KR100190939B1 - Camera for motors - Google Patents

Abstract

In a vehicle camera in which the left and right directions of a vehicle are taken by a camera using a mirror to transfer an image signal to a monitor, the image inversion processing of left and right independent is not necessary and it is small.

The V-shaped mirror 20 which faces the reflecting surfaces 21 and 22 outward is arrange | positioned in the vicinity of the uppermost end of a vehicle, and the CCD camera main body 10 is provided in the rearward direction.

The main body of the CCD camera has a function of collectively inverting the whole screen left and right by a built-in signal processing circuit. As for the image photographed by the CCD camera main body 10, as shown in (b), the right half surface of an image turns into the reverse image GHL of the left front of a vehicle, and the left half surface turns into the reverse image GHR of all the vehicles right. When the whole screen of this image is inverted left and right collectively by the signal processing circuit, as shown in (C), electrostatic images GR and GL presenting the right and left clocks on the right and left half surfaces are obtained.

Description

Car camera

1 is an external perspective view showing a first embodiment of the present invention.

2 is a horizontal sectional view of the first embodiment.

3 is a view showing an attachment state of the embodiment.

4 is a diagram showing an example of installation of a monitor.

5 shows a connection between a camera device and a monitor.

6 is a diagram for obtaining a positional relationship of elements of a camera apparatus.

7 is a diagram for obtaining a positional relationship between elements of a camera apparatus.

8 shows an example of dimensions of a camera device.

9 is an explanatory diagram showing the operation of the embodiment;

10 is an explanatory diagram showing a photographing field of view according to the embodiment;

11 shows another example of attachment of a camera apparatus.

12 shows a second embodiment.

13 shows a mask.

Fig. 14 is an explanatory drawing showing the positional relationship between the CCD camera body and the mirror.

15 is an explanatory diagram showing the operation of the second embodiment;

FIG. 16 is a diagram showing a display example of a monitor in the second embodiment; FIG.

17 shows a comparative example of the positional relationship between a CCD camera body and a mirror;

18 is a view showing photographed images in a comparative example.

19 is an explanatory diagram showing an operation in a comparative example.

20 shows a third embodiment;

21 is an explanatory diagram showing a shooting field view according to the third embodiment;

22 is a diagram showing another example of the mask portion.

23 shows a fourth embodiment;

24 is a diagram showing a first conventional example.

25 is a diagram showing a photographed image in the first conventional example.

Fig. 26 is a block diagram showing an example of a controller for image inversion.

27 is an explanatory diagram showing processing in a controller.

Fig. 28 is a block diagram showing an example of another controller for image inversion.

FIG. 29 is an explanatory diagram showing a process in a controller. FIG.

30 is a view showing a second conventional example.

31 is a diagram showing a photographed image when the boundary between left and right independent inversion is shifted.

Explanation of symbols on the main parts of the drawings

1, 1A, 1B, 1C: camera unit 2, 2A, 2C: case

3, 3A, 3C: Window 4, 4A: Transparent

6: switch 8: monitor

10, 30, 50, 70R, 70L: CCD camera body

11, 31, 51, 71: lens barrel

12: CCD device (two-dimensional image sensor) 13: circuit board

14: signal processing circuit (signal processing means) 15: power supply circuit

20: V-shaped mirror 21, 22: reflecting surface

32, 72: CCD device (two-dimensional image sensor)

32a: light receiving surface 33, 73: circuit board

40, 60: Mirrors 41, 42, 61, 62: Reflective surface

47, 67, 68: mask 48UP, 48LW: window

75: signal synthesis circuit 80: CCD camera body

83, 84: mirror 101, 201: camera unit

102: case 103, 203: CCD camera body

104, 204: V-shaped mirror 110, 110A: Controller

111: line memory 112: monitor

113: T-flip-flop 114: up-down counter

115: random logic circuit 116: latch circuit

BK: ground block GAHR, GAHW; Shooting Screen

GHR, GHL: Reverse image GR, GL, GAR, GAL: Electrostatic image

K: instrument panel P: optical axis

Q: Squared area RS: Field of view

S: Vehicle X: Camera line of sight

The present invention relates to a vehicle camera for checking the road conditions of the left and right at the intersection and the like that look bad.

If you do not proceed to the position where the tip of the vehicle protrudes in the forward road, such as when you come out of a road viewed from an alley where the left and right views are bad while driving, you may not be able to check the right and left safety. In such a case, a vehicular camera has been proposed that displays the road conditions on the left and right as an image before proceeding to a position that the driver can directly check.

As the first of such a conventional vehicle camera, for example, FIG. 24 shows that disclosed in Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 6-171426. (A) is an external perspective view, (b) has shown the installation state.

The camera device 101 integrally united with the case 102 has a CCD camera main body 103 therein, and furthermore, an optical lens system, a CCD element, a signal processing circuit thereof, and a power supply circuit inside the CCD camera main body. The back is built. On the front surface of the CCD camera main body 103, a V-shaped mirror 104 with the reflection surface facing outward is disposed.

The camera device 101 places the CCD camera main body 103 at the rear of the V-shaped mirror 104 and is attached to the front end of the vehicle, and in particular, as shown in (b), the V-shaped mirror 104 is It is provided so that the range may be reflected and guided to the CCD camera body 103 from the right side to the right side.

Thus, by photographing the reflected virtual image by the V-shaped mirror 104 of the CCD camera main body 103, it is possible to obtain the photographed image in the right and left directions in a single camera device. This photographed image is displayed on a monitor installed in an appropriate area around the driver's seat.

Here, the image captured by the CCD camera main body 103 is an inverted image in the right direction and an inverted image in the left direction as shown in FIG. 25A.

Therefore, in order for the picked-up image to be displayed on the monitor as shown in (b), it is necessary to correct it so that the right half of the image becomes an electrostatic image in the right direction and the left half of the image is an electrostatic image in the left direction.

As one of the correction methods of these inverted images, the controller 110 as shown in FIG. 26 is used. Here, left and right independent inversion is performed to output an inverted image for only the image right half and an inverted image for the left half of the image.

First, the video signal from the camera apparatus 101 is first recorded in the line memory (memory for one line in the horizontal direction) 111, read out from it, and output to the monitor 112. FIG.

A T-flip-flop 113 is provided which receives a horizontal synchronizing signal (a) of an image signal from the CCD camera main body, and an up-down counter 114 and a random logic circuit 115 which connect these outputs b as inputs are connected. It is. The random logic circuit 115 sets an initial value C for the up-down counter 114. The up-down counter 114 is controlled by its T flip-flop 113, and its set and reset are controlled. The up-down counter 114 sets its read address d for the line memory 111 and writes it through the latch circuit 116. The address (e) is set.

In this controller 110, a process is performed as follows.

Here, a description will be given with reference to FIG. 27 with N being the number of pixels in one line portion.

First, in step S1, image signals for one line are recorded in the order from the first to the line memory as in W1.

In the step S2, the last Nth recording starts, and at the start of the line memory (N / 2nd) as the starting point, the reading is started in the opposite direction to the recording (toward the first) as in r1.

Almost simultaneously with the start of step S2, as step S3, recording of the image signal of the next line is started as in W2. Here, the image signal of the next line is recorded sequentially at the point where reading was completed in step S2.

