KR100341675B1 - Method of coating precoat material on rotary vacuum precoat filter - Google Patents
Method of coating precoat material on rotary vacuum precoat filter Download PDFInfo
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- KR100341675B1 KR100341675B1 KR1019990022950A KR19990022950A KR100341675B1 KR 100341675 B1 KR100341675 B1 KR 100341675B1 KR 1019990022950 A KR1019990022950 A KR 1019990022950A KR 19990022950 A KR19990022950 A KR 19990022950A KR 100341675 B1 KR100341675 B1 KR 100341675B1
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- filter
- fly ash
- sludge
- coating
- diatomaceous earth
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D37/00—Processes of filtration
- B01D37/02—Precoating the filter medium; Addition of filter aids to the liquid being filtered
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D33/00—Filters with filtering elements which move during the filtering operation
- B01D33/04—Filters with filtering elements which move during the filtering operation with filtering bands or the like supported on cylinders which are impervious for filtering
- B01D33/042—Filters with filtering elements which move during the filtering operation with filtering bands or the like supported on cylinders which are impervious for filtering whereby the filtration and squeezing-out take place between at least two filtering bands
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D33/00—Filters with filtering elements which move during the filtering operation
- B01D33/06—Filters with filtering elements which move during the filtering operation with rotary cylindrical filtering surfaces, e.g. hollow drums
- B01D33/067—Construction of the filtering drums, e.g. mounting or sealing arrangements
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D39/00—Filtering material for liquid or gaseous fluids
- B01D39/08—Filter cloth, i.e. woven, knitted or interlaced material
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
- B05D—PROCESSES FOR APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
- B05D1/00—Processes for applying liquids or other fluent materials
- B05D1/02—Processes for applying liquids or other fluent materials performed by spraying
- B05D1/12—Applying particulate materials
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F11/00—Treatment of sludge; Devices therefor
- C02F11/12—Treatment of sludge; Devices therefor by de-watering, drying or thickening
- C02F11/121—Treatment of sludge; Devices therefor by de-watering, drying or thickening by mechanical de-watering
- C02F11/123—Treatment of sludge; Devices therefor by de-watering, drying or thickening by mechanical de-watering using belt or band filters
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F11/00—Treatment of sludge; Devices therefor
- C02F11/12—Treatment of sludge; Devices therefor by de-watering, drying or thickening
- C02F11/121—Treatment of sludge; Devices therefor by de-watering, drying or thickening by mechanical de-watering
- C02F11/126—Treatment of sludge; Devices therefor by de-watering, drying or thickening by mechanical de-watering using drum filters
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D2239/00—Aspects relating to filtering material for liquid or gaseous fluids
- B01D2239/04—Additives and treatments of the filtering material
- B01D2239/0471—Surface coating material
- B01D2239/0492—Surface coating material on fibres
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Hydrology & Water Resources (AREA)
- Water Supply & Treatment (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Textile Engineering (AREA)
- Filtration Of Liquid (AREA)
- Solid-Sorbent Or Filter-Aiding Compositions (AREA)
- Treatment Of Sludge (AREA)
Abstract
본 발명은 회전감압조제피복여과기의 회전드럼의 여과포위에 새로운 피복여과조제의 코팅방법을 제공함으로서 경제성있는 규조토의 대체물질을 제공함을 그 목적으로 한다. 또한 본 발명은 벨트사이의 기계적 압력에 의해서 슬러지를 탈수하는 벨트여과방법에 있어서 물에 혼합된 여과조제를 벨트에 분무하는 방법에 의하여 여과포의 오염을 줄이고 여과액의 청정도를 향상시킴을 특징으로 하는 벨트여과방법을 제공함을 그 목적으로 한다.An object of the present invention is to provide an economical alternative to diatomaceous earth by providing a coating method of a new coating filter aid on the filter cloth of the rotating drum of the rotary pressure reducing coating filter. In another aspect, the present invention is characterized in that in the belt filtration method for dewatering the sludge by the mechanical pressure between the belt to reduce the contamination of the filter cloth and improve the cleanliness of the filtrate by spraying the filter aid mixed with water to the belt It is an object of the present invention to provide a belt filtration method.
