KR100191896B1 - An insectcidal composition which contains beauveria sp. and its producing method - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention relates to a novel use of a fungus of the genus Beauveria sp. For the control of pine mushroom flies. The present invention relates to a novel use as a pine needle lupulus control agent of a buberidae fungus, a pesticide- And a method for producing the same. The granule for controlling the pine leaf midge of the present invention is composed of fungus spore, germ activator, nutrients and disintegrant, and exhibits excellent pine leaf midge control effect in the natural environment of Korea.

Description

Pellets for control of pine needles and fungi containing fungi of Beauveria sp.

FIG. 1 is an electron micrograph of the fungus of the present invention, Beauveria bassiana.

FIG. 2 is an electron micrograph of the fungus of Beauveria bassiana of the present invention.

FIG. 3 is an electron micrograph of the fungus of Beauveria bassiana of the present invention.

FIG. 4 is an electron micrograph of the fungus of Beauveria brongniartii of the present invention.

FIG. 5 is an electron micrograph of the fungus of Beauveria brongniartii of the present invention.

FIG. 6 is an electron micrograph of the fungus of Beauveria brongniartii of the present invention.

FIG. 7 is an electron micrograph of the fungus of Beauveria brongniartii of the present invention.

[Object of the invention]

The present invention relates to a novel use of Beauveria sp. Fungus for the control of pine mushroom flies. It is a new use for the use of the buberia fungus as a pine needle louse control agent, a pesticide for controlling pine needles containing bovaria fungus And a process for producing the same.

More particularly, the present invention relates to a method for controlling pine needle moth, which is a pest that has a fatal effect on pine trees, using Beauveria sp. Solvent granules have 10-20% moisture content, 0.2-5mm particle size, and consist of mold spores, surfactants, nutrients and disintegrants.

[Technical Field of the Invention and Related Prior Art]

Pine needles are a deadly insect that kills the whole pine tree by killing the pine juice and stopping the growth of the pine tree, while parasitic on the pine leaves of the native species of domestic pine and the pine tree.

Pine tree damage caused by pine needles was first detected in 1929 in Mokpo and Seoul, and the damage is now being observed nationwide. However, it is known that the severe damage caused by pine mushroom or flies appears in Korea and in some parts of Japan.

2) methods of spraying chemical pesticides on the surface of the ground; 3) injections of several times; 4) methods of using noxious beetles; and 5) methods of controlling pesticide pests. ) A method of using a parasitoid eating pepery, and 6) a method of using a hospital microorganism.

However, there have been some problems in using these methods in controlling pine needleflies. First, the use of chemical insecticides damages useful insects and natural enemies, thus destroying forest ecosystems and polluting the environment. In case of using several injections, a lot of manpower is required, and the drug used is toxic to the human body, so that the controller can be poisoned.

In order to overcome the above problems, a biological insecticidal method is used. Specifically, when a natural monocot bean is used, the host parasitism is as low as 15% and there is a limit in the area to be controlled. In addition, when using pelagic birds that eat pine needles or papyrus, there is insufficient data on breeding of the mountain flora.

In addition, although the method of using the microorganism of the hospital is believed to have many useful features to date, the development is still in its early stage.

The present inventors have discovered that Beauveria so. Fungi kill pine needle bug larvae while searching for a pathogenic microorganism in order to control pine needle lupus, which is a fatal harm to the forest ecosystem in Korea, , And a pine needle lump control agent containing bovaria fungi was prepared to complete the present invention.

[Technical Problem]

The present invention is intended to provide a new use of the Beberveria sp. Fungus, which is used for controlling pine needles and fleas.

It is another object of the present invention to provide a bacterium belonging to the genus Biberia, which is suitable in the natural environment of Korea, from the bacterium belonging to the genus Biberaria,

The bovaria fungi that control pine needles and flies include Beauveria bassiana and Beauveria brongniartii. Specifically, the present invention provides Beauveria bassiana isolated from the wild in Korea. Among them, the bovaria bacillus and HY-1 strain excellent in the control effect against pine mushroom on March 14, 1995 (Accession No .: KCTC 0155 BP) deposited with the National Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology Research Institute of Korea Institute of Science and Technology.

Further, the present invention aims to provide a granule for pine needle lupulus control containing a fungus of the genus Beauveria sp. The granules for controlling the pine needle lump of the present invention are composed of fungus spores, nutrients, interfacial agents and the like, as well as disintegrants and excipients.

