KR100218469B1 - Defrost system of heat pump - Google Patents

Defrost system of heat pump Download PDF

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Publication number
KR100218469B1
KR100218469B1 KR1019970007608A KR19970007608A KR100218469B1 KR 100218469 B1 KR100218469 B1 KR 100218469B1 KR 1019970007608 A KR1019970007608 A KR 1019970007608A KR 19970007608 A KR19970007608 A KR 19970007608A KR 100218469 B1 KR100218469 B1 KR 100218469B1
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South Korea
Prior art keywords
heat exchanger
refrigerant
outdoor heat
compressor
way valve
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KR1019970007608A
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Korean (ko)
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KR19980072689A (en
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유승광
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구자홍
엘지전자주식회사
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Priority to KR1019970007608A priority Critical patent/KR100218469B1/en
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B47/00—Arrangements for preventing or removing deposits or corrosion, not provided for in another subclass
    • F25B47/02—Defrosting cycles
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B41/00—Fluid-circulation arrangements
    • F25B41/20—Disposition of valves, e.g. of on-off valves or flow control valves
    • F25B41/22—Disposition of valves, e.g. of on-off valves or flow control valves between evaporator and compressor
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B41/00—Fluid-circulation arrangements
    • F25B41/20—Disposition of valves, e.g. of on-off valves or flow control valves
    • F25B41/26—Disposition of valves, e.g. of on-off valves or flow control valves of fluid flow reversing valves
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B2700/00—Sensing or detecting of parameters; Sensors therefor
    • F25B2700/21—Temperatures
    • F25B2700/2103—Temperatures near a heat exchanger
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02B—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO BUILDINGS, e.g. HOUSING, HOUSE APPLIANCES OR RELATED END-USER APPLICATIONS
    • Y02B30/00—Energy efficient heating, ventilation or air conditioning [HVAC]

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
  • Air Conditioning Control Device (AREA)

Abstract

본 발명에 의한 냉난방기기의 제상장치는 압축기와 실내측 열교환기 및 실외측 열교환기가 냉매순환라인으로 연결되며, 상기 압축기와 실내측 열교환기 및 실외측 열교환기의 사이에는 난방운전모드와 냉방운전모드로 전환하는 4- 웨이밸브를 설치하고, 상기 압축기의 흡입단과 상기 4-웨이밸브를 연결하여 냉매복귀관을 설치한 냉난방기기에 있어서, 상기 실외측 열교환기의 온도를 검지 하는 온도검지수단과, 상기 실내측 열교환기와 실외측 열교환기 사이에 설치되어 난방운전시에는 실내측 열교환기를 통과하여 실외측 열교환기로 유동하는 냉매를 감압하지 않도록 제어되는 전자 팽창변과, 상기 실외측 열교환기와 4-웨이밸브를 연결하는 냉매순환라인에 3-웨이밸브를 통하여 연결됨과 아울러 상기 냉매복귀관의 사이에 연결되는 분기관과, 상기 온도검지수단의 검지신호에 따라 전자 팽창변의 개도를 조절함과 아울러 상기 3-웨이밸브의 방향을 제어하는 제어부와, 상기 분기관의 도중에 설치되어 제상운전시 실외측 열교환기를 거쳐 냉매복귀관으로 복귀되는 냉매를 감압시키는 팽창기구와, 상기 분기관의 도중에 형성되어 상기 압축기의 토출단의 냉매순환라인에 감겨져 액압축을 방지하는 냉매열교환기를 구비하여 실외측 열교환기측 즉 증발기에 생기는 서리로 안한 능력저하 및 제상시의 불쾌감을 없애기 위해, 서리 발생 시 상기 전자식 팽창변의 개도를 크게 하여 고온, 고압의 냉매를 직접 증발기로 통과시켜 제상을 하고, 실외측 열교환기 하단에 팽창기구를 설치하여 제상작용을 한 냉매의 압력을 떨어뜨려 압축기의 토출 가스와 열교환이 가능하도록 냉매열교환기를 통과시켜 냉매를 완전히 증발시켜 가스상태로 압축기로 유입 되도록 함으로써, 서리 발생에 따른 성능 저하의 개선과 냉난방운전절환에 따른 효율 감소를 방지하거나 줄일 수 있어 고효율 운전이 가능하도록 하였다.In the defrosting apparatus of an air conditioner according to the present invention, a compressor, an indoor side heat exchanger, and an outdoor side heat exchanger are connected to a refrigerant circulation line, and a heating operation mode and an air conditioning operation mode between the compressor, the indoor side heat exchanger, and the outdoor side heat exchanger. In the air-conditioning apparatus provided with a 4-way valve for switching to the suction, and the refrigerant return pipe is connected to the suction end of the compressor and the 4-way valve, the temperature detecting means for detecting the temperature of the outdoor heat exchanger; An electronic expansion valve installed between the indoor heat exchanger and the outdoor heat exchanger and controlled so as not to decompress refrigerant flowing through the indoor heat exchanger to the outdoor heat exchanger during the heating operation, and the outdoor heat exchanger and the 4-way valve. A branch pipe connected to the refrigerant circulation line through a three-way valve and connected between the refrigerant return pipes; The control unit controls the opening degree of the electromagnetic expansion valve according to the detection signal of the temperature detecting means and controls the direction of the 3-way valve, and is installed in the middle of the branch pipe and returns to the refrigerant return pipe through the outdoor heat exchanger during defrosting operation. An expansion mechanism for depressurizing the refrigerant, and a refrigerant heat exchanger formed in the middle of the branch pipe and wound around the refrigerant circulation line at the discharge end of the compressor to prevent liquid compression, thereby reducing the frost caused by the outdoor heat exchanger side, that is, the evaporator. And in order to eliminate the unpleasant feeling during defrosting, when the frost occurs, the opening degree of the electronic expansion valve is increased to pass the high-temperature, high-pressure refrigerant directly to the evaporator to defrost, and the expansion mechanism is installed at the bottom of the outdoor heat exchanger to perform defrosting. Refrigerant is passed through the refrigerant heat exchanger so that the pressure of the refrigerant is reduced to exchange heat with the discharge gas of the compressor. By completely evaporating and flowing into the compressor in a gaseous state, it is possible to prevent or reduce the performance degradation due to frost and to reduce or reduce the efficiency due to switching between heating and cooling.

