KR100340496B1 - Self-fire extinguishing process for red hot cokes - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE: A process for self-fire extinguishing red hot cokes entered into furnace and/or sintering chamber is provided by simply and automatically setting up time for spraying water for the hot cokes. CONSTITUTION: The process comprises steps of setting up water spraying time and desired water content of hot cokes to be managed; analyzing contents of water and volatile material of the entered material pre-entered; measuring temperature of wall of carbonization chamber; calculating temperatures of burners in the chamber by using a specific equation; calculating mean temperature of hot cokes by using the calculated temperatures of burners and another specific equation; determining a final time for spraying water by compensating pre-estimated time for water spray after calculating the pre-estimated time with another specific equation; spraying water to the red hot cokes for the final time period determined above; and spraying water to next entered soft coil.

Description

Automatic fire extinguishing method of red coke

The present invention relates to a method for extinguishing coke, which is charged to a blast furnace or sintering machine in a steel mill, and more particularly, to an automatic fire extinguishing method of hot coke.

Coke, used as a heat source in steel mill blast furnace operations or sintering operations, is manufactured in a coke oven of a coke plant. Referring to the manufacturing process of the coke through the manufacturing apparatus as shown in Figures 1 to 3 as follows. 1 is a plan view of a series of coke manufacturing apparatus 1 including a coke oven 10 and a fire extinguishing device 50 for producing coke. 2 is a cross-sectional view taken along line A-A 'of FIG. 1, and FIG. 3 shows a schematic diagram of a device for extinguishing red coke. First, when bituminous coal is mined from a coal bin 62 in which bituminous coal for manufacturing the coke 2 is temporarily stored and charged into a charge car 60, the charging vehicle 60 is made of Cocos. It is transferred into each carbonization chamber 11 through a plurality of charging holes 61 provided on each carbonization chamber 11 of the coke oven while being transported along a rail 6 provided on the oven 10. The coal briquettes charged in the carbonization chamber 11 are heated by heat generated from a burner 14 of the combustion chamber 13 installed at both sides of the carbonization chamber. In the case of the carbonization chamber, depending on the coke manufacturing apparatus, about 66 pieces are usually installed in the coke oven, and about 67 pieces are installed in the combustion chamber. Incidentally, four charging openings 61 on the carbonization chamber are usually installed in each carbonization chamber, and are always closed except at the time of charging. In addition, at least 34 burners are provided in each combustion chamber. The bituminous coal heated in the carbonization chamber 11 is heated in the state where air is cut off, and the coke 2 is produced by a carbonization reaction. At this time, the volatiles and decomposition products generated after carbonization are discharged through the rising pipe 12 installed on each carbonization chamber 11, and the discharged gas is supplied to and used in the gas purification process. In order to manufacture the appropriate coke, the temperature of the furnace wall is continuously measured by a plurality of pyrometers 22 on the extrusion table 21, and the coke is maintained in the carbonization chamber for a certain time. The coke produced by heating at about 1000 ° C. or more for a predetermined time is extruded by a pusher car 20 equipped with a pusher ram 21 as shown in FIG. 2 to coke oven 10. It is discharged to the quenching car (40) installed on the side of, the coke loaded in the fire truck (40) is the fire extinguisher is moved to the quenching tower (50) along the rail (3) after the fire extinguishing The water sprayed in the tower 50 is extinguished by a predetermined temperature or less. At this time, in order to ensure that the coke is correctly discharged into the fire truck 40 during the discharge of the coke (transfer car) 30 to induce the discharge of the coke correctly. The conveyance bogie is configured to be arbitrarily moved to each carbonization chamber 11 by a rail 4.

In case of inadequate extinguishing in the process of extinguishing red coke during the coke manufacturing process as described above, there is a risk of fire. In particular, the coke is used as a fuel in the blast furnace or sintering operation, which is the next process, it is very important to properly manage the moisture of the coke. By the way, since the digestion is usually made by sprinkling water on the coke in the digestive tower, it is no exaggeration to say that the amount of water in the coke is dependent on the watering time. However, in the conventional sprinkling method for the red coke, as shown in Fig. 3, the sprinkling water flowing in from the digestive water tank 51 is set by the operator 53 as necessary to the sprinkling time, the sprinkling control valve 54 It was determined by operating. However, it is difficult to manage the water in the coke to a certain target value as the worker manually determines the watering time while looking at the operating condition of the coke oven and the extinguishing state after the digestion.

Therefore, the present invention is to provide an automatic wet fire extinguishing method that can automatically manage the moisture of the red coke by eliminating the occurrence of residual coke coke by setting the watering time automatically according to the state of the red coke during the manufacture of coke. The purpose is.

