KR100350643B1 - a liquid crystal display - Google Patents

Abstract

On the lower substrate, a gate electrode which is a branch of the horizontal gate line and the gate line, and a storage electrode line parallel to the gate line are formed. The gate line, the gate electrode and the sustain electrode line are covered with a gate insulating film, on which a semiconductor layer and an ohmic contact layer are formed. The data line is formed in the vertical direction, and a source electrode connected to the data line and a drain electrode opposite to the source electrode are formed on the gate electrode. A protective insulating film is formed over the data line and the source and drain electrodes. In the pixel area defined by the region where the gate line and the data line intersect, a pixel electrode having a shape in which a plurality of curved corners are connected is formed, and part of the pixel electrode is in contact with the drain electrode. A gate line auxiliary pattern insulated from the gate line is formed on the gate line between the data lines. An opening pattern is formed in the common electrode of the upper substrate in which a plurality of cross shapes (+) in the shape of narrowing away from the center are arranged in a line. At this time, the spacing between the squares forming the pixel electrode and the width of the opening pattern are greater than the distance between the upper substrate and the lower substrate, thereby reducing the occurrence of abnormal tissue.

Description

Liquid crystal display {a liquid crystal display}

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a liquid crystal display device having a wide viewing angle, and more particularly, to a liquid crystal display device in which a predetermined pattern is formed on a field generating electrode to widen the viewing angle.

In general, a liquid crystal display device has a structure in which a liquid crystal is injected between two substrates, and the amount of light transmitted is controlled by adjusting the intensity of the electric field applied thereto.

In the vertically aligned (VA) type liquid crystal display, liquid crystal molecules are vertically aligned with respect to the substrate in a state in which an electric field is not applied. You can block. That is, since the luminance of the off state in the normally black mode is very low, a high contrast ratio may be obtained as compared with a conventional twisted nematic liquid crystal display. However, in a state in which an electric field is applied, particularly in a state where a gradation voltage is applied, as in the normal twisted nematic mode, there is a problem in that the retardation of light is large depending on the viewing direction of the liquid crystal display, resulting in a narrow viewing angle.

In order to solve this problem, various methods of forming openings in electrodes have been proposed. The curved electric field generated when the electrode is patterned to form an opening is called a fringe field. By arranging liquid crystal molecules by the fringe field, the viewing angle of the liquid crystal display device can be widened.

However, the fringe field produces abnormal texture, which degrades the image quality.

An object of the present invention is to reduce the abnormal structure of the liquid crystal display device.

1 is a view illustrating a state where upper and lower substrates of a liquid crystal display are arranged.

2A and 2B illustrate fringe field strength according to a pattern width,

3 illustrates an arrangement of liquid crystal molecules around an opening,

4 is a layout view of a lower substrate of a liquid crystal display according to a first exemplary embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view taken along the line VV ′ of FIG. 4;

6 is a layout view of an opening pattern formed on a common electrode of an upper substrate of a liquid crystal display according to a first exemplary embodiment of the present invention.

7 is a layout view of the upper and lower substrates of the liquid crystal display according to the first exemplary embodiment of the present invention to be aligned.

8 illustrates an opening pattern and an arrangement state of liquid crystal molecules formed on upper and lower substrates of the liquid crystal display according to the first exemplary embodiment of the present invention.

9 to 12 show equipotential lines generated according to respective embodiments in a cross section taken along line A-A 'in FIG. 7,

13A is a plan view illustrating a pixel electrode pattern of a liquid crystal display according to a second exemplary embodiment of the present invention.

13B is a plan view illustrating an opening pattern formed in the common electrode of the liquid crystal display according to the second exemplary embodiment of the present invention.

13C is a layout view of a state where the upper and lower substrates of the liquid crystal display according to the second exemplary embodiment of the present invention are aligned.

In order to solve this problem, the liquid crystal display according to the present invention forms the width of the opening formed in the electrode wider than the distance between the two substrates.

