KR100335403B1 - Device for increase of heating efficiency and hot-water supply for an absorption air conditioner - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention relates to an increase in heating and a hot water supply apparatus of an absorption type air conditioner, comprising: a regenerator for vaporizing a part of the absorption liquid by heating the absorption liquid with a heating means; A condenser for cooling and liquefying the vaporized refrigerant generated in the regenerator; An evaporator for evaporating the liquefied refrigerant condensed in the condenser at low pressure; An absorber for absorbing the vaporized refrigerant evaporated in the evaporator from the absorbent liquid; An absorption cycle comprising a solution pump for pumping the absorption liquid in the absorber to the regenerator;

By heating the heated water passing through the evaporative heat exchanger of the evaporative absorption vessel through the heat increasing heat exchanger to heat the hot solution heated from the hot regenerator through different passages, It is configured to increase the heating temperature of the heating water, so that the heating capacity can be improved as much as possible regardless of the cooling capacity. Therefore, it is possible to develop an effective and valuable product that takes advantage of the absorption type air conditioner even in areas that require large heating capacity such as in Korea. Do.

In addition, it is a very useful invention to improve the practicality and convenience of the product by realizing the development of a small gas air conditioner that combines all the functions of the existing air conditioners and heaters by adding a hot water supply function equivalent to the heating capacity.

Description

Heating expansion and hot water supply system of absorption type air conditioner {DEVICE FOR INCREASE OF HEATING EFFICIENCY AND HOT-WATER SUPPLY FOR AN ABSORPTION AIR CONDITIONER}

The present invention relates to an increase in heating and a hot water supply device of the absorption type air conditioner, and more particularly, to increase the heating effect of the system and to provide a hot water supply function to increase the convenience.

In general, absorption cooling is generally a cooling cycle composed of absorption liquid and refrigerant using gas such as LPG and LNG as a heat source. Unlike conventional compression cooling systems using electricity as an energy source, primary heat energy is used. Because of this, excessive power load can be eliminated in summer. In addition, there is a variety of advantages, such as utilization in the cogeneration system using waste heat is a situation that is widely used in recent years.

This absorption type air conditioner is classified into a method using an aqueous solution such as lithium bromide as an absorption solution and a method using ammonia as a refrigerant and water as an absorption liquid.

The absorption type air conditioner that uses an aqueous solution such as lithium bromide as an absorption solution is composed of a heating source and a regenerator for regenerating the aqueous solution and generating a refrigerant, a solution pump for circulating the solution, an evaporator for evaporating the refrigerant, and a refrigerant evaporated from the evaporator. Absorber which absorbs steam, Evaporator heat is discharged from the evaporator, Cold water circuit for introducing cold water cooled in the evaporator tube to the indoor unit to supply cold air to the room, and Cooling tower or cooling device for discharging the heat of absorption absorbed by the absorber to the outside It consists of.

In particular, the small absorption air-conditioner is a conventional high temperature solution supplied from the high temperature regenerator 15 as shown in Figure 1 is transferred to the lower portion of the evaporation absorption vessel 41 through the cooling / heating switching valve 53 for the evaporation heat exchanger (42) Heat is transferred to the heat medium (cooling / heating water) flowing through the heat medium, which is transferred to the indoor air conditioning means 4 through a circulation pump to perform heating.

As such, the heating method of the small absorption air conditioner cycle using the lithium bromide aqueous solution as the absorbent is limited in capacity due to the following system circulation characteristics.

That is, the first heat transfer area-evaporation heat exchanger 42 is limited. Since the heat transfer area of the evaporation heat exchanger 42 is optimized based on cooling, there is a limit of heating capability even if it has a certain margin.

