KR0162963B1 - A steering drive axle for heavy equipment - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention relates to a steering drive axle device of heavy equipment, wherein the axle shaft portion (6) is integrally formed on a double joint (7) for transmitting power to the hub case (9) through the planetary gear unit (8). The axle shaft part 6 is provided with a fixing device 20 for supporting the movement of the double joint 7 and a brake device 21 for braking, and a sun gear connected to the opposite side where the fixing device 20 is installed. 10) the outer double joint (7) is made of a spline-coupled structure so as to move along the axial direction, the braking is made from the side in which the fixing device 20 is installed, when the braking operation at the same time to apply the braking, the sun gear ( Since the displacement of the double joint 7 generated at the time of steering at the side 10) is made, the friction force at the time of braking is not added as the steering friction force so that smooth steering is achieved.

Description

Heavy-duty steering drive axle

1 is an overall internal cross-sectional view of a steering drive axle device for heavy equipment according to the present invention.

2 is an enlarged cross-sectional view of the portion A of FIG.

3 is a cross-sectional view showing a state in which the knuckle and the steering cylinder of the heavy-duty steering drive axle shown in FIG. 1 are connected.

4 is a front view of part B of FIG.

5 is a conceptual view illustrating a state in which the length of the double joint is increased with respect to the center of rotation of the knuckle during the steering operation in the steering drive axle according to the present invention.

6 is a full internal cross-sectional view of a steering drive axle for heavy machinery generally employed in conventional heavy machinery.

* Explanation of symbols for the main parts of the drawings

1: Flange 2: Planet Gear

3: crown gear 4: differential gear

5 side gear 6 axle shaft

7: Cardan Double Joint 8: Planetary Gear Unit

9: hub case 10: sun gear

11 Planet Gear 12 Carrier

13: ring gear 14: knuckle

15: joint housing 16: pivot axis

17: torsion bar 18: ball joint

19: steering cylinder 20: fixing device

21: brake device 22: bearing

23: fixed plate 24: stop ring

25: stop ring 26: stop bolt

27: slope 28: piston

29: movable plate 30: adapter

31: moving plate 32: nipple

33: nipple 34: nipple

35: piston

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a steering drive axle device for heavy equipment, and more particularly, to a steering device axle device for heavy equipment that facilitates steering of heavy equipment and improves assembly and robustness of a cardan double joint.

In general, the steering drive axle used in the power transmission system in heavy equipment is damaged by the steering drive axle in case of steering while braking the heavy equipment, and the internal structure is composed of several parts. There was a problem in that it was complicated and the internal parts were easily worn.

That is, the steering drive axle employed in the conventional heavy equipment as shown in FIG. 6 has the power input through the flange 101 corresponding to the number of teeth in the planet gear 102 and the crown gear 103. The decelerated power is transmitted to the differential gear 104 separately through the differential gear 104 and the side gear 105.

Then, the power transmitted to the side gear 105 passes through the axle shaft 106 and the cardan double joint 107 having two turning points, through the double joint 107, and the double joint 107. It is transmitted to the planetary gear unit consisting of the sun gear 108, the planet gear 109 and the ring gear 110 is installed on the opposite side of the, the hub case connected to the ring gear 110 after being decelerated secondly in the planet gear unit ( It is delivered to the wheel attached to 111).

In the steering drive axle structure having such a structure, the axle shaft 106, the cardan double joint 107, and the sun gear 108 are arranged in a straight state to rotate when the vehicle is driving straight, so that the pivot shaft 114 The vertical center line CA and the center line CB of the cardan double joint 107 are always kept constant by the distance X.

However, when the steering is performed, the cardan double joint 107 is moved a small distance to the right in the drawing according to the steering angle, which means that the left side of the double joint 107 is axial with respect to the knuckle 112. Since the double joint 107 does not move in the left direction in the drawing, the cardan double joint 107 is splined to the joint housing 113 because it is fixed so as not to move. The right end of is moved to the right through the spline coupling.

At this time, since the sun gear 108 of the cardan double joint 107 tends to move together, the sun gear 108 connected to the double joint 107 is pulled out of the planet gear 109 forming the planetary gear device. In order to prevent it from coming out, as shown in the part P of FIG. The support is designed to block the sun gear 108 from moving to the left.

In order to prevent the cardan double joint 107 from moving to the left side, it is necessary to have as little space t as possible between the tip of the sun gear 108 and the inner contact surface of the hub case 111.

Thus, if the space t is made small between the sun gear 108 and the inner surface of the hub case 111, wear may occur due to the relative speed difference between the sun gear 108 and the hub case 111. In order to solve the problem, if the space t is formed large, there is a problem that it is difficult to maintain a firm fixation of the cardan double joint 107.