In the liquid crystal display according to the present invention, a plurality of data lines insulated from the plurality of gate lines and the gate lines and intersect the gate lines are formed on the first substrate. The thin film transistor including a gate electrode connected to the gate line, a source electrode connected to the data line, and a drain electrode separated from the source electrode receives a scan signal from the gate line and switches the image signal from the data line. A first electrode connected to the drain electrode and having a first opening is formed, and a second electrode is formed on the inner surface of the second substrate facing the first substrate, wherein the width of the first opening is the first substrate. And wider than the distance between the second substrates.

Here, the second electrode may have a second opening.

The first opening may have a shape in which a plurality of curved corners are connected, wherein a ratio of the narrowest portion of the width of the first opening to the distance between the first substrate and the second substrate is greater than 1 and less than or equal to 2 It is preferable to form.

In addition, the second opening may have a shape in which several crosses having a shape that becomes narrower as the distance from the center is arranged in a line, and the second opening has the most width among the widths of the second opening with respect to the distance between the first substrate and the second substrate. It is preferable that the ratio of a narrow part is larger than 1 and two or less. However, since the distance between two substrates of a conventional liquid crystal display device is 4 to 5 μm, the narrowest part of the widths of the first and second openings is 4.5 to 10 μm.

A liquid crystal material layer may be further included between the first substrate and the second substrate, and the liquid crystal material layer is preferably vertically oriented with negative dielectric anisotropy.

Here, when the average major axis directions of the liquid crystal molecules in the neighboring regions divided around the first opening and the second opening when the voltage is applied to the first and second electrodes form 180 ° to each other, the first opening and the second opening It is good to form the width | variety of an opening part 10 micrometers or more and 20 micrometers or less.

In addition, when the dielectric anisotropy of the liquid crystal material layer is -0.3 to -0.5 and the potential difference between the first and second electrodes is 5 to 6V, the width of the first and second openings may be 10 μm or more and 20 μm or less.

In the present invention, the width of the opening is formed to be wider than the distance between the two substrates, so that the fringe field is strongly generated, and thus the liquid crystal molecules are stably arranged, thereby reducing the occurrence of abnormal tissue. In addition, when the average major axis direction of the liquid crystal molecules is 180 ° in the region divided around the opening, the opening is formed wider to form a stronger horizontal component of the fringe field, so that the boundary of the divided region appears as a single line. The inside of the covered area is made uniform.

Next, embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

FIG. 1 is a view illustrating a state in which upper and lower substrates are disposed in a liquid crystal display according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention, wherein two substrates 1 and 5 face each other at a distance D, and two substrates 1, On the inner side of 5), field generating electrodes 2 and 6 are formed, respectively, and openings are formed in one or both of the two electrodes 2 and 6, respectively. Vertical alignment films 3 and 7 are formed on the electrodes 2 and 6, respectively, and a liquid crystal layer 9 having negative dielectric anisotropy is positioned between the two alignment films 3 and 7. On the outer surface of each of the substrates 1 and 5, polarizers 4 and 8 are attached to the lower substrate 1 to polarize the light entering the liquid crystal layer 9 and the light passing through the liquid crystal layer 9. The polarization axis of the attached polarizing plate 4 forms an angle of 90 degrees with respect to the polarization axis of the polarizing plate 8 attached to the upper substrate 5.

2A and 2B are cross-sectional views of a liquid crystal display according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention, respectively, showing only electrodes of two substrates. Openings 201 and 202 are formed in one of the two electrodes 2 and 6 to create a fringe field.

First, the arrangement of the electric field and the liquid crystal molecules 91 generated between the two electrodes 2 and 6 will be described with reference to FIG. 2A.

When voltages of different magnitudes are applied to the upper and lower electrodes 2 and 6, an electric field is generated according to the voltage difference. The generated electric field is perpendicular to the upper and lower electrodes 2, 6 in most places, but bends near the opening 201 and becomes symmetrical about the center of the opening 201. However, since the liquid crystal molecules 91 have a negative dielectric anisotropy, the liquid crystal molecules 91 try to be perpendicular to the electric field, and thus both liquid crystal molecules 91 lie in opposite directions with respect to the center of the opening 201.