Description
본 발명은 하폐수 슬러지와 양어장 및 축산폐수 슬러지(이하 슬러지로 통칭함)의 탈수를 위한 회전감압조제피복여과기에 새로운 피복여과조제를 제공하는 방법과 벨트여과기의 공정효율을 높이는 방법에 관한 것이다.The present invention relates to a method for providing a new coating filter preparation to a rotary pressure-reducing coating filter filter for dewatering sewage sludge and fish farms and livestock waste water sludge (hereinafter referred to as sludge) and a method for increasing the process efficiency of the belt filter.
슬러지의 함수율을 낮추기 위해 일반적으로 개량 및 탈수과정을 거치게 된다. 슬러지를 탈수시키는 방법에는 슬러지 건조상, 건조용 라군 등 자연적인 탈수 방법과 기계적인 탈수 방법이 있다. 자연적인 방법에서는 넓은 부지확보가 요구되므로 도시에 설치된 대부분의 하, 폐수처리장에서는 기계에 의한 탈수 방법을 사용하고 있으며 그 종류로는 감압여과(vacuum filteration), 회전감압조제피복여과기 (Rotary vacuum precoat filter), 원심분리기, 벨트여과기(belt pres filter) 등이 있다.In order to lower the water content of the sludge, it is generally subjected to improvement and dehydration. Dewatering of sludge includes natural dewatering methods such as sludge dry bed and drying lagoon and mechanical dewatering methods. Since natural methods require a large site, most of the sewage and wastewater treatment plants installed in the city use mechanical dehydration methods. Vacuum filteration and rotary vacuum precoat filter are used. ), Centrifuges and belt pres filters.
회전감압조제피복여과기는 일반적인 감압여과기와 모양과 운전형태가 비슷하며 다만 여과포위에 규조토와 같은 여과조제로 코팅한 후 슬러지를 여과하여, 탈수된 슬러지케이크와 여과조제를 조금씩 깍는 기능이 덧붙어 있고 여과포를 거의 세척할 필요가 없는 장점이 있다. 도 1은 회전감압조제피복여과기의 운전공정에 대한 개략도이다. 피복여과조제로서 규조토를 일반적으로 사용하고 있으며 콜트와 휴게닌(Colt and Huguenin ;1989)이 해수를 이용한 순환여과양어시스템에서 규조토를 이용한 여과에서 우수한 효율을 입증한 바 있으며 웨스터오프와 댈리(Westeroff and Daly ;1974)의 슬러지 탈수여과실험에서 규조토를 피복여과했을 때 여과액의 청정성을 입증한 바 있다. 그러나 회전감압조제피복여과기의 여러 장점에도 불구하고 국내에서 그 사용 범위가 한정되어 있는데 그 주요 원인중의 하나가 피복여과조제로 이용되는 규조토의 가격에 있다. 규조토는 국내 가공생산이 저조하여 수입에 의존하고 있으며 1998년 기준 ton당 75만원의 고가이므로 회전감압조제피복여과기의 여러 장점에도 불구하고 그 사용범위에 있어 탈수가 곤란한 정유공장폐수와 식품가공공장 슬러지처리공정 등에 한정되어 있다. 회전감압조제피복여과기의 범용화를 위해서는 가격경쟁력이 있는 규조토의 대체물질의 개발이 필요하다. 대체물질은 경제성과 함께 규조토와 비슷한 물성을 지녀야 하며 탈수능이 좋아야 한다.Rotary decompression filter cloth filter is similar in shape and operation to general decompression filter, but it is coated with filter aid such as diatomaceous earth on the filter cloth and filtered sludge, and it has a function to mow dehydrated sludge cake and filter aid little by little. There is almost no need to wash. 1 is a schematic diagram of an operation process of a rotary pressure reducing coating filter. Diatomaceous earth is commonly used as a coating filtration aid, and Colt and Huguenin (1989) has demonstrated excellent efficiency in filtration using diatomaceous earth in circulating filtration fish farming systems using seawater. The sludge dewatering experiment of Daly; 1974) demonstrated the cleanliness of filtrates when diatomaceous earth was coated. However, despite the advantages of the rotary pressure reducing cloth filter, its range of use is limited in Korea. One of the main reasons is the price of diatomaceous earth used as a coating filter aid. Diatomite is dependent on imports due to low domestic production and high price of 750,000 won per ton in 1998. Despite the advantages of rotary decompression cloth filter, it is difficult to dehydrate in refinery wastewater and food processing plant sludge. It is limited to a processing process. In order to generalize the rotary pressure reducing coating filter, it is necessary to develop a substitute material of diatomaceous earth which is competitive in price. Substitute materials should have similar properties to diatomaceous earth as well as economic efficiency and have good dehydration ability.
