KR100300399B1 - Liquid crystal display - Google Patents

Liquid crystal display Download PDF

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KR100300399B1
KR100300399B1 KR1019970072608A KR19970072608A KR100300399B1 KR 100300399 B1 KR100300399 B1 KR 100300399B1 KR 1019970072608 A KR1019970072608 A KR 1019970072608A KR 19970072608 A KR19970072608 A KR 19970072608A KR 100300399 B1 KR100300399 B1 KR 100300399B1
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South Korea
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liquid crystal
crystal display
substrate
polarizing plate
compensation film
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KR1019970072608A
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Korean (ko)
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KR19990053040A (en
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정석홍
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김순택
삼성에스디아이 주식회사
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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
    • G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
    • G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour 
    • G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
    • G02F1/133—Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
    • G02F1/1333—Constructional arrangements; Manufacturing methods
    • G02F1/1335—Structural association of cells with optical devices, e.g. polarisers or reflectors
    • G02F1/13363—Birefringent elements, e.g. for optical compensation
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B5/00—Optical elements other than lenses
    • G02B5/30—Polarising elements
    • G02B5/3025—Polarisers, i.e. arrangements capable of producing a definite output polarisation state from an unpolarised input state
    • G02B5/3033—Polarisers, i.e. arrangements capable of producing a definite output polarisation state from an unpolarised input state in the form of a thin sheet or foil, e.g. Polaroid
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B5/00—Optical elements other than lenses
    • G02B5/30—Polarising elements
    • G02B5/3083—Birefringent or phase retarding elements
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
    • G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
    • G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour 
    • G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
    • G02F1/133—Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
    • G02F1/1333—Constructional arrangements; Manufacturing methods
    • G02F1/1335—Structural association of cells with optical devices, e.g. polarisers or reflectors
    • G02F1/133528—Polarisers
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
    • G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
    • G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour 
    • G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
    • G02F1/133—Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
    • G02F1/1333—Constructional arrangements; Manufacturing methods
    • G02F1/1335—Structural association of cells with optical devices, e.g. polarisers or reflectors
    • G02F1/13363—Birefringent elements, e.g. for optical compensation
    • G02F1/133634—Birefringent elements, e.g. for optical compensation the refractive index Nz perpendicular to the element surface being different from in-plane refractive indices Nx and Ny, e.g. biaxial or with normal optical axis

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Nonlinear Science (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Optics & Photonics (AREA)
  • Mathematical Physics (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
  • Liquid Crystal (AREA)

Abstract

PURPOSE: A liquid crystal display is provided to improve the structure of liquid display to install to be able to separate the front polarized sheet and compensated film. CONSTITUTION: A liquid crystal display(20) is composed of a liquid crystal cell including a front(24a) and rear substrate(24b) forming sealed space having liquid crystal layer, a liquid crystal layer injected to the space the sealed space, and a first(23a) and second electrode(23b), polarized sheets composed of a front polarized sheet(25a) installed on periphery of the front substrate to be able to be separated and a rear polarized sheet(25b) installed on the periphery of the rear substrate, a compensated film(26) positioned between the front substrate and the front polarized sheet and adhered on the lower surface of the front polarized sheet. The polarized sheets and the compensated film assembled in a body are installed so as to be separated and light of various colors can be made.

Description

액정 디스플레이{Liquid crystal display}Liquid crystal display

본 발명은 액정 디스플레이에 관한 것으로서, 더 상세하게는 다양한 색상을 구현할 수 있도록 편광판 및 보상 필름의 부착 구조가 개선된 액정 디스플레이에 관한 것이다.The present invention relates to a liquid crystal display, and more particularly, to a liquid crystal display having an improved attachment structure of a polarizing plate and a compensation film to realize various colors.

액정 디스플레이(liquid crystal display,LCD)는 브라운관, 발광 다이오드처럼 스스로 발광하는 소자가 아니고, 외부로부터 빛을 받아서 눈에 보이게 되는 수광 형태의 소자이다.Liquid crystal displays (LCDs) are not devices that emit light by themselves like CRTs and light emitting diodes, but are light-receiving devices that receive light from the outside and are visible.

