KR100366261B1 - Fire retardant composition - Google Patents

Fire retardant composition Download PDF

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KR100366261B1
KR100366261B1 KR10-2000-0074590A KR20000074590A KR100366261B1 KR 100366261 B1 KR100366261 B1 KR 100366261B1 KR 20000074590 A KR20000074590 A KR 20000074590A KR 100366261 B1 KR100366261 B1 KR 100366261B1
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flame retardant
flame
retardant composition
weight
parts
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KR10-2000-0074590A
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KR20020045218A (en
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김정만
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주식회사 리싸이텍
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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
    • C09K21/00—Fireproofing materials
    • C09K21/06—Organic materials
    • C09K21/12—Organic materials containing phosphorus
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C07F—ACYCLIC, CARBOCYCLIC OR HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS CONTAINING ELEMENTS OTHER THAN CARBON, HYDROGEN, HALOGEN, OXYGEN, NITROGEN, SULFUR, SELENIUM OR TELLURIUM
    • C07F9/00—Compounds containing elements of Groups 5 or 15 of the Periodic System
    • C07F9/02—Phosphorus compounds
    • C07F9/06—Phosphorus compounds without P—C bonds
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • C09D—COATING COMPOSITIONS, e.g. PAINTS, VARNISHES OR LACQUERS; FILLING PASTES; CHEMICAL PAINT OR INK REMOVERS; INKS; CORRECTING FLUIDS; WOODSTAINS; PASTES OR SOLIDS FOR COLOURING OR PRINTING; USE OF MATERIALS THEREFOR
    • C09D5/00—Coating compositions, e.g. paints, varnishes or lacquers, characterised by their physical nature or the effects produced; Filling pastes
    • C09D5/18—Fireproof paints including high temperature resistant paints

Abstract

본 발명은 난연제 조성물에 있어서, 물 1000중량부에 글리세린 10~20중량부, 암모니아수(35%) 5~10중량부, 가성카리(95%) 100~200중량부, 인산암모늄 10~20중량부로 조성하여서 된 난연제 조성물에 관한 것이다.In the flame retardant composition, in the water-retardant composition, 10 to 20 parts by weight of glycerin, 5 to 10 parts by weight of ammonia water (35%), 100 to 200 parts by weight of caustic (95%), and 10 to 20 parts by weight of ammonium phosphate The composition relates to a flame retardant composition.

본 발명의 난연제 조성물은 용이하게 구득할 수 있는 저가의 원료를 사용하면서도 목재, 지류, 섬유 제품등에 난연처리제로 사용하게 되면 장기간에 걸쳐 우수한 난연효과를 유지할 수 있는 효과가 있다.The flame retardant composition of the present invention has an effect of maintaining an excellent flame retardant effect for a long time when used as a flame retardant in wood, paper, textile products, etc. while using a low-cost raw material that can be easily obtained.

Description

난연제 조성물{Fire retardant composition}Fire retardant composition

본 발명은 난연제 조성물에 관한 것이다.The present invention relates to a flame retardant composition.

구체적으로는 목재, 지류(紙類) 또는 합성섬유나 천연섬유 등의 섬유제품을 난연처리하는데 유용한 난연제 조성물에 관한 것이다.Specifically, it relates to a flame retardant composition useful for flame retardant treatment of wood, paper, or fiber products such as synthetic fibers and natural fibers.

일반적으로 플라스틱, 고무, 섬유, 종이, 목재 등의 고분자 재료를 난연화(難燃化)하는데 사용되는 첨가제를 난연제라 한다.Generally, additives used for flame retarding polymer materials such as plastic, rubber, fiber, paper, wood, etc. are called flame retardants.

난연제는 그 사용방법에 따라 "첨가형"과 "반응형"으로 구분되는데 고분자 재료에 첨가하여 고분자 재료를 난연화 시켜주는 것을 첨가형 난연제라 하고 고분자재료를 제조시 고분자 재료에 난연성 관능기를 도입시켜서 난연화 시켜주는 것을 반응형 난연제라 한다.The flame retardant is classified into "additive type" and "reactive type" according to the method of use. The addition of flame retardant to the polymer material by adding it to the polymer material is called an flame retardant. It is called reactive flame retardant.

