KR0172040B1 - Method of forming intrinsic conductive insulating film of semiconductor device - Google Patents
Method of forming intrinsic conductive insulating film of semiconductor device Download PDFInfo
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- KR0172040B1 KR0172040B1 KR1019950007833A KR19950007833A KR0172040B1 KR 0172040 B1 KR0172040 B1 KR 0172040B1 KR 1019950007833 A KR1019950007833 A KR 1019950007833A KR 19950007833 A KR19950007833 A KR 19950007833A KR 0172040 B1 KR0172040 B1 KR 0172040B1
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- H01L21/02271—Forming insulating materials on a substrate characterised by the process for the formation of the insulating layer formation by a deposition process deposition from the gas or vapour phase deposition by decomposition or reaction of gaseous or vapour phase compounds, i.e. chemical vapour deposition
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Abstract
본 발명은 반도체 소자의 고유전 절연막 형성방법에 관한 것으로, 증착된 BST박막내에 존재하는 전기적 열화 인자를 감소시키기 위하여 유기 성분의 반응 원료를 사용하여 다층으로 BST박막을 증착하되, 각 증착단계 후 O2플라즈마(Plasma)에 의해 발생되는 발생기 산소를 이용하여 증착된 BST박막내에 존재하는 전기적 열화 인자를 감소시키므로써 높은 유전율과 양호한 전기적 특성을 얻을 수 있어 소자의 신뢰성을 향상시킬 수 있는 반도체 소자의 고유전 절연막 형성방법에 관한 것이다.The present invention relates to a method for forming a high dielectric insulating film of a semiconductor device, in order to reduce the electrical deterioration factor present in the deposited BST thin film by depositing a BST thin film in multiple layers using a reaction raw material of an organic component, after each deposition step O 2 By using generator oxygen generated by plasma to reduce the electrical deterioration factor existing in the deposited BST thin film, high dielectric constant and good electrical characteristics can be obtained, and thus the reliability of the device can be improved. It relates to a whole insulating film forming method.
Description
제1도 및 제2도는 본 발명에 따른 반도체 소자의 고유전 절연막 형성방법을 설명하기 위한 소자의 단면도.1 and 2 are cross-sectional views of a device for explaining a method of forming a high dielectric insulating film of a semiconductor device according to the present invention.
* 도면의 주요부분에 대한 부호의 설명* Explanation of symbols for main parts of the drawings
1 : 실리콘 기관 2 : 접합부1: silicon organ 2: junction
3 : 절연층 4 : 전하저장전극3: insulating layer 4: charge storage electrode
5 : 고유전 절연막 5a 내지 5e : 제1내지 제5BST박막5: high dielectric insulating film 5a to 5e: first to fifth BST thin film
6 : 산소 과잉층6: oxygen excess layer
본 발명은 반도체 소자의 고유전 절연막 형성방법에 관한 것으로, 특히 유기 성분의 반응 원료를 사용하여 다층으로 BST박막을 증착하되, 각 증착단계 후 O2플라즈마(Plasma)에 의해 발생되는 발생기 산소를 이용하여 증착된 BTS박막내에 존재하는 전기적 열화 인자를 감소시킴으로써 높은 유전율과 양호한 전기적 특성을 얻을 수 있도록 한 반도체 소자의 고유전 절연막 형성방법에 관한 것이다.The present invention relates to a method of forming a high dielectric insulating film of a semiconductor device, and in particular, depositing a BST thin film in a multilayer using a reaction raw material of an organic component, using generator oxygen generated by O 2 plasma after each deposition step. The present invention relates to a method of forming a high-k dielectric insulating film of a semiconductor device capable of obtaining high dielectric constant and good electrical characteristics by reducing an electrical deterioration factor present in the deposited BTS thin film.