1 is a plan view of a general coke manufacturing apparatus

FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view taken along the line A-A 'of FIG.

Figure 3 is a schematic configuration diagram of a fire extinguishing device of the general coke production apparatus

4 is a flow chart showing a process of extinguishing a red coke according to the present invention.

Explanation of symbols on the main parts of the drawings

1 ..... coke making equipment 10 ..... coke oven

11 ... carbonization chamber 13 ..... combustion chamber

14 ..... burner 20 ..... extruder

30 ..... transport truck 40 ..... fire truck

50 ..... fire hydrant tower 60 ..... coke storage tank

The present invention for achieving the above object is a step of carbonizing bituminous coal at regular cycles and carbonized into coke; Discharging carbonized red coke; In the method for producing a coke comprising a; and the step of extinguishing the discharged red coke at a constant temperature,

Setting a sprinkling time of coke coke loaded and glowing for the first time, and setting a target moisture amount γ _O of the coke to be managed during operation; Analyzing the moisture (γ) and volatile matter (v) of the bituminous coal previously charged; Measuring the carbonization chamber furnace wall temperature Tf in which the charged bituminous coal is present with a temperature gauge attached to an extruder of the carbonization chamber; Calculating the temperature (Ti) for each burner position of the carbonization chamber in which the bituminous coal is present by substituting the measured moisture in the coal and the furnace wall temperature in the carbonization chamber into Equation (1);

Ti = Tf -α x (ts) / (ta) -β x {γ- (γs)} ..... (1)

Where α is the drying time coefficient of the bituminous coal

ts is the standard drying time (in seconds) of bituminous coal

ta is the actual dry time (in seconds) of the bituminous coal charged

β is moisture coefficient of bituminous coal

γs is the standard water content (%) of bituminous coal

Calculating the average temperature (Tm) of the extruded red coke by substituting the calculated temperature (Ti) for each burner position of the carbonization chamber into equation (2);

However, Li is the width inside the carbonization chamber corresponding to the i-th burner

n is the number of burners

Calculating the total heat amount (Hc) of the glowing coke by substituting the calculated average temperature (Tm) of the glowing coke into the equation (3);

Hc = Tm × C × W × (1-v) ........ Equation (3)

Where C is the specific heat of coke

W is the amount of charged bituminous coal

If the coke coke is initially charged coke, the final sprinkling time is set to the initial sprinkling time (to); If the coking coke is not initially loaded coking coke, the predicted sprinkling time (t ') for the current coking coke is calculated by Equation (4),

t '= (t _N-1 ) × (Hc _N ) / (Hc _N-1 ) ......... (4)

Where t _N-1 is the watering time for the (N-1) th red coke

Hc _N-1 is the total calorific value of the (N-1) th glowing coke

Hc _N is the total calorific value of the Nth glowing coke

Correcting the predicted sprinkling time for the current glowing coke by equation (5) to determine a final sprinkling time (t) for the current glowing coke;

t = t '+ γm × {γ _O- (γp _N-1 )} ........ Formula (5)

Where γm is the moisture management coefficient

Sprinkling water in the coke for the final sprinkling time (t) as described above; And

Measuring the moisture of the sprinkled coke, and then sprinkling the red coke by setting the sprinkling time as described above for the charged briquettes; It relates to an automatic fire extinguishing method of the glowing coke characterized in that it comprises a.

EMBODIMENT OF THE INVENTION Hereinafter, this invention is demonstrated in detail.

First, the coke production method according to the present invention uses a coke production apparatus in which a process computer (not shown) is connected to a conventional coke production apparatus 1 as shown in Figs. Coke in such a coke manufacturing apparatus, as in the usual manufacturing method, first by charging the coal in a constant cycle, carbonized into coke, discharge the carbonized red coke, and then through the process of extinguishing the discharged red coke to a certain temperature. Are manufactured. At this time, the extinguishing of the red coke discharged from the coke oven is largely dependent on the sprinkling time for the red coke, and the sprinkling time mainly depends on the temperature (T) and the total heat amount (H) by the charging amount (W) of the red coke. do. The present invention is characterized in that it automatically set the proper watering time. 4 is a flowchart illustrating a process of extinguishing a red coke according to the present invention.

In the extinguishing method of the present invention, as shown in FIG. 4, it is required to first set the spraying time of the first charged and glowing coke, and to set the target moisture content γ _O of the coke to be managed during operation. . Usually, it is appropriate to manage the water content in the hot water sprinkled coke to be about 4%. And it is necessary to analyze the water (gamma) and volatile matter (v) of the bituminous coal charged previously. Moisture and volatilization of bituminous coal are data that can be obtained through general industrial analysis.