일반적으로 첨가형 난연재는 비교적 가격이 저가이면서 사용이 편리하다는 이점이 있으나 고분자 재료 물성에 변화를 줄 우려가 있고, 반응형 난연재는 고분자재료 물성에 변화를 주지 않는 장점이 있으나 난연화 시켜주는 조작이 어렵고 비교적 고가라는 단점이 있다.In general, the additive type flame retardant material is relatively inexpensive and convenient to use, but there is a concern that the physical properties of the polymer material may be changed. The disadvantage is that it is relatively expensive.

난연제는 크게 할로겐계 난연제, 인계 난연제, 무기계 난연제 등으로 대별되는데 할로겐계 난연제로서는 테트라브로모비스페놀 A, 헥사플루오로벤젠, 데카브로모디페닐옥사이드, 염화파라핀 등이 있고 인계 난연제로서는 인산암모늄, 트리크레질포스페이트, 트리에틸포스페이트, 인산에스텔 등이 있으며, 무기계 난연제로서는 적린, 산화주석, 삼산화안티몬, 수산화지르코늄, 수산화알미늄, 메타붕산바륨 등이 알려져 있다.Flame retardants are largely classified into halogen flame retardants, phosphorus flame retardants, inorganic flame retardants, etc. Halogen flame retardants include tetrabromobisphenol A, hexafluorobenzene, decabromodiphenyl oxide, paraffin chloride, and phosphorus flame retardants such as ammonium phosphate and tricre Examples of the nitrous phosphate, triethyl phosphate and ester phosphate include red phosphorus, tin oxide, antimony trioxide, zirconium hydroxide, aluminum hydroxide and barium metaborate.

현재 잘 알려져 있는 난연제들은 난연효과는 비교적 우수하나 가격이 비싸다는 문제 때문에 난연제의 사용이 보편화되지 못하고 있고 난연처리에도 크게 제약을 받고 있는 실정에 있다.Flame retardants which are well known at present are relatively excellent in flame retardant effect, but the price is expensive, the use of the flame retardant is not widely used and the situation is greatly restricted in the flame retardant treatment.

종래의 첨가형 난연제들은 난연처리하고자 하는 재료표면에 스프레이(Spray)하거나 표면 도장처리(Coating)하여 사용하는데 난연제가 재료내부 깊게 침투되기가 어렵고, 시간이 경과 함에 따라 쉽게 소실되게 되어 종래의 난연제들은 가격이 비싸다는 문제 이외에도 장기간에 걸쳐 난연성을 유지시켜 주기가 어렵다는 문제가 있다.Conventional additive-based flame retardants are used by spraying or coating the surface of the material to be flame-retardant, but it is difficult for the flame retardant to penetrate deeply into the material and easily disappears over time. In addition to this expensive problem, there is a problem that it is difficult to maintain flame retardancy for a long time.

대부분의 나라에서는 위락시설, 공동주택, 호텔 등 다중이 사용하는 시설을 건축시 모든 가연성 건축자재에 난연처리를 하도록 의무화 하고 있으나 상기와 같은 가격 및 기능상의 제약 때문에 우리나라를 포함하는 개도국에서는 난연제의 사용이 일반화되지 못하고 있는 실정이다.Most countries require that all combustible building materials be flame-retardant when building multiple-use facilities such as amusement facilities, multi-unit houses and hotels.However, due to the above price and functional constraints, the use of flame retardants in developing countries including Korea This situation is not generalized.

본 발명의 목적은 비교적 저가이면서 구득이 용이한 재료들을 원료로 하여 목재, 지류 및 섬유제품에 우수한 난연성을 부여할 수 있는 난연제 조성물을 제공하는데 있다.An object of the present invention is to provide a flame retardant composition which can impart excellent flame retardancy to wood, paper, and textile products by using materials that are relatively inexpensive and easy to obtain.

본 발명은 목재, 지류 및 섬유제품등을 난연처리하는데 적합한 난연제 조성물에 관한 것이다.The present invention relates to a flame retardant composition suitable for flame retardant treatment of wood, paper, textile products and the like.

이하 실시예를 들어 본 발명의 구성과 작용효과에 대하여 상세히 설명한다.Hereinafter, the configuration and the effect of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to Examples.

실시예 1.Example 1.