Description

냉난방기기의 제상장치Defroster of Air Conditioning Equipment

본 발명은 냉난방기기의 제상장치에 관한 것으로, 특히 실외측 열교환기 즉 증발기에 생기는 서리로 인한 능력저하 및 제상시의 불쾌감을 없애기 위해, 서리 발생시 전자식 팽창기구의 개도를 크게 하여 고온, 고압의 냉매를 직접 증발기로 통과시켜 제상을 하고, 실외측 열교환기 하단에 팽창기구를 설치하여 제상작용을 한 냉매의 압력을 떨어뜨려 압축기의 토출 가스와 열교환이 가능하도록 냉매열교환기를 통과시켜 냉매를 완전히 증발시켜 가스상태로 압축기로 유입되도록 함으로써, 서리 발생에 따른 성능 저하의 개선과 냉난방운전절환에 따른 효율 감소를 방지하거나 줄일 수 있어 고효율 운전이 가능하도록 한 냉난방기기의 제상장치에 관한 것이다.The present invention relates to a defrosting device for an air conditioning and heating device. In particular, in order to eliminate the discomfort during defrost and deterioration caused by frost generated in an outdoor heat exchanger, that is, an evaporator, a high-temperature, high-pressure refrigerant is formed by increasing the opening degree of the electronic expansion mechanism during frost occurrence. Through the evaporator directly to defrost, and by installing an expansion mechanism at the bottom of the outdoor heat exchanger to reduce the pressure of the defrosting refrigerant through the refrigerant heat exchanger to exchange heat with the discharge gas of the compressor to completely evaporate the refrigerant The present invention relates to a defrosting device for an air conditioning and heating device that enables high efficiency operation by allowing the gas to flow into the compressor, thereby preventing or reducing the performance degradation caused by the occurrence of frost and the reduction of the efficiency due to the heating and cooling operation switching.