In addition, since the heat is generated by the wear as described above, the temperature of the lubricating oil filled in the hub case 111 is raised to the cardan double joint 107 and the hub case 111 with respect to the knuckle 112. The oil seals 115 and 116 sealing the gap are damaged, and if the oil seals 115 and 116 are damaged in this way, the oil inside may leak and cause damage to the internal parts.

Meanwhile, when the brake is applied, the hydraulic oil injected into the brake unit through the nipple 117 and the flow path 118 operates the piston 119 to the rotary friction plate 120 and the adapter 121 installed in the piston 119. A friction force is generated between the installed fixed friction plates 121, and the friction force is transmitted to the axle shaft 106 that is splined to the adapter 121, thereby preventing braking by preventing rotation of the axle shaft 106. In addition, when steering is performed at the same time while braking, the axle shaft 106 connected to the right side of the cardan double joint 107 moves to the right by a predetermined amount due to the steering operation.

Therefore, when steering at the same time while braking, friction force is generated between the adapter 121 and the axle shaft 106 for braking, and the axle shaft 106 is disposed between the adapter 121 for steering. Steering is possible only when the friction force is generated and moved.

Therefore, since the spline portion connecting the adapter 121 and the axle shaft 106 is exerted, there is a problem that the life of the steering apparatus is reduced by adversely affecting the entire steering apparatus.

Accordingly, the present invention solves the problems described above, the steering operation can be made smoothly when the steering while braking, and excessive friction between the internal parts is not generated, cardan double It is an object of the present invention to provide a heavy-duty steering drive axle device that can securely support a joint and improve assembly.

The present invention for achieving the above object, the primary gear is input through the flange to the primary shift, the shifted power from the side gear of the differential gear through the axle shaft and cardan double joint planetary gear A heavy-duty steering drive axle device configured to be transmitted to a unit, and the second shifted power from the planetary gear unit is transmitted to the wheel through a hub case fixedly connected to the ring gear, wherein the axle shaft part is integral to the cardan double joint. The axle shaft part of the cardan double joint is fixed to the inner wall surface of the joint housing through the bearing, the oil seal and the fixing plate, and is fixed to the inner wall of the joint housing so as not to move in the axial direction. It is characterized in that the device is installed.

In addition, the fixing plate is fixed to the inner wall surface of the joint housing, and has a structure supported so as not to move along the axial direction by the fixing means inserted through the outside of the joint housing.

As described above, in the steering apparatus axle device for heavy equipment according to the present invention, since the cardan double joint is integrally connected with the axle shaft, the assembly and the rigidity of the cardan double joint are improved.

In addition, the apparatus according to the present invention is a cardan double joint, which is displaced in the longitudinal direction due to the joint motion while the joint motion around the pivot connection point during the steering operation, and is fixed on the differential gear side By causing displacement at the tip connected to the sun gear of the planetary gear unit, when braking and steering are performed simultaneously, the friction force generated during braking between the sun gear and the planet gear of the planetary gear having a small friction force is absorbed. When braking is performed in the axle shaft part on the opposite side of the gear, the part where friction occurs due to braking and the part where friction occurs due to steering is made in different places, and the braking and steering are simultaneously performed. Even steering operation smoothly It becomes luer.

In addition, since the axle shaft part is integrally formed on the double joint as described above, the assemblability is excellent and the rigidity of the joint is improved, and the friction due to the steering operation and the friction due to the braking are made at different parts. As a result, less wear occurs between the joint and the internal parts of the steering drive axle, preventing damage to the parts.

Hereinafter, with reference to the accompanying drawings, the present invention will be described in detail.

1 is an internal cross-sectional view for showing the configuration of a steering drive axle device according to the present invention, and FIG. 2 is an enlarged cross-sectional view of part A of FIG. 1 for showing the fixed state of the cardan double joint, and the device of the present invention. As shown in the figure, the configuration in which the overall operation is transmitted is configured in much the same way as the conventional apparatus shown in FIG.

In other words, the power transmitted to the flange 1 in the drive system of the heavy equipment drives the planet gear 2 splined to the flange 1, which is geared to the primary gear through the crown gear 3. While driving (4), the rotation speed is decelerated first.

The decelerated power in the differential gear 4 is distributed to both sides through the side gear 5 to be integral with the axle shaft 6 so as to diffract each of the two rotational axes 7a and 7b. Power transmitted to the cardan double joint 7, and the power transmitted to the cardan double joint 7 causes the planetary gear unit 8 connected to the distal end of the axle shaft 6 to operate. The second decelerated power in the unit 8 is transmitted to the hub case 9 to drive wheels (not shown) installed in the hub case 9.