<난연제 조성물의 제조><Production of Flame Retardant Composition>

물 1ℓ(1000중량부)에 글리세린 15g(15중량부)와 암모니아수(35%) 10g(10중량부)를 넣고 균일하게 혼합한 다음 여기에 가성카리(KOH, 95%) 150g(150중량부)와 인산암모늄[(NH4)3PO4] 10g(10중량부)를 각각 첨가한 다음 약 24시간 숙성시키면 본 발명의 난연제 조성물을 얻을 수 있다.15 g of glycerin (15 parts by weight) and 10 g (10 parts by weight) of ammonia water (35%) are mixed in 1 l of water (1000 parts by weight), and then mixed uniformly. 10 g (10 parts by weight) of ammonium phosphate [(NH 4 ) 3 PO 4 ] is added, and then aged for about 24 hours to obtain a flame retardant composition of the present invention.

실시예 2.Example 2.

<폐지(廢紙)를 원료로한 판재에 대한 난연성 시험><Flame retardancy test for sheet made of waste paper>

물 1ℓ에 폴리비닐알콜 100g을 녹인 용액에 폐지를 파쇄한 분말 1500g을 넣고 반죽한 다음 여기에 실시예 1에서 얻은 난연제 조성물 500g을 넣어 2차 반죽하였다.In 1 liter of water, 100 g of polyvinyl alcohol was put into a solution of 1500 g of pulverized powder, and then kneaded. Then, 500 g of the flame retardant composition obtained in Example 1 was put into a second kneading.

균일하게 반죽이 된 이물질을 400㎜×700㎜×12㎜의 형틀에 넣고 가압하여 평판을 이루게 한 다음 통풍으로 5시간 건조시킨다. 예비건조된 평판을 형틀에서꺼낸 다음 65~75℃의 건조기에 넣고 4시간 건조시켰다. 건조된 판재의 무게는 1672g이었고, 판재내에 43g의 난연제 성분이 침투되게 하였다.The foreign material uniformly kneaded is placed in a mold of 400 mm × 700 mm × 12 mm, pressurized to form a flat plate, and dried for 5 hours by ventilation. The pre-dried plate was removed from the mold and placed in a dryer at 65-75 ° C. for 4 hours. The dried plate weight was 1672 g and 43 g of the flame retardant component was penetrated into the plate.

이 판재를 "건축물의 내장재료 및 공법의 난연성 시험방법"(한국공업규격 KSF 2271호)에 규정된 방법에 따라 난연성을 시험하고 그 결과를 표 1에 기재하였다.This board was tested for flame retardancy according to the method specified in "Inner-materials of Buildings and Flame Retardancy Test Method of Construction Methods" (Korean Industrial Standard KSF 2271), and the results are shown in Table 1.

실시예 3.Example 3.

<폐지를 원료로한 판재에 대한 난연성 시험><Flame retardancy test for the plate made of waste paper>

실시예 2에서 난연제 조성물 500g 대신 물을 500g 사용한 것을 제외하고는 실시예 2의 방법과 같은 방법으로 판재를 제조하였다.Except for using 500g of water instead of 500g of flame retardant composition in Example 2 a plate was prepared in the same manner as in Example 2.

이 판재를 실시예 1에서 얻은 난연제 조성물에 5분간 침지(沈漬)시킨 후 통풍으로 건조시켰다. 판재에는 약 40g의 난연제 성분이 흡수된 것으로 확인되었다.This board was immersed in the flame retardant composition obtained in Example 1 for 5 minutes and then dried by ventilation. It was found that about 40 g of the flame retardant component was absorbed into the plate.

이 판재를 한국공업규격 KSF 2271호에 규정된 방법에 따라 난연성을 시험하고 그 결과를 표 1에 기재하였다.This board was tested for flame retardancy according to the method specified in Korean Industrial Standard KSF 2271, and the results are shown in Table 1.

실시예 4.Example 4.

