KR0147970B1 - A ceramic composite for a ptc thermister - Google Patents
A ceramic composite for a ptc thermisterInfo
- Publication number
- KR0147970B1 KR0147970B1 KR1019950011349A KR19950011349A KR0147970B1 KR 0147970 B1 KR0147970 B1 KR 0147970B1 KR 1019950011349 A KR1019950011349 A KR 1019950011349A KR 19950011349 A KR19950011349 A KR 19950011349A KR 0147970 B1 KR0147970 B1 KR 0147970B1
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01C—RESISTORS
- H01C7/00—Non-adjustable resistors formed as one or more layers or coatings; Non-adjustable resistors made from powdered conducting material or powdered semi-conducting material with or without insulating material
- H01C7/02—Non-adjustable resistors formed as one or more layers or coatings; Non-adjustable resistors made from powdered conducting material or powdered semi-conducting material with or without insulating material having positive temperature coefficient
- H01C7/022—Non-adjustable resistors formed as one or more layers or coatings; Non-adjustable resistors made from powdered conducting material or powdered semi-conducting material with or without insulating material having positive temperature coefficient mainly consisting of non-metallic substances
- H01C7/023—Non-adjustable resistors formed as one or more layers or coatings; Non-adjustable resistors made from powdered conducting material or powdered semi-conducting material with or without insulating material having positive temperature coefficient mainly consisting of non-metallic substances containing oxides or oxidic compounds, e.g. ferrites
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B35/00—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products
- C04B35/01—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products based on oxide ceramics
- C04B35/45—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products based on oxide ceramics based on copper oxide or solid solutions thereof with other oxides
- C04B35/4504—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products based on oxide ceramics based on copper oxide or solid solutions thereof with other oxides containing rare earth oxides
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2235/00—Aspects relating to ceramic starting mixtures or sintered ceramic products
- C04B2235/02—Composition of constituents of the starting material or of secondary phases of the final product
- C04B2235/30—Constituents and secondary phases not being of a fibrous nature
- C04B2235/32—Metal oxides, mixed metal oxides, or oxide-forming salts thereof, e.g. carbonates, nitrates, (oxy)hydroxides, chlorides
- C04B2235/3205—Alkaline earth oxides or oxide forming salts thereof, e.g. beryllium oxide
- C04B2235/3215—Barium oxides or oxide-forming salts thereof
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2235/00—Aspects relating to ceramic starting mixtures or sintered ceramic products
- C04B2235/70—Aspects relating to sintered or melt-casted ceramic products
- C04B2235/74—Physical characteristics
- C04B2235/76—Crystal structural characteristics, e.g. symmetry
Abstract
본 발명은 특정 온도에서 전기 저항값이 급격히 증가하는 PTC 써미스터용 세라믹 조성물을 개시한다. 본 발명은 Y2O3와 Nb2O5와 BaCO3와 CuO를 기본 조성물로 하는 Y1-xNbxBa2Cu3O7-y성분으로 이루어져 있으며, Y+Nb:Ba:Ca의 몰비가 1:2:3으로 이루어져 있는 것을 특징으로 하는 PTC 써미스터용 세라믹 조성물에 의해서 달성되며 이에 의해서 상온에서 통전되는 전류 양이 증대되어서 모터의 작동에 의한 전기 제품의 작동이 양호하고 또한 PTC특성이 나타나는 전이 온도가 약 600℃ 정도이므로 고온에서 사용가능하고 3성분계로 이루어져 있으므로 제조비용이 절감되고 또한 제조 기간이 단축된다.The present invention discloses a ceramic composition for PTC thermistors in which the electrical resistance increases rapidly at a certain temperature. The present invention is composed of Y 1-x NbxBa 2 Cu 3 O 7-y component based on Y 2 O 3 and Nb 2 O 5 , BaCO 3 and CuO, the molar ratio of Y + Nb: Ba: Ca is 1 It is achieved by the ceramic composition for PTC thermistor, which is composed of: 2: 3, whereby the amount of current that is energized at room temperature is increased, and thus the transition temperature at which the operation of the electric product by the operation of the motor is good and the PTC characteristics are exhibited. Since it is about 600 ℃ can be used at high temperatures and consists of a three-component system, the manufacturing cost is reduced and the manufacturing period is shortened.