Second, hot water temperature is limited (60 ° C). Based on the solution concentration (52%), in order to obtain hot water (80 ° C or more), the temperature of the solution below the evaporative absorption container 41 should be 115 ° C or more. In the current system, not only the solution temperature in the high temperature regenerator 15 rises, but there is a risk of determination, and when the outlet solution temperature under the evaporative absorption container 41 is 100 ° C or more, it causes fatal damage to the solution pump 48. You will not be able to get hot water of high temperature.

For this reason, there is a problem that the heating capacity of the system is insufficient in the appropriate load area compared to the cooling capacity. (In Korea, the proper heating and cooling load of a general house is 350kcal / pyeong for cooling and 500kcal / h for heating) .

Therefore, increasing the heating of the cycle is the biggest problem for the practical use and commercialization of the absorption type air conditioning system.

In addition, the conventional absorption type air-conditioning system has a hot water supply function for the rapid use of hot water, so that users who are used to the shower, such as to feel uncomfortable.

The present invention is to provide an absorption type air conditioner to increase the heating effect of the system.

Another object of the present invention is to provide an absorption type air conditioner to have a user's convenience by having a hot water supply function.

Figure 1 is a schematic diagram showing a heating cycle of the entire apparatus of a conventional compact absorption air-conditioner.

Figure 2 is a device diagram showing a state in which a heat exchanger for secondary heat exchange of the present invention is installed on the outlet side of the heating means.

3 is an apparatus diagram showing an embodiment in which a heat exchanger for hot water supply is installed in series with a heat exchanger for increasing heating of the present invention.

Explanation of symbols for the main parts of the drawings

1-Absorption air conditioner 2-Heating means

3-Cooling / Heating Cycle 4-Indoor HVAC

5-Cooling means 6-Control

15-High Temperature Regenerator 41-Evaporative Absorption Container

52-Heating tube 61-Heat exchanger for increasing heating

62-hot water heat exchanger

The object of the present invention is a regenerator for vaporizing a portion of the absorbent liquid by heating the absorbent liquid with heating means; A condenser for cooling and liquefying the vaporized refrigerant generated in the regenerator; An evaporator for evaporating the liquefied refrigerant condensed in the condenser at low pressure; An absorber for absorbing the vaporized refrigerant evaporated in the evaporator from the absorbent liquid; An absorption cycle comprising a solution pump for pumping the absorption liquid in the absorber to the regenerator;

Heating water heated while passing through the evaporative heat exchanger of the evaporative absorption vessel passes through different passages of the hot solution heated from the high temperature regenerator and heat exchanges with the hot solution to increase the heating temperature of the heating water. The heat exchanger for increasing; It is achieved by being provided in series with the heat increasing heat exchanger to the hot water supply heat exchanger for supplying hot water.

Therefore, the heating water circulated for indoor heating improves its temperature by heat exchange over two times, thereby greatly improving heating efficiency.

Moreover, the practicality and commodity property of a product improve.

Hereinafter, preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

Figure 1 schematically shows the entire apparatus of a conventional small absorption type air conditioner mainly on a heating cycle.

2 is a schematic diagram illustrating a state in which a heat exchanger for secondary heat exchange of the present invention is installed at the outlet side of a heating means.

Figure 3 schematically shows an embodiment in which a heat exchanger for hot water supply is installed in series with a heat exchanger for increasing heating.

That is, the absorption type air conditioner (1) of the present invention is a small size used for home use, and is cooled or cooled by a heating means (2) for heating the absorption liquid and a dual-effect type cooling / heating cycle (3) as shown in FIG. Cooling mainly the vaporized refrigerant (steam in this embodiment) in the indoor air conditioning means (4) and the absorption type cooling cycle (3) which air-conditioned the room with heated air-conditioning water (heat medium for cooling and heating the room) It consists of a cooling means (5) for cooling the cooling water used for the purpose and a control device (6) for controlling each electric functional component mounted thereon.

