KR100390333B1 - A motor fan - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention relates to a DC commutator electric blower used for rotating electric machines such as an electric vacuum cleaner and using permanent magnets on the field side, and to provide a DC commutator electric blower that can secure sufficient airflow and improve the performance of the electric motor itself. The rotor of a DC commutator motor and a DC commutator motor, comprising a user cylindrical frame containing a brush holder having a commutator, a stator yoke, a field magnet, and a brush, and a bracket for closing one end of the rotor by fixing the opening of the frame. It consists of a direct blower fan.

By such a configuration, not only the conventional air passage between magnets but also a plurality of stator air passages are newly increased inside the motor, so that a sufficient air path is ensured inside the motor, so that the air blowing efficiency is improved, and thus the motor can be sufficiently cooled. Effect is obtained.

Description

Electric blower {A MOTOR FAN}

The present invention relates to, for example, a direct current commutator electric blower that is used in a rotary electric machine such as an electric vacuum cleaner and uses a permanent magnet on the field side.

FIG. 13 is a sectional view in a radial direction showing a conventional permanent magnet field direct current commutator motor disclosed in Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 62-217846, and FIG. 14 is an axial direction showing the same permanent magnet field commutator DC motor. It is a cross section.

In the drawing, a rotor consisting of an armature wound around a commutator 22 on the shaft 21 and an armature iron core 23 on the shaft 24 passes through the bearings 25a and 25b to the end bracket on the fixed side ( end brackets (26a) and (26b), and the end brackets are fixed to the cylindrical yoke (27). On the inner circumference of the cylindrical yoke 27, for example, a permanent magnet 28 made of a ferrite magnet and a magnetic pole member 29 are arranged.

The conventional permanent magnet field-type DC commutator electric motor is configured as described above, and the magnetic flux formed by the permanent magnet 28 constitutes a magnetic circuit via the cylindrical yoke 27. That is, the magnetic flux generated in one permanent magnet 28 is transmitted to the rotor through the air gap, and transmitted to the permanent magnet 28 on the opposite side via the air gap on the opposite side to the electric magnetic core 23, and then the cylindrical yoke ( 27) to form a magnetic circuit back to the original permanent magnet (28).

The reason for the rotation of the rotor is that when a current flows through the rotating automatic line, which is the coil 24, a magnetic field is generated between the copper wires, and the magnetic attraction force is always generated in the permanent magnets 28, and the suction and repulsive force of the permanent magnets 28 is generated. It is possible to generate blowing energy, which is a strong suction force, by combining the well and by rotating the fan (not shown) directly connected to the shaft 21 by the combined force.

15 is a side view showing a conventional AC commutator motor, and FIG. 16 is a top view showing the same AC commutator motor.

In the figure, 31 is a user (bottomed) cylindrical frame, 32 is a bracket attached to the opening of the frame 31, 33 is a rotor, 34 is an armature winding, and 35 is The commutator, 36 is a bearing, 37 is a square stator core having an edge portion fixed to the frame 31, 38 is a stator winding wound around the stator core 37, and 39 is a brush holder. , 40 is a brush, 41 is a commutator blade, 42 is a blowing fan, and 43 is a fan guide.

45 is an interwinding path formed between two winding ends of the stator windings 38, 46 is formed between the inner circumferential surface of the frame 31 and each side of the outer circumference of the stator core 37; Stator winds.

The conventional AC commutator motor is constructed as described above, and when the stator core 37 is inserted into the frame 31 as well as the rotor 33 and the stator winding 38 is applied, the current flows through the copper wire with respect to the field. Magnetic field is generated around the copper wire. By the combined force, the rotor 33 rotates and the blowing fan 42, which is directly connected to the rotating shaft, makes it possible to generate blowing energy which is a powerful suction force.

