KR100340344B1 - The combustion accelerant of heavy oils and its preparation method, and the auto-injection method utilizing that - Google Patents

Abstract

In the present invention, water is diluted in an anionic surfactant at a volume ratio of 1: 1 to 3: 1, and sodium hydroxide is added until the pH is 12 to 13, and an antifoaming agent is added at a volume ratio of all components to suppress excessive foaming. Fuel is produced by injecting a heavy oil combustion accelerator by injecting 1/1000 to 1/5000 and then directly injecting the oil into a boiler or heating furnace where heavy oil is combusted (hereinafter referred to as a boiler). The present invention relates to a heavy oil combustion accelerator, a method for preparing the same, and an automatic injection method for using the same, to obtain a saving effect and an effect of reducing an air pollutant.

Description

The combustion accelerant of heavy oils and its preparation method, and the auto-injection method utilizing that}

The present invention relates to a heavy oil combustion promoter, a method for preparing the same, and an automatic injection method for using the same, and more specifically, to anionic surfactant, water is diluted in a volume ratio of 1: 1 to 3: 1, and sodium hydroxide has a pH. It is added until 12 to 13, and in order to suppress excessive foaming, the antifoaming agent is mixed with 1/1000 to 1/5000 in the volume ratio of all ingredients to prepare a heavy oil combustion accelerator, and a boiler or heating furnace where heavy oil is burned. A heavy oil combustion accelerator and a method of manufacturing the same and using the same to inject fuel oil directly into a transporting line where heavy oil is transferred (hereinafter referred to as a "boiler") so as to obtain a fuel saving effect and an air pollutant emission reduction effect. It relates to an automatic injection method for.

Since the 1970s, with the development of various industries, energy consumption has increased exponentially, and environmental problems caused by industrial activities have been highlighted.

In particular, the domestic energy consumption in 1997 was 177 million TOE, corresponding to 3.85 TOE / year per capita, of which the oil dependence exceeds 60%.

Therefore, in order to cope with the seriousness of the above-mentioned energy problems, the energy rationalization policy is promoting comprehensive technology development such as saving energy, expanding group energy supply, funding for energy saving facilities, and developing energy resource technology. In order to cope with the environmental pollution caused by this, we are promoting the development of high-tech technologies from various angles.

In particular, many studies have been conducted to reduce fuel consumption of heavy oil used for industrial boilers, furnaces, etc. and to reduce harmful gas by heavy oil combustion for the purpose of fuel conservation and environmental conservation.

For example, in Korean Patent Publication No. 95-1407, 'Condensate of high alcohol fatty acid ester (A), higher alcohol fatty acid ester and polyoxyethylene (B) is mixed at a volume ratio of 2: 1, and the HLB value is 3 After adjusting to -4, water (C) was added 1,000-2,000 times by volume ratio, and it stirred at the temperature of 70-80 degreeC, and added 1 / 10,000 polyvinyl alcohol by volume ratio with respect to the said mixed liquid, and a nonionic interface The active agent is prepared, and heavy oil, waste oil from which impurities are removed, and the surfactant are added to a predetermined reaction tank in a mixing ratio of 60: 20: 20 by volume and stirred at 3,400 to 3,800 rpm for 30 seconds to 5 minutes at 75 ± 5 ° C. Method for producing an emulsion fuel using waste oil.

However, as shown in FIG. 4, in order to prevent oil-water separation that may occur in a stagnant space (heavy oil main tank 101 or service tank 105), a material combined with chemical combinations of heavy oil and water having different properties may be used. Grafting of a technique that physically resolves so that it can be transported to the point of combustion without being separated under any conditions is necessary. In the above method, a hot water supply tank 104 with a heater as well as a stirring tank 102 with a heater are provided. And inefficient or cumbersome methods such as chemical tank (1033), power or steam must be used for agitation and heating, and a lot of services must be provided, resulting in lack of economic feasibility due to problems such as securing space and complementary work. It has the disadvantage of being unrealistic, and the effect of saving fuel and reducing air pollutants is not satisfactory. It was.

Accordingly, it is an object of the present invention to provide a heavy oil combustion accelerator having excellent fuel saving and air pollutant emission reduction effects.