After reading the first image signal, in the next step S4, as the last (Nth) starting point of the line memory, r2 in the reverse direction (the N / 2 + 1th direction) to the previous w1 recording, The reading is started as shown.

Almost simultaneously with the start of step S4, as step S5, recording of the image signal of the next line is started as in W3. Here, the reading point is held in the latch circuit, and the image signal of the next line is sequentially written to the point where the reading is completed in step S4.

The last N / 2 + 1th write starts, and at step S6, the first (first) line memory is started at the beginning (in the Nth direction) in the reverse direction to the w3 write and the reading starts as r3. do.

Almost simultaneously with the start of step S6, as step S7, recording of the image signal of the next line is started as in w4. Here, the next line image signal is recorded sequentially at the point where the reading is completed in step S6.

The recording of w4 corresponds to the recording of W1 in step S1, and the above steps are repeated below.

The end of reading and writing for one line is determined by the horizontal synchronizing signal. In each step, the switching of the starting point of reading and writing is performed by the random logic circuit 115.

Thus, by reading from the reverse direction on the basis of dividing in two in the horizontal direction, inversion of each of the left and right surfaces occurs.

However, some commercially available CCD camera bodies have a simple batch left and right inversion function in which the entire screen is one unit. The function is included in the signal processing circuit so that the corresponding function part has the configuration shown in FIG. 28, and the random logic circuit 115 is omitted in comparison with the controller of FIG.

In this case, the process will be described with reference to FIG.

The number of pixels for one line is N, and the number of areas of the line memory is N + 1.

First, in step S11, image signals for one line are recorded in the order from the first to the line memory as w1.

In step S12, the last recording at the Nth end is finished, and the recorded point (Nth) is set as the starting point, and is read in the reverse direction (toward the first) and started as r1.

At the same time as the start of step S12, the recording of the image signal of the next line is started as step S13. Here, the image signal of the next line is recorded sequentially to the point before the point read in step S12, that is, if the point is the Mth in step S12, it is sequentially added to the M + 1st point. And record the image signal of the next line as in W2.

In step S14, at the same time as the last second recording is finished, at the same time as the second recording is finished, the recorded point (second) is used as the starting point in the opposite direction to the recording (toward the Nth), and r2 and Start the same reading.

Almost simultaneously with the start of step S14, as step S15, the recording of the image signal of the next line is started. Here, the data is written to one point before the point where the reading is completed in step S14. That is, when the point read in step S14 is set as Mth, the image signal of the next line is recorded in the M-1st point like w3 sequentially.

This recording of w3 corresponds to the recording of w1 in step S11, and the above steps are repeated below.

Reading and writing of one line of signal are read out by the horizontal synchronizing signal.

In this way, the recorded signal is read in the opposite direction to the recording, thereby inverting the image.

Next, as a second conventional example, Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 6-171425 discloses a camera device that does not require inverting left and right of an image.

As shown in FIG. 30, this camera apparatus 201 combines the CCD camera main body 203 and the V-shaped mirror 204 which made the reflection surface inside. The CCD camera main body 203 has the same structure as the CCD camera main body 103 of the previous embodiment.

The CCD camera main body 203 is provided with an angle at a predetermined angle in the transverse direction (left direction) at the front end of the vehicle, in order to photograph the front view from the side.

The V-shaped mirror 204 is arranged so that its reflection surfaces 205 and 206 are in the opposite direction (right direction) to the direction of the CCD camera main body 203 and the reflection surfaces are parallel to each other back and forth.

In the figure, as shown in the eye directions S1 and S2, the CCD camera main body 203 directly photographs one direction to which it faces, and the other direction reflects twice to the reflective surfaces 205 and 206 of the V-shaped mirror. Shoot the reflected image.

According to this, a left and right bidirectional electrostatic image is obtained with a single camera without using a controller.

However, in the first aspect of the above-described conventional vehicle camera, the controller 110 which performs left and right independent inversion, in addition to the circuit configuration of the signal processing circuit of the camera having the collective left and right inversion function, further addresses for reading in the middle. The random logic circuit 115 is required to set the circuit, and a special controller having a large number of parts must be separately installed, and there is a problem in that the cost of the system becomes high.

Furthermore, when inverting the left and right halves by using such a controller, there is a problem that the boundary between the center (V corner portions) of the V-shaped mirror 104 and the left and right independent inversion are inconsistent. That is, in the output image of the CCD camera body 103, the center of the left and right independent inversion does not change because it is electrically processed. However, a predetermined tolerance cannot be allowed for the attachment of the V-shaped mirror 104. Since it is attached and used, it vibrates and a change with time is anticipated while driving a vehicle. Thus, when the center of the V-shaped mirror and the boundary between left and right independent inversion in the controller are shifted, for example, as shown in FIG. 31 (a), the image on the monitor 102 is displayed at the end of the right side mirror. A part of the reflected virtual image enters and display quality deteriorates.

As a countermeasure, it is conceivable to widen the boundary between left and right independent inversion, but it causes inconvenience that the photographing range in the left and right directions becomes narrow as shown in (b) of the figure.

On the other hand, since the photographed image of the CCD camera body is the right side inverted image in the right half and the left side inverted image in the left half, if you try to use the low cost collective left / right reverse function here, the display screen of the monitor The image of the left side and the image of the right side are displayed on the left half, whereby the batch inversion function is not utilized.

Moreover, since the 2nd thing of the conventional vehicle camera protrudes and arrange | positions the V-shaped mirror 204 in the front-back direction of a vehicle, there exists a problem that the dimension of the whole apparatus becomes large.

Accordingly, it is an object of the present invention to provide a vehicular camera which is compactly configured while ensuring the left and right independent image inversion processing by a special controller or the like, in view of such a conventional problem.

For this reason, the present invention as set forth in claim 1 is a camera mounted on a vehicle and outputting an output screen video signal for display on a monitor. A mirror having a connected mirror, a two-dimensional image sensor, an optical system, and a signal processing means, and the photographing range is set to the rearward direction with the two reflecting surfaces as the photographing range, and the photographed images are outputted by inverting the photographed images in a batch. It was supposed to be a means.

Preferably, the mirrors are disposed substantially symmetrically with respect to the plane parallel to the center plane where the two reflecting surfaces are substantially perpendicular to the horizontal plane, respectively, and divide the vehicle in the width direction for two minutes.

In addition, it is preferable that the photographing means be arranged such that the optical axis of the optical system is substantially horizontal, and passes through the upper and lower centers of the two reflective surfaces of the mirror.

Furthermore, the photographing means and the mirror are stored in the case, and the case is provided with transparent windows on the left and right side walls corresponding to the two reflective surfaces of the mirror, and the photographing means is configured to photograph the outside of the case through the reflective surface and the window. It is preferable.

The photographing means and the mirror can be arranged in front of the driver's seat on an approximately center surface dividing the width of the vehicle by two at the vicinity of the tip of the vehicle or near the tip of the same vehicle.