In the conventional permanent magnet field-type DC commutator motor as described above, when used as an electric blower, there is a difference between the outer circumference of the rotor magnetic core (3) and the inner circumference of the permanent magnet (8) fixed to the inner circumference of the cylindrical yoke (7). Since there is only a few gaps, a ventilation path is not secured, and there is only a small gap between the opposite ends of the permanent magnet 8, which becomes the inter-magnet air passage 30, and in the case of small capacity, the inter-magnet air passage 30 Although the heat loss does not occur by cooling the motor parts only by blowing through the air, in the large-capacity one, only the blowing air passing through the wind path 30 between the magnets does not cool the motor parts. There was a problem that this degraded.

In the conventional AC commutator motor, when used as an electric blower, the inner circumferential surface of the wind winding 45 and the frame 31 formed between the opposite ends of the stator windings 38 and the outer circumference of the stator core 37 are formed. There is a stator air passage 46 formed between the sides, but since the coil end of the stator winding 38 extends into the stator air passage 46, the stator wind passage 46 becomes a substantially small blower path and the stator winding 38 By heating itself, the electric blower with a small capacity does not generate heat loss by cooling the motor parts only by blowing through the wind passage 45 and the stator wind passage 46, which is a substantially small wind path. In high-capacity electric blowers, only the airflow passing through the winding between the windings 45 and the stator wind passage 46, which is a substantially small blower, cannot cool the motor parts, resulting in increased heat loss. There is a problem that a group of its own performance.

An object of the present invention is to provide a direct current commutator electric blower that can ensure a sufficient blowing to improve the performance of the motor itself.

1 is a bottom view showing the electric blower of the first embodiment of the present invention,

Figure 2 is a half cross-sectional side view showing the same electric blower,

3 is a side view showing the same electric blower,

4 is a sectional view seen from the X-X of the upper surface portion of FIG.

5 is a graph relating to the cross-sectional area and efficiency of the air passage;

6 is a graph showing the relationship between brush temperature and motor efficiency;

7 is a partial sectional view showing the electric blower of the second embodiment of the present invention;

8 is a plan view of assembling the stator yoke and the field magnet of the electric blower according to the third embodiment of the present invention;

9 is an assembled side view of the stator yoke and the field magnet of the same electric blower;

10 is a graph showing the ratio and the service life of the field magnet and the yoke height of the same electric blower;

11 is a front view of the bracket of the electric blower of the fourth embodiment of the present invention;

12 is a partial cross-sectional side view of the same electric blower,

FIG. 13 is a cross-sectional view showing a conventional permanent magnet field direct current commutator motor in radial direction. FIG.

14 is an axial sectional view showing the same permanent magnet field direct current commutator motor;

15 is a side view showing a conventional AC commutator motor,

16 is a top view showing the same AC commutator motor.

<Description of the code>

One; Frame 2; Bracket, 3; Rotor 5; Commutator, 7; Field magnets, 8; Stator yoke, 10; Brush horder, 11; Brush, 13; Blower fan, 16a; Stator blast furnace, 16b; Field magnet field.

The present invention is a direct-current commutator motor and a direct-current commutator consisting of a user cylindrical frame housing a brush holder having a rotor, a commutator, a stator yoke, a field magnet and a brush, and a bracket for holding one end of the rotor by closing the opening of the frame. The fan is composed of a fan for direct connection with the rotor of the commutator motor, the exhaust fan of the fan passes through the inside of the DC commutator motor in the inner circumference of the frame fixed to the outside of the stator yoke formed in a polygonal shape on the inner circumference of the frame Each of the stator yokes is provided with a plurality of field magnets of substantially semi-circular shape facing each other, and a plurality of gaps formed between opposite ends of the field magnets are used as the air path between the magnets, respectively, and at the same time inside the frame. And several livers formed between the outer edges of these stator yokes It is one of the respective stator air passage.

The total cross sectional area of the inter-magnet air passage and the stator wind path is set to 20% or more and 35% or less of the inner diameter cross-sectional area of the frame.

Further, brush holders having brushes attached to the frame are disposed at corresponding positions of the plurality of inter-magnet air passages facing each other.

In addition, the starting position of the R-shaped stepped portion and the field magnet generated by the outer diameter ψ B of the cylindrical portion where the opening of the frame is ψ A and at least the field magnet of the frame is ψ A> ψ B Rotating fan side end surface is formed to be the same.

