KR100414244B1 - combustion apparatus using supercritical water - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention relates to a combustion apparatus, comprising: a combustion means (100) for winding a spiral fuel supply pipe (106) through which a high pressure mixed fuel flows to directly receive a flame to burn a supercritical mixed fuel under high temperature and high pressure; A high pressure pump 110 connected to the spiral fuel supply pipe 106 to supply a high pressure mixed fuel to the spiral fuel supply pipe 106; A fuel supply means 120 receiving fuel and water and stirring and mixing the fuel at a predetermined ratio to transfer the mixed fuel to the high pressure pump 110; A fuel supply line 130 which receives fuel from the fuel tank 160 and supplies initial starting fuel to the high pressure pump 110 by external control; Remixing means (140) connected to the combustion means (100) for remixing residual mixed fuel delivered to the combustion means (100) when the combustion means (100) is restarted; And, if the supply pressure of the mixed fuel supplied in connection with the high pressure pump 110 is more than a predetermined constant pressure maintaining means 150 for automatically blocking the mixed fuel delivered to the high pressure pump 110 side; Supercritical mixed fuel combustors are the technical subject. Accordingly, there is no pollution by burning supercritical water together with oil, and there is an advantage of saving fuel by burning supercritical hydrogen, easy heating at initial start-up, and remixing of mixed mixed fuel when restarting. This is possible, and the supply amount of the mixed fuel supplied to the nozzle side is automatically cut off / supplied, there is an advantage that the overpressure on the nozzle side is prevented.

Description

Combustion apparatus using supercritical water

TECHNICAL FIELD The present invention relates to a combustion apparatus, and more particularly, to a supercritical water mixed fuel combustion apparatus that uses water as a fuel by combusting supercritical water with fuel.

In general, in the case of a combustion device, heat generated by burning fuel using fuel is used. The combustion apparatus not only has a low combustion rate due to incomplete combustion of fuel but also emits pollutants such as carbon monoxide by incomplete combustion.

In order to solve the above problem, Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. Hei 11-101418 discloses a combustion device.

As shown in FIG. 1, the combustion apparatus includes a burner hood 10 having an opening 10a on the front surface for emitting a flame, and a through hole provided in the rear partition wall 10b of the burner hood 10. An air supply cylinder 11 having an opening formed at the tip of 10c), a blower 17 for blowing air into the air supply cylinder 11, and a vortex in the blown air One side of the vortex generator 20, the mixed fuel injection nozzle 13 having a tip formed into the center hole of the vortex generator 20, and the nozzle 13, the opening of the burner hood 10 10a) a mixed fuel supply pipe 12 connected to the high pressure pump 16 through the spiral heating part 12a and a suction pipe 19 of the high pressure pump 16 inserted therein and filled with water and fuel oil It consists of a tank 30 and stirring means 30 for mixing the water and fuel oil with a mixed fuel.

When the water is mixed with the fuel oil and heated in the spiral heating unit 12a to supercritical water, the water is decomposed into hydrogen and oxygen, and is injected through the nozzle 13 together with the fuel oil to combust the combustion.

However, the above prior art has a problem described below.

First, in order to achieve the supercritical water of the water heated in the spiral heating unit, the water pressure must be 220 atm or higher and the temperature of 374 ° C. or more to achieve the purpose of the prior art. There is a problem in that water is not heated by the heat transfer method.

Second, since water and fuel oil are supplied to the nozzle side by the pumping of the high pressure pump, there is a problem that the pressure inside the heat resistant pipe cannot be controlled and rises indefinitely by the continuous pumping of the high pressure pump.

Third, in order to heat the mixed fuel to the threshold temperature, in the initial stage of ignition and start-up, the mixed fuel to be burned is heated and ignited with a separate fuel (such as gas fuel, heavy oil, diesel fuel) or pure fuel, and then gradually There is a problem in that it is impossible to increase the ratio of water from the beginning or within a short time synchronized because it burns and heats while increasing the ratio of water in the ratio of water and fuel. In addition, water and fuel should be added to the reservoir tank in a desired ratio and stirred using a stirring vane to be used as a mixed fuel. Therefore, the mixed fuel inputted at the initial and previous stages must be exhausted from the reservoir tank. Therefore, it takes a long time to reach a high water mixing ratio from a low water mixing ratio, and there is a problem in that fuel loss occurs.

