KR100324898B1 - smart gun using electro-rheological fluid and shape memory alloy - Google Patents

Abstract

In the present invention, by preventing the shock transmitted to the butt and loaf prevention device when the rifle and various guns (including various artillery), which are the basic weapons, are prevented and the barrel deformation generated during a long time shooting is improved, the accuracy of the hit ratio is improved. To achieve this, a small electric flow damper operated by an electro- rheological fluid capable of controlling the damping force according to the electric field, and the ability to recover a specific shape according to the temperature or heat are realized. It is intended to present a smart gun and drift that can be made of shape memory alloy, which can prevent impact and reduce laminar deformation.

Description

Smart gun using electro-rheological fluid and shape memory alloy

The present invention relates to a structure for preventing the rifle impact and the thermal deformation of the barrel when shooting over a long time, more specifically, an electro-fluid fluid that can generate a damping force continuously according to the size of the electric field loaded working fluid Active vibration control is possible, and when the electric field is unloaded, flow resistance occurs as the electric fluid flows through the duct between the outer cylinder and the inner cylinder, and the consumed force acts as a damping force of the fluid. An electrofluid effect that restricts the flow of fluid at positive and negative energized electrodes under load, resulting in a change in the damping force of the rifle's electric fluid gambler and the heat deflection of the barrel during multiple shots. Shape memory to prevent heat deformation It's about a smart gun with an alloy-fired barrel.

As is well known, an automatic gun is a gun in which a number of ammunition is fired continuously as long as the trigger is held down while the trigger is pulled or until the final ammunition is fired. The semi-automatic gun also fires one ammo when it is triggered, ejects its casing, retracts it, and automatically loads the next ammo, but does not fire the next ammo until the trigger is released and pulled again. Say gun.

Automatic guns and semi-automatic guns generally come in three varieties: recoil, blowback and gas. Such automatic and semi-automatic guns are described in many literatures, for example, in the tenth edition of the "double U. H." issued by "Stackforol Books" in Harrisburg, PA, and fully revised by "Joseph E. Smith". .B.Smead's "World Fire Extinguishers" and "Jains Infantry Weapon" (1977) published by "Jain's Publishing Company" and edited by "Denis H. A. Isher". Known forms include the US 7.62mm NATO M.60 machine gun described on pages 695-699 of "World Fire Extinguishers" and pages 332-337 of "Janes Infantry Weapons," and pages 656 of "World Fire Extinguishers." There is a 5.56 mmm AR18 rifle described on pages 229-231 of "Jains Infantry Weapons." Gas-automatic guns, such as the AR 18, are pushed towards the barrel by drive springs and operated by a trigger penetrating the middle of the shea. Nozzle carrier (car rier) has a receiver surrounding the assembly.

A radial hole penetrating the barrel wall is provided at a distance along the barrel length and the gas piston and cylinder assembly cooperate with the hole externally. In operation, the grommet / knob carrier assembly takes one ammunition from the magazine and feeds the ammunition into the supply area within the receiver, and the nori-brain is driven to load the ammunition into the chamber. The bolt then rotates to a fixed position to ensure that the ammunition is held firmly in the chamber.

The bolt / lock carrier assembly is slidable and rotatable relative to each other, and the ball is rotated and locked when the ball fires ammunition by the final forward motion of the lock carrier assembly because the ball is mounted on the lock carrier assembly. . The gas is generated by the firing of ammunition and the gas enters the hole as the bullet passes through the radial hole and into the gas cylinder while the bullet is in the barrel. Of course, when the bullet leaves the barrel, the gas dissipates.

The gas cylinder is arranged as a movable part and is connected to the bolt and carrier assembly by a rod. Thus, when the cylinder is filled with gas, it is driven backwards by the gas, releasing the bolt, pulling out the casing, and discharging it, and retracting the bolt to prepare for the next operation. It is noted that the movable cylinder does not have the same running length as the bolt carrier assembly. Like many other automatic weapons, the AR18 rifle shoots from a closed position. That is, the position means that the ammunition is loaded in the electrical working cycle so that only the hammer or other light launch mechanism moves when the bolt / trick carrier assembly is always in front and when the trigger is pulled. That is, the bolt / lock carrier assembly does not move until after the shot has taken place, so that no action or force is applied to the gun before the shot.

This allows the missile / thickness carrier assembly to be held behind the supply area by an electrical actuation cycle, and the firing from the nymph-opening position where the null carrier is captured by the sheer before the bolt / thickness carrier assembly is driven forward by the drive spring. It is distinguished from the gun (such as the M-60 machine gun). Thus, the ammunition is not initially loaded so that when the trigger is pulled, the bolt / key carrier assembly is released and driven forward by the main spring to load and fire the ammunition. In the case of shots from the bolt opening position, the rear force is applied to the gun before shooting due to the reaction of the driving spring when pushing the bolt carrier forward.