종래의 기술에 의한 냉난방기기의 제상장치는 도1에 도시한 바와 같이, 난방운전시 실외측 열교환기(4)에 서리가 생길 경우 난방운전중에 4-웨이밸브(4way valve)(5)를 작동시켜 사이클을 역사이클인 냉방사이클 운전을 한다. 즉 제상운전을 하게 된다. 이렇게 되면 실외측 열교환기(4)가 증발기에서 응축기로 역할이 바뀌면서 압축기(1)로부터의 고온, 고압의 냉매가 실외측 열교환기(4)로 유입되기 때문에 서리의 제거가 된다. 이 때 실내측 열교환기(2)는 증발기로 역할이 바뀌기 때문에 실내측이 난방이 되지 않아 재실자에게 불쾌감을 줄 수 있다. 이렇게 하여 제상을 한 후 다시 난방사이클로 환원하여 난방운전을 한다.As shown in FIG. 1, the defrosting apparatus of a conventional heating and cooling device operates a 4-way valve (5) during heating operation when frost occurs in the outdoor heat exchanger (4) during heating operation. Cycle to reverse cooling cycle operation. That is, the defrosting operation. In this case, since the outdoor side heat exchanger 4 changes the role from the evaporator to the condenser, frost is removed since the high temperature and high pressure refrigerant from the compressor 1 flows into the outdoor side heat exchanger 4. At this time, since the indoor side heat exchanger 2 changes its role as an evaporator, the indoor side may not be heated and may cause discomfort to the occupants. After defrosting in this way, the heating cycle is reduced again by heating cycle.

도면중 미설명 부호 3은 팽창기구인 모세관을 나타낸다.In the figure, reference numeral 3 denotes a capillary tube which is an expansion mechanism.

종래의 기술에 의한 냉난방기기의 제상장치는 상기에 언급한 바와 같이, 난방운전중에 제상을 위해 난방을 중지하고 냉방사이클로 운전하기에 재실자에게 난방이 중지되어 불쾌감을 주게 되는 문제점이 있었다.As described above, the defrosting apparatus for a heating and cooling device according to the prior art has a problem in that heating is stopped for defrosting during heating operation and heating is stopped for the occupants to operate in a cooling cycle.

본 발명의 목적은 상기와 같은 문제점을 고려하여 안출한 것으로, 서리 발생시 전자식 팽창기구의 개도를 크게 하여 고온, 고압의 냉매를 직접 증발기로 통과시켜 제상을 하고, 실외측 열교환기 하단에 팽창기구를 설치하여 제상작용을 한 냉매의 압력을 떨어뜨려 압축기의 토출가스와 열교환이 가능하도록 냉매열교환기를 통과시켜 냉매를 완전히 증발시켜 가스상태로 압축기로 유입되도록 함으로써, 서리 발생에 따른 성능 저하의 개선과 냉난방운전절환에 따른 효율 감소를 방지하거나 줄일 수 있어 고효율 운전이 가능하도록 한 냉난방기기의 제상장치를 제공함에 있다.It is an object of the present invention to devise in consideration of the above problems, when the frost occurs by opening the electronic expansion mechanism to increase the high-temperature, high-pressure refrigerant directly through the evaporator to defrost, the expansion mechanism at the bottom of the outdoor heat exchanger Installed to reduce the pressure of the defrosting refrigerant to pass through the refrigerant heat exchanger to exchange heat with the discharge gas of the compressor to completely evaporate the refrigerant to enter the compressor in the gas state, improving the performance degradation caused by frost generation and cooling and heating An object of the present invention is to provide a defrosting device for a heating / cooling device, which can prevent or reduce efficiency reduction due to operation switching, thereby enabling high efficiency operation.

제1도는 종래의 기술에 의한 냉난방기기를 나타내는 구성도.1 is a block diagram showing a heating and cooling device according to the prior art.

제2도는 본 발명에 의한 냉난방기기를 나타내는 구성도.2 is a block diagram showing a heating and cooling device according to the present invention.

* 도면의 주요부분에 대한 부호의 설명* Explanation of symbols for main parts of the drawings

1 : 압축기 2 : 실내측 열교환기1: compressor 2: indoor side heat exchanger

4 : 실외측 열교환기 5 : 4-웨이밸브4: outdoor side heat exchanger 5: 4-way valve

31 : 전자팽창변 32 : 온도검지수단31: electronic expansion edge 32: temperature detection means