Accordingly, the present invention has been made to solve the above problems, and an object of the present invention is to provide a mixed fuel combustion apparatus using supercritical water that is free of pollution and saves fuel by burning supercritical water with oil. do.

It is also an object of the present invention to provide a supercritical mixed fuel combustor that is easy to heat at initial startup and that can be remixed in stock upon restart.

In addition, an object of the present invention is to provide a supercritical mixed fuel combustor in which the supply amount of the mixed fuel supplied to the nozzle side is automatically blocked / supplied to prevent overpressure on the nozzle side.

1 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a combustion apparatus according to the prior art.

2-Schematic diagram showing the configuration of a supercritical water mixed fuel combustion apparatus according to the present invention.

3-a detailed view of the combustion means;

<Description of Symbols for Major Parts of Drawings>

100: combustion means 101: heat insulation wall

102: induction heating unit 102a: heat dissipation diffusion unit

103: nozzle 104: vortex generator

105: blower 106: spiral fuel supply pipe

107: air supply pipe 108: pilot burner

110: high pressure pump 120: fuel supply means

121: mixing feeder 122: mixer

130: fuel supply line 140: remixing means

141: electromagnetic valve 142: cooling coil

143: cooling blower 150: constant pressure holding means

151: static pressure sensor 152: connection switch

160: fuel tank 170: water tank

181: first electron side 182: second electron side

183: third electronic valve 190: pressure gauge valve

The present invention for achieving the above object is, the spiral fuel supply pipe is a high-pressure mixed fuel flows are wound, the combustion means for directly receiving the flame to burn the supercritical water mixed fuel at high temperature and high pressure; A high pressure pump connected to the spiral fuel supply pipe to supply a high pressure mixed fuel to the spiral supply pipe; A fuel supply means for receiving a fuel and water, stirring and mixing at a predetermined ratio to deliver a mixed fuel to the high pressure pump; A fuel supply line configured to receive fuel from a fuel tank and supply initial starting fuel to the high pressure pump by external control; Remixing means connected to said combustion means for remixing residual mixed fuel delivered to said combustion means upon restarting of said combustion means; And, if the supply pressure of the mixed fuel supplied and connected to the high pressure pump is more than a predetermined constant pressure maintaining means for automatically blocking the mixed fuel delivered to the high pressure pump side; supercritical water mixed fuel combustion apparatus comprising a technical Make a point.

Here, the combustion means, the heat insulation wall; An induction heating unit formed in the heat insulation wall to induce flame and wound the spiral fuel supply pipe; A nozzle connected to the spiral fuel supply pipe and injecting a mixed fuel to the induction heating part; And a vortex generator formed on the outer circumferential surface of the nozzle to vortex the air delivered from the blower.

The fuel supply means includes a blending supply for blending and supplying water and fuel; It is preferably configured to include; a mixer connected to the blending feeder to mix the water and fuel supplied from the blending feeder.

The remixing means may include: an electronic valve connected to the high pressure pump to branch the mixed fuel delivered from the high pressure pump; A cooling coil connected to the electron valve and cooling the mixed fuel introduced through the electron valve to be delivered to the mixer side; And a cooling blower that provides wind to the cooling coil to cool the mixed fuel flowing through the inside of the cooling coil.

The static pressure holding means includes: a static pressure sensor installed between the mixer and the high pressure pump to detect a hydraulic pressure between the mixer and the high pressure pump and between the blending feeder and the mixer to generate a control signal; And a connection switch connected to the static pressure sensor to turn on / off power of the mixer and the blending feeder.

On the other hand, the high pressure pump is connected to the pressure gauge valve is preferably to bypass the excess fuel supplied from the high pressure pump to the nozzle to deliver to the cooling coil.

