/min, or 63g/min, or 42 g/min.
After the artificial aggregate is obtained, mixing and stirring the artificial aggregate and the powder B for 20-60 s, adding the alkaline activator B, stirring for 3-5 min, casting, molding, laminating and sealing, standing at normal temperature for 0-48 h, and then putting into a high-low temperature alternating curing box for curing for 24-48 h to obtain the full-solid waste type alkaline-activated concrete. The curing temperature is 20-100 ℃, and the curing humidity is 50-97%.
In a specific embodiment, the artificial aggregate and the powder B are mixed and stirred for 30s, then the alkaline activator B is added, and stirring is carried out for 4 min.
The invention is preferably cast and molded in a cubic test mold. In the invention, the maintenance is preferably carried out in a high-low temperature alternating humid heat test chamber; the steam curing humidity is preferably 95% and the temperature is 60 ℃; the curing time is preferably 0-48 h, and more preferably 12-36 h; in a specific example, the steam curing time is 24 hours. The invention preferably continues to cure in a standard curing box to 28 years after removal of the form.
Referring to fig. 1, fig. 1 is a process flow diagram for preparing the total solid waste type alkali-activated concrete according to the present invention; as seen from fig. 1: mixing the powder A and the excitant A, and pelletizing to obtain artificial aggregate; and dry-mixing the artificial aggregate and the powder B to obtain a solid mixture, and wet-mixing the solid mixture with the activator B to obtain the alkali-activated concrete.
The invention adopts GB/T50081-2002 to test the cubic compressive strength of the full-solid waste type alkali-activated concrete. The test result shows that the all-solid waste alkali-activated concrete provided by the invention has the compressive strength equivalent to or higher than that of the traditional alkali-activated concrete.
In order to further illustrate the present invention, the following examples are provided to describe the total solid waste type alkali-activated concrete and the preparation method thereof in detail, but they should not be construed as limiting the scope of the present invention.
The high-calcium ordinary fly ash used in the following examples is derived from a certain power plant in Xinjiang (calcium content is 12.03%), the high-calcium sulfur-fixing ash is derived from a certain power plant in Yunnan (calcium content is 21.32%), the low-calcium sulfur-fixing ash is derived from a certain power plant in Shanxi (calcium content is 3.49%), the low-calcium ordinary fly ash is derived from a certain power plant in Shanxi (calcium content is 2.48%), S95 blast furnace slag (calcium content is 40.6%), silicon ash with calcium content of 0.55% is purchased from mineral products Limited in Shenshu county, and other raw materials are commercially available.
Comparative example 1
The raw material ratio is as follows:
the mixed solid phase components and parts (by weight) are as follows:
48 parts of saturated face-dry coarse aggregate macadam (with the particle size of 5-20 mm and continuous gradation); 22 parts of fine aggregate natural river sand in a saturated face dry state; 30 parts of low-calcium common fly ash (the calcium content is 2.48%);
the mixed liquid excitant comprises the following components in parts by weight:
52 parts of water glass (modulus is 2.43); 8 parts of sodium hydroxide (96 mass percent) and 40 parts of tap water;
solution/adhesive 0.45;
aggregate/binder 2.33.
The specific preparation process comprises the following steps:
(1) respectively soaking sandstone aggregates (namely coarse aggregate macadam and fine aggregate natural sand) for 24 hours, taking out the sandstone aggregates, placing the sandstone aggregates in a lower water permeable container, and naturally drying the sandstone aggregates until the surface of the sandstone aggregates has no free water, thus obtaining the sandstone aggregates in a saturated surface dry state;
(2) uniformly mixing liquid water glass, a sodium hydroxide solution and tap water according to the proportion to obtain a mixed liquid phase, and standing for 24 hours for later use;
(3) adding the coarse aggregate macadam in a saturated surface dry state, the fine aggregate natural sand in a saturated surface dry state and the low-calcium common fly ash into a concrete mixer according to the proportion, and uniformly stirring to obtain a mixed solid phase;
(4) uniformly mixing the mixed solid phase obtained in the step (3) with the mixed liquid phase obtained in the step (2) to obtain alkali-activated concrete slurry;
(5) pouring the concrete slurry obtained in the step (4) into a cube test mold of 100mm × 100mm × 100mm, pouring and forming, laminating and sealing, curing at normal temperature for 24h, then placing into a high-low temperature alternating humid heat test box, curing for 24h at the humidity of 95% and the temperature of 60 ℃, and curing in a standard curing box to the age of 28 days after removing the mold;
(6) the obtained alkali-activated concrete with the age of 28 days is subjected to mechanical property test, and the basic indexes are as follows: the average value of the cubic compressive strength is 41.21 MPa.