Examples of the surfactant used in the pine needle lump control agent of the present invention include polycarboxylate, sodium lignosulfonate, calcium lignosulfonate, sodium dialkyl sulfosuccinate, sodium alkyl aryl sulfonate, polyoxyethylene alkyl phenyl Ether, sodium tripolyphosphate, polyoxyethylene alkylarylphosphoric ester, polyoxyethylene alkylaryl ether, polyoxyethylene alkylaryl polymer, polyoxyalkyl on alkyl phenyl ether, polyoxyethylene nonyl phenyl ether, sodium sulfonate naphthalene formaldehyde And the like.

The disintegrant used in the pine needle lupulus controlling agent of the present invention may include bentonite, talc, diiron, kaolin, calcium carbonate and the like.

It is preferable that the granule for controlling the pine needle lice of the present invention is prepared with a composition of 30-60% of fungus spores (weight percentage of all contents are indicated), 2-16% of surfactant, and 5-20% of nutrients. In addition, it is more preferable to include 10-30% of the disintegrant.

In addition, it is preferable that the granules for controlling the pine needle lump of the present invention have a particle size of 0.2-5 mm.

It is another object of the present invention to provide a method for producing a pine needle lump control agent containing a fungus of the genus Beauveria sp.

Specifically, the present invention relates to a method for producing a pine needle by controlling a pine needle lupulus control method by mixing and kneading a bamboo mold with a disintegrant, mixing the surfactant, nutrients and disintegrant again, kneading the mixture in an appropriate amount of water, To prepare a lubricant. At this time, it is preferable that the constituent components are kneaded so as to contain appropriate moisture and dried at 60 ° C or lower so that the moisture content becomes 10-20%.

[Structure and operation of the invention]

The present invention will be described in detail as follows.

If you look at the life history of pine needles or flies first, the pine needles and adult flies have a body length of 1.75 (male) -2mm (female), a wing length of 1.75-2.06mm, and a body width of 0.8mm. The eggs of the pine needle lobster are long oblong and have a size of 0.19-0.26 × 0.04-0.09mm and are light yellow. The larva has a size of 2.06 × 0.73mm and is pale yellow. The fusiform sputum has a size of 5.2-9.5 × 1.6-2.8mm. It is red-green at first, but after 1 month, it turns brown.

Pine needles fly once a year and larvae winter in the ground or in the pond. Adults appear from the end of May to the end of June. After mating, they lay eggs on one side of a pine tree in an amount of 6.3 eggs. After 1-2 days after spawning, the eggs hatch and the larvae descend to the base of the pine needles and suck the juice of the pine tree to form chrysanthemum. Usually, one larva contains 5-6 larvae. From the end of August to the beginning of September, the outer part of the chrysanthemum turns brown and the damaged pine leaves are discolored in mid-October. After the rain or rain, the larva exits the chrysanthemum and drifts about 1-3 cm into the ground covered with the caustic material (Baekunha, agriculture and forestry insectology, Pyeongmunsa, 1978).

Until now, the bovaria fungi have been used as insecticides against locusts and have been used for protection of major crops and have been reported to be safe for use in human and livestock. Therefore, they can also be useful for controlling pine needleflies (Tanaka and Kaya, Insect Pathology , p.323, Academic Press, 1993, Weiser, Chap. 16, ed., Kurtak, Microbial and Viral Pesticides, Marcel Dekker, 1982).

The control effect of the pine beetle larvae caused by the fungus of the genus Beauveria sp. Is investigated through the process of Experimental Example 1 with reference to the life history of the pine needle moth.

[Experimental Example 1]

1) How to collect pine needles

The sand layer without salt is laid 20cm and the redwood sawdust is laid 10cm high. Then, in late November, November, the pine tree which is severely damaged is collected and laid on it. It is then refrigerated at 4 ° C and then left at room temperature to obtain pine needle bug larvae.

2) The ability of the mold of the bubibera mold

Fifteen pine-mallow larvae and bovaria fungus are incubated for 3 weeks on a glass plate of 8.5 cm diameter placed with water-drenched filter paper (Watman No. 1) to infect the larvae with fungi. After the infected larvae develop and die, the mold is covered in white.