The electric field can be divided into a vertical component (Ex) and a horizontal component (Ez). The vertical component (Ez) serves to lay down the liquid crystal molecules 91 standing perpendicular to the substrate 1 and the horizontal component (Ex). Determines the direction in which the liquid crystal molecules 91 lie down. For example, since the electric field on the left side of the center of the opening 201 has a horizontal component Ex in the right direction, the lying direction is counterclockwise, and the right part is reversed.

However, since the horizontal component Ex of the electric field is present and only the vertical component Ez exists in the center of the opening 201, the direction in which the liquid crystal molecules 91 lie is not determined. Therefore, the liquid crystal molecules 91 positioned at the center of the opening 201 have a high probability of standing without lying down. As a result, the arrangement of the liquid crystal molecules 91 is rapidly changed around the central portion of the opening 201, resulting in unstable texture.

For example, the liquid crystal molecules positioned at the center of the opening 201 when the elastic force of the liquid crystal molecules 91, that is, the force due to the property of the nematic liquid crystal molecules 91 to be parallel to each other, overcome the force due to the fringe field. 91) fall to the left. Of course, the elastic force is related to the dielectric anisotropy of the liquid crystal. In this case, the liquid crystal molecules 91 positioned at the right side of the center of the opening 201 should fall to the right, but because of the large elastic force, the liquid crystal molecules 91 may fall to the left to move the boundary between the two regions to the right. In addition, when the elastic force is very large, the boundary between the two regions may extend over the electrode. In addition, when some of the liquid crystal molecules 91 positioned at the center of the opening 201 fall to the left and some to the right, the boundary between the two regions may be bifurcated.

In order to eliminate the unstable structure, the arrangement of the liquid crystal molecules 91 from one side of the opening 201 to the other side must be continuous and change slowly. That is, it is preferable that the liquid crystal molecules 91 are arranged near the center of the opening 201 so as to be perpendicular to the center of the opening 201 and gently lay down as they move away from the center.

In order for the liquid crystal molecules 91 near the center of the opening 201 to be close to the vertical, it is preferable that the ratio of the horizontal component to the vertical component of the electric field near the center of the opening 201 is large or the size of the electric field itself is small.

In addition, it is preferable to widen the region where the arrangement of the liquid crystal molecules 91 changes to reduce the amount of change.

Compare FIG. 2A and FIG. 2B. 2A and 2B, the widths d1 and d2 of the openings 201 and 202 are large in the case of FIG. 2B.

Comparing the electric field at the edges of the openings 201 and 202, the vertical component Ez is smaller and the horizontal component Ex is larger in the case of FIG. 2B than in the case of FIG. 2A. Because the electric field is the sum of the two electric fields from two electrode portions 205, 206 located on both sides of the openings 201, 202, the electric field at the edge of one portion 205 is the electric field due to that portion 205. The intensity of is the same but the intensity of the electric field due to the other portion 206 is different because the distance between the two portions 205 and 206 (ie, the width of the openings) d1 and d2 is different in FIGS. 2A and 2B. The vertical component Ez of the electric field by the two parts 205 and 206 is in the same direction and the horizontal component Ex is in the other direction, the vertical and horizontal components Ez and Ex of the electric field by the part 206 at point A. ) Are all small in FIG. 2B. Accordingly, the vertical component Ez at the point A is smaller in the case of FIG. 2B than in the case of FIG. 2A, and the horizontal component Ex is larger in the case of FIG. 2B than in the case of FIG. 2A.

In addition, the magnitude of the electric field at the center of the openings 201 and 202 (also referred to as the size of the vertical component since there is only a vertical component) is also small in FIG. 2B. This is because the distance from the center of the openings 201 and 202 to the respective parts 205 and 206 is farther than that of FIG. 2A in FIG. 2B.

Considering the continuity of the electric field, it can be said that the ratio of the horizontal component Ex to the vertical component Ez of the electric field is large and the intensity of the electric field is small in the openings 201 and 202.

In addition, the area where the liquid crystal molecules 91 change is large in the case of FIG. 2B in which the widths of the openings 201 and 202 are large.

