KR100361297B1 - Shock absorber of automobile - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention is to enable the shock absorber used in the vehicle suspension system to provide a variety of damping performance against the disturbance of the various frequencies generated while the vehicle is running, a piston formed in multiple stages on the piston rod connected to the vehicle body, and each of the A plurality of oil passages having different sizes on the piston and formed to be conical in opposite directions, metal spheres of various sizes inserted into the oil passages, and the metal spheres for preventing the metal spheres from being separated from the oil passages of the pistons. By providing a shock absorber comprising a metal sphere fixing means, and a back orifice installed in each piston to communicate the upper and lower chambers of the piston between each of the pistons, thereby providing various shock absorbers Gold with various inertial forces installed on the piston for disturbances of frequency The fastball can vary the oil flow path size to create a differential damping force, improving the ride comfort and stability of the vehicle.

Description

Shock absorber of vehicle {SHOCK ABSORBER OF AUTOMOBILE}

The present invention relates to a shock absorber used in an automobile suspension, and more particularly, to a shock absorber capable of providing various damping performances against various disturbances generated during driving of a vehicle.

The shock absorber, together with the spring, is an important component of the suspension of the vehicle. When the spring absorbs the impact of the road while supporting the weight of the vehicle and other loads, the shock absorber helps control and damp the spring action. It will quickly reduce the vibration of the.

Such a shock absorber has a single-acting type and a double-acting type depending on the number of directions for providing the damping force. In the case of the single-acting type, the damping force is provided only at the time of rebound (extension). Proper damping force can be provided even at the time of compression, and the driving stability can be improved by preventing north up or north down during starting or braking, but the structure is somewhat complicated.

As the double acting shock absorber as described above, the shock absorber of patent application No. 10-1999-0042227, which has been previously filed by the applicant, uses a metal ball in the form of a leaf spring, which is commonly used in the piston valve of the shock absorber. The structure is shown in FIG.

That is, the piston valve provided in the piston 100 is connected to the vehicle body and moves up and down in the cylinder connected to the axle has a first oil passage 102 which is drilled at a predetermined interval to the piston 100, and the first The second oil passage 104 is formed to be larger than the oil passage 102 and disposed therebetween, and the metal sphere 106 formed and inserted into the first and second oil passages 102 and 104 so as to flow in a predetermined size. And a ring 108 that crosses the first and second oil passages 102 and 104 and is installed on the upper and lower chamber sides to prevent the metal sphere 106 from being separated.

Here, the first oil passage 102 and the second oil passage 104 are formed in a conical shape so that the first oil passage 102 narrows toward the upper side, and the second oil passage 104 moves downward. It is formed to be narrow, the metal sphere 106 of a predetermined size installed therein is larger than the diameter of the narrow side of the first and second oil passages (102, 104) and smaller than the diameter of the wide side to insert the metal sphere 106 in the wide The ring 108 is structured to prevent the departure.

In the shock absorber configured as described above, when the piston 100 is compressed, the first oil passage 102 is closed because the metal sphere 106 is moved to a narrow side, and thus oil cannot pass through the second oil passage. In this case, since the metal sphere 106 is moved toward the ring 108 to open the passage, oil moves through the flow path formed by the second oil passage 104, and the damping force is applied to the piston 100 with its flow resistance. On the contrary, when the piston 100 is tensioned, the second oil passage 104 is closed by the metal sphere 106 and the first oil passage 102 is opened to flow the oil therethrough. Generates an appropriate damping force.

That is, by setting the size of the flow path through which the oil can pass through the piston 100 at the time of compression and tension of the shock absorber, it is possible to provide different damping forces.

However, the shock absorber as described above provides a constant damping force determined by the first and second oil passages 102 and 104 and the metal sphere 106 at the time of compression and tension, respectively. It is not enough to respond to various disturbances.

Therefore, a shock absorber equipped with a damping force variable solenoid valve, which is electronically controlled by an ECU, may be used to actively respond to disturbances of various frequencies and secure damping force of the shock absorber suitable for the situation.

However, the electronically controlled shock absorber as described above can secure the most suitable damping force for the driving state of the vehicle, but the unit price is expensive.

Accordingly, the present invention has been devised to solve the above problems, and does not adopt an electronic control method, so that it is inexpensive and can cope with the differential damping force caused by various frequency disturbances generated according to the driving state of the vehicle, thereby improving ride comfort and stability. The purpose is to provide a shock absorber that improves.

The shock absorber of the vehicle of the present invention for achieving the above object is a piston formed in multiple stages on a piston rod connected to the vehicle body, and a plurality of oils having different sizes and conical in opposite directions to each piston. Passages, metal spheres of various sizes inserted into the respective oil passages, metal sphere fixing means for preventing the metal spheres from escaping from the oil passages of the respective pistons, temporal chambers and pistons formed between the pistons It characterized in that it comprises a back orifice installed on each piston to communicate the upper and lower chambers of the.

