KR100234974B1 - Capacity variable airconditioner - Google Patents

Abstract

The variable capacity air conditioner according to the present invention includes a compressor having a variable rotation speed, a first heat exchanger for condensing a high-temperature and high-pressure gas refrigerant discharged from the compressor to a liquid refrigerant, and passing through the first heat exchanger. In the variable capacity air conditioner having expansion means for expanding the liquid refrigerant to lower the temperature and pressure, and a second heat exchanger for evaporating the low pressure refrigerant passing through the expansion means into a gas refrigerant, the expansion means, A maximum operating capillary tube installed in series in the main pipe line to expand the refrigerant during maximum operation to maximize the refrigerant discharge amount from the compressor, and parallel to the main pipe line to expand the refrigerant together with the maximum operating capillary tube during rated operation. A rated operation capillary tube installed, a rated operation valve installed in the main pipe line to guide refrigerant to the rated operation capillary tube; A minimum operating capillary tube installed in parallel in the main line to expand the refrigerant together with the maximum operating capillary tube and the rated operating capillary tube during the minimum operation to minimize the amount of refrigerant discharged from the compressor, and the refrigerant with the minimum operating capillary tube Since the minimum operation valve is installed in the main pipe to induce the heat exchange capacity and energy consumption efficiency at the minimum operation of reducing the rotational speed of the compressor, the air conditioning at the maximum operation of the rotational speed of the compressor is increased. It is possible to increase the reliability of the group.

Description

Variable air conditioner

The present invention relates to a variable air conditioner including a compressor, a blower, a heat exchanger, and a capillary tube, and more particularly, to a variable air conditioner for operating a capillary used as an expansion mechanism differently in each operation. will be.

As shown in FIG. 1, a conventional variable capacity air conditioner converts a compressor (1) capable of varying the number of revolutions and a gas refrigerant of high temperature and high pressure discharged from the compressor (1) into a liquid refrigerant. A first heat exchanger (3), an expansion means (5) for expanding the liquid refrigerant passing through the first heat exchanger (3) to lower the temperature and pressure, and a low pressure refrigerant passing through the expansion means (5) And a second heat exchanger 7 for evaporating the gas into a gas refrigerant.

The expansion means 5 is of capillary tube of constant length.

The conventional capability variable type air conditioner configured as described above changes the cooling or heating capacity by increasing or decreasing the circulation amount of the refrigerant discharged from the compressor 1 by changing the rotation speed of the compressor 1 by controlling the operating frequency of the compressor 1. You can.

At this time, the maximum operation for increasing the circulation amount of the refrigerant discharged from the compressor 1 by increasing the operating frequency of the compressor 1 to increase the rotational speed of the compressor 1 is frequently performed during rapid cooling and heating.

In addition, the minimum operation in which the circulation amount of the refrigerant discharged from the compressor 1 is decreased by reducing the operating frequency of the compressor 1 to reduce the rotation speed of the compressor 1 is frequently performed in terms of energy saving.

Therefore, in the cooling operation, cooling is performed by the refrigerant cycle as shown by the solid arrows shown in FIG.

That is, the gas refrigerant of high temperature and high pressure discharged from the compressor 1 is forcibly cooled by heat exchange with air by a blower or the like not shown in the first heat exchanger 3 to change into a liquid refrigerant, and the liquid refrigerant is not shown. Through the receiver drier, the expansion means (5) is converted into a low-pressure mist state (atomization state) refrigerant and flows into the second heat exchanger (7), the mist state refrigerant introduced into the second heat exchanger (7) It is converted into a gas refrigerant by heat exchange with the surrounding air by the air blowing means not shown, the heat exchanged gas refrigerant is converted into a refrigerant gas of high temperature and high pressure in the compressor (1) to repeat the cycle described above.

At this time, the air cooled by the heat exchange with the refrigerant while passing through the second heat exchanger 7 is introduced into the room to cool the room.

Therefore, at the time of heating operation, heating is performed by the refrigerant cycle as shown by the dotted arrow shown in FIG.

That is, the high temperature and high pressure gas refrigerant discharged from the compressor 1 is forcibly cooled by heat exchange with air by a blower or the like not shown in the second heat exchanger 7 to change into a liquid refrigerant, and the liquid refrigerant is not shown. Through the receiver drier, the expansion means (5) is converted into a low-pressure fog state refrigerant and flows into the first heat exchanger (3), and the mist-free refrigerant flowed into the first heat exchanger (3) is blown (not shown). By means of heat exchange with the surrounding air to each other is converted into a gas refrigerant, the heat exchanged gas refrigerant is converted into a refrigerant gas of high temperature and high pressure in the compressor (1) to repeat the cycle described above.