33 : 3-웨이밸브 34 : 분기관33: 3-way valve 34: branch pipe

35 : 팽창기구 36 : 냉매열교환기35 expansion mechanism 36 refrigerant heat exchanger

37 : 제어부37: control unit

이러한, 본 발명의 목적은 압축기와 실내측 열교환기 및 실외측 열교환기가 냉매순환라인으로 연결되며, 상기 압축기와 실내측 열교환기 및 실외측 열교환기의 사이에는 난방운전모드와 냉방운전모드로 전환하는 4-웨이밸브를 설치하고, 상기 압축기의 흡입단과 상기 4-웨이밸브를 연결하여 냉매복귀관을 설치한 냉난방기기에 있어서, 상기 실외측 열교환기의 온도를 검지하는 온도검지수단과, 상기 실내측 열교환기와 실외측 열교환기 사이에 설치되어 난방운전시에는 실내측 열교환기를 통과하여 실외측 열교환기로 유동하는 냉매를 감압하고 실외측 열교환기의 제상운전시에는 실내측 열교환기를 통과하여 실외측 열교환기로 유동하는 냉매를 감압하지 않도록 제어되는 전자팽창변과, 상기 실외측 열교환기와 4-웨이밸브를 연결하는 냉매순환라인에 3-웨이밸브를 통하여 연결됨과 아울러 상기 냉매복귀관의 사이에 연결되는 분기관과, 상기 온도검지수단의 검지신호에 따라 전자팽창변의 개도를 조절함과 아울러 상기 3-웨이밸브의 방향을 제어하는 제어부와, 상기 분기관의 도중에 설치되어 제상운전시 실외측 열 교환기를 거쳐 냉매복귀관으로 복귀되는 냉매를 감압시키는 팽창기구와, 상기 분기관의 도중에 형성되어 상기 압축기의 토출단의 냉매순환라인에 감겨져 액압축을 방지하는 냉매열교환기를 구비하여서 됨을 특징으로 하는 냉난방기기의 제상장치에 의해 달성된다.The object of the present invention is that the compressor, the indoor side heat exchanger and the outdoor side heat exchanger are connected to the refrigerant circulation line, and between the compressor, the indoor side heat exchanger and the outdoor side heat exchanger is switched to the heating operation mode and the cooling operation mode. In a cooling and heating device provided with a four-way valve and connected to the suction end of the compressor and the four-way valve, a refrigerant return pipe, comprising: temperature detecting means for detecting a temperature of the outdoor side heat exchanger, and the indoor side It is installed between the heat exchanger and the outdoor heat exchanger to reduce the refrigerant flowing through the indoor heat exchanger to the outdoor heat exchanger during the heating operation, and to flow the outdoor heat exchanger through the indoor heat exchanger during the defrosting operation of the outdoor heat exchanger. An electronic expansion valve controlled to not depressurize the refrigerant, and a refrigerant circulation line connecting the outdoor heat exchanger and the 4-way valve A branch pipe connected between the refrigerant return pipe and the refrigerant return pipe, and an opening degree of the electromagnetic expansion side is controlled according to a detection signal of the temperature detecting means, and the direction of the three-way valve is controlled. An expansion mechanism which is installed in the middle of the branch pipe and reduces the refrigerant returned to the refrigerant return pipe through an outdoor heat exchanger during the defrosting operation, and a refrigerant circulation line formed at the middle of the branch pipe in the outlet of the compressor. It is achieved by a defrosting device of a heating and cooling device, characterized in that it comprises a refrigerant heat exchanger which is wound around to prevent liquid compression.

이하, 본 발명에 의한 냉난방기기의 제상장치를 첨부도면에 도시한 실시예에 따라서 설명한다.Hereinafter, the defrosting apparatus of the air conditioner according to the present invention will be described according to the embodiment shown in the accompanying drawings.

도 2도는 본 발명에 의한 냉난방기기를 나타내는 구성도를 보인 것으로, 도면에서 1은 압축기, 2는 실내측 열교환기, 4는 실외측 열교환기, 5는 4-웨이밸브이며, L1은 상기 압축기(1), 실내측 열교환기(2), 실외측 열교환기(4) 및 4-웨이밸브(5)를 연결하는 냉매순환라인이다.2 is a block diagram showing a heating and cooling device according to the present invention, in which 1 is a compressor, 2 is an indoor side heat exchanger, 4 is an outdoor side heat exchanger, 5 is a 4-way valve, and L1 is the compressor (1). ), A refrigerant circulation line connecting the indoor side heat exchanger (2), the outdoor side heat exchanger (4) and the four-way valve (5).

상기 실외측 열교환기(4)에는 그 온도를 검지하는 온도검지수단(32)이 설치된다.The outdoor side heat exchanger 4 is provided with a temperature detecting means 32 for detecting the temperature.