In particular, the invention according to claim 7 is characterized in that the two reflecting surfaces are each planar, each being approximately perpendicular to the horizontal plane. Between the reflecting surface and the optical system when the vehicle is disposed substantially symmetrically with respect to a plane parallel to the center plane dividing the vehicle in the width direction, and the optical axis of the optical system is arranged horizontally through the upper and lower centers of the two reflective surfaces. The preferred distance of is defined as R, the radius of the outer diameter of the optical system is R, the angle formed by the normal of each surface of the reflective surface is 2 · θm, and the distance between the reflective surface and the optical system is d,

Was established.

The invention according to claim 8 defines a preferred length in the horizontal direction of the reflective surface, the angle of view of the photographing means is θ0, the radius of the incident pupil of the optical system is r, and the angle formed by the normals of the respective surfaces of the reflective surface. 2 · θm, the distance between the reflective surface and the optical system is d, and the length in the horizontal direction of one reflective surface is L,

Was established.

According to the ninth aspect of the present invention, a preferred angle between the reflection surfaces is defined, and the angle of view taken by the photographing means is θ0 and the angle formed by the normal of each surface of the reflection surface is 2 · θm,

This was supposed to hold.

The present invention according to claim 10 is provided with two reflective surfaces inclined from side to side with respect to the vehicle traveling direction, and provided with mirrors disposed above and below each other, a two-dimensional image sensor, an optical system, and signal processing means, and the photographing direction is forward. And a photographing means for outputting a video signal in which the two reflection surfaces are taken as a photographing range, and the photographed images are collectively inverted left and right, parallel to sides corresponding to the left and right directions of the output screen of the photographing means, The plane including the optical axis is set to M, and the two reflecting surfaces of the mirror are perpendicular to the plane M, respectively, and the photographing means and the mirror are integrally rotated by a predetermined same angle about the optical axis.

It is preferable to make the optical axis of a photographing means substantially horizontal, and it is preferable to make the angle | corner which the plane M and the horizontal plane made into about 1/4 of the angle of view of the up-down direction of a photographing means.

Further, it is preferable that the optical axis of the photographing means is substantially coincident in the front-rear direction of the vehicle, so that the two reflecting surfaces of the mirror are substantially axially symmetric with respect to the optical axis.

In addition, it is possible that the indicator block is presented on the left end of the screen in the right direction or the right end of the screen in the left direction on the output screen of the photographing means.

This stock block can be realized with an image of a low reflectance material, a light diffusing material, or a light absorber applied to the reflecting surface of the mirror. Alternatively, the light receiving surface of the two-dimensional image sensor of the photographing means is divided equally up and down, and the mask area for shielding an area corresponding to the left end of the screen in the right direction or the right end of the screen in the left direction among the divided light receiving surfaces. This can also be achieved.

According to the seventeenth aspect of the present invention, there is provided a two-dimensional image sensor and an optical system, and two sets of photographing means each of which has its optical axis substantially horizontally and horizontally in opposite directions, and images photographed by the two sets of photographing means up and down. It was set as the image synthesis circuit which synthesize | combines side by side.

Even in this case, the index block may be presented on the output screen of the photographing means at the left end of the screen in the right direction or the right end of the screen in the left direction.

In the first aspect, the photographing means photographs the two reflection surfaces of the V-shaped mirror connected to the front end as the photographing range from the vertex side of the V-shape. The photographing means photographs toward the rear side opposite to the vehicle traveling direction, so that the photographed image has the left direction seen from the vehicle to the right and the right direction to the left, and its reflected virtual images by the mirror are reversed left and right, respectively. . When the photographed images are collectively inverted left and right by the signal processing means, the left direction seen from the vehicle becomes the left side of the output screen, and the right direction becomes the electrostatic image, respectively, at the same time as the switching point.

By arranging the two reflecting surfaces substantially symmetrically with respect to the plane parallel to the center plane dividing the vehicle in the width direction, the photographing range is secured as wide as possible on both the right and left sides.

Moreover, when the optical axis of the optical system is made substantially horizontal, and arrange | positioned so that the upper and lower sides of the reflection surface may be substantially centered, the upper and lower sides will be taken evenly centering on the horizontal direction, and the area | region which checks safety will enter easily and reliably into the imaging field.

When the photographing means and the mirror are stored in the case and the photographing means is configured to photograph the outside of the case through the window, maintenance can be easily performed even in a bad environment outside the vehicle body.

7, 8 and 9 respectively define the distance between the reflecting surface and the optical system, the horizontal length of the reflecting surface, and the angle of the reflecting surface so that the reflecting surface smoothly enters the photographing range of the photographing means, making the whole compact. It is composed.

In the tenth aspect, since the two reflecting surfaces of the mirror are arranged up and down and are facing left and right opposite to each other, the left direction and the right direction are photographed by one photographing means. Since the reflecting surface is rotated by a predetermined angle around the optical axis of the photographing means, even if the reflecting surfaces in the left and right angular directions are divided up and down, imaging can be taken over the upper and lower ranges that sandwich the horizontal lines, respectively. Moreover, since the photographing means is also rotated about the optical axis by the same angle as the reflecting surface, the reflecting surfaces of the rotated mirror do not enter each other.

The reflected image by each reflecting surface is reversed left and right, respectively. When the picked-up images are collectively reversed left and right by the signal processing means, they become electrostatic images, respectively.

Each screen arranged up and down is extended horizontally to widen the angle of view.

And when the optical axis of a photographing means is made substantially horizontal, the direction centering on a horizontal direction will be image | photographed.

In addition, by making the angle formed between the plane M and the horizontal plane approximately 1/4 of the angle of view in the vertical direction of the photographing means, the upper and lower half are photographed equally up and down around the horizontal in each screen.

Furthermore, by making the optical axes of the photographing means substantially coincide with each other in the front-rear direction of the vehicle, and making the two reflecting surfaces mirror approximately axis-symmetric with respect to the optical axis, the photographing range is secured as wide as possible on both the right and left sides, making it easy to confirm.

When the index block is presented at the end of the output screen, it is easy to recognize whether the index block is a right screen or a left screen according to where the index block is located.

According to a seventeenth aspect, two sets of photographing means each photograph left and right without passing through a mirror. The images photographed by the respective photographing means are combined side by side up and down without the necessity of reversing left and right. Each screen arranged up and down is extended horizontally to widen the angle of view.

In the present invention, terms such as "vertical", "symmetry", "center", "horizontal", "center plane", "match", and "axis symmetry" need not be strictly interpreted. Indeed, the scope of the present invention can be interpreted as being substantially acceptable to the scope obtained by the effects of the present invention.

EMBODIMENT OF THE INVENTION Hereinafter, this invention is demonstrated based on drawing.

1 is an external perspective view of a camera device showing a first embodiment of the invention, FIG. 2 is a horizontal sectional view thereof, and FIG. 3 is a perspective view showing a state attached to the front end of the vehicle.

In the case 2 of a box shape, the CCD camera main body 10 is provided so that the optical system formed in the lens barrel 11 of 2 may face back (vehicle side). The CCD camera main body 10 includes a CCD element 12 as a two-dimensional image sensor in addition to an optical system, and a signal processing circuit 14 and a power supply circuit 15 are embedded in a circuit board 13 to capture a moving image. A composite video signal as a signal is output. The signal processing circuit 14 has a function of collectively inverting the entire screen left and right by the configuration as shown in FIG. 28, which is often used for general commercial cameras.