As a result, in the case where the widths of the openings 201 and 202 are large, the arrangement of the liquid crystal molecules 91 is considered to be close to vertical, continuous, and smooth, so that the arrangement is stable. On the other hand, in the case of Figure 2b the area near the vertical of the liquid crystal molecules 91 appears wide, the opening ratio may be slightly lower.

3A to 3D are diagrams showing the arrangement of liquid crystal molecules around the openings shown in FIGS. 2A and 2B. FIG. 3A shows a case where the opening width is narrow and the applied voltage is low. FIG. 3B shows the opening width is narrow and the applied voltage. This large case is shown, and FIG. 3C shows a case where the opening width is large and the applied voltage is small, and FIG. 3D shows the case where the opening width is large and the applied voltage is large.

In the case of narrow openings, when the voltage is low as shown in FIG. 3A, the boundaries between the regions appear as a single line near the center of the opening.However, when the voltage increases, as shown in FIG. Back non-uniform tissue grows.

In the case of the wide opening, the boundary between the regions appears as a thick line near the center of the opening as shown in FIG. 3C. As the voltage increases, as shown in FIG. 3D, the boundary may be weakly divided into two branches but does not extend into the electrode. Does not.

As described above, the wider the opening and the lower the applied voltage, the more uniform the divided region but the smaller the aperture ratio. Therefore, it is necessary to appropriately determine the width of the opening.

On the other hand, the phenomenon described above may appear differently depending on the direction in which the liquid crystal molecules are inclined. For example, when the opening is linear and the liquid crystal molecules are inclined vertically with respect to the extending direction of the opening when viewed from the substrate, and when the opening is bent, the opening angle is different from 90 ° with respect to the extending direction of the opening. Can be compared. In the latter case, the liquid crystal molecules at the center portion of the opening are not perpendicular to the substrate but are inclined in the length direction of the opening. Therefore, when the angular change of the liquid crystal molecules from the center of the opening to the edge is smaller than that of the electrons, the gradual change appears, and the boundary between the regions is less likely to be bifurcated.

Next, specific embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail.

First, the liquid crystal display according to the first exemplary embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS. 4 to 8.

4 is a layout view of a lower substrate of the liquid crystal display according to the first exemplary embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view taken along the line VV ′ of FIG. 4.

First, as shown in FIGS. 4 and 5, the gate electrode 11, the storage electrode line 13, and the storage electrode line 13 connected to the gate line 11 and the gate line 11 are connected to the insulating substrate 10. First and second light blocking films 132 and 133 are formed. The gate line 11 and the storage electrode line 13 extend in the horizontal direction and are alternately arranged. The first and second light blocking films 132 and 133 extend in the vertical direction and are positioned between two adjacent gate lines 11 to form a narrow gap and a wide gap. The storage electrode line 13 usually has an equipotential to the common electrode of the upper substrate, but may have its own potential.

The gate insulating film 20 covers the gate line 11, the gate electrode 12, the storage electrode line 13, and the first and second light blocking films 132 and 133, and a semiconductor made of a material such as amorphous silicon thereon. Layer 21 is formed and positioned over gate electrode 12.

An ohmic contact layer 22 made of amorphous silicon doped with a high concentration of n-type impurities such as phosphorus (P) is formed on the semiconductor layer 21.

On the gate insulating film 20, data lines 31, source and drain electrodes 32, 33 are formed. The data line 31 is disposed at a narrow interval between the first and second light blocking films 132 and 133 and extends in the vertical direction, and the source electrode 32 connected to the data line 31 and the drain electrode separated from the data line 31 are formed. 33 are facing each other with respect to the gate electrode 12.

A protective insulating film 40 is formed on the data line 31 and the source and drain electrodes 32 and 33, and a contact hole 401 exposing the drain electrode 33 is formed in the protective insulating film 40.