At this time, the air warmed by the heat exchange with the refrigerant while passing through the second heat exchanger 7 is introduced into the room to heat the room.

However, in the conventional capability variable type air conditioner configured as described above, the circulation amount of the refrigerant discharged from the compressor 1 is increased by increasing the operating frequency of the compressor 1 and increasing the rotation speed of the compressor 1 during the cooling operation. At the maximum operation, the external temperature of the second heat exchanger 7 was excessively lowered, resulting in a low reliability of the air conditioner.

In addition, during the cold operation, the expansion frequency of the refrigerant is reduced in the expansion means 5 during the minimum operation in which the circulation frequency of the refrigerant discharged from the compressor 1 is reduced by reducing the rotational frequency of the compressor 1 by reducing the operating frequency of the compressor 1. Since it does not expand properly, there was a problem that the heat exchange capacity and energy consumption efficiency is low.

Accordingly, the present invention has been made to solve the above problems, and an object of the present invention is not only to improve heat exchange capacity and energy consumption efficiency at the minimum operation of reducing the rotational speed of the compressor, but also at the maximum operation of increasing the rotational speed of the compressor. The present invention provides a variable air conditioner capable of increasing the reliability of an air conditioner.

The variable capacity air conditioner according to the present invention made to achieve the above object is a compressor having a variable speed, and a first heat exchanger for condensing the high-temperature and high-pressure gas refrigerant discharged from the compressor to a liquid refrigerant, Expansion means for expanding the liquid refrigerant passing through the first heat exchanger to lower the temperature and pressure, and a second heat exchanger having a second heat exchanger for evaporating the low-pressure refrigerant passing through the expansion means into a gas refrigerant The expansion means is configured to expand the refrigerant together with the maximum operation capillary tube installed in series in the main pipe to expand the refrigerant during the maximum operation to maximize the amount of refrigerant discharged from the compressor, and the maximum operation capillary tube during the rated operation. The capillary tube for rated operation and the capillary tube for rating operation Minimum operation valve installed in the main pipeline and the minimum operation installed in parallel in the main pipeline to expand the refrigerant together with the maximum operation capillary tube and the rated operation capillary tube during the minimum operation to minimize the amount of refrigerant discharged from the compressor. And a capillary tube and a valve for minimum operation installed in the main line to guide the refrigerant to the capillary tube for minimum operation.

The variable capacity air conditioner according to the present invention includes a compressor capable of varying the number of revolutions, a first heat exchanger for condensing the high temperature and high pressure gas refrigerant discharged from the compressor to a liquid refrigerant, and the first heat exchanger. An expansion means comprising: expansion means for expanding the liquid refrigerant passing through to lower the temperature and pressure, and a second heat exchanger for evaporating the low pressure refrigerant passing through the expansion means into a gas refrigerant. The main capillary is installed in series in the main pipe, the auxiliary capillary pipe installed in parallel to the main pipe, characterized in that it comprises a valve installed in the main pipe to guide the refrigerant to the auxiliary capillary.

1 is a refrigerant flow diagram of a conventional capability variable air conditioner.

2 is a refrigerant flow diagram of a variable capacity air conditioner according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention.

3 is a refrigerant flow chart of a variable capacity air conditioner according to Embodiment 2 of the present invention.

* Explanation of symbols for main parts of the drawings

1: compressor 3: first heat exchanger

7: second heat exchanger 10, 10a: expansion means

11: capillary tube for maximum operation 11a: main capillary tube

13: capillary tube for rated operation 13a: auxiliary capillary tube

15: valve for rated operation 15a: valve

17: capillary tube for minimum operation 19: valve for minimum operation

P, P1: Main route P2: Auxiliary route

Pa1, Pa2: first and second auxiliary pipe

Example 1

EMBODIMENT OF THE INVENTION Hereinafter, with reference to FIG. 2 of an accompanying drawing, Example 1 of this invention is demonstrated in detail.

In the drawings, the same components as those in the related art are denoted by the same names and the same reference numerals, and detailed description thereof will be omitted.