Then, the furnace wall temperature Tf in the carbonization chamber in which the bituminous coal loaded as described above is measured by a temperature measuring instrument 22 attached to the extruder of the carbonization chamber, and based on this, the temperature of burner position Ti in the carbonization chamber is based on this. Obtain In other words, the furnace wall temperature (Tf) in the carbonization chamber varies in temperature depending on the burners in the combustion chambers provided at both sides of the carbonization chamber, and the total coking time until the coal is carbonized and extruded and the moisture content of the coal. There is a slight difference from the temperature of the coke being extruded because it depends. Therefore, in the case of various manufacturing processes, the temperature Ti in the burner location-specific carbonization chamber is obtained by using the heat transfer equation in consideration of the following factors.

Ti = Tf -α x (ts) / (ta) -β x {γ- (γs)} ..... (1)

Here, ts means the dry carbonization time of bituminous coal, which is already theoretically calculated and set by the coke production plan. In addition, α is the drying time coefficient of the bituminous coal charged, which is used for the drying time and temperature estimation of the bituminous coal, it has a value of about 38 ~ 43. In addition, ta means the actual drying time of the bituminous coal charged. In addition, β is a moisture coefficient of the bituminous coal charged, and a value of about 3 to 8 is applied depending on the bituminous coal and the drying time. Γ s is a value set to the standard moisture value (%) of the bituminous coal charged.

However, since the temperature Ti of each burner position of the carbonization chamber does not represent the temperature of the entire coke in the carbonization chamber, it is necessary to obtain the total average temperature Tm of the carbonization chamber in consideration of the temperature of each burner. In particular, the inside of the carbonization chamber is wider from the extrusion side to the discharge side in order to facilitate the extruding of the coke. Since the burner flue in the combustion chamber is also different, the overall average temperature in the carbonization chamber considering the width of the carbonization chamber is need. In the present invention, the average temperature (Tm) of the red coke extruded using the Crank-Nicolson numerical analysis was calculated in consideration of the size of the carbonization chamber as shown in Equation (2).

Li represents the width inside the carbonization chamber corresponding to the i-th burner, and n is the number of burners in the combustion chamber.

On the other hand, the amount of water to extinguish the red coke depends on the total heat amount (H) of the extruded red coke, the total heat amount of the red coke depends on the amount and temperature of the extruded coke. Therefore, the total heat amount of the red coke can be calculated | required from the average temperature of the red coke calculated | required from said Formula (2), and the quantity of extruded coke. That is, the total amount of heat Hc of the coke may be expressed as follows.

Hc = Tm × C × W × (1-v) ........ Equation (3)

In Equation (3), C is a specific heat of coke according to temperature, and a value of 0.37 to 0.45 is usually applied. W is the amount of charged bituminous coal, minus the amount volatilized by the carbonization reaction at high temperature. Volatiles of coke can be obtained by industrial analysis, usually in the range of 0.24 to 0.80. As a result, Equation (3) calculates the total calorific value in consideration of the specific heat of the average temperature in the amount of the bituminous coal minus the volatilized amount.

In this way, the predicted sprinkling time t 'for the glowing coke is determined from the obtained total heat of the glowing coke. However, since the watering time depends on many factors, it is impossible to calculate the watering time from the calories calculated directly from Equation (3). That is, a method of comparing the heat quantity and the watering time obtained in the previous step at the time of being extruded and moving to the digestion tower is appropriate. However, if the coke coke is initially charged, the final sprinkling time sets the sprinkling time to set at the initial stage as the final sprinkling time.

On the other hand, if the coking coke is not initially loaded coke coke to calculate the predicted sprinkling time (t ') for the current coke coke by the following equation (4). That is, in the present invention, the predicted sprinkling time can be determined by comparing the total amount of heat sprayed to the present time.

t '= (t _N-1 ) × (Hc _N ) / (Hc _N-1 ) ......... (4)

Where t _N-1 is the watering time for the (N-1) th red coke

Hc _N-1 is the total calorific value of the (N-1) th glowing coke

Hc _N is the total calorific value of the Nth glowing coke

And, if the current coke is not initially loaded coke coke first obtain the predicted sprinkling time (t ') by the above equation (4), and the target coke water (γ) and the target coke in consideration of the water content of the coke analyzed in the previous step and By comparing the results, you can finally set the watering time (t) accurately. That is, the final sprinkling time (t) for the current coke is obtained by correcting the predicted sprinkling time for the current coke in consideration of the moisture content of the coke as follows.

t = t '+ γm × {γ _O- (γp _N-1 )} ........ Formula (5)

Where γm is the moisture management coefficient

Therefore, the fire extinguishing of the red coke according to the present invention can be sprayed with water to the current red coke for the final water spraying time (t) determined as described above by the process computer. In the case of the present invention, after the initial charging time of the glowing coke in the initial sprinkling time, the water of the sprinkled coke is measured, and then the watering time is determined by repeating the above process for the next charged briquettes to determine the sprinkling time. By instructing the watering time, the red coke can be sprayed properly while maintaining the target moisture automatically. Coke digested in this way is usually maintained below about 100 ℃ to be used as a heat source of steel mills.