한편 하, 폐수 처리장에서 슬러지 탈수기로 가장 널리 사용되고 있는 벨트여과기는 경제성과 더불어 연속적으로 운전할 수 있는 장점을 가지고 있다. 도 2는 벨트여과기의 운전공정에 대한 개략도로서 슬러지개량단계, 중력배수단계, 압축탈수단계를 거쳐 운전된다.Meanwhile, the belt filter, which is widely used as a sludge dehydrator in sewage treatment plants, has the advantage of being able to operate continuously with economical efficiency. Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of the operation process of the belt filter is operated through a sludge improvement step, gravity drainage step, compression dewatering step.
그러나 벨트여과기는 응집제를 사용하여 슬러지를 개량해야하며 탈수 후 여과포로부터 슬러지 케이크를 탈리한 후 오염된 탈수기 여과포를 세척하는데 많은 양의 방류수를 재이용해야 하고 여기서 오염된 물이 반려수를 통해 다시 하수처리장 유입구로 반송되므로 처리해야할 유입부하를 높이는 단점을 가지고 있다. 또한 탈수성에 있어 탈수 슬러지 케이크의 함수율이 80% 정도로서 다른 탈수기에 비해탈수능이 떨어지는 단점이 있다.However, the belt filter has to use sludge to improve the sludge. After dewatering, the sludge cake has to be removed from the filter cloth and the contaminated dehydrator filter cloth has to be reused, where the contaminated water is reused through the sewage treatment plant. Since it is returned to the inlet, it has a disadvantage of increasing the inflow load to be treated. In addition, the water content of the dewatered sludge cake in the dehydration is about 80%, there is a disadvantage that the dehydration capacity is lower than other dehydrators.
본 발명은 회전감압조제피복여과에 사용되는 피복여과조제인 규조토의 대체물질을 개발하여 경제성이 있으면서도 탈수능이 우수한 피복여과조제를 제공하는 피복여과조제의 코팅방법을 제공함을 그 목적으로 한다.It is an object of the present invention to provide a coating method of coating filter aid, which provides a coating filter aid with excellent economic efficiency and dehydration ability by developing an alternative material of diatomaceous earth, which is a coating filter aid used for rotary pressure reducing coating filtration.
상기의 목적을 달성하기 위하여 본 발명은 100-500 mesh의 비산재를 1-8%의 농도로 물에 혼합하여 10-15mm의 두께로 여과포위에 코팅함을 특징으로 하는 피복여과조제의 코팅방법을 제공한다.In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides a coating method of the coating filter aid, characterized in that the fly ash of 100-500 mesh is mixed in water at a concentration of 1-8% and coated on a filter cloth with a thickness of 10-15mm. do.
본 발명에 의해 회전감압조제피복여과기의 운전비용을 절감하여 회전감압조제피복여과기의 범용화에 기여할 수 있으며, 벨트여과기의 효율을 높일 수 있는 수단을 제공할 수 있다. 또한 화력발전소에서 배출된 석탄비산재와 슬러지가 소각된 후 생성되는 비산재를 재활용함으로써 폐기물질의 재활용효과에 의해 환경오염을 방지할 수 있다.According to the present invention, it is possible to reduce the operating cost of the rotary pressure reducing coating filter, thereby contributing to the generalization of the rotary pressure reducing coating filter, and to provide a means for increasing the efficiency of the belt filter. In addition, by recycling the coal fly ash discharged from the thermal power plant and the fly ash generated after the sludge is incinerated, it is possible to prevent the environmental pollution by the recycling of waste materials.