In the pixel region, which is a region defined by the intersection of the gate line 11 and the data line 31, a pixel electrode 41 having a shape in which several curved squares 411 are connected by a narrow connecting portion 412. It is formed on this protective insulating film 40. The pixel electrode 41 is in contact with a part of the drain electrode 33 through the contact hole 401 formed in the protective insulating film 40. The pixel electrode 41 may be formed of a transparent conductive material such as indium tin oxide (ITO) in a transmissive liquid crystal display, and may be formed of a metal having good reflection such as aluminum in a reflective liquid crystal display. In addition, the pixel electrode 41 may be formed to have an opening pattern having various shapes such as a rectangle, a sawtooth, or a cross.

A gate line auxiliary pattern 18 insulated from the gate line 11 is formed on the gate line 11 between the data lines 31, and when the gate line 11 below the auxiliary pattern 18 is disconnected. This can be repaired by irradiating a laser to short the gate lines 11 on both sides of the disconnected portion with the gate line auxiliary pattern 18. However, both ends of the gate line auxiliary pattern 18 may be connected to the gate line 11 through a contact hole from the beginning. The gate line auxiliary pattern 18 may be formed of the same metal as the data line 31 on the same layer as the data line 13, or may be formed of a material of the pixel electrode 41 such as ITO on the same layer as the pixel electrode 41. It may be formed.

Next, FIG. 6 is a view illustrating an opening pattern formed on the common electrode of the upper substrate of the liquid crystal display according to the first exemplary embodiment of the present invention.

As shown in FIG. 6, an opening 51 is formed in the common electrode of the upper substrate. The opening 51 is formed in a shape in which a plurality of crosses (+) consisting of vertical branches 512 and horizontal branches 513 having a shape narrowing away from the center 511 are arranged in a line. It may be formed in another shape. Forming the opening 51 in such a shape is intended to smooth the degree to which the boundary line of the opening 51 is bent or bent, so that the arrangement of the liquid crystal molecules becomes more uniform as the degree of the boundary line of the opening 51 is bent or bent. This is because the response speed is fast. For the same reason, the pixel electrode 41 is formed in a shape in which several corners 411 having curved corners are connected. Therefore, even when the opening 51 or the pixel electrode 41 is formed in a different shape, it is preferable that the boundary line is bent or curved in a straight line or an obtuse angle.

Next, FIG. 7 is a layout view of the upper and lower substrates of the liquid crystal display according to the first exemplary embodiment of the present invention in an aligned state, and FIG. 8 is formed on the upper and lower substrates of the liquid crystal display according to the first exemplary embodiment of the present invention. The opening pattern and the arrangement state of the liquid crystal molecules are shown.

As shown in FIGS. 7 and 8, the upper substrate and the lower substrate are aligned to form an opening 51 of the upper substrate overlapping the pixel electrode 41 of the lower substrate. The storage electrode line 13 overlaps one horizontal branch 513 of the opening 51, and the center of each cross shape of the opening 51 is positioned at the center of the pixel electrode 41 to form the pixel electrode 41. Each quadrangle 411 is divided into four. At this time, each region of the pixel electrode 41 divided by the opening 51 may form a closed curve so that the boundary line of the opening 51 and the boundary line of the pixel electrode 41 meet each other. Here, by dividing each of the quadrangles 411 forming the pixel electrode 41 by the opening 51, the average major axis directions of the liquid crystal molecules in each of the four divided regions are 90 ° to each other, and the opening 51 is formed in the longitudinal direction of the opening 51. Form 45˚. When the square 411 is formed in a square shape, when using an orthogonal polarizer, the average major axis direction of the liquid crystal molecules in each divided region may be 45 ° to the direction of the polarizer (both arrows in FIG. 8) when viewed from above the substrate. It is suitable for securing a wide viewing angle.

In such a liquid crystal display device, a gap W between the quadrangles 411 constituting the pixel electrode 41 (which can be regarded as a kind of opening), a width W ′ of the opening 51 of the upper substrate, and a gap between the upper substrate and the lower substrate. It was observed how the equipotential line pattern formed according to the ratio of the distance (D in FIG. 1) changes. Here, the distance W between the quadrangles 411 or the width W ′ of the opening 51 is based on the narrowest place.