상기 실내측 열교환기(2)와 실외측 열교환기(4)의 사이에는 전자 팽창변(31)이 설치된다. 상기 전자 팽창변(31)은 난방운전시에는 실내측 열교환기(2)를 통과하여 실외측 열교환기(4)로 유동하는 냉매를 감압하고 실외측 열교환기(4)의 제상운전시에는 실내측 열교환기(2)를 통과하여 실외측 열교환기(4)로 유동하는 냉매를 감압하지 않도록 제어되는 것이다.An electronic expansion valve 31 is installed between the indoor side heat exchanger 2 and the outdoor side heat exchanger 4. The electronic expansion valve 31 reduces the refrigerant flowing through the indoor heat exchanger (2) during the heating operation to the outdoor heat exchanger (4) and during the defrost operation of the outdoor heat exchanger (4), the indoor heat exchanger. The refrigerant flowing through the gas (2) to the outdoor heat exchanger (4) is controlled so as not to depressurize.

상기 실외측 열교환기(4)와 4-웨이밸브(5)를 연결하는 냉매순환라인(L1)과 냉매복귀관(L2)의 사이에는 분기관(34)이 연결된다. 상기 분기관(34)의 도중에는 팽창기구(35)가 설치된다.A branch pipe 34 is connected between the refrigerant circulation line L1 connecting the outdoor side heat exchanger 4 and the four-way valve 5 and the refrigerant return pipe L2. An expansion mechanism 35 is installed in the middle of the branch pipe 34.

상기 전자팽창변(31)은 상기 온도검지수단(32)의 검지신호에 따라 그 개도가 조절되는 것으로 이는 제어부(37)에 의하여 제어된다. 또한 상기 제어부(37)는 3-웨이밸브(32)의 방향을 제어한다.The opening degree of the electronic expansion edge 31 is adjusted according to the detection signal of the temperature detection means 32, which is controlled by the controller 37. In addition, the control unit 37 controls the direction of the three-way valve (32).

상기 분기관의 도중에는 냉매열교환기(36)가 형성되어 상기 압축기(1)의 토출단의 냉매순환라인(L1)에 감겨져 액압축을 방지하도록 되어있다.A refrigerant heat exchanger 36 is formed in the middle of the branch pipe and wound around the refrigerant circulation line L1 at the discharge end of the compressor 1 to prevent liquid compression.

이와 같이 구성된 본 발명에 의한 냉난방기기의 제상장치의 작용을 설명하면 다음과 같다.Referring to the operation of the defrosting device of the heating and cooling device according to the present invention configured as described above are as follows.

압축기(1), 실내측 열교환기(2), 실외측 열교환기(4), 전자팽창변(31), 4-웨이밸브(5)로 구성되는 냉난방기기에 있어서, 난방운전시에는 실외측 열교환기(4)에서 증발된 냉매가스가 압축기(1)에 유입되어 고온, 고압 상태의 냉매로 되어 실내열교환기(2)로 유입된다. 이곳에서 실내공기로 열을 내놓으며 응축되고 팽창장치인 전자팽창변(31)에서 감압된 후 다시 실외측 열교환기(4), 압축기(1)순으로 사이클을 이루며 운전된다.In the air-conditioning apparatus consisting of the compressor (1), the indoor side heat exchanger (2), the outdoor side heat exchanger (4), the electromagnetic expansion valve (31), and the four-way valve (5), the outdoor heat exchanger at the time of heating operation The refrigerant gas evaporated in (4) flows into the compressor (1) and becomes a refrigerant in a high temperature and high pressure state and flows into the indoor heat exchanger (2). Here, the air is condensed out by indoor air, and the pressure is reduced in the electronic expansion valve 31, which is an expansion device, and then cycled in the order of the outdoor heat exchanger 4 and the compressor 1 again.

이러한 난방운전이 계속되면 실외측 열교환기(4) 표면에 서리가 생기게 되는데 이렇게 되면 열교환기에서 열교환능력이 저하하여 난방이 곤란해진다.If such heating operation is continued, frost is generated on the surface of the outdoor heat exchanger 4, which causes the heat exchange capacity of the heat exchanger to decrease, making heating difficult.