On the other hand, the sun gear 10 of the planetary gear unit 8 is directly connected to the front end 7d of the cardan double joint 7, and a plurality of planet gears 11 arranged around the sun gear 10. Is connected to the hub case 9 through a carrier 12, and the ring gear 13 disposed around the plurality of planet gears 11 is splined to the knuckle 14.

Therefore, when the sun gear 10 is driven by the power transmitted from the cardan double joint 7, the ring gear 13 is splined to the knuckle 14 and fixed so as not to rotate as described above. The plurality of planet gears 11 inscribed in the ring gears 13 revolve around the sun gear 10 while rotating.

The orbital movement of the planet gear 11 is transmitted to the hub case 9 in which wheels are installed through the carrier 12, so that the vehicle can run by driving the hub case 9.

In addition, the knuckle 14 is pivotally connected to the joint housing 15 in which the cardan double joint 7 is embedded through the upper and lower pivot shafts 16, and simultaneously shown in FIG. As described above, it is connected to the steering cylinder 19 through the torsion bar 17 and the ball joint 18.

Further, between the axle shaft 6 and the housing of the cardan double joint 7, the cardan double joint 7 is prevented from moving toward the differential gear 4. Along with the fixing device 20 for fixing the lock, a brake device 21 for stopping the driving of the wheel is provided.

Therefore, in the drive axle device according to the present invention, the cardan double joint 7 which is moved in the axial direction due to the joint action during the steering operation is fixed by the fixing device 20 installed on the differential gear 4 side. As a result, the cardan double joint 7 is moved axially with respect to the sun gear 10 to which the spline is connected when the drive axle device is steering.

Meanwhile, as shown in detail in FIGS. 1 and 2, the fixing device 20 includes a bearing 22 for rotatably supporting the cardan double joint 7 and the joint housing 15. It is formed on the inner surface of the fixing plate 23 for holding the outer ring of the bearing 22 fixed, the heavy duty type stops on both sides of the bearing 22 to prevent the bearing 22 from moving in the axial direction The ring 24 and 25 are provided.

Then, the stop bolt 26 is installed in the joint housing 15 in which the fixing plate 23 is installed, so that the entire fixing plate 23 moves toward the planetary gear unit 8 in the lateral direction in the drawing. You can block it.

In this case, the inclined surface 27 is formed at the tip of the fixed plate 23, and the inclined surface of the stop bolt 26 is in contact with the inclined surface 27 to prevent the movement of the fixed plate 23.

The brake device 21 includes a piston 28 provided inside the joint housing 15, a movable plate 29 provided on the piston 28, and an axle shaft portion 8 of the cardan double joint 7. It is composed of an adapter 30 which is splined to the () and a fixed plate 31 provided in the adapter (30).

Therefore, when the driver of the heavy equipment brakes, the hydraulic oil injected through the nipples 32 penetrated in the joint housing 15 moves the piston 28, whereby the movable plate 29 installed on the piston 28 is moved. Moves toward the fixed plate 31 installed in the adapter 30, and when both plates 29 come into contact with each other, the rotation of the adapter 30 splined to the axle shaft part 6 of the cardan double joint 7 This will be blocked.

Therefore, the rotation of the cardan double joint 7, which is splined to the adapter 30, is prevented by the teeth of the spline, so that brake operation is performed.

The device of the present invention having the structure as described above, when the driver driving the heavy equipment is steering, the nipples 33 and 34 provided on the left or right side of the steering cylinder 19 according to the steering angle of the steering wheel and its steering direction. The pressure oil is introduced into the steering cylinder 19 through), and the piston 35 of the steering cylinder 19 moves to the left or the right by the pressure oil.

Therefore, when the piston rod 35a of the piston 35 is telescopically operated, the telescopic movement is transmitted to the knuckle 14 through the ball joint 18 and the torsion bar 17 connected to the piston rod 35a. Thus, the knuckle 14 is rotated to the left or right about the pivot axis 16, so that the hub case 9 connected to the knuckle 14 is moved to the left or the right according to the steering. You lose.

In this way, even if the hub case 9 is steered to the left and right sides, the hub case 9 must continue to transmit power so that the heavy equipment can drive while steering. Therefore, the cardan double joint 7 which transfers power to the hub case 9 should also be able to transfer power as it is articulated at the same angle as the knuckle 14.

In order to satisfy these conditions at the same time, the hub case (9) is pivotally installed on the joint housing (15) via the pivot shaft (16), and the cardan double joint (7) is connected to the joint housing (15). It is arranged to operate joint in the axial position along the longitudinal direction of the).