3) Field test method

In February, a sand layer of 5 cm and a sawdust of 5 cm height are stacked on a box of 56 × 36 × 12 cm, then 1,000 pine needle bug larvae are inoculated thereon. This box is buried in the soil of the Daedeok Science Complex, and the mold cultivated on it is dispersed in 500 ml and the spores are adjusted to 10 ¹⁵ . It rains in April, and then pulls out the box and separates the pine needle bug larvae by hand.

It can be observed by the method of Experimental Example 1 that the bovaria fungus infects the pine mushroom larvae in the laboratory and outdoors and loses them. In addition, not only Beauveria sp. Fungi collected in our natural environment, but also boveriac basiana (Accession No .: KCTC 6297 and KCTC 6298), a publicized bacteriophage fungus strain, and bovaria brunnaatii No. KCTC 6299) also have a controlling effect against pine mushroom flies. Thus, it can be seen that the bubibera fungus can be widely used for control of pine mushroom flies.

The inventors of the present invention have found that the boveriella strains can be effectively used for the control of pine needle flies through the above Experimental Examples 1 and 2, . The bamboo fungus used in the control of the pine needles is applied to the natural environment of our country, so it should be suitable for the soil of our country. Therefore, it is preferable to use a strain of Boveriania isolated directly from soil in our country.

The fungi were isolated according to the method of Experimental Example 2 below in order to obtain a boverian fungus suitable for soil in Korea and excellent in controlling effect against pine mushroom flies.

[Experimental Example 2]

1) Isolation of mold

In order to isolate the highly effective bovaria fungus, which is suitable for use in our country's natural environment and to control the pine mushroom flies, pine bark larvae and pine larvae, which were infected with fungi from the forest soil of pine- And warts. The above-described embryos are placed on a 1.5% potato-glucose solid medium (manufactured by Daffco), and cultured at 30 ° C for 2 weeks, followed by isolating molds.

The separated fungi were re-cultured at 20 ° C. using oatmeal medium according to his method (de Hoog, Studies in Mycol., 1, 1972, September), and the ability of forming conidia spores was compared Identify each strain.

As a result, five strains were isolated, one strain was identified as Beauveria bassiana (see Fig. 1-3), and the remaining four strains were identified as Beauveria brongniartii 4-7). Electron microscopic photographs of these mold spores are shown in FIGS. 1 to 7.

The bovaria fungus, which exhibited the best control effect isolated in Experimental Example 2, was identified as Bearveria bassiana, and this strain was named as bovaria bacillus HY-1 strain, (Accession No .: KCTC 0155 BP) at the Institute of Biotechnology, Korea Institute of Science and Technology.

Further, in order to know the effect of controlling the pine needleflies on the mold of the bovaria fungi, the following method of Experimental Example 3 is used.

[Experimental Example 3]

1) Cervical formation ability of bovaria strain

Transfer 20 pine needle larvae prepared in Experimental Example 2 to a glass plate having a diameter of 8.5 cm laid on a filter paper (Watman No. 1) soaked in water.

5 g of bovisia barbiana HY-1 strain (accession number: KCTC 0155 BP) isolated in Experimental Example 2 was added to 5 g of wheat bran solid medium (500 g of wheat bran in 500 ml of water, 3 g of potato glucose broth, 5 g of brain heart infusion and 1 g of manganese sulfate) And incubated at 30 ° C for 6 days. Next, 15 ml of sterilized water is added and suspended in a vortex. Spray 1 ml of the suspension so that it spreads evenly over the glass plate containing the pine needle bug larvae. As a result, after three weeks, all the larvae were found to be surrounded by fungi, and white spores and mycelium formed around the stomach.

In addition, in addition to the bovaria barbiana HY-1 strain deposited in the present invention, bovaria barbiana strain (accession number: KCTC 9297 and KCTC 6298) already disclosed as a comparative group, (Beauveria brongniartii) and the disclosed strain Bovia brunnatis (accession number: KCTC 6299), respectively. As a result, it is confirmed that various bovaria fungi exhibit the ability of forming a pterygium on the pine needlefly, as described above.

2) The mortality rate of pine larval larvae outdoors

In a box of 56 × 36 × 12 cm, sand layer 5 cm and sawdust 5 cm height were stacked and 1,000 pine needle bug larvae were inoculated. The soil in the Daedeok Research Complex is then digested and 6 boxes are buried in February. The above-mentioned Biberia basiana HY-1 (accession number: KCTC 0155 BP) is dispersed onto the box with the spore water adjusted to 500 ml to 10 ¹⁵ . After it rains in April, the box is pulled out and the larvae are separated manually. As a result, the mortality rate of the pine needle larva larvae of the present invention was 45% on average.