본 발명의 또다른 목적은 여과조제의 살포라는 간단한 공정에 의하여 벨트여과기의 효율을 높일 수 있는 방법을 제공하는 것이다.Still another object of the present invention is to provide a method for increasing the efficiency of the belt filter by a simple process of spraying the filtration aid.
상기의 목적을 달성하기 위하여 본발명은 1-8%의 농도로 물에 혼합된 여과조제를 벨트에 분무하여 이 벨트로서 압축탈수를 행하므로서 여과포의 오염을 줄이고 여과액의 청정도를 향상시킴을 특징으로 하는 벨트여과방법을 제공하며, 물에 혼합되는 상기 여과조제로는 규조토, 석탄가루, 페라이트, 비산재로 이루어진 그룹중에서 하나를 선택할 수 있다.In order to achieve the above object, the present invention is characterized by reducing the contamination of the filter cloth and improving the cleanliness of the filtrate by spraying the filter aid mixed with water at a concentration of 1-8% to the belt to perform compression dehydration as the belt. It provides a belt filtration method, and the filtration aid is mixed with water can be selected from the group consisting of diatomaceous earth, coal powder, ferrite, fly ash.
본 발명에 의하면, 슬러지의 탈수성이 향상되어 응집제의 사용량을 줄일 수 있을 뿐 아니라 탈수여액의 성상이 코팅하지 않았을 때와 비교하여 청정도가 향상되고 탈수된 슬러지 케이크가 여과포에서 탈리된 후 여과포의 오염도가 줄어들므로 여과포세척을 위한 살포수의 양이 줄어드는 효과를 가져올 수 있다.According to the present invention, the dewatering property of the sludge is improved to reduce the amount of flocculant used, and the cleanliness is improved and the degree of contamination of the filter cloth after the dewatered sludge cake is detached from the filter cloth compared to when the dehydration liquid is not coated. This reduces the amount of water sprayed for filtration cleaning.
도 1은 회전감압조제피복여과기의 운전공정을 나타내는 개략도,1 is a schematic diagram showing an operating process of a rotary pressure reducing coating filter;
도 2는 벨트여과기의 운전공정을 나타내는 개략도,2 is a schematic diagram showing an operation process of a belt filter;
도 3은 국내폐기물 관리법의 용출시험 기준치와 각각의 여과조제에서 용출된 농도의 비교 도표이다.Figure 3 is a comparison chart of the dissolution test reference value of the domestic waste management method and the concentration eluted in each filter aid.
*도면의 주요부분에 대한 설명** Description of the main parts of the drawings *
도 1의 주요부분에 대한 설명Description of the main parts of Figure 1
10 : 투입슬러지 110 : 슬러지저장조10: input sludge 110: sludge storage tank
20 : 탈수처리되는 슬러지 120 : 여과액수집조20: sludge to be dewatered 120: filtrate collection tank
30 : 코팅된 피복여과제 130 : 펌프30 coated coated filter 130 pump
40 : 여과포 140 : 응축기40: filter cloth 140: condenser
50 : 탈수슬러지 150 : 진공여과기50: dewatered sludge 150: vacuum filter
60 : 여과액60: filtrate
도 2의 주요부분에 대한 설명Description of the main part of FIG.
210 : 응집제 310 : 슬러지개량조210: flocculant 310: sludge improvement tank
220 : 개량된 슬러지 320 : 세척수 분무장치220: improved sludge 320: washing water spraying device
230 : 여과액230: filtrate
240 : 탈수슬러지240: dewatered sludge
여과조제라 함은 회전감압조제피복여과기(Rotary vacuum precoat filters)의 회전드럼의 여과포에 코팅되는 물질과 벨트여과기(Belt press filter)의 여과포위에 살포되는 물질을 일컫는다. 이러한 여과조제로는 규조토, 석탄가루, 페라이트 등을 사용하는데 그 중 대표적인 물질이 규조토이다.Filtration aids refer to materials coated on the filter cloth of rotary drums of rotary vacuum precoat filters and materials sprayed on the filter cloth of belt press filters. As such filtration aids, diatomaceous earth, coal powder, ferrite, and the like are used.