Another object of the present invention is to provide a method for producing a heavy oil combustion promoter of the above object easily and at low cost.

Still another object of the present invention is to provide a method for automatically injecting a heavy oil combustion promoter which prevents oil-water separation by directly injecting the heavy oil combustion promoter prepared according to the above objects into a heavy oil transfer line.

In order to achieve the above-mentioned objects as well as other objects that can be easily expressed, in the present invention, water is diluted to 1: 1 in a volume ratio of 1: 1 to 3: 1 in anionic surfactant and sodium hydroxide has a pH of 12-13. In order to suppress excessive foaming, antifoaming agent is mixed with 1/1000 to 1/5000 by volume ratio of the total ingredients to prepare a heavy oil combustion accelerator, and to the oil supply line where heavy oil is transferred to a boiler in which heavy oil is combusted. By direct injection, combustion was performed without oil separation, resulting in fuel savings and reduction of air pollutants.

1 is a schematic diagram of a heavy oil combustion accelerator automatic injection device according to the present invention,

2 is a graph showing the CO emission concentration according to the heavy oil combustion accelerator injection amount according to the present invention,

3 is a graph showing the CO ₂ emission concentration according to the heavy oil combustion accelerator injection amount according to the present invention,

4 is a graph showing SO ₂ emission concentration according to the amount of heavy oil combustion accelerator injection according to the present invention,

5 is a graph showing the NO emission concentration according to the injection amount of heavy oil combustion accelerator according to the present invention,

6 is a graph showing the soot emission concentration according to the heavy oil combustion accelerator injection amount according to the present invention,

7 is a system diagram of a conventional heavy oil combustion accelerator automatic injection device.

<Explanation of symbols for the main parts of the drawings>

1. Heavy oil tank 2. Preheater

3. Heavy oil combustion promoter tank 4. Compressor

5. Blower 6. Heavy oil transfer pump

7. Heavy oil combustion promoter transfer pump

9, 10, 11, 12. Valve 13. Butterfly Valve

14. Air flow meter 15, 16. Pressure gauge

17. Heavy oil feed pipe 18. Heavy oil feed promoter

19. Transfer pipe of atomizing air and heavy oil combustion promoter mixture

20. Blower 21. Boiler

22. Nozzle

Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in more detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

The heavy oil combustion promoter according to the present invention is an antifoaming agent for a mixture (B) in which sodium hydroxide is added so that the pH of the mixture (A) in which the anionic surfactant and water are mixed in a volume ratio of 1: 1 to 3: 1 is 12 to 13. It is characterized in that the added 1/1000 to 1/5000 by volume ratio.

In addition, the method for producing a heavy oil combustion accelerator according to the present invention is diluted with water in a volume ratio of 1: 1 to 3: 1 in anionic surfactant, and sodium hydroxide is added until the pH is 12 to 13, and excessive foaming is generated. In order to suppress, it is characterized by stirring antifoaming agent by adding 1 / 1000-1 / 5000 by volume ratio of the whole component.

In addition, the heavy oil combustion accelerator automatic injection method of the present invention is diluted heavy oil transferred from the heavy oil combustion promoter tank 3 to the nozzle 22 of the boiler 21 connected to the heavy oil tank 1 and the heavy oil transfer pipe 17. It is characterized by injecting a mixture of the combustion promoter and the sprayed air compressed in the compressor (4).

In order to prevent oil-separation phenomenon, which is a problem that must be solved in order to use auxiliary fuels, that is, emulsion fuels using water, surfactants are mainly used as surfactants, and surfactants are used to atomize heavy oil molecules. Promotes complete combustion.

In particular, the anionic surfactant used in the present invention has an effect of reducing the amount of air pollutant emissions compared to the nonionic surfactant used in the conventional heavy oil combustion promoter.

Anionic surfactants that can be used in the present invention include higher alcohol sulfate ester salts, alkylarylsulfonate salts, alkyl sulfate salts, quaternary ammonium salts, alkylbenzenesulfonate sodium, diethanolamine, petroleum sulfonic acid soda, naphthenate, fatty acids Any anionic surfactant commonly used in the art, such as an amide polyhydric alcohol fatty acid, can be used.

However, as in the related art, simply adding a surfactant does not solve the oil and water separation phenomenon.