By the way, the cardan double joint 7 has a structure in which the two joints 7a and 7b are rotated at the center of rotation, respectively, whereas the knuckle 14 is formed by the upper and lower pivot axes 16. Since the knuckle 14 and the cardan double joint 7 are steered at a predetermined angle at the same time by the steering operation, the knuckle 14 is made to be steered due to the joint movement with one rotation center. The trajectory of the pivot point and the trajectory of the pivot point formed while the cardan double joint 7 is steered do not coincide with each other depending on the steering angle.

Therefore, as shown in FIG. 5, since the double joint 7 rotates about two axes 7a and 7b, the length of the double joint 7 and the knuckle 14 when the heavy equipment is in the straight state. Although the length of is the same length as S, when the steering is made at a predetermined angle as described above, the length is changed to S + ΔX. That is, the double joint 7 is changed by ΔX due to the steering operation.

In order to compensate for the phenomenon that the length of the double joint 7 is lengthened as described above, sliding is performed between the sun gear 10 and the double joint 7 as described above.

That is, when a phenomenon in which the length of the double joint is lengthened due to the steering operation occurs, the double joint 9 moves toward the sun gear 10 to absorb the displacement.

When the double joint 7 moves as described above, the axle shaft part 6 also receives a force to move together. In the present invention, the double joint 7 is fixed to the axle shaft part 6. Since it is fixed not to move by 20, only the tip 7d connected through the sun gear 10 and the spline 7c is moved relative to the knuckle 14.

In order to compensate for the inconsistency of the diffraction locus of the knuckle 14 and the double joint 7, in the present invention, when the drive axle device is first assembled, as shown in FIG. When the centerline CA and the rotational centerline CB of the knuckle 14 are set to be offset from each other by an interval X, and the steering is narrowed as the steering is performed, the two centerlines CA, when steering at the maximum steering angle, CB) is made to coincide with each other.

Therefore, in the present invention, in the case of applying the braking while steering operation, the brake operation is made by the brake device 21 installed in the axle shaft part 6 which is the right side of the double joint 7 in the drawing, and by the steering operation Since the generated double joint 7 is moved by the spline 7c connected to the sun gear 10, the friction force by the operation of the brake device 21 remains as it is. It is not transmitted to the connecting spline 7c.

Therefore, the frictional resistance applied to the double joint 7 when the steering and the brake operation are performed at the same time is the frictional resistance between the sun gear 10 and the planet gear 11 arranged and engaged around the sun gear 10. This frictional resistance is relatively small, so that the steering operation can be made smoothly.

As described above, in the steering drive axle of the present invention, since the axle shaft portion 6 is integrally formed on the double joint 7, the structure is simple, the assembly is simple, and the rigidity is improved.

In addition, the stopper (24, 25) to stop the movement of the fixing plate 23 and the bearing 22 and the fixing plate 23 is fixed to the fixing device 20 so that the double joint (7) does not displace Since the double joint 7 is reliably fixed, the movement of the double joint 7 is not allowed.

In the case of simultaneously performing the steering operation while braking heavy equipment as described above as the maximum effect of the present invention, the braking operation by the brake device 21 is performed on the differential gear 4 side of the cardan double joint 7. Since the movement of the double joint 7 by steering is performed on the planetary gear unit 8 opposite to the above-mentioned differential gear 4, the frictional force by the braking operation is axle of the double joint 7. In contrast to the shaft portion 6, the steering friction of the double joint 7 is gently absorbed by the planet gear 11 that rotates around the sun gear 10. As a result, when the steering operation is performed simultaneously with braking, the steering operation is performed smoothly.

Claims (2)

The power input through the flange is first shifted in the differential gear, and the shifted power is transmitted from the differential gear side gear to the planetary gear unit through the axle shaft and the cardan double joint, and the power shifted in the planetary gear unit. It is transmitted to the wheel through the hub case fixedly connected to the ring gear, and the driving is carried out, while the steering device axle for heavy machinery that stops and rotates the axle shaft by the brake device installed between the joint housing and the axle shaft. In the apparatus, an axle shaft portion 6 is integrally formed on the double joint 7, and the axle shaft portion 6 of the cardan double joint 7 is located on the differential gear 4. And the fixing plate 23 can be rotated only with respect to the inner wall surface of the joint housing 15, but not axially movable. That is the other hand, the heavy equipment, characterized in that the double joint 7 is coupled through the sun gear 10 and the splines (7c) of steering drive axle unit. The medium length of claim 1, wherein the fixing plate (23) is fixedly supported by a stop bolt (26) inserted through and installed in the joint housing (15), thereby preventing movement toward the sun gear (10) by external force. Cost steering drive axle.