<폐 섬유를 원료로 한 판재에 대한 난연성 시험><Flame retardancy test for plate made from waste fiber>

물 1ℓ에 폴리비닐알콜 100g을 용해시킨 용액에 폐아크릴섬유를 파쇄한 섬유분말 1000g을 넣고 반죽한 다음 여기에 실시예 1에서 얻은 난연제 조성물 500g을 넣어 2차 반죽하였다. 균일하게 반죽된 이물질을 400㎜×700㎜×12㎜의 형틀에 넣고 가압하여 평판을 이루게 한 다음 통풍으로 5시간 건조시킨다.Into a solution in which 100 g of polyvinyl alcohol was dissolved in 1 L of water, 1000 g of fiber powder pulverized waste acrylic fiber was added and kneaded, and then, 500 g of the flame retardant composition obtained in Example 1 was added thereto, and kneaded secondly. The uniformly kneaded foreign material is placed in a mold of 400mm × 700mm × 12mm, pressurized to form a flat plate, and dried for 5 hours by ventilation.

예비건조된 평판을 형틀에서 꺼낸다음 65~75℃의 건조기에 넣고 4시간 건조시켰다. 건조된 판재의 무게는 1173g이었고 판재내에는 40g의 난연제 성분이 흡수되었음을 확인할 수 있었다.The pre-dried plate was removed from the mold and placed in a dryer at 65-75 ° C. for 4 hours. The weight of the dried plate was 1173g and it was confirmed that 40g of flame retardant component was absorbed in the plate.

이 판재를 한국공업규격 KSF 2271호에 규정된 방법에 따라 난연성을 시험하고 그 결과를 표 1에 기재하였다.This board was tested for flame retardancy according to the method specified in Korean Industrial Standard KSF 2271, and the results are shown in Table 1.

실시예 5.Example 5.

<합판에 대한 난연성 시험>Flame retardancy test for plywood

300㎜×300㎜×12㎜ 규격의 합판(무게 831.3g)을 실시예 1에서 얻은 난연제 조성물에 10분간 침지시킨 다음 통풍으로 3시간 동안 건조시켰다.Plywood (weight 831.3 g) of 300 mm x 300 mm x 12 mm size was immersed in the flame retardant composition obtained in Example 1 for 10 minutes and then dried for 3 hours by ventilation.

건조후 합판에는 43g의 난연제 성분이 흡수된 것으로 확인되었으며, 이 합판을 한국공업규격 KSF 2271호에 규정된 방법에 따라 난연성을 시험하고 그 결과를 표 1에 기재하였다.After drying, it was confirmed that 43 g of flame retardant component was absorbed into the plywood, and the plywood was tested for flame retardancy according to the method specified in Korean Industrial Standard KSF 2271 and the results are shown in Table 1.

KSF 2271호에 규정에 의한 난연성 시험결과Flame retardancy test results in accordance with KSF 2271 구분division 온도시간면적(℃.분)Temperature time area (℃. Minutes) 발연개수(CA)Number of smoke (C A ) 잔류불꽃시간Residual Flame Time 판정Judgment 실시예 2Example 2 92.092.0 34.234.2 없음none 3급Level 3 실시예 3Example 3 80.080.0 30.030.0 없음none 3급Level 3 실시예 4Example 4 96.096.0 32.032.0 없음none 3급Level 3 실시예 5Example 5 80.080.0 30.230.2 없음none 3급Level 3

KSF 2271호에 규정된 건축물 내장재료의 난연성 시험방법은 다음과 같다.The test methods for flame retardancy of building interior materials specified in KSF 2271 are as follows.

시험편을 3개를 750±10℃에서 30분간 계속 가열한 전기가열로에 일정시간넣고 온도시간면적, 발연개수, 잔류불꽃시간을 측정하여 난연성을 판단한다. 표준온도 곡선을 넘는 온도시간면적(℃분)이 150이하이고 단위면적당 발연개수(CA)가 60이하이고 잔류불꽃시간이 90초를 넘지 않는 것을 합격으로 하고 전기로내 잔류시간 10분 이상인 것은 1, 2급, 6분 이상인 것은 3급으로 판정한다.The test pieces are placed in an electric heating furnace which is continuously heated at 750 ± 10 ° C for 30 minutes, and the flame retardancy is judged by measuring the temperature time area, the number of smoke and the remaining flame time. Temperature time area (℃ min.) Over standard temperature curve is 150 or less, number of smoke per unit area (C A ) is 60 or less, and residual flame time is not more than 90 seconds. Class 2 and more than 6 minutes shall be determined as Class 3.