Behind the CCD camera main body 10, a V-shaped mirror 20 is disposed so that the planar reflecting surfaces 21 and 22 face outwards to face the optical system.

The case 2 becomes a waterproof structure, and the window 3 provided with the transparent body 4 is provided in the site | part corresponding to the reflecting surfaces 21 and 22 of the side wall 2a.

As the transparent body 4, high transmittance transparent resins, such as acryl and polycarbonate, glass, etc. are used. Through this window 3, the CCD camera main body 10 photographs the outside of the case 2, and during the second time, the range between the visual line directions u1 and u2, and the range between V ₁ and V ₂ are taken as the shooting range. do.

This camera unit 1 united in the case 2 is attached to the uppermost end on the center plane (surface dividing the vehicle in the width direction) of the vehicle S, as shown in FIG. have.

At this time, the attitude | position is provided so that the optical axis of the optical system of the CCD camera main body 10 may be parallel, and the normal line of the reflecting surfaces 21 and 22 may be parallel with a horizontal plane so that a horizontal line may become a horizontal line on a monitor screen. In other words, the CCD camera main body 10 and the reflecting surface are face symmetric with respect to the horizontal plane, whereby the upper and lower sides are uniformly photographed around the horizontal direction.

Moreover, the image image | photographed by the camera apparatus 1 is displayed on the monitor 8 comprised, for example, LCD etc. on the instrument panel K like 4th diagram.

Between the camera device 1 and the monitor 8, as shown in FIG. 5, a switching switch 6 is provided to output the image to the monitor 8 by manual switching by the driver. It can be turned OFF.

Here, a concrete numerical value is calculated | required about the specification of this camera apparatus 1.

The photographing range changes depending on the left and right offset amounts of the CCD camera main body 10 and the reflecting surfaces 21 and 22, and the inclination angles of the CCD camera main body and the reflecting surface. , The screen ratio was 1: 1.

Referring to FIG. 6 and FIG. 7 in which this is drawn, the angle of view taken in the horizontal direction of the CCD camera main body 10 is θ0, and the angle formed by the normals of the respective surfaces of the reflective surfaces 21 and 22 is 2. [Theta] m, a condition where the distance between the lens (tip of the lens barrel 11) of the CCD camera main body and the reflecting surfaces 21 and 22 is d and the length of the horizontal direction of one reflecting surface is L, and these conditions are satisfied. Obtain In addition, in FIG. 7, (b), (c), (d) is a detailed view of the part of (a). First, when the angle between the vehicle width direction and the rear end direction of the shooting range is θr, θr is considered when the vehicle body is projected and the image validity is considered.

Is preferably.

At this time, the angle 2 · θm formed by the normals of the respective surfaces of the reflective surfaces 21 and 22 is in the triangular ECD of (c) of FIG. 7,

90 ° + θ0 / 2 + {θm + (θm-θr)} = 180 °

In other words,

θm = 45 °-θ0 / 4 + θr / 2

Having a relationship of

45 °-θ0 / 4≤θm≤ 50 °-θ / 4

Must meet.

If the radius of the outer shape of the lens barrel 11 is R, the distance d between the lens and the reflecting surface is not shown in FIG. In

d ≥ Rtan (90 ° -2

Must meet.

When d becomes large, the reflecting surfaces 21 and 22 also need to be enlarged, leading to the enlargement of the camera apparatus 1. In addition, about 2 mm is required as an attachment tolerance. In these

R tan (90 °-2θm) ≤ d ≤ R tan (90 °-2θm) +2

Get the condition

Subsequently, when the angle of view of the CCD camera main body 10 is θ0 and the radius of the incident pupil of the optical system is r, the entire field of view of the CCD camera main body photographs the reflecting surfaces 21 and 22, and this V-shaped mirror 20 In order to be as small as possible, in the rectangular ABCD of FIG. 7 (d),

h '= Lsinθm

h '' = L cosθm-r

h '' / (h '+ d) = tan (θ0 / 2)

In relation to,

L ≒ (r + dtan (θ0 / 2)) / (cos (θm)-sin (θm) tan (θ0 / 2)

It is good to do.

Here, the specification of the CCD camera main body 10 is set to the horizontal angle of view θ0 = 60 °, the radius R of the lens barrel 11 = 7.Omm, the optical system entrance pupil r = 2.0 mm, and the direction immediately next to the apparatus. Is to photograph the range from front to back (ie, θr = 0 °).

At this time,

θm = 30 °

4.04 ≤ d ≤ 6.04 (mm)

It becomes

According to this, if D = 5 mm,

L ≒ 10.5 (mm)

It becomes

Furthermore, if the length x width x thickness of the circuit board 13 of the CCD camera body is 30 x 30 x 5 (mm), and the length of the lens barrel 11 is 20 mm, the required dimension of the unit is

Length: 5 + 20 + 5 + 10.5 × sin (30 °) = 35.25 (mm)

In addition, the width of the reflection surface,

2Lsin (30 °) = 10.5 (mm)

It depends on the size of the circuit board 13. Here, the width is 30 mm.

The height of the reflecting surfaces 21, 22 is a ratio of width to height of the field of view of the CCD camera body as 4: 3,

10.5 × 3/4 = 7.9 (mm)

This also depends on the size of the circuit board. Here, the height is set to 30 mm.

In summary, as shown in FIG. 8, the dimension of the resource is considered to be the minimum size of the unit in consideration of the case 2,

Length × width × height = 40 × 30 × 30 (mm)

It becomes about.

The circuit board 13 of the CCD camera main body actually needs about one more for the signal processing signal 14, the power supply circuit 15, etc., but is sufficiently accommodated in a space such as the lower part of the lens barrel 11 or the like. .

The operation is explained next.

As shown in Fig. 9A, the CCD camera main body 10 photographs the reflection image via the reflection surfaces 21 and 22 through a window not shown. Then, as for the image photographed by the CCD camera main body 10, as shown in (b), the right half of the image becomes the inverted image (GHL) in the front of the vehicle, and the left half is inverted image (GHR) in the right of the vehicle. do.

The image is collectively reversed left and right by the signal processing circuit 14 built in the CCD camera main body 10.

When the left and right collective inversion is performed, the screen in each direction can be corrected. As a result, as shown in (C), the electrostatic images GR and GL presenting the clocks of the right and left sides, respectively, on the right and left sides are obtained. This video output is transferred to the monitor 8 and displayed as it is.

As described above, according to the present embodiment, the CCD camera main body 10 is rearward, and the V-shaped mirror 20 with the reflective surface facing outward is disposed opposite the lens thereof, and the left and right sides of the vehicle are photographed, and the CCD is photographed. Since the video signal is sent out and displayed on the monitor 8 by the signal processing of the camera main body 14, the entire screen is inverted from side to side, and the electrostatic image is monitored without requiring a complicated and expensive additional controller. ) Can be displayed.

As a result, when the two sides come out of a road viewed from an alley where it is difficult to see from side to side to a wall or a building while driving a vehicle with food such as a sedan, as shown in FIG. 10, the tip of the vehicle S is Both left and right directions are taken at the same time at the position which does not protrude on the main road, and the photographing field RS covers the area 2, which becomes a blind spot in the driver's own eyes, Cars, bicycles, pedestrians, etc.)