일반적으로 디램(DRAM)등과 같은 반도체 소자가 고집적화됨에 따라 셀(Cell)의 면적은 급격하게 축소된다. 그러나 소자의 동작을 위해서는 단위 셀당 일정량 이상의 정전용량(Capacitance)을 반드시 확보해야 한다. 이에 따라 셀의 동작에 필요한 정전용량을 그대로 유지하면서 그 캐패시터(Capacitor)가 차지하는 칩(Chip)상의 면적을 최소화하며 일정 수준 이상의 정전용량을 확보하기 위해 고도의 공정 기술 개발과 소자의 신뢰성 확보가 큰 문제점으로 대두되고 있다.In general, as semiconductor devices such as DRAM and the like are highly integrated, an area of a cell is rapidly reduced. However, to operate the device, a certain amount of capacitance per unit cell must be secured. Accordingly, while maintaining the capacitance required for the operation of the cell as it is, while minimizing the area on the chip occupied by the capacitor (Capacitor), to develop a high process technology and secure the reliability of the device to secure a certain level of capacitance It is a problem.
이러한 문제점을 해결하기 위한 하나의 방법으로 BTS(Barium-Strontium Titanate)박막과 같은 고유전 절연막을 사용하는데, 종래의 고유전 절연막 형성방법을 설명하면 다음과 같다.As a method for solving this problem, a high dielectric insulating film such as a barium-strontium titanate (BTS) thin film is used. A conventional high dielectric insulating film forming method will be described below.
종래 반도체 소자의 제조에 이용되는 고유전 절연막의 형성방법은 먼저 유기 성분의 반응 원료를 사용하여 AST(BaxSr1-xTiO3)박막을 증착한 후 박막내에 존재하는 전기적 열화 인자를 제거하기 위해 고온의 산소(O2)분위기하에서 열처리하는데, 상기 고온의 열처리에 의해 전기적 열화 인자중 카본(Carbon) 및 습기(Moisture)등은 쉽게 제거될 수 있으나, 산소 공핍 결함 및 결정화가 발생되어 전기적 특성을 저하시키게 된다. 더욱이 BTS박막은 약 600℃정도의 온도 부근에서부터 결정화되기 때문에 BTS박막 전체 내부의 산소 공핍 결함을 방지하는 것은 거의 불가능하며, 박막의 결정화에 의해 박막내의 결정 방향이 일정하게 배열되기 때문에 미세 구조결함에 의한 전기적 특성 열화의 요소로 작용한다.A method of forming a high dielectric insulating film used in the manufacture of a conventional semiconductor device is to first deposit an AST (B ax S r1-x TiO 3 ) thin film using a reaction raw material of an organic component, and then remove the electrical deterioration factor present in the thin film. The heat treatment under high temperature oxygen (O 2 ) atmosphere, but the carbon and moisture among the electrical deterioration factors can be easily removed by the high temperature heat treatment, but the oxygen depletion defect and crystallization are generated, resulting in electrical characteristics. Will lower. In addition, since the BTS thin film is crystallized from around 600 ° C., it is almost impossible to prevent oxygen depletion defects in the entire BTS thin film, and the crystal direction in the thin film is constantly arranged by crystallization of the thin film. It acts as a factor of deterioration of electrical characteristics.
고온의 산소 분위기에서의 열처리에 의해 산소 공핍 결합 및 결정화가 발생되는 이유를 설명하면 다음과 같다.The reason why oxygen depletion and crystallization are generated by heat treatment in a high temperature oxygen atmosphere is as follows.