When the height of the stator yoke is 1, the height of the field magnet is set to a height of 1 to 1.7 times.

Further, openings having substantially the same shape as the field magnets are respectively provided at positions corresponding to the plurality of field magnets on the surface of the bracket, and burring extending from the rotating fan side toward the field magnet side at the peripheral edges of the respective openings. A portion was formed and the height of the burring portion was formed so that the distance from the end face of the field magnet was 2 mm or more and 3 mm or less.

Embodiment of the Invention

<Example 1>

1 is a bottom view showing an electric blower of Embodiment 1 of the present invention, FIG. 2 is a half sectional side view showing the same electric blower, FIG. 3 is a side view showing the same electric blower, and FIG. 4 is a top view of FIG. Sectional drawing seen from XX, FIG. 5 is a graph regarding the cross-sectional area and the efficiency of a ventilation path.

In the drawings, reference numeral 1 denotes a user cylindrical frame of a permanent magnet field type DC commutator electric blower, 2 denotes a bracket attached to an opening of frame 1, 3 denotes a rotor, 4 denotes an armature winding, (5) is commutator, (6) bearing, (7) permanent magnet, (8) stator yoke, (9) stator, (10) brush holder, (11) brush, (12) ) Is a commutator wing, 13 is a fan for blowing, 14 is a fan guide, 15 is a rotor shaft, 16a is a stator wind, and 16b is an inter-magnet.

Next, the configuration will be described in more detail.

As shown in Figs. 1 and 2, one end of the frame 1 is closed and the bearing housing portion 1a is attached. The other end of the frame 1 is open, the open edge of which forms the fan cover attaching portion 1b, and at the open end of the frame 1, the bracket 2 which forms the bearing housing portion 2a. ) Is attached.

The bearing 6 is provided in these bearing housing parts 1a and 2a, respectively. The rotor shaft 15 of the rotor 3 is supported between the bearings 6, and the screw cutting side 15a which is one end located at the open end of the frame 1 in this rotor shaft 15 is supported. ) Penetrates the bearing 6, and a blowing fan 13 is attached to the penetrating end thereof.

The commutator 5 is attached to the anti-thread cutting side 15b of the rotor shaft 15.

The frame 1 has a stator yoke 8 having a substantially rectangular shape and a substantially circular inner diameter, two semi-circular field magnets 7 and two field magnets fixed in a direction opposite to the inner diameter of the stator yoke 8. The rotor 3 in which the armature winding 4 located inside 7) is accommodated.

3 and 4, the stator yoke 8 having a substantially rectangular shape has an outer circumference of an R shape having substantially the same R shape as the inner diameter R of the frame 1 and is inserted and fixed to the inner circumference of the frame 1. In the state, four stator air passages 16a, which are four space portions, are formed between the inner circumference of the frame 1 and each side of the outer circumference of the substantially rectangular stator yoke 8.

In addition, two inter-magnet air passages 16b, which are two space portions, are formed between opposing ends of two substantially semicircular field magnets 7 fixed to the inner diameter portion of the stator yoke 8 relative to each other.

In addition, it is preferable to set the total cross-sectional area of these four stator air passages 16a and two magnet air passages 16b to 20% or more and 35% or less of the frame inner diameter area.

In addition, as shown in FIG. 1, the brush holder 10 which is attached to the frame 1 and provided with the brush 11 is respectively arrange | positioned at the corresponding position of the two inter-magnet air paths 16b.

In the electric blower according to the first embodiment of the present invention configured as described above, direct current is supplied to the brush 11 from the power supply terminal 10a of the brush holder 10 attached to the user cylindrical frame 1. The rotor 3 is converted into an electromagnet by electrical energy via the commutator 5. In addition, a magnetic attraction force is always generated in the field magnets 7, and by the combined force, the rotor 3 rotates and the blowing fan 13 is rotated by rotating the blower fan 13 directly connected to the rotor shaft 15. Is generated and rectified without attenuating the blowing energy as much as possible via the rectifying blade (12), and is sent out inside the motor.