By making the shooting range symmetrical, it is easy to determine where the image was taken when the driver actually viewed the monitor image. At the same time, since the optical axis system of the CCD camera main body 10 is provided in the direction of photographing the upper and lower sides evenly around the horizontal direction, the area for confirming safety easily and reliably enters the photographing field of view. Furthermore, by setting the left / right split ratio of the screen to 1: 1, the right-handed shooting range is secured to the maximum term on both the right and left sides, making it easy to confirm. In addition, since the camera device 1 is attached to the center of the width at the top end of the vehicle S, the camera device 1 is least affected by the entry angle to the intersection of the vehicle, and even if the entry angle to the intersection is changed, There is an advantage in securing the position.

Moreover, in the above embodiment, the positional relationship of the reflecting surfaces 21 and 22 with respect to the CCD camera main body 10 is made up, down, left and right simultaneously, but is not limited to this. That is, the positional relationship between the CCD camera main body and the V-shaped mirror has a degree of freedom in the offset amounts and the respective inclination angles between them, whereby the shooting range and the like can be changed.

When the offset amount of the CCD camera main body 10 and the reflecting surfaces 21 and 22 changes, the ratio which the reflected image which arises in each reflecting surface of a V-shaped mirror occupies on a photography screen changes. When the inclination angle of one or more of the CCD camera, the main body, or the two reflecting surfaces changes, the angle range that is reflected on the reflecting surface changes. Therefore, if necessary, not only the photographing range in the left and right directions, but also the photographing range in the vertical direction can be arbitrarily changed.

In the embodiment, the camera device 1 is attached on the width center plane of the vehicle S. However, since the driver's seat is usually horizontally offset from the center of the vehicle, the right hand driver's driver It can also be installed in front of the front. According to this, the distance to the subject (such as another vehicle) is actually closer to that seen by the driver himself, making it easier to grasp the perspective of the subject.

In addition, as an installation site | part to the vehicle body of the camera apparatus 1, arbitrary points in front of a driver's seat, such as on the bonnet SB and the lower part of bumper BP, can be selected. Further, in the embodiment, the connection between the camera device 1 and the monitor 8 is connected by the manual changeover switch 6, but in addition, an automatic changeover switch or the like which operates in accordance with the vehicle speed or the like can be provided.

In addition, instead of the CCD camera main body 10, a photographing tube or the like can be used as the photographing means of the camera device 1. The reflecting surface of the V-shaped mirror may be a reflecting surface in which a planar reflecting plate is extended and a curved surface is connected thereto. For example, a block mirror widens the angle of view.

Moreover, the monitor 8 is not limited to a dedicated one, and may be useful only when a monitor for a television receiver, a monitor for navigation, or the like is required.

12 shows a second embodiment of the present invention. In this embodiment, the left and right bidirectional shooting screens are divided and displayed on one monitor.

(A) is a top view which shows the inside by removing the upper wall of the case 2A, (b) is a back view which shows the inside by removing the short wall 2Ab of the CCD camera main body 30 side, (c) is a side view which shows the inside by removing side wall 2Aa.

The camera device 1A forwards the optical system in which the CCD camera main body 30 having the CCD element 32 as a two-dimensional image sensor is formed in the lens barrel 31 thereof (in the vehicle traveling direction) in the case 2A on the box. It is installed toward.

The CCD camera main body 30 has a circuit board 33 including a signal processing circuit in addition to the lens barrel 31 and the CCD element 32. In the case of a passenger car, when DC 12V is applied as a power source, a motion picture is taken and a composite video signal as a video channel is output. In addition, the signal processing circuit has a function to collectively reverse the left and right of the entire screen commonly used in commercial cameras.

In front of the CCD camera main body 30, the mirror 40 provided with planar reflecting surfaces 41 and 42 opposite to the lens cylinder 31 thereof is arranged on the optical axis P in axisymmetrical fashion.

The case 2A becomes a waterproof structure, and the window 3A provided with the transparent body 4A is provided in the site | part corresponding to the reflective surface of the mirror 40 of the side wall 2Aa. Through this window 3A, the CCD camera main body 30 captures the outside of the case 2A. As 4 A of transparent bodies, high transmittance transparent resins, such as an acryl and a polycarbonate, glass, etc. are used like the transparent body 4 of a previous Example.

In addition, in the figure, the white surface shows the reflecting surface and the hatching surface shows the non-reflective surface with respect to the mirror 40. As shown in FIG. The same applies to other drawings.

The camera device 1A unitized with a case 2A is provided on the bumper BP on the center of the vehicle width (in front of the grill), on the rear side of the license plate, or the like, as in the first embodiment. The optical axis of 30 coincides with the front-rear direction of the vehicle, and is also forwardly and horizontally attached as described above.

The optical system has an angle of view of about 45 ° in the horizontal direction (= horizontal direction). The angle of view is determined by the focal length f of the lens and the size of the CCD. For example, when using a 1/3 inch (4.8 x 3.6 mm) CCD element, it is good to set f = 5.8 mm.

As shown in FIG. 13, a mask 47 is attached on the light receiving surface 32a of the CCD element 32 so that the upper and lower windows 48UP and 48LW are slightly offset in the horizontal direction. .

The positional relationship between the CCD camera main body 30 and the mirror 40 with respect to the case 2A is that the optical axis P of the CCD camera main body 30 is arranged as shown in (a) as shown in FIG. It rotated centering on and it was set as (b). In the figure, the lens barrel 31, the CCD element 32, and the mirror 40 are taken out and displayed by the triangular method.

First, in (a), the horizontal plane coincides with the horizontal direction of the CCD camera main body 30, and the optical axis of the lens barrel 31 is horizontal.

The two reflecting surfaces 41, 42 of the mirror 40 are separated in the horizontal plane including the optical axis P of the lens barrel 31, and the reflecting surface 41 facing to the right exists only above the horizontal line including the optical axis. And the reflecting surface 42 facing the left axis exists only below the horizontal line including the optical axis.

On these two reflection surfaces 41 and 42, the size of the mirror 40 is determined so as to cover all the photographing angles of view of the CCD camera main body 30.

The angle of the mirror needs to be changed depending on the angle of view of the CCD camera body 30 and the photographing range, but the angle formed between the optical axis of the lens barrel 31 and the normal of the reflecting surface is 56.3 ° on both sides.

In the arrangement of (b), in the above (a), the CCD camera main body 30 and the mirror 40 are simultaneously rotated θ = 8.6 ° about the optical axis of the lens barrel 31. The value of θ is 1/4 of an angle of view 34.5 ° in the vertical direction.

The operation is explained next.

First, the CCD camera main body 30 simultaneously photographs the left and right directions outside the case 2A by photographing the virtual images reflected on the two reflective surfaces of the mirror through the window.

Since the CCD camera main body 30 and the mirror 40 are rotated and inclined by the same angle about the optical axis center, as shown in Fig. 15A, the boundary between the mirror reflecting surfaces 41 and 42 is horizontal on the photographing screen. The photographing screens GAHR and GAHL in the right and left directions are divided up and down.