Accordingly, by burning supercritical water together with oil, there is no pollution, high combustion efficiency, easy heating at initial start-up, re-mixing of mixed fuel in stock at the time of restarting, and The supply amount is automatically cut off / supplied to prevent overpressure on the nozzle side and the flow rate is controlled.

Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

Figure 2 is a schematic diagram showing the configuration of a supercritical water mixed fuel combustion apparatus according to the present invention, Figure 3 is a detailed view of the combustion means.

As shown, the supercritical water mixed fuel combustion apparatus according to the present invention is largely the combustion means 100, the high pressure pump 110, the fuel supply means 120, the fuel supply line 130, the remixing means 140 and the constant pressure holding means 150.

First, the combustion means 100 will be described.

The combustion means 100 is a portion that directly burns the supplied fuel and includes a heat insulating wall 101, an induction heating unit 102, a nozzle 103, a vortex generator 104, and a blower 105. do.

The heat insulation wall 101 is configured to have one side opened and an induction heating unit 102 to be described later is installed therein.

The induction heating unit 102 is formed in a substantially cylindrical shape with both sides opened, and the flame sprayed from the nozzle 103 is directly transmitted and the flame is ejected to the front side through the opening. In addition, the spiral fuel supply pipe 106 is wound around the outer circumferential surface of the induction heating unit 102 to heat the mixed fuel introduced through the high pressure pump 110 to be described later by direct flame and then transfer it to the nozzle 103. Here, the fuel flowing through the helical fuel supply pipe 106 is supercritical in a high pressure and high temperature state and then delivered to the nozzle 103. And the rear side of the induction heating unit 102 is a predetermined heat radiation diffusion unit 102a is formed in the rear side to guide the flame transmitted from the nozzle 103 side to the induction heating unit 102 and at the same time receive the flame directly By heating, the mixed fuel flowing in the spiral fuel supply pipe 106 is heated. The heat dissipation diffusion unit 102a serves to protect the induction heating unit 102 from direct flame and disperse heat.

The spiral fuel supply pipe 106 is connected to the nozzle 103 side through the pipe to deliver the supercritical mixed fuel to the ultra hard nozzle 103.

The nozzle 103 is installed through the middle portion of the vortex generator 104 installed in the air supply pipe 107, the blower 105 is installed at the end of the air supply pipe 107 into the air supply pipe 107 Blow air. In addition, the air blown by the blower 105 is vortexed while passing through the vortex generator 104 to vortex the mixed fuel injected from the nozzle 103 to increase the combustion efficiency of the flame and induce complete combustion at a high temperature.

In addition, a pilot burner 108 is installed in the heat insulation wall 101 to ignite a fire to ignite the mixed fuel injected from the injection nozzle 103.

In addition, the spiral fuel supply pipe 106 is connected to the high pressure pump 110 and receives the mixed fuel pumped from the high pressure pump 110 to deliver to the nozzle 103.

The fuel supply means 120 is connected to the high pressure pump 110 to supply the mixed fuel to the high pressure pump 110 side, it is largely composed of the blending feeder 121 and the mixer 122.

The blending feeder 121 is connected to the external fuel tank 160 and the water tank 170 so that water and fuel are introduced into the blending feeder 121 at a ratio set by the user.

In addition, the blender 122 is connected to the blender 121, and the blended fuel supplied from the blender 121 is sufficiently mixed.

In addition, a third electron valve 183 is installed between the mixer 122 and the compound feeder 121 to control the inflow of the mixed fuel flowing into the mixer 122 from the compound feeder 121.

The fuel supply line 130 is formed separately from the mixed fuel supply line.

That is, the fuel supply line 130 is configured in the form of directly connecting the high pressure pump 110 and the fuel tank 160, the pure fuel is fuel instead of the mixed fuel mixed with water at the initial ignition of the combustion device The combustion device is ignited by being delivered to the high pressure pump 110 through the supply line 130 and transferred to the nozzle 103 from the high pressure pump 110. Ignition is then performed by the pilot burner 108.

In addition, the fuel supply line 130 is provided with a first electronic valve 181 to control the inflow of fuel flowing from the fuel tank 160 to the high pressure pump 110 by external control.