규조토는 규조류의 유해가 해저에 퇴적되어 형성된 것으로 그 주성분은 규소로서 불용성이며 공극이 커서 투수성이 크다. 규조토를 여과조제로서 사용할 때 그 효과는 뛰어나나 ton당 75만원의 고가이기 때문에 그 사용범위가 한정된다.Diatomaceous earth is formed by the accumulation of the harmfulness of diatoms on the seabed. The main component is silicon, which is insoluble and has large voids, so that it is highly permeable. When diatomaceous earth is used as a filter aid, its effect is excellent, but its use range is limited because it is expensive at 750,000 won per ton.
한편 비산재는 다공성이며, 비중이 낮고 큰 비표면적과 상당량의 실리카를 함유하여 규조토와 비슷한 물리적 특성을 가지고 있어서 규조토의 대체 물질로 사용될 수 있는 가능성이 있다. 비산재는 석탄, 폐기물 등의 소각 후 발생하는 미세한 먼지성분의 재를 일컫는다. 소각부산물인 재(ash)는 비산재와 바닥재로 분류될 수 있는데 비산재는 주로 전기 집진기에 의해 수집된다. 아래 실시예에서 사용되는 비산재는 화력발전소에서 석탄 소각후 발생되는 석탄비산재(coal fly ash)와 슬러지 소각 후에 발생하는 슬러지 비산재(sludge fly ash)를 사용하였다. 아래 실시예를 통하여 비산재에 의한 규조토의 대체가능성을 증명한다.On the other hand, fly ash is porous, has a low specific gravity, contains a large specific surface area and a considerable amount of silica, and has similar physical properties to diatomaceous earth, which may be used as a substitute for diatomaceous earth. Fly ash refers to a fine dust component that occurs after incineration of coal, waste, and the like. Ash, an incineration by-product, can be classified into fly ash and bottom ash, which is collected mainly by an electrostatic precipitator. The fly ash used in the examples below used coal fly ash generated after incineration of coal in a thermal power plant and sludge fly ash generated after incineration of sludge. The following examples demonstrate the feasibility of diatomaceous earth replacement by fly ash.
실시예 1: 성분분석실험Example 1: Component Analysis
표 1은 규조토와 석탄비산재, 슬러지비산재의 성분분석이다.Table 1 shows the component analysis of diatomaceous earth, coal fly ash and sludge fly ash.
성분함량을 비교해 볼때 비산재는 규조토에 비해서 SiO2의 함량이 떨어지기는 하나 전체적인 구성성분과 그 함량비가 비슷함을 알 수 있다.Comparing the component content, the fly ash has a lower content of SiO 2 than that of diatomaceous earth, but it can be seen that the content ratio is similar to the overall composition.
실시예 2: 물리적 특성 비교실험Example 2: Comparison of Physical Properties
다음으로 규조토와 비산재의 물리적 성질을 측정하기 위하여 다음과 같은 실험을 하였다.Next, the following experiment was conducted to measure the physical properties of diatomaceous earth and fly ash.
첫째, 여과조제를 0.15 lb/ft2로 부크너 펀넬에 피복하여 1 gal/ft2/min로물을 투과시킬 때 발생하는 압력의 차를 측정한 결과는 규조토, 석탄비산재, 슬러지비산재의 순으로 각각 0.94, 1.45, 0.83 psi로 슬러지 비산재가 가장 저항을 적게 받는 것으로 나타났다.First, the pressure difference produced when the filter aid was coated on the Buchner funnel at 0.15 lb / ft 2 and the water permeated at 1 gal / ft 2 / min was measured in the order of diatomaceous earth, coal fly ash and sludge fly ash. At 0.94, 1.45 and 0.83 psi, sludge fly ash was found to be the least resistant.