In addition, since both the CCD camera main body 30 and the mirror 40 are rotated by the same amount, in the upper half of the screen (the screen in which the right side is photographed in the illustrated example), the top and bottom uniformity is centered on the horizontal ( It is photographed well. Similarly, in the lower half screen (the screen which photographed the left side in the example shown in the figure), it image | photographs evenly up and down about horizontal.

In this case, since the image is divided into two vertically and the left and right directions are photographed, there is no need to invert left and right independently, and the photographed images are collectively inverted left and right by the signal processing circuit of the CCD camera main body, as shown in FIG. Electrostatic images (GAR, GAL) can be obtained.

Thus, the monitor display example of the image picked up by the CCD camera main body 30 is shown in FIG.

When both the angle formed by the optical axis of the optical system of the lens cylinder 31 and the normal of each reflective surface of the mirror 40 are 56.3 °, the range photographed by the CCD camera body 30 through the mirror 40 is Although 45 ° right next to the vehicle, the angle of view is reduced by the mask to about 40 °.

Due to the mask 47 attached on the light receiving surface 32a of the CCD element 32, the screen output to the monitor has a left end in the upper half of the photographing screen GAR, and a left half of the lower half of the imaging screen ( In the GAL), an index block BK marked black is created, respectively. This improves the recognition of the upper half being the right and the lower half being the left image.

Here, in order to facilitate understanding of the operation of this embodiment, a vertical division method in which the mirrors 83 and 84 are not rotated around the optical axis of the CCD camera main body 80 will be described as a comparative example.

The arrangement of (a) shown in FIG. 17 in the comparative example is almost the same as in FIG. 14 (a). In this arrangement, when the output screen is viewed on a monitor, the screen on the right is projected in the upper half, and the screen on the left is projected in the lower half. However, the screen on the right, which occupies the upper half, only displays upward than the horizontal direction, and the screen on the left, which occupies the lower half, only displays lower than the horizontal direction.

This is because the mirrors 83 and 84 are provided vertically in the horizontal plane. Therefore, the lower half of the screen is also reflected on the upper half of the screen and the lower half of the screen is also reflected on the lower half of the screen, so that the upper mirror 83 is lowered in the downward (D) direction. It is the arrangement | positioning of (b) of the figure which inclined to the upper U direction.

Thereby, the upper and lower mirrors 83 can also see up and down directions centering on the horizontal plane.

However, since the mirror is tilted, there arises a problem that another mirror shines in each mirror as in the eighteenth degree. That is, by inclining each mirror separated from the horizontal plane including the optical axis, and photographing the opposite side from the horizontal plane including the optical axis, as shown in FIG. 19, the points of the respective mirrors 83 and 84 intersect in the camera line X. This means that the optical path of the line of sight XS is blocked at a part of the counterpart mirror at the inner part, so that the field of view is narrowed, and instead, it enters each other.

In contrast, in the present embodiment, the CCD camera main body 30 is also rotated simultaneously with the inclination of the mirror 40. In other words, the respective reflecting surfaces of the mirror are rotated as they are not reflected.

The present embodiment is configured as described above, and at the front of the CCD camera main body 30, the mirror 40 having two reflective surfaces separated from the horizontal plane is arranged, and the CCD camera main body 30 and the mirror 40 are disposed. Since it is set as the arrangement which rotated both sides by the same, it is taken by equal distribution up and down about horizontal at the upper and lower respective surfaces.

In this case, as in the first embodiment, an electrostatic image which does not require a complicated and expensive additional controller or the like can be displayed on the monitor, and the traffic situation can be checked when exiting the road from a bad alley.

By providing the mirror-like mirror surface on the optical axis, the traffic situation can be confirmed when the driver actually sees the monitor image.

By axially symmetrically providing the reflective surface on the optical axis, it is easy to determine where the image is actually depicted when the driver actually sees the monitor image, and nevertheless masks the light-receiving surface of the CCD element and contrasts the upper and lower screens. It is highly recognizable because an index block with a black mark is presented at the phosphorus site.

On the other hand, by rotating both of the same CCD camera main body and the mirror by the same amount, a wide field of view is secured without the two mirrors shining in.

In addition, since the camera device 1A is attached on the width center plane at the top of the vehicle, the camera device 1A is least affected by the entry angle at the intersection of the vehicle, and the position near the tip of the vehicle even if the entry angle at the intersection is changed. There is an advantage to secure it.

In addition, since the screens GAR and GAL in each direction are made to be horizontal lengths, the effect is that the angle of view in the left and right directions (horizontal direction) can be widened as it is at the same magnification.

In addition, in the present embodiment, the possibility of misunderstanding is reduced as to where the mirror 40 is symmetrically in the state before the rotation around the optical axis. . Since the photographing range changes by changing the angle of the mirror, each can be set left or right according to the area of the field of view to be obtained.

In addition, as in the previous embodiment, when the reflective surface of the mirror 40 is a convex surface, the angle of view can be widened.

Furthermore, in this embodiment, the rotation angle θ of the optical axis is 1/4 of the angle of view in the vertical direction of the CCD camera main body 30, so that the photographing range is equalized up and down about the horizontal direction. The angle of rotation may be reduced when the upper side is to be viewed slightly above the horizontal, and the angle of rotation may be increased when the center is slightly below the horizontal.

Next, as a third embodiment, a modification of the above-described second embodiment is shown. This masks the mirror instead of the CCD 32.

FIG. 20 shows the arrangement of the CCD camera body 50 and the mirror 60 corresponding to FIG. 14 of the previous embodiment in the camera body 1B, and is similarly shown by a triangular method.

The CCD camera main body 50 capable of capturing a moving image has left and right collective inversion functions as in the respective embodiments.

The angle of view in the horizontal direction of the optical cradle of the lens barrel 51 of the CCD camera body 50 is about 50 degrees. The angle of view is determined by the focal length f of the lens and the size of the CCD element 52. For example, when using a 1 / 3-inch CCD element (4.8 x 3.6 mm), f = 5.1 mm may be used.

A mirror 60 having two reflecting surfaces is disposed in front of the lens barrel 51. The mirror 60 is separated into a plane M parallel to the corresponding side in the left and right directions including the optical axis of the lens barrel 51, so that the reflective surface 61 facing to the left is only above the plane M, The reflecting surface 62 which faces to the right exists only below the plane M. As shown in FIG.

As in the previous embodiment, in the state where the horizontal direction of the CCD camera main body 50 and the horizontal plane coincide, the CCD camera main body 50 and the mirror 60 are simultaneously θ = 9.6 about the optical axis of the lens barrel 51. It is rotating. The value of θ is 1/4 of an angle of view of 38.6 ° in the vertical direction.

The mirror 60 is its two reflecting surfaces whose size is determined so as to cover all of the imaging angles of view of the CCD camera body 50.

The angle of the reflecting surface is determined by the angle of view of the CCD camera body and the photographing range, but the angle formed between the optical axis of the lens barrel 51 and the normal of the reflecting surface is 52.5 ° at the same time.

Although the part of the mask 67 and the remaining part of the reflecting surface cover all the photographing angles of the CCD camera main body 50, the mask 67 surface is prevented from entering the field of view for photographing the reflected virtual image.