1 is a view showing a piston of a shock absorber according to the prior art,

2 is a cross-sectional view showing the internal structure of the shock absorber according to the present invention;

3 is a detailed view of the piston part of FIG. 2 in detail;

4 is a simplified state diagram showing when the piston of FIG. 2 is compressed,

5 is a simplified state diagram showing when the piston of FIG. 2 is tensioned;

6 is a simplified state diagram when the piston of FIG. 2 is in a high frequency compression state,

7 is a simplified state diagram when the piston of FIG. 2 is in a high frequency tension state,

8 is a velocity-force graph of the shock absorber of the present invention.

<Description of Symbols for Main Parts of Drawings>

1: cylinder 3: cover

5: piston 5a: upper piston

5b: Lower piston 7: Piston rod

9: Temporary Chamber 11: Oil Path

11a: first oil passage 11b: second oil passage

11c: third oil passage 11d: fourth oil passage

13: metal sphere 13a: first metal sphere

13b: second metal sphere 13c: third metal sphere

13d: fourth metal sphere 15: ring

21: Back Orifice 23: Fastening Part

Hereinafter, exemplary embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

2 and 3 illustrate the shock absorber of the vehicle according to the present invention, a cylinder (1) connected to the axle, and a cover connected to the vehicle body to prevent the inflow of foreign substances while wrapping the outside of the cylinder (1) ( 3) and a piston 5 which is connected to the vehicle body together with the cover 3 and installed to reciprocate up and down within the cylinder 1 is shown.

The piston (5) is installed in multiple stages on the piston rod (7) connected to the vehicle body side, as shown in detail in FIG. 3 in the present embodiment, the upper piston (5a) and the lower piston (5b) Temporary chambers (9) are formed therebetween, and each of the pistons (5a, 5b) is provided with a plurality of oil passages (11) formed in different sizes and conical in opposite directions. Each of the oil passages 11 has metal spheres 13 of various sizes inserted therein.

That is, the upper piston 5a has a conical fourth oil path 11a and a first oil path 11a in the forward direction (the direction narrowing while going upward) and the fourth oil in the reverse direction (the direction narrowing while going downward). A passage 11d and a fourth metal sphere 13d are provided, and the lower piston 5b has a forward conical third oil passage 11c and a third metal sphere 13c and a reverse conical second oil passage ( 11b) and the second metal sphere 13b are installed, and the size of the first oil passage 11a and the first metal sphere 13a to the fourth oil passage 11d and the fourth metal sphere 13d is increased. To become smaller (the size of the first oil passage 11a> the size of the second oil passage 11b> the size of the third oil passage 11c> the size of the fourth oil passage 11d, the diameter of the fourth oil passage 11d, the diameter of the first metal sphere 13a> 2 metal sphere 13b diameter> 3rd metal sphere 13c diameter> 4th metal sphere 13d diameter).

Of course, the piston 5 is formed with a plurality of the first oil passage (11a) to the fourth oil passage (11d) as described above over the circumference of the piston 5, accordingly, the first metal sphere (13a) Metal spheres of various sizes ranging from the fourth to the fourth metal sphere 13d are installed, and metal sphere fixing means is provided to prevent the metal sphere 13 from being separated from the oil passage 11 of each piston. This consists of a ring 15 which is fixed to the piston rod 7 to prevent the metal sphere 13 from detaching while crossing the large opening side of the oil passages as described in my previous application.

In addition, the back orifice 21 is formed in all the pistons 5 so as to communicate the temporal chamber 9 between the pistons 5a and 5b and the upper and lower chambers 17 and 19 of the piston 5. The two pistons 5a and 5b are maintained at a constant interval by a plurality of fastening members 23 installed through the pistons to ensure a secure fastening state.

Referring to the simplified state diagram of the piston shown in Figures 4 to 7 the operation of the invention vehicle shock absorber configured as described above are as follows.

Vibration or shock received by the axle from the road surface while driving the vehicle is alleviated by the spring of the suspension system, and the free vibration of the spring is damped by the shock absorber. When the shock absorber is compressed, as shown in FIG. As 5) moves downward, all the metal balls of the upper piston 5a and the lower piston 5b are oriented upward in each oil passage 11 by the flow of oil so that the first metal sphere 13a and the The three metal spheres 13c close the first oil passage 11a and the third oil passage 11c, respectively, and the oil passes through the passage formed through the second oil passage 11b and the fourth oil passage 11d. Accordingly, the damping force is generated while passing through the piston 5.