As shown in FIG. 2, the first heat exchanger 3 for condensing and converting the high temperature and high pressure gas refrigerant discharged from the compressor 1 into a liquid refrigerant, and the refrigerant passing through the first heat exchanger 3 An expansion means 10 is installed between the second heat exchanger 7 for evaporating the gas into a gas refrigerant to expand the liquid refrigerant passing through the first heat exchanger 3 to lower the temperature and pressure.

The expansion means 10, the maximum operation capillary tube 11 installed in series in the main pipe p to expand the refrigerant during the maximum operation to maximize the amount of refrigerant discharged from the compressor 1, and the rated operation The rated operation capillary tube 13 and the rated operation capillary tube 13 installed separately from the main pipe line p through the first auxiliary pipe line pa1 to expand the refrigerant together with the capillary tube 11 for maximum operation. Rated driving valve (15) installed in the main pipe (p) and the maximum operating capillary tube (11) and the rated operation capillary tube (l) during the minimum operation to minimize the amount of refrigerant discharged from the compressor to guide the refrigerant to 13) to guide the refrigerant to the minimum operation capillary tube 17 and the minimum operation capillary tube 17 installed in parallel to the main pipe p via a second auxiliary pipe line (pa2) to expand the refrigerant. It consists of the valve 19 for minimum operation provided in the said main pipe p so that it may be.

Next, the operation and effect according to the first embodiment of the present invention configured as described above will be described.

The air conditioner may be operated in the cooling operation or the heating operation as indicated by the solid and dashed lines in FIG. 2, but only the cooling operation in which the refrigerant flows in the direction indicated by the solid line will be described.

In the rated cooling operation, the compressor is operated at the normal frequency and the rated operation valve 15 is closed and the minimum operation valve 19 is opened.

Therefore, the high temperature and high pressure gas refrigerant discharged from the compressor 1 is cooled by heat exchange with air in the first heat exchanger 3 to change into liquid refrigerant, and the liquid refrigerant is capillary tube for maximum operation of the expansion means 10. While passing through 11 and the capillary tube 13 for rated operation, the refrigerant is converted into a low-pressure fog refrigerant, and most of the refrigerant flows into the second heat exchanger 7 through the valve 19 for minimum operation.

At this time, the pipe diameter of the minimum operation capillary tube 17 is small enough to be negligible based on the internal diameter of the pipeline for which the minimum operation valve 19 is installed, and the refrigerant passing through the minimum operation capillary tube 17 may be ignored.

Therefore, the refrigerant is normally expanded so that the superheat degree of the refrigerant at the point past the second heat exchanger 7 is appropriate.

The mist-like refrigerant introduced into the second heat exchanger 7 is converted into a gas refrigerant by heat-exchanging with surrounding air, and the heat-exchanged gas refrigerant is converted into a refrigerant gas of high temperature and high pressure in the compressor 1 and Repeat the described cycle.

At this time, the air cooled by the heat exchange with the refrigerant while passing through the second heat exchanger 7 is introduced into the room to cool the room.

In the maximum cooling operation in which the heat exchange capacity is maximized, the number of revolutions of the compressor is increased to increase the refrigerant discharge flow rate of the compressor, and at the same time, the rated operation valve 15 and the minimum operation valve 19 are opened.

Therefore, the high temperature and high pressure gas refrigerant discharged from the compressor 1 is cooled by heat exchange with air in the first heat exchanger 3 to be converted into liquid refrigerant, and the actite refrigerant is a capillary tube for maximum operation of the expansion means 10. While passing through (11), the refrigerant is converted into a low-pressure fog state refrigerant, and most of the refrigerant flows into the second heat exchanger 7 sequentially through the rated operation valve 15 and the minimum operation valve 19.

At this time, the pipe inner diameter of the capillary tube 13 for the rated operation and the capillary tube 17 for the minimum operation is negligibly smaller than the pipe inner diameter where the valve 15 and the valve 19 for minimum operation are installed. The refrigerant passing through the capillary 13 and the capillary tube 17 for minimum operation can be ignored.

Thus, the expansion of the refrigerant is reduced to prevent excessive temperature drop outside the evaporator.

The mist-like refrigerant introduced into the second heat exchanger 7 is converted into a gas refrigerant by heat-exchanging with surrounding air, and the heat-exchanged gas refrigerant is converted into a refrigerant gas of high temperature and high pressure in the compressor 1 and Repeat the described cycle.

At this time, the air cooled by the heat exchange with the refrigerant while passing through the second heat exchanger 7 is introduced into the room to cool the room.