이러한 액정 디스플레이는 극도로 경박단소화되어 적은 소비 전력으로도 구동이 가능하며 랩 탑 컴퓨터(lap top computer)나 포켓 컴퓨터(pocket computer) 혹은 차량 적재용, 칼라 텔레비전의 화상용으로 그 용도를 급속하게 확대하고 있다.These liquid crystal displays are extremely light and small, so they can be driven with low power consumption, and are rapidly used for lap top computers, pocket computers, vehicle loading, and color television images. It is expanding.

도 1은 이러한 액정 디스플레이중에서 STN(super twist nematic) 방식의 단순 매트릭스 액정 디스플레이(10)를 나타낸 것이다.FIG. 1 shows a simple matrix liquid crystal display 10 of STN (super twist nematic) type among such liquid crystal displays.

도면을 참조하면, 상기 액정 디스플레이(10)에는 액정(11)과, 상기 액정(11)의 상하면에 형성된 상하부 배향막(12a)(12b)과, 상기 배향막(12a)(12b)의 외면에 각각 설치되는 제 1,2 전극(13a)(13b)과, 상기 제 1,2 전극(13a)(13b)의 외면에 설치되는 전면 및 배면 기판(14a)(14b)을 포함한다.Referring to the drawings, the liquid crystal display 10 is provided on the liquid crystal 11, upper and lower alignment layers 12a and 12b formed on the upper and lower surfaces of the liquid crystal 11, and on the outer surfaces of the alignment layers 12a and 12b, respectively. First and second electrodes 13a and 13b, and front and rear substrates 14a and 14b provided on the outer surfaces of the first and second electrodes 13a and 13b.

또한, 상기 기판(14a)(14b)의 외면에는 소정 간격 이격되게 전면 및 배면 편광판(15a)(15b)이 형성되어 있다. 그리고, 상기 전면 기판(14a)과 전면 배광판(15a) 사이에는 보상 필름(16)이 개재되고, 상기 배면 편광판(15b)의 외면에는 반사판(17)이 설치되어 있다.In addition, front and rear polarizing plates 15a and 15b are formed on outer surfaces of the substrates 14a and 14b so as to be spaced apart by a predetermined interval. The compensation film 16 is interposed between the front substrate 14a and the front light distribution plate 15a, and a reflecting plate 17 is provided on the outer surface of the back polarizing plate 15b.

상기와 같은 구조를 가지는 액정 디스플레이(10)에 있어서, 상기 전면 기판(14a)과 전면 배광판(15a) 사이에 설치되는 보상 필름(16)은 상기 액정 디스플레이(10)의 복굴절성에 의한 위상차를 보상하여 주거나, 상기 액정(11)으로부터 발광되는 빛이 특정한 색상을 구현할 수 있도록 해준다.In the liquid crystal display 10 having the above structure, the compensation film 16 provided between the front substrate 14a and the front light distribution plate 15a compensates for the phase difference due to the birefringence of the liquid crystal display 10. Alternatively, the light emitted from the liquid crystal 11 may implement a specific color.

그런데, 종래의 액정 디스플레이(10)는 상기 액정(11)을 기준으로 하여 양 면으로 배향막(12a)(12b), 제 1,2 전극(13a)(13b), 전면 및 배면 기판(14a)(14b), 보상 필름(16), 편광판(15a)(15b)이 순차적으로 부착되는 일체형의 구조이므로 시각적으로 표시하고자 하는 색상이 특정한 색상으로 고정되어 버리는 문제점이 있었다.By the way, the conventional liquid crystal display 10 has alignment films 12a and 12b, first and second electrodes 13a and 13b, front and rear substrates 14a on both sides of the liquid crystal 11 as a reference. 14b), since the compensation film 16 and the polarizing plates 15a and 15b are integrally attached to each other, there is a problem that the color to be visually displayed is fixed to a specific color.