둘째, 6 inch(15cm) 피복된 상태에서 20 inHg(500mmHg) 감압 하에 단위시간, 단위면적당 물이 통과하는 양(gal/ft2/hr)을 측정한 결과 규조토, 석탄비산재, 슬러지비산재의 순으로 각각 30.28, 6.31, 39.12 gal/ft2/hr로서 슬러지 비산재가 가장 양호한 투수성을 보였다.Second, in the 6 inch (15cm) coated state, the unit time and the amount of water per galvanized area (gal / ft 2 / hr) were measured under 20 inHg (500mmHg) decompression, followed by diatomaceous earth, coal fly ash and sludge fly ash. The sludge fly ash showed the best water permeability at 30.28, 6.31 and 39.12 gal / ft 2 / hr, respectively.
셋째, 1기압차가 나는 상태에서 1cm 두께의 피복층을 투과하는 20℃의 물을 가지고 500 mmHg 하에서 1 ml/sec/cm2의 투과성을 측정한 결과 0.18, 0.06, 0.26 Darcy로 나타났다. 따라서 슬러지비산재의 투과성이 가장 높은 값을 보였다.Third, the permeability of 1 ml / sec / cm 2 under 500 mmHg was measured at 0.18, 0.06, and 0.26 Darcy with water of 20 ° C. permeating the 1 cm thick coating layer in the state of 1 atm pressure difference. Therefore, the permeability of sludge fly ash showed the highest value.
넷째, 각 여과조제를 150 mesh로 채거름 한 결과 남아있는 여과조제의 양을 %로 나타낸 결과 각각 7%, 10%, 8%로 비슷한 수치를 나타내었다.Fourth, as a result of filtering each filter aid with 150 mesh, the amount of remaining filter aid was expressed in%, and the similar values were 7%, 10%, and 8%, respectively.
결론적으로 실시예 2에 의한 실험결과에 의해 투수성, 입도분포 등을 측정한 결과 석탄 비산재와 슬러지 비산재가 피복여과조제로서 규조토의 대체 가능성을 보였다.In conclusion, permeability, particle size distribution, etc. were measured according to the experimental results of Example 2, and coal fly ash and sludge fly ash showed the possibility of diatomaceous earth as a coating filter aid.
실시예 3: 비저항측정실험과 유기물, 질소, 인의 제거능 비교실험Example 3: Resistivity test and comparison of organic matter, nitrogen, phosphorus removal ability
슬러지의 탈수능을 비교하기 위하여 부크너 펀넬 실험장치를 이용하여 부크너 펀넬 위에 10 mm 두께로 여과조제를 코팅한 후 슬러지 비저항 측정실험을 실시하였다. 그 결과 규조토를 피복했을 때는 비저항이 3.417*109m/kg이었으며, 석탄비산재는 2.15*109, 슬러지비산재는 1.65*109으로서 여과조제의 코팅이 없이 Whatman No.2 여지만 깔고 부크너 펀넬 실험을 행하였을 때 구한 비저항 6.28*109과 비교해 볼 때, 피복을 했을 때 2배이상의 탈수능을 보인다. 특히 석탄비산재와 슬러지비산재를 코팅한 경우의 비저항이 규조토를 코팅한 경우의 비저항보다 낮아서 비산재의 탈수 효과가 충분함을 보여주고 있다.In order to compare the dewatering capacity of the sludge, a sludge resistivity measurement experiment was performed after coating the filter aid with a thickness of 10 mm on the Buchner funnel using a Buchner funnel experimental apparatus. As a result, when diatomaceous earth was coated, the specific resistance was 3.417 * 10 9 m / kg, and coal fly ash was 2.15 * 10 9 and sludge fly ash was 1.65 * 10 9 . Compared to the specific resistance of 6.28 * 10 9 obtained from the experiment, the coating shows more than twice the dehydration capacity. In particular, the specific resistance of the coating of coal fly ash and sludge fly ash is lower than that of diatomaceous earth, which shows that the fly ash dehydration effect is sufficient.
한편 위실험에서 3종류의 여과 조제를 이용한 여과에서 발생하는 여과액의 성상을 비교 분석한 결과는 표 2와 같다.On the other hand, the results of the comparative analysis of the properties of the filtrate generated in the filtration using the three types of filter aids in the above experiment is shown in Table 2.