On the other hand, in the minimum cooling operation to minimize the heat exchange capacity, the number of rotations of the compressor is reduced to reduce the refrigerant discharge flow rate of the compressor, and at the same time, the rated operation valve 15 and the minimum operation valve 19 are closed.

Therefore, the high temperature and high pressure gas refrigerant discharged from the compressor 1 is cooled by heat exchange with air in the first heat exchanger 3 to change into liquid refrigerant, and the liquid refrigerant is capillary tube for maximum operation of the expansion means 10. (11) While passing through the non-minimum operation capillary tube 17 sequentially, the rated operation capillary 13 is converted into a low-pressure fog state refrigerant and flows into the second heat exchanger 7.

At this time, since the rated operation valve 15 and the minimum operation valve 19 are closed, all of the refrigerant passing through the main capillary tube 11 sequentially passes through the rated operation capillary tube 13 and the minimum operation capillary tube 17. Will pass.

Therefore, the degree of expansion of the refrigerant increases, so that the superheat degree of the refrigerant passing through the second heat exchanger 7 is increased, thereby increasing heat exchange capacity and improving energy consumption efficiency.

The refrigerant in the mist state introduced into the second heat exchanger 7 is changed into gas refrigerant while being exchanged with the surrounding air, and the heat exchanged gas refrigerant is converted into a refrigerant gas of high temperature and high pressure in the compressor 1, Repeat the cycle.

At this time, the air cooled by the heat exchange with the refrigerant while passing through the second heat exchanger 7 is introduced into the room to cool the room.

Table 1 is a table comparing the capacity-variable air conditioners according to the conventional example and the capacity-variable type air conditioners according to one embodiment of the present invention in a minimum cooling operation state.

This experiment was carried out under the following experimental conditions.

Power supply: 60Hz, 1 phase, 220V

Compressor operating frequency: 30Hz

Heat exchange capacity setting value (Q Set): 200Kcal / h

Power Set Point (W Set): 750W

As shown in Table 1, the capacity variable type air conditioner according to the example of the present invention during the minimum cooling operation compared to the capacity variable type air conditioner according to the conventional example, the heat exchange capacity is increased by about 3% based on the setting value, energy efficiency It can be seen that 0.06 Kcal / hW increased.

[Effects of the Invention]

As described above, according to the variable capacity air conditioner according to the first embodiment of the present invention, the reliability of the air conditioner is improved by preventing excessive temperature drop outside the heat exchanger (evaporator) during the maximum operation to increase the amount of refrigerant circulation. In addition, during the minimum operation of reducing the circulation amount of the refrigerant, it is possible to increase the heat exchange capacity and energy consumption efficiency by appropriately expanding the refrigerant.

Example 2

Embodiment 2 of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to FIG.

In the drawings, the same components as those of the first embodiment according to the present invention and the present invention are denoted by the same names and the same reference numerals, and detailed description thereof will be omitted.

As shown in FIG. 3, the expansion means 10a is installed in parallel to the main pipe line P1 via the main capillary pipe 11a installed in series with the main pipe line P1 and the auxiliary pipe line P2. The auxiliary capillary tube 13a and the valve 15a provided in the said main pipe line P1 so that a refrigerant | coolant may be guide | induced to the said auxiliary capillary tube 13a are comprised.

Next, the operation and effect according to the second embodiment of the present invention configured as described above will be described.

The air conditioner may be operated in the cooling operation or the heating operation as shown in FIG. 3 by the solid flow and the dotted line. In this description, only the cooling operation in which the refrigerant flows in the direction indicated by the solid line.

In the normal cooling operation, the compressor is operated at the normal frequency and the valve 15a is opened.

Therefore, the high temperature and high pressure gas refrigerant discharged from the compressor 1 is cooled by heat exchange with air in the first heat exchanger 3 to be converted into liquid refrigerant, and most of the liquid refrigerant is the main capillary tube of the expansion means 10a. While passing through 11a, it is converted into a low-pressure fog refrigerant and flows into the second heat exchanger 7 through the valve 15a.

At this time, since the pipe inner diameter of the auxiliary capillary tube 13a is negligibly small compared to the pipe inner diameter where the valve 15a is installed, the refrigerant passing through the auxiliary capillary tube 13a may be ignored.

Therefore, the refrigerant is normally expanded so that the superheat degree of the refrigerant at the point past the second heat exchanger 7 is appropriate.

The mist-like refrigerant introduced into the second heat exchanger 7 is converted into a gas refrigerant by heat-exchanging with surrounding air, and the heat-exchanged gas refrigerant is converted into a refrigerant gas of high temperature and high pressure in the compressor 1 and Repeat the described cycle.