In the operating cycle, the bolt carrier can travel past the feed area, for example the magazine receptacle, to the rear position to supply and load other ammunition. In known gas-automatic guns, it is common for the bolt carrier to hit the rear wall of the receiver and limit its reverse range, and in many known guns, such as the M-60, the collision passes through the middle of the shock absorber. As used herein, the term "buffer" means a means disposed between the bolt carrier assembly and the detent to quickly block the bolt carrier and having a force at least twice as large as that of all other combined spring force averages. do.

Thus, in known gas-automated guns, not only recoil occurs from the gun when firing ammunition, but also when the receiver collides with the rear wall even if the carrier assembly passes through the middle portion of the shock absorber. The reaction of such a reaction to the shooter causes the barrel to move upwards, resulting in inaccurate shooting. Such automatic guns typically fire about 6-12 shots per second, and the shooter needs 1-2 seconds to re- aim to compensate for these recoil effects. Such weapons tend to be inaccurate due to miscontrol by the shooter.

Although such misadjustment is considerably mitigated in blow-back and semi-automatic guns by providing flexible recoil, the solutions used in such guns are not applicable to gas-automatic guns because of the operational differences between the types of guns. Recoil-operated guns have lost popularity due to the complexity of moving the barrel and the bolt / knife carrier assembly backwards in preparation for firing, and blow-back guns are only partially used for short range bullets.

For these reasons, there is a great demand for gas-automatic guns, which are considered desirable due to the fact that they are not blocked by mud and sand, etc., to have improved accuracy when fully automatic. In gas self-contained guns, many attempts have been made to reduce the effect of bolt carriers impinging on the rear receiver wall to provide repulsion. The term "repulsion" refers to the proportion of energy from a collider that returns to the collider upon impact on a fixed solid material. Thus, when the steel knock carrier collides with the steel rear wall of the receiver, most of the energy of the colliding carrier assembly is returned to the carrier by the rear receiver wall in the opposite direction.

In such cases, it is said that there is a 100% rebound, i.e. a very high recoil and AR18 is an example. In the M-16 rifle (described on pages 650-653 of "World Fire Extinguishers" and pages 226-228 of "Jains Infantry Weapons"), a Norse Carrier to absorb some of the energy of the bolt that impinges on the rear receiver wall. Attempts have been made to reduce repulsion by installing shock absorbers by the trailing edge of the isolator.

The shock absorber is compressible between the tail receiver wall and the tail of the bolt carrier assembly. Although the recoil rate of the M-16 is considered low, it has been found that significant recoil is caused by the rear receiver wall where the shock absorber / key carrier assembly collides. Recoil effects in gas-automatic guns are considered to be soother-operated guns that are not automatic but have many similarities to gas-automatic guns.

In this respect, both guns have a fixed, rigid structure in which the ammunition carries ammunition shocks when it passes through. Light recoil is due to the gas driving the front wall of the stationary member as well as the in-cylinder gas driving the movable member such as a cylinder or piston to the rear.

Gas operated guns therefore tend to have "flexible" operation than the above-mentioned thrust operated guns. Nevertheless, a recoil effect as described above still exists, i.e. the shooter loses a target after the first shot, which causes the loss of a number of other reactionary operations experienced by the shooter in a series of separate sharp hits. It is obvious.

Various attempts have been made to eliminate the reaction, for example, the third edition of The Telegraph Press, published in the second edition of April 1976, by "Jurian S. Hatcher" on page 262. See our notes book. Because of the impact of recoil on the controllability of conventional gas operated guns, the accuracy of such guns is poor. Attempts to improve the hit rate of such gas-operated guns include three consecutive firing limiters, a fast rifle that fires three to four shots very quickly so that the gun does not have time to leave the target, and two or three at every trigger. Includes double or triple ammunition for firing feet.

However, none of these have been successful, nor have they improved the accuracy of gas-operated automatic guns. Military weapons are being developed for the purpose of high performance and high firepower, and as the most basic military weapon, the need for performance improvement is increasing. Rifles consist of a barrel, a body, a butt, and their performance is determined by the accuracy of the hit.

In the case of the existing rifle, when the gun is triggered, the gun is filled with gas by the force of explosive force, and the most stop is the self-loading rifle that retracts and returns to the power generation position. The tooth retracts and impacts the butt that connects to the body. This shock is transmitted to the rifle user, and if it is a good user, the rifle will rebound in the upper right direction, causing re aiming time delay, and recoil accumulates in the rifle due to continuous impact during continuous shooting. It is drastically lowered, which leads to an economic loss of waste of ammunition. Minimizing the vibrations caused by these rifle recoils not only improves the rifle's performance but also prevents losses.