본 발명은 상기와 같은 문제점을 해결하기 위하여 창안된 것으로서, 전면 편광판과 보상 필름이 전면 기판상에서 분리가능하게 부착되도록 구조가 개선된 액정 디스플레이를 제공하는데 그 목적이 있다.The present invention has been made to solve the above problems, and an object thereof is to provide a liquid crystal display having an improved structure such that the front polarizer and the compensation film are detachably attached on the front substrate.

도 1은 종래의 액정 디스플레이를 도시한 단면도,1 is a cross-sectional view showing a conventional liquid crystal display,

도 2는 본 발명에 따른 액정 디스플레이를 도시한 단면도.2 is a sectional view showing a liquid crystal display according to the present invention;

<도면의 주요 부분에 대한 부호의 간단한 설명><Brief description of symbols for the main parts of the drawings>

10,20. 액정 디스플레이 11,21. 액정10,20. Liquid Crystal Display 11,21. LCD

12a,12b,22a,22b. 배향막 13a,23a. 제 1 전극12a, 12b, 22a, 22b. Alignment layer 13a, 23a. First electrode

13b,23b. 제 2 전극 14a,24a. 전면 기판13b, 23b. Second electrode 14a, 24a. Front board

14b,24b. 배면 기판 15a,25a. 전면 편광판14b, 24b. Back substrate 15a, 25a. Front polarizer

15b,25b. 배면 편광판 16,26. 보상 필름15b, 25b. Rear polarizer 16,26. Compensation film

17,27. 반사판17,27. Reflector

상기와 같은 목적을 달성하기 위하여 본 발명의 액정 디스플레이는,In order to achieve the above object, the liquid crystal display of the present invention,

액정층이 개재되는 밀폐 공간을 형성하는 전면 및 배면 기판과, 상기 밀폐 공간에 주입되는 액정층과, 상기 전면 기판과 배면 기판의 상호 대향되는 면에 각각 설치되는 제 1,2 전극을 포함하는 액정 셀; 상기 전면 기판상에 분리가능하게 설치되는 보상 필름; 및 상기 보상 필름의 일측에 부착되는 편광판;을 포함한다.A liquid crystal including a front and back substrate forming an enclosed space in which a liquid crystal layer is interposed, a liquid crystal layer injected into the enclosed space, and first and second electrodes respectively provided on opposite surfaces of the front and back substrate Cell; A compensation film detachably installed on the front substrate; And a polarizing plate attached to one side of the compensation film.

본 발명에 따르면, 상기 보상 필름은 상기 편광판과 일체형으로 이루어진 것을 특징으로 한다.According to the present invention, the compensation film is characterized in that it is made integral with the polarizing plate.

이하에서 첨부된 도면을 참조하면서 본 발명에 따른 액정 디스플레이의 바람직한 실시예를 상세히 설명하고자 한다.Hereinafter, exemplary embodiments of the liquid crystal display according to the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

도 2는 본 발명에 따른 STN 방식의 단순 매트릭스 액정 디스플레이(20)의 일예를 나타낸 것이다.2 shows an example of the STN type simple matrix liquid crystal display 20 according to the present invention.

도면을 참조하면, 상기 액정 디스플레이(20)는 액정(21)의 상하면에 상기 액정(21)의 배향을 유도하는 배향막(22a)(22b)이 설치된다. 이 배향막(22a)의 외면에는 투명 전극으로 사용하기 위하여 ITO(Indum Tin Oxide)막으로 된 제 1,2 전극 (23a)(23b)을 각각 형성한다. 상기 제 1,2 전극(23a)(23b)의 외면에는 유리나 플라스틱 재질로 된 투명한 전면 및 배면 기판(24a)(24b)이 각각 설치된다.Referring to the drawings, the liquid crystal display 20 is provided with alignment layers 22a and 22b on the upper and lower surfaces of the liquid crystal 21 to induce the alignment of the liquid crystal 21. On the outer surface of the alignment film 22a, first and second electrodes 23a and 23b each formed of an indium tin oxide (ITO) film are formed for use as a transparent electrode. On the outer surfaces of the first and second electrodes 23a and 23b, transparent front and back substrates 24a and 24b made of glass or plastic are respectively provided.