The heating means (2) is a gas combustion device that generates heat by mainly burning gas with fuel, and heats the absorbing liquid with the generated heat, and a gas burner (11) for burning the gas, and the gas burner (11) And a combustion fan 13 for supplying combustion air to the gas burner 11. And it is formed to heat the boiling water 14 of the absorption type air-conditioning cycle with the heat obtained by the gas combustion of the gas burner 11, and to heat the low concentration absorption liquid supplied into the boiling water 14.

In such absorption type air conditioner, the absorption type cooling cycle (3) includes a refrigerant (14) which is heated by the heating means (2), and heats the low concentration absorbent liquid flowing into the boiler, thereby reducing the refrigerant contained in the low concentration absorption color ( A high temperature regenerator 15 which vaporizes (evaporates) water into a medium concentration absorbing liquid; By using the heat of condensation of the vaporized refrigerant in the high temperature regenerator 15, the medium concentration absorbent liquid supplied from the high temperature regenerator 15 side using a pressure difference is heated to vaporize the refrigerant contained in the medium concentration absorbent liquid to absorb the medium concentration absorbent liquid. A low temperature regenerator 16 having a high concentration absorbing liquid, a condenser 17 for cooling and liquefying vaporized refrigerant (water vapor) in the high temperature regenerator 15 and the low temperature regenerator 16, and liquefied by the condenser 17. It consists mainly of the evaporator 18 which evaporates liquefied refrigerant (water) under the pressure close to a vacuum, and the absorber 19 which absorbs the vaporized refrigerant evaporated by this evaporator 18 in the high concentration absorption liquid obtained by the low temperature regenerator.

The high temperature regenerator 15 is provided with the above-mentioned boiling unit 14 for heating the low concentration absorbent liquid by the heating means 2 and the boiling tube 21 extending upward from the boiling unit 14. The vaporized refrigerant vaporized in the low concentration absorbent liquid by boiling in the boiling vessel 14 and the boiling vessel 21 is the heavy concentration in the low temperature regenerator 16 by the wall of the high temperature regeneration vessel 22 having a cylindrical shape in the boiling vessel 21. In addition, heat is taken away as the heat of vaporization when the absorbing liquid evaporates and cooled to form a liquefied refrigerant (water).

The liquefied refrigerant liquefied and separated from the high temperature regeneration container 22 is led to the condenser 17 through the liquefied refrigerant pipe 25 connected to the lower portion.

The low temperature regeneration container 16 includes a low temperature regeneration container 31 of a Kanto container shape that encloses the high temperature regeneration container 22. On the other hand, the medium absorbent liquid in the boiling pipe 21 is supplied to the low temperature regenerator through the medium absorbent liquid pipe 26 connected to the bottom of the boiling pipe 21. Further, the medium absorbent liquid pipe 26 is provided with decompression means 27 such as an orifice. When the cooling / heating switching valve to be described later is closed, the decompression means 27 flows the medium absorbent liquid while maintaining the pressure difference between the high temperature regenerator 15 and the low temperature regenerator 16 and the cooling / heating switching valve 53. When is opened, the medium absorbs almost no flow. The low temperature regenerator 16 hardly flows the medium absorbent liquid supplied through the medium absorbent liquid tube 26. The low temperature regenerator 16 injects the medium absorbent liquid supplied through the medium absorbent liquid tube 26 along the upper portion of the high temperature regeneration container 22. Since the temperature in the low temperature regeneration container 31 is lower than the temperature of the high temperature regeneration container 22, the pressure in the low temperature regeneration container 31 is lower than the pressure in the high temperature regeneration container 22. Therefore, the medium absorbent liquid supplied from the medium absorbent liquid pipe 26 into the low temperature regeneration container 31 is likely to evaporate. Then, when the main concentration concentration absorbent is injected into the upper portion of the high temperature regeneration vessel 22, the medium concentration absorption liquid is heated by the wall of the high temperature regeneration vessel 22 so that a part of the refrigerant contained in the medium concentration absorption liquid is evaporated to become a vaporized refrigerant. The rest becomes a high concentration absorbent liquid. Here, the upper side of the low temperature regeneration container 31 is interlocked with the upper side of the condensation container 32 of the annular container shape by the linkage 33. Therefore, the vaporized refrigerant evaporated in the low temperature regeneration container 31 is supplied into the condensation container 32 through the communication unit 33.