This can be improved by reducing the shock caused by the rifle's firing on the buttboard and the deformation of the barrel caused by the heat generated by the explosion of the ammunition during multiple shots. However, the conventional rifle thickened the barrel thickness to prevent thermal deformation, but there is no device for fundamentally preventing thermal deformation, and as shown in FIG. 1, when the trigger is simply triggered, the impact force is sheared from the bolt 100. Since the tamper 20 of the spring 10 and the mechanical structure is used, the impact force cannot be sufficiently absorbed when shooting, and thus the hit rate is significantly lowered when the multiple shots are fired.

The rifle type electric flow damper configured in the present invention has active load control because the load machine has an electric fluid that can continuously generate the damping force according to the size of the electric field. As the electric fluid flows through the duct between the outer cylinder and the inner cylinder under no electric field, the force consumed thereby acts as a damping force of the fluid. Under the electric field load, the electrofluid effect that restricts the flow of fluid at the positive and negative electrodes is changed, and thus the damping force of the rifle electric fluid damper is changed. In addition, the reaction speed of electrofluidic fluid is very fast, such as several ms, to ensure the mechanical and dynamic stability of the rifle.

In addition, the heat generated by the explosives is transferred to the barrel of the rifle, and the heat transmitted during the long multiple shots continues to rise, causing the barrel to be deformed by the heat. Even if this variation is small, considering the range of the rifle, it will have a big impact on the hit rate because the error at the end point becomes very large. In addition, too much deformation will result in poor rifle durability.

Accordingly, an object of the present invention has been made in view of the above problems, by having an electrofluidic damper using the electrofluid fluid as a working oil that can reduce the impact semi-actively to improve the performance and durability of the gun The purpose is to provide a smart gun.

1 is a side schematic view of a rifle butt applied to an existing rifle.

Figure 2 is a side schematic view of a rifle butt adapted to the present invention.

Figure 3 is a cross-sectional view of the electro-Rheological damper of the present invention.

Figure 4 is a cross-sectional view of the SMA (Shapc Memory Alloy) barrel of the present invention.

5 is a principle diagram of SMA operation.

6 is a damping force control flowchart of the electric flow damper.

* Description of the main parts of the drawings *

10: spring 20: damper

30: butt cover 100: stop the bolt

120: electric flow damper 121: piston

122: outer cylinder (-electrode) 123: inner cylinder (+ electrode)

124: accumulator 125: power supply line

126: electric fluid duct 127: electric fluid

128: piston rod of the electric flow damper 130: high voltage device

140: power supply 150: controller

160: power switch 170: trigger

180: piston rod 190: gas chamber

200: barrel 210: the first type of memory alloy

211: Second Type Retaining Alloy

According to a feature of the present invention for achieving the above object, the electric flow damping to absorb the impact force by using an electrofluid fluid in communication with the impact body delivered during the launch of the coal stream, and the power supplied to the electric flow damper In the smart gun comprising a controller for controlling the flow resistance of the electrofluid fluid through, the electrofluid damper is formed in a cylindrical shape with both ends open to the inner cylinder to which a voltage of one polarity is applied, the inner cylinder A piston coupled to the impact body and reciprocating to the reciprocating body, an outer cylinder installed at a predetermined interval outside the inner cylinder, and having an opposite polarity voltage applied thereto, and charged inside the outer cylinder to fill the outer cylinder and the inner cylinder. An electric flow fluid whose flow resistance changes in accordance with the electric field generated by the; And a voltage device that loads an electric field to the electric flow damper using power supplied from a power supply according to an operation control signal of the controller, wherein the controller is turned on to control the power supply while the trigger is being pulled. And turn on / off the switch at intervals equal to the frequency fired so as to be applied to the electric field temperature electric flow damper from the high voltage device according to the magnitude of the damping force of the preset electric flow damper and the excitation frequency. Provides a smart gun that is configured to.

Hereinafter, an embodiment of the present invention will be described in more detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. 2 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a rifle type electric flow damper 120, a power supply device 140, and a small high voltage device 130, which are configured in the rifle butt. The power supply of the power supply 140 is to use a normal battery and the power switch 160 is connected to the trigger 170 to trigger the rifle, when the trigger is pulled the switch is turned on to supply power.

Since the impact force of the stopper 100 hits the butt plate connected to the body of the rifle at the time of triggering is not significantly different, the power supplied is determined to reduce the impact through the controller 150, and the power supply is a small high voltage device. The electric field is loaded into the rifle type electric flow damper 120 via the 130. As shown in FIG. 3, the electric flow damper for the rifle is composed of an inner cylinder 123, an outer cylinder 122, and a piston 121.