In addition, using the same method as above using various fungal strains, the mortality rate of pine larval larvae caused by fungal infection was about 40-50%.

The inventors of the present invention have conducted intensive studies to produce pine needles and fungi which are fatal to the forests of Korea. As a result, they found that the bamboo fungus has a pine control effect against pine mushroom, The present inventors have completed the present invention by developing a granule for control of pine needle lupulus containing the same.

The bovaria fungus used in the pine control for controlling pine mushroom of the present invention is suitable for use as a pine needle leaf or fly as a pesticide because it is a highly viable strain capable of growing even in a cold or dry climate. In particular, the climate of Korea in April and April, which is the appropriate time to control pine mushroom flies, is very dry, so it is desirable to use the bovaria fungi that can survive in these climates and infect pine moss larvae.

In addition, the present invention uses the boveriac basiana HY-1 strain isolated from the soil of the country to produce a pine control agent suitable for the natural environment of Korea, so that the pine needle lice control effect is more excellent.

The granule for controlling the pine needle lump of the present invention is composed of the spores of the bovaria spp., The nutrients required therefor, the surfactant, and the moisture necessary for surviving the fungi in the granule, and may further include disintegrants and excipients.

In addition, in the present invention, the granule for controlling the pine needle lump may contain about 30-60% of the bovaria sp.

In addition, the granules for controlling pine needles and fleas of the present invention include surfactants that act to disperse and disperse the granules of the present invention in addition to fungal spores. Examples of the surfactant used in the pine needle lump control agent of the present invention include polycarboxylate, sodium lignosulfonate, calcium lignosulfonate, sodium dialkyl sulfosuccinate, sodium alkyl aryl sulfonate, polyoxyethylene alkyl phenyl Ether, sodium tripolyphosphate, polyoxyethylene alkylarylphosphoric ester, polyoxyethylene alkylaryl ether, polyoxyethylene alkylaryl polymer, polyoxyalkyl on alkyl phenyl ether, polyoxyethylene nonyl phenyl ether, sodium sulfonate naphthalene form Aldehyde, and the like.

In addition, the present invention provides a nutrient for growth of fungal spores dispersed when disintegrated by absorption of water in a natural environment, and the present nutrients may include starch, dextrin, glucose, and the like.

In addition, the present invention provides a disintegrant for dispersing mold spores, which is disintegrated by absorption of moisture from the outside, comprising swellable bentonite, talc, kaolin, , Dialite, calcium carbonate, and the like. As a result, the granules for controlling pine nodules of the present invention exhibit a property that they can be disintegrated by dew-like water even when they are sprayed in a natural environment of a dry climate.

Specifically, it is preferable that the granule for controlling the pine needle lice of the present invention is prepared with a composition of 30-60% of fungus spores, 2-16% of surfactant, and 5-20% of nutrients. It is preferred that 10-30% of the disintegrant is included. The particle size of the particles is preferably from 0.2 to 5 mm, the moisture content is preferably from about 10 to 20%, and the moisture content is more preferably 14%. The granule for controlling pine needles or fleas of the present invention having such a composition has a relative humidity of 40% In many cases, it is disintegrated into the spring weather in Korea and has the characteristic of controlling the pine needle bug larvae by dispersing the bubibera mold.

The present invention relates to a method for producing a pine needle lupine control agent containing Beauveria sp. Fungus, which comprises mixing a bamboo fungus with a disintegrant and then using Jet-0-Mizer (manufactured by Aljet) And the mixture is pulverized, and a surfactant, nutrients, disintegrant, and the like are mixed and kneaded so that the moisture content is appropriately adjusted. The dough is solidified using an extruder, dried at 60 ° C or lower until the moisture content reaches about 10-20%, and then passed through a mesh.

At this time, due to the low water content of the pine needle lice control agent of the present invention, the strain of the buberian strain should not die due to the high temperature at the time when the survival rate is lowered in the granule or when the granule is dried. Therefore, the granule of the present invention is preferably dried at 60 ° C or lower, more preferably at around 50 ° C. Usually, the survival rate of fungal spores at 50 ° C is about 50%.