When the remixing means 140 starts or restarts the combustion apparatus, that is, when the combustion apparatus is to be restarted after cooling, the fuel remaining in the various lines of the combustion apparatus is separated into water and oil. It is a device that makes it suitable for mixing again.

The remixing means 140 is largely composed of an electromagnetic valve 141, a cooling coil 142 and a cooling blower 143.

The electron valve 141 is connected to the front end of the high-pressure pump 110 as a three-way electromagnetic valve to branch the fuel flowing from the high-pressure pump 110 side. In addition, the cooling coil 142 is formed in a coil shape in the three-way electromagnetic valve, and the introduced fuel is cooled by the blown air of the cooling blower 143 while flowing the cooling coil 142 and at the same time, water and fuel are again provided. Are mixed.

In addition, the cooling coil 142 is connected to the mixer 122 and receives the mixed fuel delivered from the cooling coil 142 to be mixed again to deliver to the high pressure pump 110.

The mixed fuel delivered to the high pressure pump 110 flows to the electromagnetic valve 141 by external control and is again delivered to the cooling coil 142. When the above process is repeated several times and the stock fuel is completely mixed, the mixed fuel flows to the spiral fuel supply pipe 106 and is delivered to the nozzle 103.

The constant pressure holding means 150 is a device for controlling the amount of the mixed fuel supplied to the high-pressure pump 110 because the amount of the mixed fuel supply of the blender 121 can not match the required amount of the high-pressure pump (110).

The positive pressure holding means 150 is largely composed of a positive pressure sensor 151 and a connection switch 152.

The positive pressure sensor 151 is installed between the high pressure pump 110 and the mixer 122, by detecting the amount of fuel mixed between the high pressure pump 110, the mixer 122 and the blending feeder 121 or more. When the mixed fuel is measured, the detection signal is transmitted to the connection switch 152 which will be described later to automatically cut off the power of the mixer 122 and the blending feeder 121.

A second electronic valve 182 is installed between the positive pressure sensor 151 and the high pressure pump 110 to automatically control whether the high pressure pump 110 of the mixed fuel introduced through the positive pressure sensor 151 is introduced.

In addition, the high pressure pump 110 is provided with a pressure gauge valve 190 for automatically bypassing the excess fuel of the high pressure pump 110.

The pressure gauge valve 190 is installed between the high pressure pump 110 and the cooling coil 142. When the mixed fuel is sent from the high pressure pump 110, since the discharge amount of the high pressure pump 110 cannot always match the injection amount of the nozzle 103, the pressure gauge valve 190 does not send excess fuel to the nozzle 103 more than necessary. Bypass to the cooling coil 142 side through, the bypassed fuel is introduced to the high-pressure pump 110 again through the mixer 122 to prevent waste of fuel.

The operation effect by the above configuration is as described later.

First, when the user wants to ignite the combustion device, the second electronic valve 182 and the third electronic valve 183 are automatically cut off by external control and only the first electronic valve 181 is opened.

The pure fuel of the fuel tank 160 is delivered to the high pressure pump 110 through the fuel supply line 130 by the opening of the first electronic valve 181, and passes through the spiral fuel supply pipe 106 in the high pressure pump 110. It is injected at a high pressure from the nozzle 103. The injected fuel is ignited by the pilot burner 108.

When the combustion device is ignited by the pilot burner 108 and the combustion device is normally operated, the first electron valve 181 is automatically closed and the second electron valve 182 and the third electron valve 183 are automatically opened. Therefore, water and fuel are introduced into the blending feeder 121 at a constant rate, and the mixed fuel introduced into the mixer 122 through the third electron valve 183 is mixed, and then a high pressure pump is provided through the second electron valve 182. Inflow to the (110) side. The introduced mixed fuel flows into the spiral fuel supply pipe 106 with a predetermined pressure or more by the pumping of the high pressure pump 110. The mixed fuel flowed into the helical fuel supply pipe 106 is heated instantaneously by the direct flame delivered to the induction heating unit 102 to rise above the critical temperature. Therefore, the mixed fuel passes through the helical fuel supply pipe 106, becomes a predetermined pressure and a predetermined temperature or more, and becomes supercritical and is delivered to the nozzle 103 side. Therefore, supercritical water is not only combusted by the supercritical mixed fuel is injected to form a flame, but also complete combustion.