본 발명에서는 이렇게 서리가 생기면 검지수단(32)에 의해서 전자팽창변(31)의 개도를 최대한 크게 하여 고온, 고압의 냉매를 응축시키지 않고 직접 실외측 열교환기(4)로 보내 서리를 제거한다. 이러한 제상작용을 하면서 실외측 열교환기를 통과하면 냉매가 아직 2상(two phase)상태이기 때문에 팽창기구(35)를 통과하여 감압을 시키고, 액압축을 방지하기 위해 압축기의 토출측의 냉매열교환기(36)에서 완전한 가스상태의 냉매로 만들어 압축기(1)로 유입시킨다. 이때의 3-웨이밸브(33)는 4-웨이밸브(5)의 방향을 막고 팽창기구(35)가 설치된 분기관(34)측으로 오픈되어 있는 상태가 된다. 상기와 같은 3-웨이밸브(33)의 유로변환은 실외측 열교환기의 표면의 온도 검지수단인 검지기구(32)의 신호에 의해 전자팽창변(31)의 개도 조정과 함께 제어부(37)에서 담당한다.In the present invention, if the frost occurs in this way, the opening means of the electronic expansion edge 31 is made to be as large as possible by the detection means 32, and the frost is sent directly to the outdoor heat exchanger 4 without condensation of the high temperature and high pressure refrigerant. When the outdoor heat exchanger passes through the defrosting operation, the refrigerant is still in a two phase state, and thus, the refrigerant is passed through the expansion mechanism 35 to reduce the pressure, and the refrigerant heat exchanger 36 on the discharge side of the compressor is used to prevent the liquid compression. ) Into a gaseous refrigerant and flows into the compressor (1). At this time, the three-way valve 33 blocks the direction of the four-way valve 5 and is open to the branch pipe 34 in which the expansion mechanism 35 is installed. The flow path of the three-way valve 33 as described above is in charge of the control unit 37 with adjustment of the opening degree of the electromagnetic expansion edge 31 by a signal of the detection mechanism 32 which is a temperature detection means on the surface of the outdoor heat exchanger. do.

제상이 완료되면 다시 제어부(37)에 의해 4-웨이밸브(5), 3-웨이밸브(33), 전자팽창변(31)은 원래 난방운전시의 상태로 환원된다. 냉방사이클은 종래와 동일하다.When the defrosting is completed, the four-way valve 5, the three-way valve 33, and the electromagnetic expansion valve 31 are reduced to the state of the original heating operation by the control unit 37. The cooling cycle is the same as before.

이상에서 설명한 바와 같이, 본 발명에 의한 냉난방기기의 제상장치는 4-웨이밸브가 연결된 압축기와, 실내측 열교환기 및 실외측 열교환기를 포함하여 구성된 냉난방기에 있어서, 상기 실내측 열교환기와 실외측 열교환기 사이에 냉매의 감압을 위해 설치되며 개도(開度)의 조절이 가능하도록 한 전자팽창변과, 상기 실외측 열교환기에 설치한 온도검지수단과, 상기 실외측 열교환기와 압축기 사이에 설치되며 3-웨이밸브를 구비한 분기관과, 상기 온도검지수단에 의해 전자팽창변의 개도를 조절하고 3-웨이밸브의 방향을 조절하도록 한 제어부와, 상기 분기관내에 설치되며 실외측 열교환기를 지난 제상 냉매를 감압하는 팽창기구와, 상기 팽창기구의 일측에 설치하여 액압축을 방지하는 냉매열교환기로 구성되어, 실외측 열교환기 즉 증발기에 생기는 서리로 인한 능력 저하 및 제상시의 불쾌감을 없애기 위해, 서리 발생시 상기 전자식 팽창변의 개도를 크게 하여 고온, 고압의 냉매를 직접 증발기로 통과시켜 제상을 하고, 실외측 열교환기 하단에 팽창기구를 설치하여 제상작용을 한 냉매의 압력을 떨어뜨려 압축기의 토출 가스와 열교환이 가능하도록 냉매열교환기를 통과시켜 냉매를 완전히 증발시켜 가스상태로 압축기로 유입되도록 함으로써, 서리 발생에 따른 성능 저하의 개선과 냉난방운전절환에 따른 효율 감소를 방지하거나 줄일 수 있어 고효율 운전이 가능하도록 한 효과가 있다.As described above, the defrosting apparatus of the air conditioner according to the present invention comprises a compressor connected to a four-way valve, an indoor heat exchanger and an outdoor heat exchanger, wherein the indoor heat exchanger and the outdoor heat exchanger. A three-way valve installed between the electronic expansion valve and the temperature detecting means installed in the outdoor heat exchanger and the outdoor heat exchanger and the compressor to reduce the refrigerant and to control the opening degree therebetween; A branch pipe having a branch, a control unit configured to adjust the opening degree of the electromagnetic expansion side by the temperature detecting means and to control the direction of the 3-way valve, and to expand the defrost refrigerant installed in the branch pipe and passing through the outdoor heat exchanger. Mechanism and a refrigerant heat exchanger installed on one side of the expansion mechanism to prevent liquid compression, In order to eliminate the deterioration caused by frost and the unpleasant feeling during defrosting, when the frost is generated, the electronic expansion valve is opened to defrost by directly passing a high-temperature and high-pressure refrigerant through an evaporator, and an expansion mechanism is installed at the bottom of the outdoor heat exchanger. By reducing the pressure of the defrosting refrigerant and passing through the refrigerant heat exchanger to exchange heat with the discharged gas of the compressor, the refrigerant is completely evaporated and flowed into the compressor in the gas state, thereby improving the performance degradation due to frost and switching the heating and cooling operation. It is possible to prevent or reduce the efficiency reduction caused by the high efficiency operation is possible.