As a result of the preservation test for the granules of the present invention in order to confirm the stability of the granules for controlling the pine needle moth, the survival rate of the fungi was reduced to about 30% when it was left at 70 캜 for 8 hours.

Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in detail with reference to examples.

The following examples illustrate the present invention in detail and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention.

[Example 1]

Manufacture of granules for control of pine needles and flies

To obtain pine needle lupine control agent, bovaria barbiana (accession number: KCTC 0155 BP) obtained by culturing on bran solid medium (bran 80%, soybean meal 20%, moisture content 30-60%) spore 3.3 × 10 ⁹ , and bentonite (concentrate) (20%) were mixed and then pulverized using Jet-O-Mizer (manufactured by Aljet). 3% of sodium tripolyphosphate, 3% of polycarboxylate and 15% of talc were mixed and kneaded to have a moisture content of 40%. The mixture was granulated at a diameter of 1.2 mm and a length of 0.5-5 mm using an extruder (manufactured by Fuji Powder Co., Ltd.), dried at 50 ° C until the moisture content reached about 15%, and passed through 16-30 mesh. At this time, the survival rate of the strain of the present invention was about 50%.

In order to confirm the stability of the granules for controlling pine nodules produced in the above, the preservation test of the granules of the present invention was carried out. As a result, the survival rate of the fungus was about 30% when the granules were allowed to stand at 70 DEG C for 8 hours.

[Example 2]

Manufacture of granules for controlling pine needles or flies suitable for 40% relative humidity

The following method was used to prepare a pine control agent for controlling pine needles in which the control granules could be disintegrated when the relative humidity was 40%.

In the above, the size of the pine needle lump control containing the bovaria fungi, in particular the bovaria bacillus (accession number: KCTC 0155 BP), is 0.2-5.0 mm and the water content is 15% It was appropriate.

In addition, as shown in Example 1, 50% of fungus spores, 3% of polycarboxylate, 3% of sodium lignosulfonate, sodium dialkyl sulfoscuccinate, 1%, glucose 10%, bentonite 20%, and calcium carbonate 13%.

The above-mentioned composition was dried at around 50 ° C. and when the external relative humidity was 40%, the water was absorbed to disintegrate the granule so that the active ingredient fungus spore was discharged and the discharged fungus And adapted to settle.

[Example 3]

In order to produce a pine needle lump control agent having a different composition showing the same effect as in Example 2, the following method was used.

50% of spore, 5% of sodium alkyl aryl sulfonate, 1% of polyoxyethylene alkyl phenyl ether 1 (product name: KCTC 0155 BP) %, Sodium dialkyl sulfosuccinate 1%, starch 10%, talc 30%, and dialite 3%.

[Example 4]

The following method was used to produce a pine needle-shaped floss control agent having the same composition as that of Example 2.

50% of spores, 3% of polycarboxylate, 1% of polyoxyethylene alkyl phenyl ether, 3% of calcium lignosulfonate, 10% of starch, , Bentonite 20%, and talc 13%.

[Example 5]

The following method was used to produce a pine needle-shaped floss control agent having the same composition as that of Example 2.

50% of spores, 5% of polyoxyethylene alkyl aryl phosphoric ester, and 5% of polyoxyethylene alkyl aryl ether and polyoxyethylene alkylaryl ether were added to the poria bacterium (accession number: KCTC 0155 BP) 3% polyoxyethylene alkyl aryl ether and 10% polyoxyethylene alkyl aryl polymer, 10% glucose, 20% bentonite, and 12% talc.

[Example 6]

The following method was used to produce a pine needle-shaped floss control agent having the same composition as that of Example 2.

50% of spores, 1% of polyoxyethylene alkylphenyl ether, 3% of sodium tripolyphosphate, 10% of starch, 20% of bentonite, 16% of talc 16% of bovaria baiciana (accession number: KCTC 0155 BP) .

[Example 7]

The following method was used to produce a pine needle-shaped floss control agent having the same composition as that of Example 2.

50% of spores, 3% of polycarboxylate, 5% of polyoxyethylene alkylaryl polymer and 10% of starch, 5% of bentonite (polyvinyl alcohol) 20%, and kaolin 12%.

[Example 8]

The following method was used to produce a pine needle-shaped floss control agent having the same composition as that of Example 2.