That is, in the present invention, it was confirmed through repeated experiments that the heavy oil and water are bound most quickly and completely at pH 12.5, and sodium hydroxide was added as an auxiliary material until pH 12-13 to become strong alkaline.

In the present invention, the sodium hydroxide is adjusted to be strong alkalinity, but may be used in place of the strong alkaline materials commonly used in the art.

In addition, as a surfactant or other substances by themselves, it is not a complete flame retardant by itself, so an auxiliary device is necessary to expect a fuel reduction using water and a reduction of environmental pollutant emissions, and an auxiliary device and a flame retardant are not combined. It can't make sense.

In other words, in order to burn water together with heavy oil, it is necessary to combine the chemical treatment with the coagulant and the physical treatment, which is an auxiliary device that transfers them undivided up to the point of combustion.

Therefore, in the present invention, an anionic surfactant is strongly alkalinized and used as a coagulant, but sprayed at an accurate ratio with respect to heavy oil, and oxygen, hydrogen, hydroxyl groups, and air bubbles by the surfactant are dispersed in heavy oil and cause a microexplosion upon combustion, thereby completely burning. Accelerated.

In the preparation of the heavy oil combustion accelerator according to the present invention, water is diluted in a volume ratio of 1: 1 to 3: 1 in anionic surfactant, and sodium hydroxide is added until the pH is 12 to 13, in order to suppress excessive foaming. The antifoaming agent is prepared by adding 1/1000 to 1/5000 in a volume ratio of the total components and stirring. The antifoaming agent mainly uses silicone oil. However, the antifoaming agent is not particularly limited and inhibits the efficacy of the heavy oil combustion promoter of the present invention. If you don't, any defoamer can be used.

The heavy oil combustion accelerator prepared as described above is a diluted heavy oil combustion accelerator transferred from the heavy oil combustion promoter tank 3 to the nozzle 22 of the boiler 21 connected to the heavy oil tank 1 and the heavy oil transfer pipe 17. The sprayed air compressed by the compressor 4 is sprayed and injected.

That is, the injection of the heavy oil combustion promoter according to the present invention is carried out by the heavy oil transfer pump 6 from the heavy oil tank 1 and the heavy oil preheated by the preheater 2 is transferred to the boiler 21 through the heavy oil transfer pipe 17. The dilution heavy oil combustion accelerator stored in the heavy oil combustion promoter tank 3 at the same time as being transferred to the nozzle 22 is compressed by the compressor 4 while being transported through the heavy oil combustion promoter delivery pipe 18 by the heavy oil combustion promoter delivery pump 7. Mixed with the sprayed air and injected into the nozzle 22 through the sprayed air and the heavy oil combustion promoter mixture conveying pipe 19 to be spray mixed with the heavy oil and burned by a burner (not shown).

At this time, the air generated from the blower (5) for complete combustion is introduced into the boiler (21) through the blower pipe (20) equipped with the butterfly valve (13) and the air flow meter (14).

In the heavy oil combustion promoter injection device of the present invention, a pressure gauge 15 for measuring the amount of heavy oil introduced into the boiler 21 and a valve 9 for adjusting the amount of heavy oil are mounted in the heavy oil feed pipe 17. In addition, a valve 10 for adjusting the injection amount of the combustion promoter is installed in the heavy oil combustion promoter delivery pipe 18, and a valve 11 for adjusting the amount of sprayed air from the compressor 4 is also installed. A pressure gauge 16 for detecting the amount of the mixture of the combustion promoter and the sprayed air and a valve 12 for adjusting the amount thereof are installed in the sprayed air and the heavy oil combustion promoter mussel conveying pipe 19.

The valves 9, 10, 11, 12 can be adjusted automatically, such a configuration can be easily inferred by those skilled in the art.

The water used in the present invention may use the cleanest water among the water used in the field irrespective of cold water or hot water.

The heavy oil combustion accelerator is preferably diluted with water by 20 to 50 times, and when the dilution rate is less than 20 times, the amount of heavy oil combustion accelerator is increased, resulting in high cost and relatively low fuel saving effect. If the amount exceeds twice, the effect of reducing the emission of pollutants is lowered.