Since not only two air passages 16b between the magnets but also four stator air passages 16a are formed inside the motor, that is, inside the frame 1, sufficient air passages are ensured inside the motor and the blowing efficiency is improved to cool the motor. We can run enough.

In addition, since the field magnet 7 is fixed to the stator yoke 8 and the stator yoke 8 is fixed to the frame 1, the magnetic flux formed by the field magnet 7 is applied to the stator yoke. Forms a magnetic circuit therethrough and the magnetic flux generated in one field magnet 7 is transmitted to the rotor 3 via a gap (void) between the rotor 3 and the field magnet 7, and the rotor is the core of the rotor Is a magnetic circuit which is transmitted to the field magnet (7) on the opposite side through the gap on the opposite side, and then returns to the original field magnet (7) via the stator yoke (8), and the conventional cylindrical yoke (27) As magnetic flux passes through a thin portion of the magnetic flux, the magnetic flux density increases and the loss increases, while the magnetic flux density decreases and the loss decreases while passing through the thick portion of the stator yoke (8). Compared to being The volume is increased substantially increases the amount of magnetic flux of 5%, and also improve the motor efficiency.

Moreover, it is for the following reason that it is preferable to set the total cross-sectional area of these four stator wind paths 16a and the two field magnet air paths 16b to 20% or more and 35% or less of the frame inner diameter cross-sectional area.

FIG. 5 is a graph showing a change in motor efficiency when the area of the stator air passage 16a and the magnet air passage 16b are changed. As is also clear from this graph, the motor efficiency tends to be lowered when the air passage section area ratio is 20% or less. This is because there is a possibility that the internal temperature of the motor rises because the cross section of the air path is small, and not only the motor efficiency but also the heat generation of the brush 11 deteriorates the rectified state, which greatly affects the service life.

In the case of 35% or more, it is difficult to further downsize the rotor 3 and the stator 9 in the high-input (300W or more) model, and therefore it is necessary to increase the appearance of the electric blower to cope with it.

In addition, the brush 11 can be directly cooled by arranging the brush holder 10 having the brush 11 attached to the frame 1 at the corresponding positions of the two magnet air paths 16b. There is an effect of improving the brush resistance due to the heat generated by the brush 11 and the reduction of the service life due to the generation of spark failure. The reason is explained according to the graph of FIG.

6 is a graph showing the relationship between the brush temperature and the motor efficiency, when the air path is sufficiently secured and the case where the air path is not sufficiently secured, when the air path is sufficiently secured as in the present invention, the brush temperature is low. The motor efficiency is high, and when the wind path is not sufficiently secured as in the related art, it can be seen that the brush temperature is high and the motor efficiency is low.

This is because when blowing energy collides with the brush, the brush is cooled, and the brush temperature is lowered, the brush resistance loss is reduced, and the motor efficiency is improved.

<Example 2>

7 is a partial sectional view showing the electric blower of the second embodiment of the present invention.

In the figure, 1c denotes an outer diameter of the opening of the frame 1, and 1d denotes a cylindrical outer diameter of the frame 1. 1e is an R-shaped step portion formed at the boundary between the opening outer diameter 1c of the frame 1 and the cylindrical outer diameter 1d to which the field magnet 7 is fixed.

As shown in Fig. 7, when the opening outer diameter 1c of the frame 1 is the dimension? A and the cylindrical outer diameter 1d to which the field magnet 7 is fixed is the dimension? B, these dimension relations are? A> The stepped start position of the R-shaped stepped portion 1e generated as ψB and the side end surface position of the rotating fan 13 of the field magnet 7 are formed to be the same.

As in the second embodiment, by forming the stepped start position of the R-shaped stepped portion 1e and the side end position of the rotating fan 13 of the field magnet 7, the rotary fan 13 generates the blowing energy. In the stepped section (1e) of the rotating magnet (13) of the field magnet (7) in the stepped portion (1e) when passing through between the rotor (3) inside the motor and the field magnet (7). It is possible to pass the blowing energy while suppressing the attenuation of the blowing energy as much as possible, so that the loss during blowing can be further reduced. In addition, in the conventional AC commutator electric blower, since the field winding 38 is disposed at a location that obstructs the air passage, the blowing energy generated by the rotating fan 42 collides with the field winding 38, thereby deteriorating the blowing efficiency. Was.