On the other hand, the high concentration absorbent liquid is dropped into the lower portion of the low temperature regeneration vessel 31 and supplied to the absorber 19 through the high concentration absorbent liquid tube 34 connected to the lower portion of the low temperature regeneration vessel 31. In addition, a ceiling plate 35 is provided above the low temperature regeneration container 31, and a dome 36 through which the vaporized refrigerant passes is formed between the outer circumferential end of the ceiling plate 35 and the low temperature regeneration container 31.

The condenser 17 is covered by a condensation container 32 in the form of an annular container. Inside the condensation vessel 32, a condensation heat exchanger 37 is disposed to cool and liquefy the vaporized refrigerant in the condensation vessel 32. The heat exchanger 37 for condensation is an annular coil, in which cooling water flows. The vaporized refrigerant supplied from the low temperature regenerator 16 into the condensation vessel 32 is liquefied by being cooled by the heat exchanger 37 for condensation, and then dropped into the lower side of the heat exchanger 37 for condensation. On the other hand, the refrigerant is supplied to the lower side of the condensation vessel 32 through the liquefied refrigerant pipe 25 in the high temperature regenerator 15. Moreover, when this supply refrigerant is supplied into the condensation container 32, it boils again by a pressure difference, and is supplied in the state which vaporized refrigerant mixed.

The condensation vessel 32 is also connected to a liquefied refrigerant supply pipe 38 for guiding the liquefied refrigerant to the evaporator 18. The liquefied refrigerant supply pipe 38 is provided with a refrigerant valve 39 for controlling the amount of liquefied refrigerant supplied from the condensation vessel 32 to the evaporator 18.

The evaporator 18 is installed in the lower portion of the condensation vessel 32 together with the absorber 19, and is installed around the low temperature regeneration vessel 31 and is covered by the evaporation absorption vessel 41 having an annular container shape. An evaporation heat exchanger 42 for evaporating the liquefied refrigerant supplied from the condenser 17 is disposed outside the evaporation absorption container 41. The evaporation heat exchanger 42 is an annular coil, in which cold and hot water (heat medium) supplied to the indoor air conditioning means 4 flows. The liquefied refrigerant supplied from the condenser 17 through the liquefied refrigerant supply pipe 38 is supplied from the annular refrigerant supply device 43 disposed on the upper portion of the evaporative heat exchanger 42 to the evaporative heat exchanger 42. do. Since the evaporation absorption container 41 is maintained in a vacuum (approximately 6.5 mmHg), the boiling point is low and the liquefied cooling vessel supplied to the evaporation heat exchanger 42 is very easy to evaporate. The liquefied refrigerant supplied to the evaporation heat exchanger 42 takes the heat of vaporization from the heat medium flowing through the evaporation heat exchanger 42 and evaporates it. As a result, the heat medium flowing in the heat exchanger 42 for evaporation is cooled. Then, the cooled heat medium is guided to the indoor air conditioner 4 to cool the room.

The absorber 19 is covered by the evaporative absorption 41 as described above. In the absorber 19, an absorption heat exchanger 44 for cooling the high concentration absorption liquid supplied from the high concentration absorption liquid pipe 34 is disposed inside the evaporation absorption container 41. The absorption heat exchanger 44 is an annular coil, and inside thereof, cooling water for cooling the high concentration absorption liquid supplied onto the coil is supplied. In addition, the cooling water passing through the absorption heat exchanger 44 passes through the condenser heat exchanger 37 of the condenser 17 and is led to the cooling water cooling means 5 to be cooled. Then, the cooling water cooled by the cooling water cooling means 5 is led to the absorption heat exchanger 44 again.