In addition, a high voltage (+) power source is connected to the inner cylinder 123 and a high voltage (−) power source is connected to the outer cylinder 122 to operate as an electrode for applying an electric field to the electrofluidic fluid 127. The upper chamber is referred to as the upper chamber and the lower chamber as the center of the piston 121, and the electric fluid fluid 127 is filled therein. The piston moves by the impact force so that the fluid in one chamber flows through the electric flow duct 126 to the other chamber.

The lower chamber is divided into two parts, one in the damper and the other on the outside of the damper. These two parts are connected by hydraulic tube and the lower chamber consists of the fluid chamber and the accumulator on the free piston boundary. The accumulator 124 compensates that the fluid does not flow due to volume difference as the piston rod 128 inserted when the piston rod 128 moves downward.

In addition, it serves to absorb the sudden pressure change transmitted to the lower chamber by the sudden movement of the piston rod 128 and to prevent the effects of bubbles and the like, and to receive the fluid volume due to thermal expansion. When a high voltage is applied to the electrode, an electric field is formed between the circular ducts 126, and the electrofluid fluid 127 flowing through the duct age is instantaneously converted from a newtonan flow to a bingham flow.

That is, as the electric field is applied, the yield shear stress of the electric fluid 127 between the circular ducts 126 increases to increase the flow resistance. This increases the pressure difference in the upper and lower chambers, and as a result, the damping force due to the yield shear stress of the electrofluid fluid is applied to the damping force due to the viscosity of the electrofluid fluid, thereby obtaining a greater damping force. This damping force can alleviate the impact on the rifle. 4 is a schematic view of planting two types of shape memory alloy in the barrel.

The first mold restraint alloy 220 is configured in a cylindrical form, is surrounded by the outer barrel, and the second mold restraint alloy 211 is coupled between the helical six-throw priority inside the barrel in the form of a coil. 5A and 5B are diagrams for explaining the principle of the shape memory alloy, and FIG. 5A shows that the shape memory alloy, which is controlled at a specific temperature and stores the original shape, undergoes plastic deformation under external stress. It is shown that the plastic deformation of the shape memory alloy is applied to an electric furnace to restore the original shape.

5A and 5B, in general, when the shape memory alloys 210 and 211 are deformed, electricity is applied to control the shape memory alloy to be at or near the original shape.

6 is a flow chart of damping force control of the electric flow damper. When the required damping force is set as the damping force magnitude and frequency (S1), the trigger is turned on (S20) and the power switch is turned on to operate the controller (S40). Is activated (S50), the electric flow damper is activated (S60) to achieve a satisfactory performance (S70) of absorbing the impact amount to complete the control flow.

As described above, the present invention provides a smart rifle having an electric fluid damper using an electric fluid that can reduce the impact semi-actively, thereby improving the performance of the gun as well as improving the durability of the rifle. You can do it.

Claims (3)

The electric fluid fluid 127 through the electric fluid damper 120 and the electric fluid damper 120 to absorb the impact force by using an electric fluid fluid 127 in communication with the impact body delivered during the launch of the coal flow; In the smart gun comprising a controller 150 for controlling the flow resistance of), The electric flow damper 120 is formed in a cylindrical shape with both ends open and the inner cylinder 123 to which a voltage of one polarity is applied, coupled to the inner side of the inner cylinder 123 to reciprocate in conjunction with the impact body Piston 121, the outer cylinder 122, which is installed at a certain interval on the outer side of the inner cylinder 123, the opposite polarity voltage is applied, and the outer cylinder 123 is filled in the outer cylinder 122 And an electrofluidic fluid 127 whose flow resistance is changed in accordance with the electric field generated by the inner cylinder 123; And a voltage device 130 which loads an electric field to the electric flow damper 120 using power supplied from the power supply device 140 according to the operation control signal of the controller 150. The high voltage according to the magnitude of the damping force of the electric flow damper 120, the excitation frequency is set so that the switch 160 for controlling the power supply device 140 is turned ON while the trigger 170 is being pulled. Smart gun, characterized in that configured to turn on / off the switch (160) at intervals equal to the frequency of firing so that the electric field from the device (130) can be applied to the electric flow damper (120). The method of claim 1, Smart gun, characterized in that the inside of the outer cylinder (122) is provided with an amplifier (124) to compensate for the movement of the piston (121) and the internal pressure due to the electrofluidic fluid (127). The method of claim 1, The electro-fluid 127 is a smart gun, characterized in that the damping effect due to the characteristic that the yield stress of the fluid increases with increasing electric field.