9 to 12 are graphs illustrating an equipotential line generated when a voltage is applied to an electrode of the liquid crystal display illustrated in FIGS. 4 to 8 along the line AA ′ of FIG. 7. The horizontal axis of the graph represents the width W between the opening 51 of the upper substrate W ′ and the rectangle 411 constituting the pixel electrode 41 of the lower substrate, and the 40 μm point represents the pixel electrode 41 and the opening 51. ), And the vertical axis represents the distance D between the two substrates.

The distance D between the upper substrate and the lower substrate and the width W ′ of the opening 51 are 4 μm and 16 μm in FIG. 9, 4 μm and 8 μm in FIG. 10, 4 μm and 3.2 μm in FIG. 11, and in FIG. 12. It was set as 8 micrometers and 8 micrometers.

As shown in Fig. 11, when the width W 'of the opening 51 is smaller than the distance D between the two substrates, the equipotential lines are formed smoothly, and the width of the opening 51 W between the two substrates is shown. As the distance D becomes larger, the curvature of the equipotential lines becomes larger, and the interval between the equipotential lines formed near the edge of the opening 51 becomes narrower.

Therefore, as the width W between the opening 51 width W ′ or the square 411 becomes larger than the distance D between the two substrates, the degree of warpage of the electric field increases, in particular, the distance D between the two substrates. In the larger case, the liquid crystal molecules are in a stable state.

Abnormal tissue occurs when the spacing W between the rectangles 411 and the width W ′ of the opening 51 are smaller than the distance D between the two substrates. These abnormal tissues change shape according to the applied voltage, and afterimages appear after 5 seconds to appear and disappear.

However, if the spacing between the squares and the opening width is too large, the opening ratio drops, so that the ratio of the smallest part of the opening width to the distance between the two substrates is preferably 1 or more and 2 or less. In a typical liquid crystal display device, the distance between the two substrates is about 4-5 μm, so the smallest portion of the opening width is 4-10 μm.

As mentioned above, in the first embodiment of the present invention, the average major axis directions of the liquid crystal molecules in each of the four divided regions form 90 ° to each other. However, since the opening pattern may be formed in various shapes, the arrangement state of the liquid crystal molecules is changed accordingly. That is, the average major axis directions of the liquid crystal molecules of the divided regions may be 180 ° with respect to the opening pattern.

A second embodiment of the present invention having such an arrangement of liquid crystal molecules will be described with reference to FIGS. 13A to 13C.

As shown in FIG. 13A, the rectangular pixel electrode 61 is formed with a first opening 611 slanted from the right side to the left side in the middle portion, and both entrances of the first opening 611 are cut off at corners. I'm bent at a gentle angle. When the pixel electrode 61 is divided into upper and lower portions with the first opening 611 as the center, second and third openings 612 and 613 are formed in the upper and lower portions, respectively. The second and third openings 612 and 613 are diagonally cut into the upper right and lower right portions from the left near the center of the pixel electrode 61, respectively.

13B illustrates an opening pattern formed in the common electrode. The common electrode includes a stem portion 711 formed in the horizontal direction, first and second branch portions 712 and 714 extending upward and downward in an oblique direction from the stem portion 711, respectively, and the first and second branch portions. A fourth opening portion including first and second branch ends 713 and 715 extending vertically from 712 and 714 in the vertical direction is formed, respectively. In addition, the common electrode has a central portion 721 parallel to the first branch portion 712 in a diagonal direction, a transverse end portion 722 extending in the horizontal direction from the central portion 721, and a vertical portion from the central portion 721 in the vertical direction. A sixth opening that is symmetrical with the fifth opening is formed with respect to the fifth opening and the fourth opening including the extending vertical end portion 723. The fourth, fifth and sixth openings in this arrangement are repeatedly formed in the common electrode.