On the other hand, in the upper part of the absorption heat exchanger 44, the annular absorption liquid supply apparatus 45 which supplies the high concentration absorption liquid supplied from the high concentration absorption liquid pipe 34 to the absorption heat exchanger 44 is arrange | positioned. The high concentration absorbent liquid supplied to the absorption heat exchanger 44 absorbs the vaporized refrigerant generated by evaporation in the evaporation heat exchanger 44 while being dropped from the upper side to the lower side along the coil surface of the absorption heat exchanger 44. . As a result, the absorbent liquid dropped to the bottom of the evaporative absorption container 41 becomes a low concentration absorbent liquid whose concentration is thinned.

On the other hand, in the evaporation absorption container 41, a cylindrical partition wall 46 is provided between the evaporation heat exchanger 42 and the absorption heat exchanger. The upper part of the cylindrical partition wall 46 is open so that the evaporation heat exchanger 42 and the absorption heat exchanger 44 may communicate, and the vaporization refrigerant produced by the evaporator 18 may be cylindrical partition wall 46. Guided into the absorber 19 through the top of the. In addition, a low concentration absorbent liquid pipe 47 for supplying the low concentration absorbent liquid dropped into the bottom of the evaporative absorption container 41 to the boiler 14 is connected to the bottom of the evaporative absorption container 41. The low concentration absorbent liquid pipe 47 is provided with a solution pump 48 for supplying the low concentration absorbent liquid from the evaporative absorption container 41 which has become almost vacuum to the boiler 14.

The heating operation will be described below.

The heating operation means includes a heating tube 52 for guiding a high temperature absorbent liquid in the lower part of the boiling pipe 21 to the lower part of the evaporator 18 and a cooling / heating switching valve 53 for opening and closing the heating tube 52. It is composed. The cooling / heating switching valve 53 opens the valve during the heating operation and guides the hot absorbent liquid into the evaporative absorption container 41 so that the heat medium flowing in the evaporator heat exchanger 42 of the evaporator 18 is cooled. Heating water).

In the present invention, the cooling operation is performed as described above, and in particular, the heating efficiency (heating temperature) increase during heating operation is the most important structural feature.

The heating operation means includes a heat increasing heat exchanger 61 for exchanging hot absorbent liquid with a heat medium (water) used as the indoor air conditioning means 4, and a heat exchanger for exchanging high temperature absorbent liquid under the boiling pipe 21 for heating. Heating pipe 52 which guides the lower part of the evaporator 18 through the machine 61, a cooling / heating switching valve 53 which opens and closes the heating pipe 52, and a heating medium (cooling / heating water) It consists of a three-way valve 54 constituting the flow path of the). The cooling / heating switching valve 53 opens the valve during the heating operation and guides the high temperature absorbing liquid into the evaporative absorption container 41 through the heat increasing heat exchanger 61 to heat the evaporator 18. The heating medium (water) flowing in the vessel 42 is heated, and the heated heating medium (water) passes through the evaporation heat pipe 42 and then flows into the heat increasing heat exchanger 61 to heat the solution and the secondary. Heat exchanged to become high temperature heating water is led to the indoor air conditioning means (4).

On the other hand, it is preferable to install the hot water supply heat exchanger 62 in series as shown in FIG. 3 in order to improve the temperature of the heating water by the heating increase heat exchanger 61 and to use the hot water supply.

That is, the hot water supply heat exchanger 62 for heat-exchanging the heat medium (heating water) and the water supplied from the outside for the hot water supply means is connected in series with the heat-exchanging heat exchanger 61. The circuit is obtained by the hot water pipe 63 which guides (hot water) to the lower part of the evaporator 18 via the hot water heat exchanger 62 and the three-way valve 64 which opens and closes the hot water pipe 63. The three-way valve 64 operates the valve during hot water operation so that the hot water flows into the hot water heat exchanger 62 instead of the indoor air conditioner 4, passes through the hot water heat exchanger 62, and then flows into the circulation pump. Do it. At this time, direct water is supplied to the other side of the hot water heat exchanger 62, which is used as a high temperature hot water by heat exchange with the high temperature heating water exiting the heat exchanger 61 for heating.