The chemical compositions of the raw materials used in the following examples 1 to 4 are shown in table 2:
TABLE 2 chemical composition (wt%) of raw materials used in examples 1 to 4
Example 1
The raw material ratio is as follows:
the powder material A comprises the following components in parts by weight:
100 parts of high-calcium common fly ash (the calcium content is 12.03 percent);
the mixed liquid excitant A comprises the following components in parts by weight:
59.7 parts of water glass (modulus is 3.34); 9.5 parts of sodium hydroxide (96% mass concentration) and 30.8 parts of tap water;
the powder material B comprises the following components in parts by weight:
100 parts of low-calcium common fly ash (the calcium content is 2.48%);
the mixed liquid excitant B comprises the following components in parts by weight:
52 parts of water glass (modulus is 2.43), 8 parts of sodium hydroxide (96% mass concentration) and 40 parts of tap water;
the ratio of the liquid excitant A to the powder material A is 0.28;
powder material B/(powder material A + liquid activator A) ═ 0.32: 1;
the ratio of liquid activator B/powder material B was 0.49.
The specific preparation process comprises the following steps:
(1) respectively mixing liquid water glass, a sodium hydroxide solution and tap water according to the proportion to obtain a liquid excitant A and a liquid excitant B, and standing for 24 hours for later use;
(2) weighing powder material A, and synchronously and continuously adding the powder material A and a prepared liquid excitant A under the action of low-speed stirring of a stirrer, wherein the liquid excitant A is mixed and stirred with the powder A in a mode of combining continuous dripping and atomization spraying. The adding speed of the powder A is 125 g/min; the adding speed of the alkaline activator A is 37 g/min; standing for 15min after the addition is finished.
(3) Adding the powder material B into the artificial aggregate obtained in the step (2), carrying out low-speed dry mixing for 60s, adding the liquid activator B, and stirring for 4min to obtain alkali-activated concrete slurry;
(4) injecting the concrete slurry in the step (3) into a cube test mold of 100mm × 100mm × 100mm, pouring and forming, laminating and sealing, curing at normal temperature for 24h, then placing into a high-low temperature alternating humid heat test box, curing for 24h at the humidity of 95% and the temperature of 60 ℃, and curing in a standard curing box to the age of 28 days after removing the mold;
(5) the obtained alkali-activated concrete with the age of 28 days is subjected to mechanical property test, and the basic indexes are as follows: the average value of the cubic compressive strength is 52.33 MPa.
Example 2
The raw material ratio is as follows:
the powder material A comprises the following components in parts by weight:
100 parts of high-calcium sulfur fixation ash;
the mixed liquid excitant A comprises the following components in parts by weight:
59.7 parts of water glass (modulus is 3.34), 7.5 parts of sodium hydroxide (96% mass concentration) and 32.8 parts of tap water;
the powder material B comprises the following components in parts by weight:
100 parts of low-calcium sulfur-fixing ash (the calcium content is 3.49%);
the mixed liquid excitant B comprises the following components in parts by weight:
64.2 parts of water glass (modulus is 2.43), 8.4 parts of sodium hydroxide (96% mass concentration) and 27.4 parts of tap water;
the ratio of the liquid excitant A to the powder material A is 0.80;
powder material B/(powder material A + liquid activator A) ═ 0.35: 1;
the ratio of the liquid activator B to the powder material B was 0.88.
The specific preparation process comprises the following steps:
(1) respectively mixing liquid water glass, a sodium hydroxide solution and tap water according to the proportion to obtain a liquid excitant A and a liquid excitant B, and standing for 24 hours for later use;
(2) weighing powder material A, and under the action of low-speed stirring of a stirrer, synchronously and continuously adding the powder material A and a liquid excitant A prepared in advance, wherein the liquid excitant A is mixed and stirred with the powder A in a continuous dripping and atomizing spraying mode. The adding speed of the powder A is 125 g/min; the adding speed of the alkaline activator A is 105 g/min; standing for 15min after the addition is finished.
(3) Adding the powder material B into the artificial aggregate obtained in the step (2), carrying out low-speed dry mixing for 60s, and adding the liquid activator B to obtain alkali-activated concrete slurry;
(4) injecting the concrete slurry in the step (3) into a cube test mold of 100mm × 100mm × 100mm, pouring and forming, laminating and sealing, curing at normal temperature for 24h, then placing into a high-low temperature alternating humid heat test box, curing for 24h at the humidity of 95% and the temperature of 60 ℃, and curing in a standard curing box to the age of 28 days after removing the mold;
(5) the obtained alkali-activated concrete with the age of 28 days is subjected to mechanical property test, and the basic index is that the average value of the cubic compressive strength is 43.28 MPa.