이 결과로 보아 규조토의 유기물 제거효과는 비산재에 비해 우수한 것으로 나타났으나, 질소의 제거효과는 비산재 쪽이 우수함을 알 수 있다. 전체적으로 볼 때 규조토의 유기물과 영양염류 제거효과가 다른 여과조제에 비해 우수하나 것을 알 수 있으나 석탄비산재와 슬러지비산재의 효능도 우수한 편에 속함을 알 수 있다.The results show that the organic matter removal effect of diatomaceous earth is superior to fly ash, but the removal effect of nitrogen is better than fly ash. Overall, it can be seen that the organic and nutrient removal effects of diatomaceous earth are superior to other filtration aids, but the effects of coal fly ash and sludge fly ash are also excellent.
실시예 4: 비산재의 유해금속물질 함유 및 용출실험Example 4 Experimental Containment and Dissolution of Hazardous Metals in Fly Ash
비산재를 여과조제로 사용되는 경우 비산재에 함유된 유해 금속물질이 문제가 될 수 있다. 따라서 유해금속 물질의 함유량 분석 및 용출실험에 의하여 그 안전성을 증명하도록 하였다.When fly ash is used as a filtration aid, harmful metals contained in fly ash may be a problem. Therefore, the safety of the hazardous metal substance content analysis and dissolution test was to prove.
규조토와 비산재의 유해금속물질의 함유량을 분석한 결과는 다음과 같다.The results of analysis of the toxic metals content of diatomaceous earth and fly ash are as follows.
비산재의 중금속함유량이 규조토의 중금속함유량보다 상당히 높음을 알 수 있으나, 알려진 바와 같이 비산재 내의 중금속은 상당히 안정한 상태로 존재하기 때문에 용출할 가능성이 적으며 다음 실험에 의하여 이 사실이 증명된다.It can be seen that the heavy metal content of fly ash is significantly higher than that of diatomaceous earth, but as is known, the heavy metal in fly ash is unlikely to elute because it exists in a fairly stable state and is proved by the following experiment.
비산재의 매립형태를 결정하는 중금속 용출을 통하여 비산재의 안전성을 증명하였다. 3종류의 여과조제를 대상으로 KLST법으로 실험한 결과는 표 4와 같다.The safety of fly ash was demonstrated through heavy metal elution which determines the landfill form of fly ash. The results of experiments conducted by the KLST method on three kinds of filtration aids are shown in Table 4.
도 3은 국내폐기물 관리법의 용출시험 기준치와 각각의 여과조제에서 용출된 농도를 비교하여 나타낸 것으로서 5가지 금속 모두 기준치 이하의 값을 보이며 일반매립이 가능한 것으로 관찰된다. 따라서 이로부터 비산재의 안전성이 간접적으로 증명된다.3 is a comparison of the eluted test standard value of the domestic waste management method and the concentrations eluted from each filter aid, all five metals are observed to be below the standard value, it is observed that the general landfill is possible. Therefore, safety of fly ash is indirectly proved from this.
이상과 같은 실험결과에서 석탄비산재와 슬러지비산재의 물성과 안전성면에서 규조토의 대체물질로 사용가능함을 증명하였다.The above experimental results proved that it can be used as a substitute for diatomaceous earth in terms of physical properties and safety of coal fly ash and sludge fly ash.
실시예 5 : 벨트여과기 적용을 위한 부크너 펀넬실험Example 5 Buchner Funnel Experiment for Belt Filter Application
한편 벨트여과기에 여과조제를 압축탈수에 들어가기 이전의 벨트 여과포에 살포하여 탈수능을 향상시키고 탈수여액의 성상을 향상시킬수 있다. 이 경우의 효과를 확인하기 위해서 화학적 개량약품을 주입하지 않은 하수처리장 슬러지를 사용하여 부크너펀넬실험을 행하여 탈수속도와 탈리액의 성상을 조사하였다. 벨트여과기의 여과포에는 여과조제가 얇게 살포되므로 Watman NO.2 여지에 비산재를 0.1-0.3 mm로 얇게 피복하여 실험을 행하였다.Meanwhile, the filter aid may be sprayed onto the belt filter cloth prior to the compression dewatering in the belt filter to improve the dewatering ability and improve the properties of the dewatering filtrate. In order to confirm the effect in this case, a Buchner funnel experiment was conducted using sludge treatment plant sludge without chemically modified chemicals to investigate the dehydration rate and the characteristics of the desorption solution. The filter cloth of the belt filter was sprayed thinly so that the experiment was conducted by thinly coating the fly ash with 0.1-0.3 mm on the Watman NO.