<Example 3>

8 is an assembled top view of the stator yoke and the field magnet of the electric blower of the third embodiment of the present invention, FIG. 9 is an assembled side view of the stator yoke and the field magnet of the same electric blower, and FIG. 10 is a field magnet and a yoke of the same electric blower. Graph of height ratio and lifespan.

As shown in Figs. 8 and 9, when the height of the stator yoke 8 is 1, the height of the field magnet 7 is set to be 1 to 1.7 times the height.

As described above, when the height of the stator yoke 8 is set to 1, the rectification performance and the blowing efficiency are improved by setting the height of the field magnet 7 to a height of 1 to 1.7 times.

As a result of the experiment verified as shown in the graph of FIG. 10, when the ratio of the field magnet 7 to the height of the fixed yoke 8 is 1 or less and 1.7 or more, performance and lifespan decrease due to commutation failure. . This is considered to be because the balance between the magnetic field generated in the field magnet 7 and the electromagnetic field generated in the rotor 3 is broken.

When the height of the stator yoke 8 is set to 1, when the height of the field magnet 7 is 1.7 times or more, the magnetic force of the field magnet 7 is so strong that it interferes with the electromagnetic force of the rotor 3 and the rotor 3 By the rotational force of), the extra energy of the field magnet 7 generates a continuous flame (arc) at the contact portion of the carbon brush and the commutator, which significantly shortens the life of the brush. In addition, the height of the field magnet 7 may interfere with the passage of the blowing energy, thereby reducing the blowing effect.

On the contrary, when the height of the stator yoke 8 is set to 1, when the height of the field magnet 7 is less than or equal to 1, the magnetic force of the rotor 3 is much stronger than that of the field magnet 7 and the rotational force is disturbed even in this case. . The excess energy of the rotor 3 generates a continuous flame (arc) at the contact portion of the carbon brush and the commutator, which significantly shortens the life of the brush.

<Example 4>

11 is a front view of the bracket of the electric blower of the fourth embodiment of the present invention, Figure 12 is a partial cross-sectional side view of the same electric blower.

In the fourth embodiment, openings 2a having substantially the same shape as the R shape of the field magnets 7 are provided at positions corresponding to the two field magnets 7 on the surface of the bracket 2, respectively. The burring part 2b which smokes toward the field magnet 7 side from the rotating fan 13 side is formed in the periphery of (circle). The height of the burring portion 2b is formed such that the distance from the end face of the field magnet 7 is 2 mm or more and 3 mm or less.

This rectifies the blowing energy formed in the rotating fan 13 by the rectifying blade 12 by providing the burring portion 2b, and the blowing energy is followed by using the burring portion 2b of the bracket 2 as a guide. To reduce the temperature of the rotor (3) and reduce the rotor core loss and rotor copper loss by forcibly cooling between the rotor (3) and the stator yoke (8). will be.

When the electric blowers of the embodiments 1 to 4 described above are mounted on the vacuum cleaner, high efficiency performance can be obtained even when compared to the conventional DC electric blowers or AC commutator electric blowers. A high performance vacuum cleaner can be obtained.

In addition, the use of the electric blowers of Examples 1-4 is not limited to an electric vacuum cleaner. As for the implementation of the electric blower, the specific structure, shape, position, material, etc. of the frame, the rotor, the stator yoke, the field magnet, the brush holder, the brush, and the like, are contrary to the gist of the present invention. It goes without saying that the present invention can be implemented in various specifications without being limited by the embodiments.