As described above, the present invention provides an automatic wet fire extinguishing method for automatically setting the sprinkling time according to the state of the red coke, so that the water content of the coke after digestion is high or low due to the existing sprinkler setting the sprinkling time. It is possible to prevent the occurrence of fire due to excessive micronization, and furthermore, it is effective to automate all the fire extinguishing processes in a simple manner.

Claims (7)

Charging bituminous coal at regular intervals and carbonizing it with coke; Discharging carbonized red coke; In the method for producing a coke comprising a; and the step of extinguishing the discharged red coke at a constant temperature, Setting a sprinkling time of coke coke loaded and glowing for the first time, and setting a target moisture amount γ _O of the coke to be managed during operation; Analyzing the moisture (γ) and volatile matter (v) of the bituminous coal previously charged; Measuring the carbonization chamber furnace wall temperature Tf in which the charged bituminous coal is present with a temperature gauge attached to an extruder of the carbonization chamber; Calculating the temperature (Ti) for each burner position of the carbonization chamber in which the bituminous coal is present by substituting the measured moisture in the coal and the furnace wall temperature in the carbonization chamber into Equation (1); (Ti) = (Tf) -α × (ts) / (ta) -β × {(γ)-(γs)} ..... (1) Where α is the drying time coefficient of the bituminous coal ts is the standard drying time (in seconds) of bituminous coal ta is the actual dry time (in seconds) of the bituminous coal charged β is moisture coefficient of bituminous coal γs is the standard water content (%) of bituminous coal Calculating the average temperature (Tm) of the extruded red coke by substituting the calculated temperature (Ti) for each burner position of the carbonization chamber into equation (2);

However, Li is the width inside the carbonization chamber corresponding to the i-th burner n is the number of burners Calculating the total heat amount (Hc) of the glowing coke by substituting the calculated average temperature (Tm) of the glowing coke into the equation (3); (Hc) = (Tm) x C x W x {1- (v)} ... (3) Where C is the specific heat of coke W is the amount of charged bituminous coal If the coke coke is initially charged coke, the final sprinkling time is set to the initial sprinkling time (to); If the coking coke is not initially loaded coking coke, the predicted sprinkling time (t ') for the current coking coke is calculated by Equation (4), t '= (t _N-1 ) × (Hc _N ) / (Hc _N-1 ) ......... (4) Where t _N-1 is the watering time for the (N-1) th red coke Hc _N-1 is the total calorific value of the (N-1) th glowing coke Hc _N is the total calorific value of the Nth glowing coke Correcting the predicted sprinkling time for the current glowing coke by equation (5) to determine a final sprinkling time (t) for the current glowing coke; t = t '+ γm × {γ _O- (γp _N-1 )} ........ Formula (5) Where γm is the moisture management coefficient Sprinkling water in the coke for the final sprinkling time (t) as described above; And Measuring the moisture of the sprinkled coke, and then sprinkling the red coke by setting the sprinkling time as described above for the charged briquettes; Automatic fire extinguishing method of glowing coke, characterized in that configured to include The method of claim 1, wherein the volatilization (v) of the bituminous coal is 0.24 to 0.80%, the distillation time coefficient (α) is 38 to 43, and the standard moisture value (γs) of the bituminous coal is 8%. The automatic fire extinguishing method as claimed in claim 1, wherein the number of burners n in the formula (2) is 34. 2. The automatic fire extinguishing method as claimed in claim 1, wherein the width Li of the inside of the carbonization chamber at the i-th burner is represented by 412 + 2.23529i. 2. The automatic fire extinguishing method according to claim 1, wherein the specific heat (C) of the red coke in Equation (3) is in the range of 0.37-0.45. The automatic fire extinguishing method according to claim 1, wherein the moisture management coefficient (γ m) in the formula (5) is in the range of 0.4 to 0.6. The automatic fire extinguishing method according to claim 1, wherein the target management moisture value γ _O of the glowing coke during the operation is set at 4%.

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