50% of spores, 3% of polycarboxylate, 5% of sodium alkylarylsulfonate, 1% of sodium dialkyl sulfosuccinate, 10% of starch, , 20% of dialite, and 11% of calcium carbonate.

[Example 9]

The following method was used to produce a pine needle-shaped floss control agent having the same composition as that of Example 2.

50% of spores, 3% of sodium tripolyphosphate, 5% of polyoxyethylene alkylarylphosphoric ester, 10% of starch, 10% of dextrin, , Bentonite 10%, and diiron 12%.

[Example 10]

The following method was used to produce a pine needle-shaped floss control agent having the same composition as that of Example 2.

50% of spores, 5% of polyoxyethylene alkylaryl polymer special, 5% of calcium lignosulfonate, 3% of polycarboxylate, 5% of dextrin, , Bentonite 20%, and talc 12%.

[Example 11]

The following method was used to produce a pine needle-shaped floss control agent having the same composition as that of Example 2.

50% of spores, 3% of polyoxyalkylone alkyl phenyl ether, 3% of sodium tripolyphosphate, 3% of sodium benzoate, 1% pseudosinicate, 5% dextrin, 10% starch, and 28% calcium carbonate.

[Example 12]

The following method was used to produce a pine needle-shaped floss control agent having the same composition as that of Example 2.

(Accession number: KCTC 0155 BP) spore 50%, sodium lignosulfonate 3%, polyoxyethylene alkylaryl ether polymer 3%, glucose 10%, kaolin 20%, talc 11%.

[Example 13]

The following method was used to produce a pine needle-shaped floss control agent having the same composition as that of Example 2.

The pine needles were treated with 50% of spores, 3% of polyoxyethylene nonyl phenyl ether, 3% of sodium salt of sulfonate naphthalene (accession number: KCTC 0155 BP) formaldehyde 2%, sodium dialkyl sulfosuccinate 1%, dextrin 5%, kaolin 20%, and diaryl 1%.

[Effects of the Invention]

The pine needles for controlling pine mushrooms containing the fungus of the present invention (Beauveria sp.) Can be disintegrated even when only the dew is absorbed in a dry climate. Therefore, the dry climate And the boveriac basiana HY-1 (accession number: KCTC 0155 BP) used in the granule of the present invention is directly separated from the soil of the country, so it is very easy to use in the natural environment in our country.

Since the granule of the present invention is in the form of particles, it is locally administered to the area where the pine tree infected with pine needlefly or fly is locally administered to stably control the pine needle bug larvae. Therefore, the pine needlefly can be controlled continuously with a small number of control Can be said to be an excellent control agent.

Claims (8)

HY-1 (Beauveria bassiana HY-1; accession number: KCTC 0155 BP) which has a pine needle lice control effect. A granule for the control of pine mushroom flies containing the bovaria bacciana HY-1 of claim 1. 3. The method of claim 2, wherein the fungus spore; But are not limited to, polyalkylenesulfonates, polycarboxylates, polycarboxylates, sodium lignosulfonates, calcium lignosulfonates, sodium dialkylsulfosuccinates, sodium alkylarylsulfonates, polyoxyethylene alkylphenyl ethers, sodium tripolyphosphates, polyoxyethylene alkylarylphosphoric esters, A surfactant selected from polyoxyethylene alkyl aryl ether, polyoxyethylene alkylaryl polymer, polyoxyalkyl on alkyl phenyl ether, polyoxyethylene nonyl phenyl ether and sodium sulfonate naphthalene formaldehyde; Starch, dextrin and glucose. ≪ RTI ID = 0.0 > 21. < / RTI > The granule of claim 3, further comprising a disintegrant selected from the group consisting of bentonite, talc, kaolin, diaryl and calcium carbonate. The granule according to claim 2, which contains 30-60% of fungal spores. The granule according to claim 2, characterized in that the particle size is 0.2-5 mm and the water content is 10-20%. The granule according to claim 2, characterized in that it comprises 50% of fungus spores, 2-16% of surfactant, 5-20% of nutrients, 10-30% of swelling bentonite, and 10-30% of talc. The bobberia mold of claim 1 and disintegrant are mixed and pulverized. The surfactant, nutrients and disintegrant are mixed again, and the moisture content is appropriately kneaded. The mixture is granulated by an extruder and dried at 60 ° C or lower. Wherein