BTS박막에 고온 열처리 공정을 실시할 경우 BTS박막의 열평형 상태는 저온의 열평형 상태보다 쉽게 박막내의 산소 결합이 활성화(excite)되도록 한다. 이로 인해 BTS박막내의 산소 결합이 약해지고 외부에서 공급되는 산소도 받아들이기 어려워지며, 심지어 증착직후 BTS박막내에 결합하여 존재하는 산소마저도 떨어져 나가게 된다. 따라서, 고온 열처리 공정을 실시할 경우 열역학적 평형 상태에 따라 저온의 BTS박막보다 산소량이 적어지므로써 산소 공핍 결함이 발생된다. 이렇게 형성된 산소 공핍 결함은 전기적으로 양부호(positive)의 전하를 띄게 되어 전자의 흐름(전류)을 증가시키는 역할을 하며 소자에서 요구되는 절연막으로써 전기적 특성을 저하시킨다.When the high temperature heat treatment process is performed on the BTS thin film, the thermal equilibrium state of the BTS thin film allows the oxygen bond in the thin film to be activated more easily than the low temperature thermal equilibrium state. This weakens the oxygen bond in the BTS thin film and makes it difficult to accept oxygen supplied from the outside, and even oxygen existing in the BTS thin film immediately after deposition is separated. Therefore, when the high temperature heat treatment process is performed, oxygen depletion defects occur because the amount of oxygen becomes smaller than that of the low temperature BTS thin film according to the thermodynamic equilibrium state. The oxygen depletion defect thus formed is electrically positively charged, thereby increasing the flow of electrons (current) and deteriorating electrical properties as an insulating film required for the device.
또한, 고온 열처리 공정을 실시할 경우 BTS박막 증착시 형성된 비정질 박막은 600℃이상의 온도에서 상변형이 일어나 결정화된다. 이렇게 결정화된 BTS박막내에는 결정립과 결정립 사이에 형성된 결정립계(grain boundary)를 통해서 전류가 흐르기 때문에 전기적 특성이 저하된다.In addition, when the high temperature heat treatment process is performed, the amorphous thin film formed during BTS thin film deposition is crystallized due to phase deformation at a temperature of 600 ° C. or higher. In the crystallized BTS thin film, electric current is degraded because a current flows through a grain boundary formed between grains and grains.
이러한 산소 공핍 결합 및 결정화로 인한 전기적 특성 저하로 인해 소자에서 발생하는 문제점은 다음과 같다.Problems occurring in the device due to the deterioration of electrical characteristics due to oxygen depletion and crystallization are as follows.
BTS박막은 전하를 오랫동안 저장하고 있어야 하는 캐패시터 절연막으로 사용되며, 전류가 쉽게 흐르는 결함을 내재하고 있으면 전하를 오랫동안 보존하지 못하게 된다. 이로 인해 필요한 양만큼의 전하를 저장하기 위해서는 결함에 의해 누설되는 양만큼의 전하를 넣어주어야 하기 때문에 많은 시간과 전력이 필요하게 된다. 또한 저장된 정보가 짧은 시간내에 없어짐에 따라 정보를 쉽게 잃어버리는 문제로 인해 소자의 신뢰성을 저하시킨다. 심할 경우, 정보를 저장하기 위한 캐패시터가 충전되지 않고 전류 뉴설에 의해 전하가 모두 소멸되어 정보 저장 및 읽기에 오동작을 일으키게 된다.The BTS thin film is used as a capacitor insulating film that needs to store charge for a long time. If a current easily flows in defects, the charge cannot be preserved for a long time. As a result, in order to store the required amount of charge, a lot of time and power are required because the amount of charge leaked by the defect must be put. In addition, as the stored information disappears in a short time, the information is easily lost, thereby reducing the reliability of the device. In extreme cases, the capacitor for storing the information is not charged and all the charges are dissipated by the current logic, which causes a malfunction in storing and reading the information.
따라서, 본 발명은 유기 성분의 반응 원료를 사용하여 다층으로 BTS박막을 증착하되, 각 증착단계 후 O2플라즈마에 의해 발생되는 발생기 산소를 이용하여 증착된 BTS박막내의 전기적 열화 인자를 감소시키므로써 상기한 문제점을 해소할 수 있는 반도체 소자의 고유전 절연막 형성방법을 제공하는데 그 목적이 있다.Accordingly, the present invention is to deposit a BTS thin film in a multi-layer using a reaction raw material of an organic component, by reducing the electrical deterioration factor in the BTS thin film deposited by using the generator oxygen generated by O 2 plasma after each deposition step. An object of the present invention is to provide a method of forming a high dielectric insulating film of a semiconductor device that can solve one problem.