13c, the pixel electrode 61 and the common electrode are overlapped. The first to third openings 611, 612, and 613 of the pixel electrode 61 and the fourth to sixth openings of the common electrode overlap each other to divide the pixel electrode 61 into a plurality of regions. At this time, the openings 611, 612, 613 of the pixel electrode 61 and the openings of the common electrode are alternately arranged. The divided regions are generally trapezoidal, and the average major axis direction of the liquid crystal molecules in the region is perpendicular to the two faces facing each other in each region. The first to sixth openings are branch end portions of the first opening portion 611 that divides the center of the pixel electrode 61, the stem portion 711 of the fourth opening portion, and the fourth opening portion overlapping the sides of the pixel electrode 61. Except for 713 and 715, the horizontal ends 722 and 732 and the vertical ends 723 and 733 of the second and third openings are formed in parallel with each other.

In such a liquid crystal display device, the average major axis directions of the liquid crystal molecules in a region divided by the opening are mostly 180 °, and are perpendicular to the length direction of the opening. When a voltage is applied thereto, the boundary portions of the two regions may appear as bifurcated lines as described above.

As a result, when the Δε of the liquid crystal is -3.0 ~ -5.0 and the driving voltage, that is, the potential difference between the two electrodes (2, 6 in Figure 1) is 5 ~ 6V, the opening width should be at least 10μm or more. Therefore, it is preferable to make opening width into 10 micrometers or more and 20 micrometers or less.

The present invention forms an opening pattern on the electrodes formed on the upper and lower substrates, and forms the opening pattern width larger than the distance between the two substrates, thereby reducing the occurrence of unnecessary tissue.

Claims (16)

(Correction) the first substrate, A plurality of gate lines formed on an inner surface of the first substrate, A plurality of data lines insulated from the gate lines and intersecting the gate lines; A thin film transistor comprising a gate electrode connected to the gate line, a source electrode connected to the data line, and a drain electrode separated from the source electrode, and receiving a scan signal from the gate line to switch an image signal from the data line; A first electrode connected to the drain electrode and having a first opening having a variable width ; A second substrate facing the first substrate, A second electrode formed on an inner surface of the second substrate Including; The narrowest width among the widths of the first opening is greater than the distance between the first substrate and the second substrate. In claim 1, The second electrode has a second opening. In claim 2, The width of the second opening is greater than the distance between the first substrate and the second substrate. In claim 3, The first opening may have a shape in which a plurality of curved corners are connected to each other. In claim 4, And a ratio of the narrowest portion of the width of the first opening to the distance between the first substrate and the second substrate is greater than 1 and less than or equal to 2. The method of claim 4 or 5, And a plurality of cross-shaped shapes in which the second openings become narrower as they move away from the center. In claim 6, The ratio of the narrowest part of the width | variety of the said 2nd opening part with respect to the distance between a said 1st board | substrate and a said 2nd board | substrate is larger than 1 and 2 or less. In claim 7, The smallest part of the width of the said 1st opening part and the said 2nd opening part is 4.5-10 micrometers. In claim 3, And a liquid crystal material layer injected between the first substrate and the second substrate. In claim 9, The liquid crystal material layer has a negative dielectric anisotropy and is vertically oriented. In claim 10, The average long-axis direction of the liquid crystal molecules in neighboring regions divided about the first opening and the second opening when the voltage is applied to the first and second electrodes is 180 ° to each other. In claim 11, The dielectric anisotropy of the liquid crystal material layer is -0.3 to -0.5, and the potential difference between the first and second electrodes is 5 to 6V. The method of claim 11 or 12, The width of the first opening and the second opening is 10 μm or more. In claim 13, The first and second openings have a width of 10 μm or more and 20 μm or less. (Correction) the first substrate, A plurality of gate lines formed on an inner surface of the first substrate, A plurality of data lines insulated from the gate lines and intersecting the gate lines; A thin film transistor comprising a gate electrode connected to the gate line , a source electrode connected to the data line , and a drain electrode separated from the source electrode, and receiving a scan signal from the gate line to switch an image signal from the data line; A first electrode connected to the drain electrode and having a first opening; A second substrate facing the first substrate, A second electrode formed on an inner surface of the second substrate and having a second opening; Including; The width of the first opening and the second opening is 10 μm or more. The method of claim 15, The first and second openings have a width of 10 μm or more and 20 μm or less.