When the shock absorber is tensioned, the upper piston 5a and the lower piston 5b move upwards together to provide a different damping force, and the metal balls 13 are lower than the respective oil passages 11. And the second metal sphere 13b and the fourth metal sphere 13d close the second oil passage 11b and the fourth oil passage 11d, respectively, so that the oil passes through the first oil passage 11a. ) Along with the flow path formed by the third oil passage 11c provides a damping force different from the damping force provided at the time of compression.

The above is the same operation as the double-acting shock absorber provided by the previous application of the above, and the present invention is further described above when a high frequency disturbance of a faster state is introduced in addition to the normal case (low frequency state) described above. It provides another damping force from the damping force.

That is, the high frequency state refers to a state in which the replacement time of the up and down reciprocation of the piston 5 is very short. In the high frequency compression state, as shown in FIG. 6, the state of the metal sphere 13 shown in FIG. 4 is shown. Unlike the first metal sphere (13a) does not close the first oil passage (11a), at this time flows into the temporal chamber (9) through the second oil passage (11b) and the back orifice (21) Oil is used to move the first metal sphere 13a and the fourth metal sphere 13d upwards. The first metal sphere 13a has a higher inertia force than the fourth metal sphere 13d. In this case, the first oil passage 11a is kept open even after the fourth metal sphere 13d blocks the fourth oil passage 11d. Unlike the case of low frequency state compression while passing through the fourth oil passage 11d and the first oil passage 11a To provide a different damping force.

In addition, in the high frequency tension state, as shown in FIG. 7, unlike the state of the metal sphere 13 shown in FIG. 5, the second metal sphere 13b is in a state in which the second oil passage 11b is opened. The second metal sphere 13b having an inertial force greater than the third metal sphere 13c against the high frequency disturbance is also introduced into the temporal chamber 9 through the back orifice 21 and the first oil passage 11a. Even if the third metal sphere 13c is blocked by the oil, the third oil passage 11c does not close the second oil passage 11b so that the oil can pass therethrough. Therefore, the oil flows into the temporal chamber 9 through the back orifice 21 and the first oil passage 11a, and then passes through the third oil passage 11c and the second oil passage 11b, and the low frequency state. This provides a different damping force than in the case of tension.

Of course, this is the simplest embodiment, in order to obtain a multi-stage damping force by using the principle as described above by setting the size of the oil passage 11 and the size of the metal sphere 13 more various, It is possible to provide the damping force selectively required at the frequency.

For reference, referring to the damping force characteristics provided by the present invention as described above in the speed-force diagram shown in FIG. 8, in the case of a conventional general double acting shock absorber or a shock absorber according to the previous application of the present applicant, Since the flow path of the oil passing through the piston with respect to the speed change is constant, the piston speed and the damping force have a simple linear proportional relationship. However, in the case of the present invention, when the piston speed is low, the metal having a larger inertia force as in the high frequency state is used. Since the spheres 13a and 13b do not completely close the oil passages 11a and 11b and the oil flow path is large, the damping force is relatively small. On the contrary, when the piston speed is high, the oil having a high flow rate has a large inertia force. If the moving metal spheres 13a and 13b are also moved to block the oil passages 11a and 11b, the flow path of the oil is drastically reduced and the damping force is drastically reduced. Will rise.

As described above, according to the present invention, a differential damping force is generated by changing the oil passage size using metal balls having various inertial forces installed on the piston against disturbances of various frequencies generated according to the driving state of the vehicle. The ride comfort and stability of the vehicle can be improved.

Claims (3)

A piston formed in multiple stages on a piston rod connected to the vehicle body, a plurality of oil passages having different sizes and conical shapes in opposite directions to each piston, metal balls of various sizes inserted into the oil passages, A metal orifice fixing means for preventing the metal sphere from being separated from the oil passage of each piston, and a back orifice installed in each piston to communicate the temporal chamber between the piston and the upper and lower chambers of the piston. Shock absorber of a vehicle, characterized in that configured. The method of claim 1, The piston is provided with two pistons, the upper piston and the lower piston, and the upper piston is provided with a first oil passage and a first oil passage of the forward cone shape and the fourth oil passage and a fourth metal sphere of the reverse cone shape, and the lower piston The third oil passage and the third metal sphere of the forward conical shape and the second oil passage and the second metal sphere of the reverse cone shape are installed, and from the first oil passage and the first metal sphere to the fourth oil passage and the fourth metal sphere. Shock absorber of a vehicle, characterized in that the size is configured to gradually decrease. The method of claim 1, The shock absorber of the vehicle, characterized in that the plurality of pistons to maintain a constant interval by a plurality of fastening members installed through the piston to ensure a secure fastening state.