Example 3
The raw material ratio is as follows:
the powder material A comprises the following components in parts by weight:
s95 slag (calcium content 40.6%);
the mixed liquid excitant A comprises the following components in parts by weight:
86.2 parts of water glass (modulus of 3.34); 8.5 parts of sodium hydroxide (96% mass concentration) and 5.3 parts of tap water;
the powder material B comprises the following components in parts by weight:
100 parts of low-calcium common fly ash (the calcium content is 2.48%);
the mixed liquid excitant B comprises the following components in parts by weight:
52 parts of water glass (modulus is 2.43), 8 parts of sodium hydroxide (96% mass concentration) and 40 parts of tap water;
the ratio of the liquid excitant A to the powder material A is 0.48;
powder material B/(powder material a + liquid activator a) ═ 0.34: 1;
the ratio of the liquid activator B/the powder material B was 0.55.
The specific preparation process comprises the following steps:
(1) respectively mixing liquid water glass, a sodium hydroxide solution and tap water according to the proportion to obtain a liquid excitant A and a liquid excitant B, and standing for 24 hours for later use;
(2) weighing powder material A, and under the action of low-speed stirring of a stirrer, synchronously and continuously adding the powder material A and a liquid excitant A prepared in advance, wherein the liquid excitant A is mixed and stirred with the powder A in a continuous dripping and atomizing spraying mode. The adding speed of the powder A is 125 g/min; the adding speed of the alkaline activator A is 63 g/min; standing for 15min after the addition is finished.
(3) Adding the powder material B into the artificial aggregate obtained in the step (2), carrying out low-speed dry mixing for 60s, and adding the liquid activator B to obtain alkali-activated concrete slurry;
(4) injecting the concrete slurry in the step (3) into a cube test mold of 100mm × 100mm × 100mm, pouring and forming, laminating and sealing, curing at normal temperature for 24h, then placing into a high-low temperature alternating humid heat test box, curing for 24h at the humidity of 95% and the temperature of 60 ℃, and curing in a standard curing box to the age of 28 days after removing the mold;
(5) the obtained alkali-activated concrete with the age of 28 days is subjected to mechanical property test, and the basic index is that the average value of the cubic compressive strength is 58.74 MPa.
Example 4
The raw material ratio is as follows:
the powder material A comprises the following components in parts by weight:
70 parts of low-calcium common fly ash and 30 parts of blast furnace slag (the calcium content is 13.92%);
the mixed liquid excitant A comprises the following components in parts by weight:
73.2 parts of water glass (modulus is 3.34); 12.4 parts of sodium hydroxide (96 mass percent) and 14.4 parts of tap water;
the powder material B comprises the following components in parts by weight:
90 parts of low-calcium common fly ash and 10 parts of silica fume (the calcium content is 2.28%);
the mixed liquid excitant B comprises the following components in parts by weight:
56 parts of water glass (modulus is 2.43); 10.2 parts of sodium hydroxide (96% mass concentration) solution and 33.8 parts of tap water;
the ratio of the liquid excitant A to the powder material A is 0.32;
powder material B/(powder material a + liquid activator a) ═ 0.33: 1;
the ratio of liquid activator B/powder material B was 0.53.
The specific preparation process comprises the following steps:
(1) respectively mixing liquid water glass, a sodium hydroxide solution and tap water according to the proportion to obtain a liquid excitant A and a liquid excitant B, and standing for 24 hours for later use;
(2) weighing powder material A, and under the action of low-speed stirring of a stirrer, synchronously and continuously adding the powder material A and a liquid excitant A prepared in advance, wherein the liquid excitant A is mixed and stirred with the powder A in a continuous dripping and atomizing spraying mode. The adding speed of the powder A is 125 g/min; the adding speed of the alkaline activator A is 42 g/min; standing for 15min after the addition is finished.
(3) Adding the powder material B into the artificial aggregate obtained in the step (2), carrying out low-speed dry mixing for 60s, and adding the liquid activator B to obtain alkali-activated concrete slurry;
(4) injecting the concrete slurry in the step (3) into a cube test mold of 100mm × 100mm × 100mm, pouring and forming, laminating and sealing, curing at normal temperature for 24h, then placing into a high-low temperature alternating humid heat test box, curing for 24h at the humidity of 95% and the temperature of 60 ℃, and curing in a standard curing box to the age of 28 days after removing the mold;
(5) the obtained alkali-activated concrete with the age of 28 days is subjected to mechanical property test, and the basic index is that the average value of the cubic compressive strength is 53.66 MPa.