In addition, the ratio of water to heavy oil and the combustion accelerator of the present invention was most effective in terms of fuel saving and pollutant emission reduction ratio of 2000: 30: 1.

In particular, when the amount of heavy oil exceeded 2500 or more in the above ratio, the fuel saving rate or air pollutant emission reduction rate was significantly reduced. Increasing economical decline.

In addition, if the use ratio of water is less than 20, the fuel saving rate or the air pollution emission reduction rate is lowered. If the ratio exceeds 50, the incomplete combustion problem is not serious in the continuous operation of the heavy oil combustion facility. There is a problem that may cause a poor ignition phenomenon that does not ignite well at the time of ignition after.

In addition, when the amount of the heavy oil combustion promoter is reduced, the affinity between heavy oil and water is lowered, and when the amount of the heavy oil is increased, it is not economically desirable.

The following Examples and Experimental Examples illustrate the present invention in more detail, but do not limit the scope of the invention.

Example 1

Dilute water to volumetric ratio 1: 2 with anionic surfactant (lauryl sulfur ester salt) and add sodium hydroxide until pH 12.5, and add antifoaming agent (silicone oil) to total volume of components to suppress excessive foaming. The heavy oil combustion promoter of the present invention was prepared by stirring with a 1/2000 furnace.

Experimental Example 1

In the apparatus as shown in FIG. 1, the ratio of the combustion promoter prepared in Example 1 to water and bunker C oil is 1; The amount of pollutants emitted and burned bunker C oil was investigated at 30: 2000.

In other words, the combustion chamber was designed to have a heat load of 20 × 10 ⁴ kcal / (㎥ · hr), and a water pipe was installed inside the combustion chamber to adjust the temperature of the combustion chamber. The temperature around the combustion chamber affected the temperature inside the combustion chamber. This could affect the combustion, so the outer wall of the combustion chamber was wrapped with insulation to minimize the effects of external temperature.

The exhaust gas was measured using Green Line MKZ, and the soot was measured using NAPP model 31.

The amount of air pollutant emissions emitted is measured and shown in FIGS. 2 to 6.

Experimental Examples 2-3

Except that the use ratio of bunker C oil was 1500 and 2500, the experiment was conducted in the same manner as in Experiment 1 and the results are shown in Figs.

As can be seen from Figures 2 to 6 in the present invention it was confirmed that the direct fuel saving effect alone is 8 to 10% or more, pollution emissions are significantly reduced, and some soot part shows 80% removal rate. It was confirmed that even graphite and white lead at the outlet were reduced by 40 to 50%.

As described above, in the present invention, water is diluted with an anionic surfactant at a volume ratio of 1: 1 to 3: 1, and sodium hydroxide is added until the pH is 12 to 13, and an antifoaming agent is used to suppress excessive foaming. By adding 1/1000 to 1/5000 in volume ratio of the components, the heavy oil combustion accelerator is prepared by injecting and stirring directly into the oil supply line where heavy oil is transferred to the boiler where the heavy oil is combusted. As a result, the fuel saving effect and the air pollutant emission reduction effect were obtained.

Claims (5)

Defoamer is 1/1000-1 in volume ratio with respect to the mixture (B) which added sodium hydroxide so that pH of the mixture (A) mixed with anionic surfactant and water in 1: 1 by volume 1-3 may be 12-13. Heavy oil combustion promoter, characterized in that added / 5000. To the anionic surfactant, dilute water in a volume ratio of 1: 1 to 3: 1, add sodium hydroxide until the pH reaches 12 to 13, and add an antifoaming agent in an amount of 1/1000 in the volume ratio of all components to suppress excessive foaming. A method for producing a heavy oil combustion accelerator, characterized in that the mixture is added with stirring to 1/5000. Diluted heavy oil combustion promoter transferred from heavy oil combustion promoter tank 3 to nozzle 22 of boiler 21 connected by heavy oil tank 1 and heavy oil conveying pipe 17 and sprayed air compressed in compressor 4 The injection method of the heavy oil combustion promoter, characterized in that the spray is injected by mixing. The method of claim 3, wherein the dilution ratio of the heavy oil combustion promoter is 20 to 50 times. The method of claim 3, wherein the ratio of heavy oil: water: heavy oil combustion promoter is 2000: 30: 1.