In the present invention in which the circuit is configured as described above, since the heat increasing heat exchanger 61 is attached to the heating tube 52 of the absorption type air conditioner, the high temperature solution is evaporated from the high temperature regenerator 15 via the heat increasing heat exchanger 61. It is transferred to the lower portion of the absorption vessel 41. At this time, the heat medium (heating water) flowing through the indoor air conditioning means (4) passes through the evaporation heat exchanger (42) inside by a circulation pump and heat exchanges with the solution transferred to the evaporative absorption vessel (41) lower first, and then for heating. By heat-exchanging the secondary solution with the high temperature solution through the heat exchanger 61 to become the high temperature heating water, the heating temperature is increased when the indoor heating (indoor and floor heating) is performed. .

Here, the configuration of the heat increasing heat exchanger 61 for heating and the hot water supply heat exchanger 62 is a state in which thin heat exchange plates overlap with multiple layers, in a state in which heating water or high temperature solution introduced through the inlet and outlet are not mixed with each other. By passing between the heat exchange plates, a structure in which heat exchange is performed can be selected.

In addition, it is also possible to select a structure in which the different liquids are passed through the tube structure in the heat exchange vessel and the heat exchange method, and even if not described in detail below, a heat exchanger that allows two materials of any structure to pass through and exchange heat may fall within the scope of the present invention. will be.

According to the present invention as described above, it is possible to improve the heating capacity irrespective of the cooling capacity, it is possible to develop an effective and valuable product utilizing the advantages of the absorption type air conditioner even in a region requiring a large heating capacity such as domestic.

In addition, it is a very useful invention to improve the practicality and convenience of the product by realizing the development of a small gas air conditioner that combines all the functions of the existing air conditioners and heaters by adding a hot water supply function equivalent to the heating capacity.

Claims (4)

delete A regenerator for vaporizing a portion of the absorbent liquid by heating the absorbent liquid by heating means; A condenser for cooling and liquefying the vaporized refrigerant generated in the regenerator; An evaporator for evaporating the liquefied refrigerant condensed in the condenser at low pressure; An absorber for absorbing the vaporized refrigerant evaporated in the evaporator from the absorbent liquid; An absorption cycle comprising a solution pump for pumping the absorption liquid in the absorber to the regenerator; Heating water heated while passing through the evaporative heat exchanger of the evaporative absorption vessel passes through different passages of the hot solution heated from the high temperature regenerator and heat exchanges with the hot solution to increase the heating temperature of the heating water. An increase heat exchanger; The heating increase and hot water supply device of the absorption type air conditioner, characterized in that the heat supply is provided in series with the heating increase heat exchanger for supplying hot water. The heating increaser heat exchanger of claim 2, wherein the heating increaser heat exchanger comprises a heating tube for directing a high temperature absorbent liquid from the lower part of the boiling pipe to the lower part of the evaporator through a heating increaser heat exchanger, a cooling / heating switching valve for opening and closing the heating tube; Heating expansion and hot water supply device of the absorption type air conditioner, characterized in that connected to the three-way valve constituting the flow path of the heating medium (cooling / heating water) during the heating and cooling switching. The hot water heat exchanger of claim 2, wherein the hot water heat exchanger is connected in series with a heat exchanger for increasing heating, and a hot water pipe for directing high temperature heating water (hot water) to a lower portion of the evaporator through a hot water heat exchanger, and opening and closing the hot water pipe. Heating increase and hot water supply device of the absorption type air-conditioner, characterized in that the circuit is configured by a three-way valve.