합격한 것 중 단위면적당 발연개수가 30이하인 것은 난연 1급, 60이하인 것은 난연 2급, 120이하인 것은 난연 3급으로 판정한다.If the number of smoke passes per unit area is 30 or less, flame retardant class 1 is used. If it is 60 or less, flame retardant class 2 is used.

상기 실시예에서 설명한 바와같이 본 발명의 난연제 조성물은 판재를 제조하는 과정에서 판재내에 함유시켜 줄수도 있고 완성된 판재를 난연제 조성물에 침지시켜 난연제 조성물에 침지시켜 난연제가 침투되도록 하여 사용할 수도 있다.As described in the above embodiments, the flame retardant composition of the present invention may be included in the plate during the manufacture of the plate, or the finished plate may be immersed in the flame retardant composition to be immersed in the flame retardant composition so that the flame retardant may be penetrated.

본 발명의 난연제 조성물을 조성함에 있어서, 물 1000중량부에 글리세린 10~20중량부, 암모니아수(35%) 5~10중량부, 가성카리(95%) 100~250중량부, 인산암모늄 10~20중량부를 첨가하여 조성시켜 주는 것이 좋다.In the composition of the flame retardant composition of the present invention, 10 to 20 parts by weight of glycerin, 5 to 10 parts by weight of ammonia water (35%), 100 to 250 parts by weight of caustic (95%), and 10 to 20 parts of ammonium phosphate It is good to add a weight part and to make it composition.

본 발명 조성물에서 난연효과를 발휘하는 성분은 주로 인산암모늄과 가성카리이다.The components exhibiting flame retardant effect in the composition of the present invention are mainly ammonium phosphate and caustic carry.

암모니아수는 섬유제품에 대하여 침투력이 큰 특성이 있다.Ammonia water has a high permeability to textile products.

인산암모늄이나 가성카리를 단독으로 사용하는 경우 폐지나 폐섬유 및 합판에 대한 침투력이 약하여 단순히 침지 또는 첨가하는 것만으로는 장기간 난연효과를 유지시켜 줄수 없다는 문제가 따른다.In case of using ammonium phosphate or caustic alone, the penetrating power to waste paper or waste fiber and plywood is weak so that simply immersing or adding can not keep the flame retardant effect for a long time.

암모니아수는 휘발성이 강하여 쉽게 휘발되는 성질이 있다.Ammonia water is highly volatile and easily volatilized.

따라서 여기에 글리세린을 첨가해 주게 되면 난연제 조성물이 종이나 섬유로 된 판재내에 침투된 후 글리세린과 가성가리가 검화(비누화) 반응을 일으켜 점주성 물질로 전환되므로 가성가리나 인산암모늄이 휘발되거나 소실되는 것을 억제해 줄수 있어 장기간 난연효과를 유지할 수 있게 하는 것으로 추정된다.Therefore, when glycerin is added to the flame retardant composition, the flame retardant composition penetrates into a sheet of paper or fiber, and then glycerin and caustic react with a saponification (soaping) reaction to be converted into a viscous substance. It is estimated to be able to maintain the flame retardant effect for a long time.

본 발명의 난연제 조성물은 용이하게 구득할 수 있는 저가의 원료를 사용하면서도 목재, 지류, 섬유 제품등에 난연처리제로 사용하게 되면 장기간에 걸쳐 우수한 난연효과를 유지할 수 있는 효과가 있다.The flame retardant composition of the present invention has an effect of maintaining an excellent flame retardant effect for a long time when used as a flame retardant in wood, paper, textile products, etc. while using a low-cost raw material that can be easily obtained.

Claims (1)

난연제 조성물에 있어서,In the flame retardant composition, 물 1000중량부에 글리세린 10~20중량부, 암모니아수(35%) 5~10중량부, 가성카리(95%) 100~250중량부, 인산암모늄 10~20중량부로 조성하여서 된 난연제 조성물.A flame retardant composition comprising 10 to 20 parts by weight of glycerin, 5 to 10 parts by weight of ammonia water (35%), 100 to 250 parts by weight of caustic (95%), and 10 to 20 parts by weight of ammonium phosphate.
KR10-2000-0074590A 2000-12-08 2000-12-08 Fire retardant composition KR100366261B1 (en)

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