실험결과 비산재 피복을 하지 않은 경우보다 비산재를 피복하여 탈수실험한 것이 탈수속도가 높고 탈리액의 암모니아농도도 감소하였음을 알 수 있다. 벨트여과기에서는 일반적으로 화학약품에 의한 개량이 탈수 공정의 증대를 위하여 사용되고 있다. 그러나 본 발명에 의해 화학약품에 의한 개량과정을 거치지 않고도 탈수효율의 증대를 가져올 수 있음을 알 수 있다.As a result of the experiment, the dehydration test was carried out by coating the fly ash than without the fly ash coating. In belt filters, chemical improvement is generally used to increase the dehydration process. However, it can be seen that the present invention can bring about an increase in dehydration efficiency without undergoing an improvement process by chemicals.
본 발명에 의해 비산재를 규조토의 대체물질로 사용할 수 있게 함으로서 회전감압조제피복여과기에 사용되는 소모품인 여과조제를 싼 가격에 공급할 수 있음으로 인해 회전감압조제피복여과기의 운전비용을 떨어뜨려 회전감압조제피복여과기의 범용화에 기여한다.According to the present invention, by allowing fly ash to be used as a substitute for diatomaceous earth, the filter aid, which is a consumable used in the rotary pressure reducing aid coating filter, can be supplied at a low price. It contributes to the generalization of the coated filter.
또한 본 발명에 의한 벨트여과기의 여과포위에 여과조제를 살포하는 방법에 의해서는 벨트여과기의 슬러지 탈수능을 향상시켜 응집제의 사용량을 줄일 수 있다. 뿐만 아니라 탈수여액의 성상이 코팅하지 않았을 때와 비교할 때 청정도가 향상되고 탈수된 슬러지케이크가 여과포에서 탈리된 후 여과포의 오염도가 줄어들므로 여과포세척을 위한 살포수의 량이 줄어든다. 따라서 반송유량이 줄어들어 하수처리장의 유입부하량을 줄이는 효과를 가져온다.In addition, the method of spraying the filter aid on the filter bag of the belt filter according to the present invention can improve the sludge dewatering capacity of the belt filter to reduce the amount of flocculant used. In addition, the cleanliness of the dewatering liquid is improved compared to the case without coating, and the dewatering sludge cake is desorbed from the filter cloth, thus reducing the contamination of the filter cloth. Therefore, the return flow rate is reduced, thereby reducing the inflow load of the sewage treatment plant.
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Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPH01228516A (en) * | 1988-03-07 | 1989-09-12 | Hitachi Ltd | Treatment of sludge and apparatus therefor |
| JPH01249115A (en) * | 1988-03-30 | 1989-10-04 | Takuo Mochizuki | Dehydration treatment device |
| JPH0271808A (en) * | 1988-09-05 | 1990-03-12 | Takuo Mochizuki | Filtering device for fluid and its filtration method |
| JPH09173721A (en) * | 1995-12-26 | 1997-07-08 | Shibuya Kogyo Co Ltd | Waste liquid treating system having filtration dehydrating machine |
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Patent Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPH01228516A (en) * | 1988-03-07 | 1989-09-12 | Hitachi Ltd | Treatment of sludge and apparatus therefor |
| JPH01249115A (en) * | 1988-03-30 | 1989-10-04 | Takuo Mochizuki | Dehydration treatment device |
| JPH0271808A (en) * | 1988-09-05 | 1990-03-12 | Takuo Mochizuki | Filtering device for fluid and its filtration method |
| JPH09173721A (en) * | 1995-12-26 | 1997-07-08 | Shibuya Kogyo Co Ltd | Waste liquid treating system having filtration dehydrating machine |
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