상술한 목적을 달성하기 위한 본 발명은 도전층이 형성된 실리콘 기판 상부에 유기 성분의 반응 원료를 사용하여 BTS박막을 증착하는 단계와, 상기 BTS박막내에 존재하는 전기적 열화 인자를 감소시키기 위하여 O2플라즈마를 형성시키는 단계와 상기 BTS박막증착 단계 및 O2플라즈마 형성 단계를 반복적으로 실시하는 단계와, 후속 열처리 공정을 실시하는 단계로 이루어진 것을 특징으로 한다.The present invention for achieving the above object is a step of depositing a BTS thin film using a reaction raw material of an organic component on a silicon substrate on which a conductive layer is formed, and to reduce the electrical deterioration factor present in the BTS thin film O 2 plasma Forming a step, repeatedly performing the BTS thin film deposition step and the O 2 plasma forming step, and performing a subsequent heat treatment process.
이하, 첨부된 도면을 참조하여 본 발명을 상세히 설명하기도 한다.Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.
제1도 및 제2도는 본 발명에 따른 반도체 소자의 고유전 절연막 형성방법을 설명하기 위한 소자의 단면도로서, 캐패시터의 유전체막으로 이용되는 고유전 절연막의 형성을 예를 들어 설명하기로 한다.1 and 2 are cross-sectional views of a device for explaining a method of forming a high dielectric insulating film of a semiconductor device according to the present invention, and description will be given by taking an example of formation of a high dielectric insulating film used as a dielectric film of a capacitor.
제1도를 참조하면, 접합부(2)가 형성된 실리콘 기판(1)상에 절연층(3)을 형성한 후 접합부(2)가 노출되도록 절연층(3)을 식각하여 전하저장전극용 콘택 홀을 형성한다. 전체 상부면에 폴리실리콘을 증착하고 패터닝하여 전하저장전극(4)을 형성한 후 Ba(thd)2: Ba(C11H19O2)2, Sr(thd)2: Sr(C5H6O2)2및 Ti(OPr)2(thd)2: Ti(C11H19O2)2(C3H7O)2등과 같은 유기 성분의 반응 원료를 사용한 화학기상 증착방법으로 전체 상부면에 제1 BTS박막(5a)을 증착한다. 이때 증착 공정은 400∼500℃의 온도 및 수백 mTorr의 압력 조건에서 이루어지며, 제1 BTS박막(5a)의 두께는 90∼110Å정도가 되도록 한다. 이때 일반적인 BTS박막은 그 조성비에 따라 특성의 차이가 일어나기 때문에 반응 원료의 유입량을 조정하여 특성을 조절한다. 이후 BTS증착시와 동일한 온도 및 압력 조건에서 O2또는 N2O와 같은 산화성 가스를 반응로내로 플로우(Flow)시키면서 고주파 전력(RF Power)을 인가하여 O2플라즈마를 형성시키면 확산 속도 및 산화성이 강한 발생기 산소 (일반적으로 O*로 표시함)가 발생된다. 이는 증착된 제 1BTS박막(5a)내에 존재하는 전기적 열화 인자를 감소시킨다. 상기와 같이 전기적 열화 인자가 발생기 산소에 의해 감소되는 원리는 하기의 [반응식1]내지 [식3]과 같다.Referring to FIG. 1, after forming the insulating layer 3 on the silicon substrate 1 on which the junction part 2 is formed, the insulating layer 3 is etched to expose the junction part 2, thereby contacting the charge storage electrode. To form. After depositing and patterning polysilicon on the entire upper surface to form the charge storage electrode (4) Ba (thd) 2 : Ba (C 11 H 19 O 2 ) 2 , Sr (thd) 2 : Sr (C 5 H 6 O 2 ) 2 and Ti (OPr) 2 (thd) 2 : chemical vapor deposition method using reaction raw materials of organic components such as Ti (C 11 H 19 O 2 ) 2 (C 3 H 7 O) 2, etc. The first BTS thin film 5a is deposited on it. At this time, the deposition process is carried out at a temperature of 400 ~ 500 ℃ and a pressure condition of several hundred mTorr, the thickness of the first BTS thin film (5a) is about 90 ~ 110 Pa. In this case, the general BTS thin film is characterized by a difference in characteristics according to the composition ratio, thereby adjusting the characteristics by adjusting the inflow of the reaction raw materials. Subsequently, when the oxidizing gas such as O 2 or N 2 O is flowed into the reactor under the same temperature and pressure conditions as the BTS deposition, the RF power is applied to form an O 2 plasma, and the diffusion rate and Strong generator oxygen (usually denoted by O * ) is produced. This reduces the electrical deterioration factor present in the deposited first BTS thin film 5a. The principle that the electrical deterioration factor is reduced by the generator oxygen as described above is shown in [Reaction Scheme 1] to [Equation 3].