At this time, the air cooled by the heat exchange with the refrigerant while passing through the second heat exchanger 7 is introduced into the room to cool the room.

On the other hand, in the minimum cooling operation for minimizing the heat exchange capacity, the rotation speed of the compressor is reduced to reduce the refrigerant discharge flow rate of the compressor and at the same time close the valve 15a.

Therefore, the high temperature and high pressure gas refrigerant discharged from the compressor 1 is cooled by heat exchange with air in the first heat exchanger 3 to be converted into liquid refrigerant, and most of the liquid refrigerant is the main capillary tube of the expansion means 10a. While sequentially passing through 11a and the auxiliary capillary tube 13a, the refrigerant is converted into a low-pressure fog refrigerant and flows into the second heat exchanger 7 through the valve 15a.

At this time, since the valve 15a is closed, all of the refrigerant passing through the main capillary tube 11a passes through the auxiliary capillary tube 13a.

Therefore, the degree of expansion of the refrigerant increases, so that the superheat degree of the refrigerant passing through the second heat exchanger 7 increases, thereby increasing the heat exchange capacity and improving energy efficiency.

The mist-like refrigerant introduced into the second heat exchanger 7 is converted into a gas refrigerant by heat-exchanging with surrounding air, and the heat-exchanged gas refrigerant is converted into a refrigerant gas of high temperature and high pressure in the compressor 1 and Repeat the described cycle.

At this time, the air cooled by the heat exchange with the refrigerant while passing through the second heat exchanger 7 is introduced into the room to cool the room.

Table 2 is a chart comparing the capacity-variable type air conditioners according to the conventional example and the capacity-variable type air conditioners according to one embodiment of the present invention in a minimum cooling operation state.

This experiment was carried out under the following experimental conditions.

Power supply: 60Hz, 1 phase, 220V

Compressor operating frequency: 35Hz

Heat exchange capacity set value (Q Set): 2500 Kcal / h

Power Set Point (W Set): 1200W

As shown in Table 2, the capacity variable type air conditioner according to the example of the present invention during the minimum cooling operation, the heat exchange capacity is increased by about 5.2% based on the setting value compared to the capacity variable type air conditioner according to the conventional example, the energy efficiency It can be seen that 0.06 Kcal / hW increased.

As described above, according to the variable capacity air conditioner according to the second embodiment of the present invention, the heat exchange capacity is increased by flowing the refrigerant to the auxiliary capillary during the minimum operation in which the rotation speed of the compressor is reduced to reduce the refrigerant discharge flow rate of the compressor. In addition, the energy consumption efficiency is improved.

Claims (2)

A compressor capable of varying the rotation speed, a first heat exchanger for condensing the high temperature and high pressure gas refrigerant discharged from the compressor to a liquid refrigerant, and expanding the liquid refrigerant passing through the first heat exchanger to lower the temperature and pressure And a second heat exchanger for evaporating the low pressure refrigerant passing through the expansion means and converting the refrigerant into a gas refrigerant, wherein the expansion means is configured to maximize the amount of refrigerant discharged from the compressor. A maximum operating capillary tube installed in series in the main pipe line to expand the refrigerant during operation, a rated driving capillary tube installed in parallel in the main pipe line to expand the refrigerant together with the maximum operating capillary tube in rated operation, and the rated operation The rated operation valve installed in the main pipe to guide the refrigerant to the capillary for supplying the refrigerant, and the amount of refrigerant discharged from the compressor are minimized. Minimum operation capillary tube installed in parallel in the main line to expand the refrigerant together with the maximum operation capillary tube and the rated operation capillary tube during the small operation, and the minimum operation installed in the main line to guide the refrigerant to the minimum operation capillary tube A variable air conditioner having a valve for use. A compressor capable of varying the number of revolutions, a first heat exchanger for condensing the high temperature and high pressure gas refrigerant discharged from the compressor to a liquid liquefied refrigerant, and expanding the liquid refrigerant passing through the first heat exchanger to lower the temperature and pressure A variable air conditioner having an expansion means for discharging and a second heat exchanger for evaporating a low pressure refrigerant passing through the expansion means into a gas refrigerant, the expansion means includes: a main capillary tube installed in series in a main pipe; And an auxiliary capillary tube installed in parallel to the main pipeline, and a valve installed in the main pipeline to guide refrigerant to the auxiliary capillary tube.

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