As described above, the present invention fixes the outer side of the stator yoke, which is polygonal and circularly formed on the inner circumference of the frame accommodating the rotor, the commutator, etc. of the DC commutator motor, and has a plurality of substantially semi-circular shapes inside the stator yoke. The field magnets of the field magnets are provided so as to face each other, and a plurality of gaps formed between the opposing ends of the field magnets are used as air passages between the magnets, respectively, and a plurality of the magnets formed between the inside of the frame and the outer edges of the stator yokes. Since each of the gaps between the stator wind paths and the stator wind paths is increased in the motor as well as the conventional stator wind paths, a sufficient wind path is secured inside the motor, so that the blowing efficiency is improved and the cooling of the motor can be performed sufficiently. There is.

In addition, since the field magnet is fixed to the stator yoke and the stator yoke is fixed to the frame, the magnetic flux generated in one field magnet is transmitted to the rotor through a gap (void) between the rotor and the field magnet. The rotor is a magnetic circuit which is transmitted to the field magnet on the opposite side through the gap on the opposite side to the rotor iron core and then back to the original field magnet through the stator yoke, and the magnetic flux passes through the thin part of the conventional cylindrical yoke. As the magnetic flux density increases and the loss increases, it passes through the thick part of the stator yoke, so the magnetic flux density decreases and the loss decreases, while the volume of the magnet is substantially larger than that of the conventional magnetic field magnet fixed directly to the frame. There is also an effect of increasing the magnetic flux by 5% and improving the motor efficiency.

In addition, since the total cross-sectional area of the inter-magnet and stator air passages is set to 20% or more and 35% or less of the inner diameter cross-sectional area of the frame, the blowing efficiency is improved without sacrificing motor efficiency and increasing the size of the motor. It works.

In addition, since the brush holders having brushes are attached to the frame at the corresponding positions of the air passages opposite to each other in the air passages between the magnets, the brush and the brush holders are directly cooled, thereby increasing the brush resistance and the flame caused by the heating of the brush. There is an effect of improving the life degradation due to defects.

In addition, the starting position of the R-shaped step portion generated by the outer diameter of the opening of the frame ψA, the outer diameter of the cylindrical portion where the field magnets of the frame are positioned ψB and the dimensional relationship of ψA> ψB and the end surface of the rotating fan side of the field magnets Since the fan is formed to have the same position, it is desirable to suppress the attenuation of the blowing energy as much as possible from the stepped portion when passing through the rotor and the field magnets inside the motor by passing the blowing energy. This makes it possible to further reduce the loss at the time of blowing.

In addition, when the height of the stator yoke is 1, since the height of the field magnet is set to 1 to 1.7 times the height, there is an effect that the rectifying performance and the blowing efficiency are improved.

Further, openings having substantially the same shape as the field magnets are respectively provided at positions corresponding to the multiple field magnets on the surface of the bracket, and a burring portion extending from the rotating fan side toward the field magnet side is formed at the circumferential edge of each of the openings. Since the height of the part is formed so that the distance from the end face of the magnet is 2 mm or more and 3 mm or less, the blowing energy formed in the rotating fan is guided by the burring part of the bracket to guide the flow between the rotor and the stator yoke. Since cooling reduces the temperature of the rotor, there is an effect that the rotor iron loss, the automatic automatic loss is reduced.

Claims (3)

The DC commutator motor and DC commutator motor of the user cylindrical frame containing a rotor, commutator, stator yoke, field magnet and brush holder and a bracket for closing the opening of the frame to hold and secure one end of the rotor In the electric blower which consists of a blowing fan connected directly with a rotor, and the exhaust of the blowing fan passes in the DC commutator electric motor, Fixing the outer side of the stator yoke polygonal and the inner side in a circular shape on the inner circumference of the frame, Inside the stator yoke, a plurality of field magnets of substantially semicircular shape are provided to face each other, A plurality of gaps formed between the opposing ends of these field magnets are used as inter-magnet air passages, and a plurality of gaps respectively formed between the inner side of the frame and the outer edges of these stator yokes are used as stator air passages, respectively. Electric blower. The method of claim 1, And a total cross-sectional area of the air passage between the magnets and the stator wind path is set to 20% or more and 35% or less of the inner diameter cross-sectional area of the frame. The method according to claim 1 or 2, When the height of the stator yoke is set to 1, the height of the field magnet is set to a height of 1 to 1.7 times.