또한, 일반적으로 캐패시터의 유전체막으로 사용하는 BTS박막은 500Å이상의 두께로 증착되는데, 본 발명에서는 O2플라즈마에 의해 형성되는 발생기 산소가 증착된 BTS박막내에 존재하는 전기적 열화 인자를 최대한으로 감소시킬 수 있는 최대 두께가 100Å전후이기 때문에 90∼110Å정도로 증착한다.In general, the BTS thin film used as the dielectric film of the capacitor is deposited to a thickness of 500 kHz or more, in the present invention, the generator oxygen formed by the O 2 plasma can be reduced to the maximum electrical deterioration factor existing in the deposited BTS thin film. Since the maximum thickness is around 100Å, it is deposited at about 90 ~ 110Å.
제2도를 참조하면, 상기와 같은 방법으로 제2내지 제5BTS박막(5b내지 5e)을 순차적으로 형성한 후 결정화 즉, BTS박막내에 존재하는 불안정한 산소들의 안정한 결합을 위해 700℃이상의 온도에서 후속 열처리 공정을 실시하여 고유전 절연막(5)의 형성을 완료한다. 그러므로 상기와 같이 다층 구조로 BTS박막을 형성하므로써 박막 전체가 동일한 결정 방향을 갖는 것이 방지되어 전기적 특성 열화가 방지된다. 이는 제1내기 제5BTS박막(5a 내지 5e)내에 형성되는 산소 과잉층(6)이 새로운 결정방향을 갖도록 하기 때문이다.Referring to FIG. 2, the second to fifth BTS thin films 5b to 5e are sequentially formed in the same manner as described above, followed by subsequent crystallization, that is, at a temperature of 700 ° C. or higher for stable bonding of unstable oxygen present in the BTS thin film. The heat treatment process is performed to complete the formation of the high dielectric insulating film 5. Therefore, by forming the BTS thin film in a multilayered structure as described above, the entire thin film is prevented from having the same crystal direction, thereby preventing deterioration of electrical characteristics. This is because the excess oxygen layer 6 formed in the first to fifth BTS thin films 5a to 5e has a new crystal direction.
상술한 바와 같이 본 발명에 의하면 유기 성분의 반응 원료를 사용하여 다층으로 BTS박막을 증착하되, 각 증착단계 후 O2플라즈마에 의해 발생되는 발생기 산소를 이용하여 증착된 BTS박막내의 전기적 열화 인자를 감소시키므로써 높은 유전율과 양호한 전기적 특성을 얻을 수 있어 소자의 신뢰성을 향상시킬 수 있는 탁월한 효과가 있다.As described above, according to the present invention, a BTS thin film is deposited in multiple layers using a reaction raw material of an organic component, and the electrical deterioration factor in the deposited BTS thin film is reduced by using generator oxygen generated by O 2 plasma after each deposition step. As a result, a high dielectric constant and good electrical characteristics can be obtained, thereby improving the reliability of the device.
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