In addition, the stock mixed fuel remains inside the combustion apparatus during the recombustion after the combustion apparatus is turned off, and the stock mixed fuel is separated into water and fuel and thus cannot be used immediately.

Therefore, the stock mixed fuel has to be remixed, so that the first electron side 181 and the third electron side 183 are closed before the fuel is injected from the nozzle 103 upon restarting.

In addition, the mixed fuel extruded from the high pressure pump 110 is branched from the electron valve 141 to circulate toward the cooling coil 142. The mixed fuel introduced into the cooling coil 142 is remixed in the mixer 122 via the cooling coil 142, and then circulated back to the high pressure pump 110 after passing through the positive pressure sensor 151 and the second electromagnetic valve 182. do. When the above process is repeated several times and the stock mixed fuel is sufficiently mixed, the electromagnetic valve 141 is returned to its original state, and the mixed fuel is sent to the combustion nozzle 103 side.

Therefore, combustion occurs after the stock mixed fuel is completely mixed.

According to the present invention, the supercritical water is combusted together with oil, thereby preventing pollution and saving fuel.

In addition, it is easy to heat fuel during initial start-up or continuous operation, and when re-starting, it is possible to remix the mixed fuel in stock.

In addition, there is also an effect that the supply amount of the mixed fuel supplied to the nozzle side is automatically cut off / supplied to prevent overpressure on the nozzle side and the supply amount can be adjusted.

Claims (6)

A combustion means for winding the spiral fuel supply pipe through which the high pressure mixed fuel flows and directly receiving a flame to combust the supercritical mixed fuel under high temperature and high pressure; A high pressure pump connected to the spiral supply pipe and supplying a high pressure mixed fuel to the spiral fuel supply pipe; A fuel supply means for receiving a fuel and water, stirring and mixing at a predetermined ratio to deliver a mixed fuel to the high pressure pump; A fuel supply line configured to receive fuel from a fuel tank and supply initial starting fuel to the high pressure pump by external control; Remixing means connected to said combustion means for remixing residual mixed fuel delivered to said combustion means upon restarting of said combustion means; And, And a constant pressure holding means for automatically blocking the mixed fuel delivered to the high pressure pump when the supply pressure of the mixed fuel supplied and connected to the high pressure pump is greater than or equal to the predetermined pressure. The method of claim 1, wherein the combustion means, An insulating wall; An induction heating unit formed in the heat insulation wall to induce flame and wound the spiral fuel supply pipe; A nozzle connected to the spiral fuel supply pipe and injecting a mixed fuel to the induction heating part; And, And a vortex generator which is formed on the outer circumferential surface of the nozzle to vortex the air delivered from the blower. According to claim 1, wherein the fuel supply means, A blending feeder for blending and supplying water and fuel; And a blender connected to the blending feeder to mix water and fuel supplied from the blending feeder. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the remixing means, An electron valve connected to the high pressure pump to branch the mixed fuel delivered from the high pressure pump; A cooling coil connected to the electron valve and cooling the mixed fuel introduced through the electron valve to be delivered to the mixer side; And, And a cooling blower configured to provide wind to the cooling coil to cool the mixed fuel flowing through the inside of the cooling coil. The said constant pressure holding means in any one of Claims 1-3, A static pressure sensor installed between the mixer and the high pressure pump and generating a control signal by detecting hydraulic pressure between the mixer and the high pressure pump and between the blending feeder and the mixer; And a connection switch connected to the static pressure sensor to turn on / off the power of the mixer and the blending feeder. 5. The supercritical water mixed fuel combustion apparatus according to claim 4, wherein the high pressure pump is connected to a pressure gauge valve to bypass the excess fuel supplied from the high pressure pump to the nozzle and transfer the excess fuel to the cooling coil.