한편, 상기 기판(24a)(24b)의 외면에는 소정 간격 이격되게 전면 및 배면 편광판(25a)(25b)이 형성되어 있다. 그리고, 상기 전면 기판(24a)과 전면 편광판(25a) 사이에는 보상 필름(26)이 개재되고, 상기 배면 편광판(25b)의 외면에는 반사판(27)이 설치된다.Meanwhile, front and rear polarizers 25a and 25b are formed on outer surfaces of the substrates 24a and 24b to be spaced apart by a predetermined interval. In addition, a compensation film 26 is interposed between the front substrate 24a and the front polarizer 25a, and a reflection plate 27 is provided on an outer surface of the back polarizer 25b.

이때, 상기 보상 필름(26)과 상기 보상 필름(26)의 외면에 설치된 전면 편광판(25a)은 상기 전면 기판(24a), 제 1 전극(23a), 배향막(22a), 액정(21)등이 순차적으로 형성되는 것과는 달리 상호 분리가능하게 형성된다는 것이다. 즉, 상기 전면 편광판(25a)의 일면에는 보상 필름(26)이 부착된 일체형의 구조이다. 이렇게 제조된 전면 편광판(25a)과 보상 필름(26)은 상기 전면 기판(24a) 상에 착탈식으로 설치할 수 있다.In this case, the front polarizing plate 25a provided on the outer surface of the compensation film 26 and the compensation film 26 may include the front substrate 24a, the first electrode 23a, the alignment layer 22a, and the liquid crystal 21. Unlike being formed sequentially, it is formed to be separated from each other. That is, one surface of the front polarizing plate 25a has an integrated structure having a compensation film 26 attached thereto. The front polarizer 25a and the compensation film 26 manufactured as described above may be detachably installed on the front substrate 24a.

상기와 같이 구성된 액정 디스플레이(20)의 작용은 다음과 같다.The operation of the liquid crystal display 20 configured as described above is as follows.

상기 액정(21)에 전압이 인가하지 않을 때에는 나선상으로 소정 각도 비틀려서 액정 분자가 늘어져 있고, 상기 액정(21)의 상하에 액정 분자의 배향 방향에 맞추어서 전면 및 배면 편광판(25a)(25b)을 배치하면 입사광의 편광면도 뒤틀린 각도와 일치하여 회전하기 때문에 빛이 투과하여 상이 밝게 보인다.When no voltage is applied to the liquid crystal 21, the liquid crystal molecules are twisted in a spiral at a predetermined angle, and the front and rear polarizers 25a and 25b are aligned with the alignment direction of the liquid crystal molecules above and below the liquid crystal 21. When placed, the polarization plane of the incident light also rotates to coincide with the distorted angle, so light is transmitted and the image appears bright.

한편, 전압을 인가하고 있을 때에는 액정 분자가 전계 방향으로 배열하게 된다. 이때, 배면 기판(24a)에 부착된 배면 편광판(25b)을 통과한 빛은 뒤틀린 각도상태에 있는 전면 기판(24a)상에 부착된 전면 편광판(25a)을 통과하지 못하여 상이 어둡게 나타난다. 따라서, 전압의 인가 여부에 따라서 명암의 상태를 나타낼 수 있으므로 소망하는 영상을 표시할 수 있다.On the other hand, when voltage is applied, liquid crystal molecules are arranged in the electric field direction. At this time, the light passing through the rear polarizing plate 25b attached to the rear substrate 24a does not pass through the front polarizing plate 25a attached to the front substrate 24a in a warped angle state and thus the image appears dark. Therefore, since the state of contrast can be indicated depending on whether voltage is applied or not, a desired image can be displayed.