Masking is given to the edge part on each reflective surface of the mirror 60. The mask 67 is, for example, a gloss clear black coating having a low diffusion reflectance, so that a reflection image is not generated. As the mask 67, other things, such as diffusing light or absorbing light, are used.

Including the attachment posture to the vehicle, the other configuration is the same as in the previous embodiment. In the present embodiment, the direction of the upper and lower reflecting surfaces is reversed from the previous embodiment.

Also in this embodiment, since the CCD camera main body 50 and the mirror 60 are rotated by the same angle, the separation boundary of the reflection surface of the mirror becomes horizontal on the photographing screen, and the photographing screen in the left and right directions is divided up and down. do. In addition, since the CCD camera main body 50 and the mirror 60 are rotated by 1/4 of the angle of view in the vertical direction, the upper and lower half of each of the upper and lower half images are uniformly photographed horizontally.

In addition, by setting the angle formed between the optical axis of the lens barrel 51 and the reflection surface normal of the mirror to 52.5 °, the photographing range of the CCD camera main body 50 through the mirror 60 is as shown in FIG. 21. It becomes the area | region RSA of about 35 degrees forward from the back 10 degrees from right side of (S). However, the angle of view decreases by the amount by the mask 67.

Then, for the mask 67 implemented on the mirror 60, the screen output to the monitor has an index block at the right end in the upper half (the image on the left side) and at the left end in the lower half (the image on the right side). This is presented. This has the advantage that the upper half is to the left and the lower half is to the right.

In addition, in this embodiment, it is not necessary to be flat with respect to the part of the mask 67, and it is curved, or like 22nd degree, the mask 68 makes the angle different from the part of the reflecting surfaces 61 and 62. You may have Moreover, it may be in a separate surface, and it is also possible to use a part of case.

23 shows a fourth embodiment. This is equipped with two CCD camera bodies to photograph the left and right directions of the vehicle individually.

This camera device IC is provided on the bumper of a vehicle, the rear side of a license plate, etc.

The camera device IC is configured with two CCD camera bodies 70R, 70L in a case 2C having transparent windows 3C, 3C made of resin or glass on the left and right side walls 2Ca. Each CCD camera main body 70R, 70L is installed inclined slightly in front of the right side and the left side of a vehicle in the substantially horizontal direction, respectively, and the case 2C through said window 3C, 3C. Shoot the outside.

The two CCD camera bodies 70R and 70L are each configured with the same specifications for capturing moving images, and are equipped with a lens barrel 71, a CCD element 72, and a circuit board 73 in the same manner as in the above embodiments. .

The aspect ratio of the photographing screen of each CCD camera main body 70R, 70L is set to 8: 3 from 8: 3. This is realized by the size of the light receiving surface of the CCD element 72 or by masking or signal processing at the rear end.

The actual angle of view in the left and right directions of the optical system of the lens barrel 71 is about 40 degrees.

In the case 2C, a signal synthesizing circuit 75 is provided so that the images captured by the two CCD camera bodies 70R and 70L are combined with the left and right collectively inverted signals in the internal signal processing circuit, respectively. Is output as a video signal. For example, a composite video signal (NCSC signal) output having an aspect ratio of 4: 3 is output after the screens of an aspect ratio of 8: 3.

In the signal synthesizing circuit 75, the synthesizing offsets the upper and lower screens in the left and right directions to obtain a display screen that is the same as the sixteenth embodiment of the second embodiment in the monitor.

That is, an index block displayed in black appears at the left end in the upper half of the display screen which is the shooting screen of the right side and at the right end of the lower half of the display screen of the right side. This improves the recognition of the upper portion being on the right and the lower half being on the left. It is also easy to stereoscopically display the upper half and the lower half. Also in this embodiment, it is possible to confirm safety at an unsightly crossing point, and furthermore, by obtaining a horizontal screen in each direction, it is possible to take a wide angle of view in the left-right direction (horizontal direction).

As described above, the present invention is a vehicle camera that outputs an output screen video signal for display on a monitor, comprising: a mirror in which two reflective surfaces facing left and right are connected to the front end, and the two reflective surfaces are photographed in a shooting range; Since the photographing means is configured to output the video signal by collectively inverting the photographed image of the photographed image, the special controller or the like for performing the image inversion processing independently of the left and right can be produced unnecessarily and inexpensively. Has the effect of being constructed.

By arranging the two reflecting surfaces substantially symmetrically with respect to the plane parallel to the center plane dividing the vehicle in the width direction, the range for photographing on both the right and left sides is secured to the widest extent.

In addition, by making the optical axis of the optical system of the photographing means substantially vertical, and arranging it through the center of the upper and lower sides of the reflective surface, the upper and lower sides are taken evenly in the horizontal direction, and the area to be checked is easily and surely entered into the photographing field. Gets the effect.

In addition, since the photographing means and the mirror are stored in the case and the photographing means is configured to photograph the outside of the case through a window, maintenance can be easily performed even in a bad environment outside the vehicle body.

In addition, a mirror in which the two reflecting surfaces are inclined to the left and right, and disposed up and down with each other, and photographing means having the two reflecting surfaces as the photographing range, are provided with the photographing means and the reflecting surface around the optical axis of the photographing means. In the case of integrally rotating by a predetermined angle, the screens are lengthened horizontally without reflecting the mirrors of the rotated mirrors, so that a special controller or the like for performing independent image inversion processing can be manufactured at low cost. In addition to this, there is an effect that a wide angle of view can be obtained.

And when the optical axis of a photographing means is made substantially horizontal, the direction centering on a horizontal direction will be image | photographed, and the angle of said rotation is made into about 1/4 of the angle of view of the up-down direction of a photographing means, The top and bottom are evenly shot with the horizontal as the center of the screen.

Furthermore, if the optical axis of the photographing means is substantially aligned in the front-rear direction of the vehicle, and the two reflecting surfaces of the mirror are approximately axisymmetric with respect to the optical axis, both the left and the right are secured to the widest possible range, and the confirmation is particularly easy. There is an advantage.

By presenting the index block at the end of the output screen, it is easy to recognize whether the index block is a screen in the right direction or a screen in the left direction.

In addition, when the photographing means and the mirror are arranged on the approximate center plane dividing the width of the vehicle in the vicinity of the tip of the vehicle, it is difficult to be influenced by the angle of entry to the intersection, so that the camera body is positioned near the extreme end of the vehicle. It is possible.

In addition, by arranging the photographing means and the mirror in front of the driver's seat near the tip of the vehicle, there is an advantage that the driver's own perspective and the perspective on the photographing screen can be made almost the same.