From the above embodiments, the invention provides a full solid waste type alkali-activated concrete, which comprises powder a, an alkali activator a, powder B and an alkali activator B; the powder A is selected from industrial solid waste rich in calcium silicon aluminum, the content of calcium in the powder A is more than or equal to 10% and less than 50%, the content of silicon aluminum in the powder A is more than or equal to 50% and less than 100%, the molar ratio of the silicon aluminum is 2.0-3.5, and the content of glass is more than 50%; the powder B is selected from industrial solid waste rich in calcium silicon aluminum, the content of calcium in the powder B is more than 0 and less than 10 percent, the content of silicon aluminum is more than or equal to 75 percent and less than 100 percent, the molar ratio of the silicon aluminum is 1.5-4.0, and the content of glass body is more than 50 percent; the alkali activator A comprises the following components in a mass ratio of 48-88: 4-14: 1-42 of an alkali metal silicate, an alkali hydroxide and water; the alkali activator B comprises the following components in a mass ratio of 45-71: 8-13: 20 to 44 of an alkali metal silicate, an alkali hydroxide and water. The invention adopts the solid waste powder A with high calcium content and the alkali activator A to prepare artificial aggregate under the dosage, and then adds the solid waste powder B with low calcium content and the alkali activator B in situ to obtain the high-strength full-solid waste alkali-activated concrete. The experimental results show that: the strength of the full-solid waste type alkali-activated concrete is 43.28-58.74 MPa.
The foregoing is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and it should be noted that, for those skilled in the art, various modifications and decorations can be made without departing from the principle of the present invention, and these modifications and decorations should also be regarded as the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (9)
1. An in-situ preparation method of full-solid waste type alkali-activated concrete comprises a powder A, an alkali activator A, a powder B and an alkali activator B;
the powder A is selected from industrial solid wastes rich in silicon, aluminum and calcium, the content of calcium in the powder A is more than or equal to 10% and less than 50%, the content of silicon and aluminum in the powder A is more than or equal to 50% and less than 100%, the molar ratio of silicon and aluminum is 2.0-3.5, and the content of glass bodies is more than 50%;
the powder B is selected from industrial solid waste rich in calcium silicon aluminum, the content of calcium in the powder B is more than 0 and less than 10 percent, the content of silicon aluminum is more than or equal to 75 percent and less than 100 percent, the molar ratio of the silicon aluminum is 1.5-4.0, and the content of glass body is more than 50 percent;
the alkali activator A comprises the following components in a mass ratio of 48-88: 4-14: 1-42 of an alkali metal silicate, an alkali hydroxide and water;
the alkali activator B comprises the following components in a mass ratio of 45-71: 8-13: 20 to 44 of an alkali metal silicate, an alkali hydroxide and water.
2. The all-solid-waste alkali-activated concrete according to claim 1, wherein the mass ratio of the powder A to the alkali-activating agent A is 56-78: 22-44; the mass ratio of the powder B to the alkali activator B is 48-71: 29-52; the mass ratio of the powder B to the total mass of the powder A and the alkali activator A is 0.30-0.35: 1.
3. The total solid waste type alkali-activated concrete according to claim 1, wherein the content of calcium in the powder A is more than or equal to 12% and less than 41%;
the content of calcium in the powder B is more than or equal to 2% and less than 4%.
4. The all-solid-waste alkali-activated concrete according to claim 1, wherein the modulus of the alkali metal silicate is 2.43 to 3.34; the Baume degree of the alkali metal silicate is 40 to 50.
5. The all-solid waste type alkali-activated concrete according to claim 1, wherein the alkali hydroxide is selected from technical grade sodium hydroxide or technical grade potassium hydroxide.
6. A preparation method of the full-solid waste type alkali-activated concrete as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 5, comprising the following steps:
stirring and mixing the powder A and the alkaline activator A to form balls, and standing for 13-18 min to obtain artificial aggregate;
and mixing and stirring the artificial aggregate and the powder B for 20-60 s, adding the alkali activator B, stirring for 3-5 min, casting, molding, laminating and sealing, standing at normal temperature for 0-48 h, and curing for 24-48 h to obtain the full-solid waste alkali-activated concrete.
7. The preparation method according to claim 6, wherein the addition rate ratio of the powder A to the alkali-activator A is 100-200 g/min: 29-168 g/min; and the alkaline activator A is added firstly.
8. The preparation method according to claim 6, wherein the alkali-activator A is mixed with the powder A by a combination of continuous dropping and atomization spraying.
9. The method according to claim 6, wherein the curing temperature is 20 to 100 ℃ and the curing humidity is 50 to 97%.
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