여기에서, 상기 전면 편광판(25a)의 아랫면에는 보상 필름(16)이 부착되어 있고, 이것은 상기 전면 기판(24a)과 분리가능하게 형성되어 있다. 그러므로, 상기 보상 필름(26)을 여러 가지 색상으로 교체하여 상기 전면 편광판(25a)에 부착하고, 이것을 상기 전면 기판(24a)에 설치하게 되면 다양한 색상을 나타낼 수 있다.Here, a compensation film 16 is attached to the lower surface of the front polarizing plate 25a, which is formed to be detachable from the front substrate 24a. Therefore, when the compensation film 26 is replaced with various colors and attached to the front polarizing plate 25a, and installed on the front substrate 24a, various colors can be exhibited.

이상의 설명에서와 같이 본 발명의 액정 디스플레이는 편광판과 보상 필름을 일체형으로 제조하여 기판상에 분리가능하게 설치함으로써 소망하는 여러 가지 색상의 빛을 구현할 수 있다.As described above, the liquid crystal display of the present invention may realize various colors of light by manufacturing the polarizing plate and the compensation film in one piece and installing them detachably on the substrate.

본 발명은 도면에 도시된 일 실시예를 참고로 설명되었으나 이는 예시적인 것에 불과하며, 본 기술 분야의 통상의 지식을 가진 자라면 이로부터 다양한 변형 및 균등한 타 실시예가 가능하다는 점을 이해할 것이다. 따라서 본 발명의 진정한 기술적 보호 범위는 첨부된 등록청구범위의 기술적 사상에 의해 정해져야 할 것이다.Although the present invention has been described with reference to one embodiment shown in the drawings, this is merely exemplary, and those skilled in the art will understand that various modifications and equivalent other embodiments are possible therefrom. Therefore, the true technical protection scope of the present invention will be defined by the technical spirit of the appended claims.

Claims (1)

액정층이 개재되는 밀폐 공간을 형성하는 전면 및 배면 기판과, 상기 밀폐 공간에 주입되는 액정층과, 상기 전면 기판과 배면 기판의 상호 대향되는 면에 각각 설치되는 제 1,2 전극을 포함하는 액정 셀;A liquid crystal including a front and back substrate forming an enclosed space in which a liquid crystal layer is interposed, a liquid crystal layer injected into the enclosed space, and first and second electrodes respectively provided on opposite surfaces of the front and back substrate Cell; 상기 액정 셀의 외면에 부착되는 것으로, 상기 전면 기판의 외면에 분리가능하게 부착되는 전면 편광판과, 상기 배면 기판의 외면에 부착되는 배면 편광판으로 된 편광판; 및A polarizing plate attached to an outer surface of the liquid crystal cell, the front polarizing plate detachably attached to an outer surface of the front substrate, and a rear polarizing plate attached to an outer surface of the rear substrate; And 상기 전면 기판과 전면 편광판 사이에 개재되며, 상기 전면 편광판의 아랫면에 이와 일체형으로 부착되는 보상 필름;을 포함하는 것을 특징으로 하는 액정 디스플레이.And a compensation film interposed between the front substrate and the front polarizer and integrally attached to the bottom surface of the front polarizer.
KR1019970072608A 1997-12-23 1997-12-23 Liquid crystal display KR100300399B1 (en)

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Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPH0675221A (en) * 1992-08-26 1994-03-18 Nitto Denko Corp Optical compensating film polarizing plate and liquid crystal display device
JPH06194645A (en) * 1992-12-11 1994-07-15 Nec Corp Liquid crystal display element

Patent Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPH0675221A (en) * 1992-08-26 1994-03-18 Nitto Denko Corp Optical compensating film polarizing plate and liquid crystal display device
JPH06194645A (en) * 1992-12-11 1994-07-15 Nec Corp Liquid crystal display element

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