Claims (18)

A camera mounted near the tip of a vehicle and outputting an output screen video signal for display on a monitor, A mirror having two reflecting surfaces for reflecting an image to a photographing means, the two reflecting surfaces respectively facing left and right with respect to the vehicle traveling direction and connected to the front end; An image signal having a two-dimensional image sensor, an optical system, and a myth processing means, disposed at the front of the mirror, with the two reflecting surfaces in the photographing range with the photographing direction facing backwards, and the photographed images collectively inverted left and right Vehicle camera, characterized in that configured as a shooting means for outputting. 2. The vehicle camera according to claim 1, wherein the mirrors are arranged symmetrically with respect to a plane parallel to a center plane at which two reflecting surfaces are perpendicular to the horizontal plane, respectively, and which divides the vehicle in the width direction. The vehicle camera according to claim 1, wherein the photographing means is arranged such that the optical axis of the optical system is horizontal and passes through the upper and lower centers of the two reflective surfaces of the mirror. 4. The photographing apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the photographing means and the mirror are stored in a case, and the case is provided with transparent windows on the left and right sidewalls corresponding to the two reflective surfaces of the mirror. Means are configured to photograph the outside of the case through the reflective surface and the window. The vehicle camera according to claim 4, wherein the photographing means and the mirror are arranged at a center plane dividing the width of the vehicle by two at the vicinity of the tip of the vehicle. The vehicle camera according to claim 4, wherein the photographing means and the mirror are arranged in front of the driver's seat near the tip of the vehicle. A camera mounted near the tip of a vehicle and outputting an output screen video signal for display on a monitor, Two reflecting surfaces for reflecting the image to the photographing means, the two reflecting surfaces respectively facing left and right with respect to the vehicle traveling direction, and at the same time as the mirror connected at the front end side; An image signal having a two-dimensional image sensor, an optical system, and a signal processing means, disposed in the front part of the mirror, with the two reflecting surfaces as the photographing range with the photographing direction toward the rear; Photographing means for outputting a case, and a case for storing the photographing means and a mirror, The case is provided with a transparent window on the left and right side walls corresponding to the two reflective surfaces of the mirror, The photographing means photographs the outside of the case through the reflective surface and the window, The mirror has two reflecting surfaces, each planar, perpendicular to the horizontal plane, and symmetrically disposed with respect to a plane parallel to the center plane dividing the vehicle in the width direction, The photographing means is arranged such that the optical axis of the optical system is horizontal and passes through the upper and lower centers of the two reflecting surfaces of the mirror, the radius of the outer diameter of the optical system is R, and each surface of the reflecting surface is a normal line. If the rune angle is 2 · θm and the distance between the reflecting surface and the optical system is d, Rtan (90 °-2θm) ≤ d ≤ Rtan (90 ° -2θm) + 2 (mm) A vehicle camera characterized in that this is established. A camera mounted near the tip of a vehicle and outputting an output screen video signal for display on a monitor, A mirror having two reflecting surfaces for reflecting an image to a photographing means, the two reflecting surfaces respectively facing left and right with respect to the vehicle traveling direction and connected to the front end; An image signal having a two-dimensional image sensor, an optical system, and signal processing means, disposed in the front part of the mirror, with the two reflecting surfaces as the photographing range with the photographing direction facing backwards, and the photographed images collectively inverted left and right Photographing means for outputting a case, and a case for storing the photographing means and a mirror, The case is provided with transparent windows on the left and right sidewalls corresponding to the two reflective surfaces of the mirror, and the photographing means photographs the outside of the case through the reflective surface and the window, The mirror has two reflecting planes, each plane is perpendicular to the horizontal plane, and is symmetrically disposed with respect to a plane parallel to the center plane dividing the vehicle in the width direction, and the photographing means has an optical axis of the optical system horizontally. The angle of view taken by the photographing means is θ0, the radius of the entrance pupil of the optical system is r, and the angle formed by the normals of the respective surfaces of the mirror. Is 2 · θm, the distance between the reflecting surface and the optical system is d, and the horizontal length of one reflecting surface is L A vehicle camera characterized in that L ≒ (r + dtan (θ / 2) / (cos (θm)-sin (θ0 / 2) · tan (θ0 / 2)) is established. A camera mounted near the tip of a vehicle and outputting an output screen video signal for display on a monitor, A mirror which is provided with two reflecting surfaces for reflecting an image to a photographing means, each of which reflects the two reflecting surfaces toward left and right outward with respect to the vehicle traveling direction and is connected to the front end side; A video signal having a two-dimensional image sensor, an optical system, and signal processing means, disposed at the front of the mirror, with the two reflecting surfaces as the photographing range with the photographing direction toward the rear; Photographing means for outputting a case, and a case for storing the photographing means and a mirror, The case is provided with transparent windows on the left and right sidewalls corresponding to the two reflective surfaces of the mirror, and the photographing means photographs the outside of the case through the reflective surface and the window, The mirror has two reflective surfaces, each plane is symmetrical, and is disposed symmetrically with respect to a plane parallel to a center plane dividing the vehicle in the width direction perpendicular to the horizontal plane, respectively. When the angle of view taken by the photographing means is θ0 and the normal of each surface of the reflecting surface is 2 · θm, it is arranged to pass through the upper and lower centers of the two reflecting surfaces of the mirror. 45 °-θ0 / 4≤θm ≤ 50 °-θ0 / 4 A vehicle camera characterized in that this is established. A camera mounted near the tip of a vehicle and outputting an output screen video signal for display on a monitor, A mirror having two reflecting surfaces for reflecting an image to a photographing means, the two reflecting surfaces being inclined from side to side with respect to the vehicle traveling direction, and arranged up and down with each other; And a two-dimensional image sensor, an optical system, and signal processing means, disposed at the rear part of the mirror, and the two reflecting surfaces are set as the photographing range with the photographing direction facing forward. Composed of photographing means for outputting, The plane parallel to the side corresponding to the left and right direction of the output screen of the photographing means and including the optical axis of the photographing means is M, the two reflecting surfaces of the mirror are respectively perpendicular to the plane M, and the optical axis A camera according to claim 1, wherein the photographing means and the mirror are integrally rotated by a predetermined angle. The vehicle camera according to claim 10, wherein the optical axis of the photographing means is horizontal. 12. The vehicle camera according to claim 11, wherein the angle formed on the horizontal plane with the plane (M) is 1/4 of an angle of view in the vertical direction of the photographing means. 13. The vehicle camera according to any one of claims 10 to 12, wherein the optical axis of the photographing means is aligned in the front-rear direction of the vehicle, and two reflective surfaces of the mirror are axisymmetric with respect to the optical axis. The vehicle camera according to claim 13, wherein an index block is presented on at least the left end of the screen in the right direction or the right end of the screen in the left direction on the output screen of the photographing means. The vehicle camera of claim 14, wherein the indicator block is an image of a low reflectance material, a light diffusing material, or a light absorber applied to a reflective surface of the mirror. 15. The display block according to claim 14, wherein the indicator block divides the light receiving surface of the two-dimensional image sensor of the photographing means equally up and down and is divided into the left end of the screen in the right direction or the right end of the screen in the left direction among the divided light receiving surfaces. A vehicular camera, which is a mask area for shielding a corresponding area. A camera that is mounted on a vehicle and outputs an output screen video signal for display on a monitor. Two photographing means having a two-dimensional image sensor and an optical system, each of which has its optical axis horizontally and in opposite directions from left to right; And an image synthesizing circuit for synthesizing the images photographed by the two photographing means side by side up and down. 18. The vehicle camera according to claim 17, wherein the indicator block is presented on the output screen of the photographing means at the left end of the right direction screen or the right end of the left direction screen.