Claims (1)

압축기와 실내측 열교환기 및 실외측 열교환기가 냉매순환라인으로 연결되며, 상기 압축기와 실내측 열교환기 및 실외측 열교환기의 사이에는 난방운전모드와 냉방운전모드로 전환하는 4-웨이밸브를 설치하고, 상기 압축기의 흡입단과 상기 4-웨이밸브를 연결하여 냉매복귀관을 설치한 냉난방기기에 있어서, 상기 실외측 열교환기의 온도를 검지하는 온도검지수단과, 상기 실내측 열교환기와 실외측 열교환기 사이에 설치되어 난방운전시에는 실내측 열교환기를 통과하여 실외측 열교환기로 유동하는 냉매를 감압하고 실외측 열교환기의 제상운전시에는 실내측 열교환기를 통과하여 실외측 열교환기로 유동하는 냉매를 감압하지 않도록 제어되는 전자팽창변과, 상기 실외측 열교환기와 4-웨이밸브를 연결하는 냉매순환라인에 3-웨이밸브를 통하여 연결됨과 아울러 상기 냉매복귀관의 사이에 연결되는 분기관과, 상기 온도검지수단의 검지신호에 따라 전자팽창변의 개도를 조절함과 아울러 상기 3-웨이밸브의 방향을 제어하는 제어부와, 상기 분기관의 도중에 설치되어 제상운전시 실외측 열교환기를 거쳐 냉매복귀관으로 복귀되는 냉매를 감압시키는 팽창기구와, 상기 분기관의 도중에 형성되어 상기 압축기의 토출단의 냉매순환라인에 감겨져 액압축을 방지하는 냉매열교환기를 구비하여서 됨을 특징으로 하는 냉난방기기의 제상장치.The compressor, the indoor heat exchanger, and the outdoor heat exchanger are connected to the refrigerant circulation line, and a 4-way valve is installed between the compressor, the indoor heat exchanger, and the outdoor heat exchanger to switch between heating and cooling operation modes. In the air-conditioning unit having a refrigerant return pipe connected to the suction end of the compressor and the four-way valve, temperature detecting means for detecting the temperature of the outdoor heat exchanger, between the indoor heat exchanger and the outdoor heat exchanger Installed in the heating operation, the refrigerant flows through the indoor heat exchanger to the outdoor heat exchanger to decompress the refrigerant, and during the defrosting operation of the outdoor heat exchanger, it controls the refrigerant flowing through the indoor heat exchanger to the outdoor heat exchanger Through the 3-way valve to the refrigerant expansion line and the refrigerant circulation line connecting the outdoor heat exchanger and the 4-way valve. And a branch pipe connected between the refrigerant return pipes, a control unit for controlling the opening degree of the electromagnetic expansion side according to the detection signal of the temperature detecting means, and controlling the direction of the three-way valve; An expansion mechanism is installed in the middle of the decompression operation to depressurize the refrigerant returned to the refrigerant return pipe through the outdoor heat exchanger during the defrosting operation, and a refrigerant formed in the middle of the branch pipe and wound around the refrigerant circulation line at the discharge end of the compressor to prevent liquid compression. Defrosting apparatus for heating and cooling equipment, characterized in that provided with a heat exchanger.
KR1019970007608A 1997-03-07 1997-03-07 Defrost system of heat pump KR100218469B1 (en)

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