Description
제1도는 본 발명에 따른 세라믹 조성물을 제작하기 위한 온도와 시간과의 관계를 나타낸 그래프.1 is a graph showing the relationship between temperature and time for producing a ceramic composition according to the present invention.
제2도는 본 발명에 따라서 제작된 세라믹 조성물의 X-ray 회절 무늬 변화를 나타낸 그래프.2 is a graph showing the X-ray diffraction pattern change of the ceramic composition prepared according to the present invention.
제3도는 본 발명에 따른 Y0.95Nb0.05Ba2Cu3O7-y성분으로 이루어진 PTC 써 미스터의 온도증가에 대한 저항값의증가 변화를 나타낸 그래프.3 is a graph showing an increase in the resistance value with respect to the temperature increase of the PTC thermistor composed of Y 0.95 Nb 0.05 Ba 2 Cu 3 O 7- y component according to the present invention.
본 발명은 특정 온도에서 전기 저항값이 급격히 증가되는 PTC 써미스터용 세라믹 조성물에 관한 것으로서, 특히 상온에서 낮은 비저항값을 갖고 전이 온도를 향상시킬 수 있도록 Y1-xNbxBa2Cu3O7-y성분으로 이루어진 PTC 써미스터용 세라믹 조성물에 관한 것이다.The present invention relates to a ceramic composition for PTC thermistor which has a rapid increase in electrical resistance at a specific temperature. Particularly, the present invention relates to a Y 1-x Nb x Ba 2 Cu 3 O 7- It relates to a ceramic composition for PTC thermistor consisting of a y component.
일반적으로, 써미스터는 열에 민감한 반도체성 저항체로서, 온도의 증가에 따른 전기 저항값의 증감이 나타나며 이러한 써미스터는 특정한 온도에서 전기 저항값이 급격히 증가하는 정온도 특성을 나타내는 PTC 써미스터 및 특정한 온도에서 전기 저항값이 급격히 감소하는 부온도 특성을 나타내는 NTC 써미스터로 크게 대별된다.In general, thermistors are heat-sensitive semiconducting resistors, which exhibit an increase or decrease in electrical resistance with increasing temperature, and these thermistors are PTC thermistors that exhibit a constant temperature characteristic in which the electrical resistance increases rapidly at a specific temperature, and electrical resistance at a specific temperature. It is roughly classified as an NTC thermistor which exhibits a negative temperature characteristic whose value decreases rapidly.
이때, PTC 써미스터는 그의 정온도 특성에 의하여 저온 상태에서 낮은 비저항값을 가져 전류를 잘 통전시킬 수 있는 반면에 특정한 고온에 도달되면 주울열 작용등에 의해 전기 저항값이 급격히 증가되어 부도체의 특성을 나타내므로 항온 히터, 전류 제한 소자, 또는 온도 센서등에 널리 사용된다.At this time, the PTC thermistor has a low specific resistance value at low temperature due to its constant temperature characteristic, so that the current can be energized well, but when a certain high temperature is reached, the electric resistance value is rapidly increased due to Joule's heat action, indicating the characteristics of the insulator. Therefore, it is widely used in constant temperature heaters, current limiting elements, or temperature sensors.
한편, 종래의 일실시예에 따르면 PTC 써미스터는 BaTiO3계세라믹 조성물을 주성분으로 하여 제조되며 이러한 PTC 써미스터는 상온에서 약 100Ω-cm 정도의 비저항값을 가지므로 전류대 시간 특성은 대전류의 통전시 급격하게 전류가 감소되고 소전류의 통전시 소정 시간 후에 전류가 감소되는 동특성이 크게 나타나게 되며 이에 의해서 상온에서 통전되는 전류의 양이 적게되므로 모터의 작동이 불충분하게 이루어진다.On the other hand, according to the conventional embodiment, the PTC thermistor is manufactured based on the BaTiO 3 -based ceramic composition, and since the PTC thermistor has a specific resistance value of about 100 Ω-cm at room temperature, the current vs. time characteristic is sudden when energizing a large current. In this case, the current is reduced and the dynamic characteristic of decreasing the current after a predetermined time when the small current is energized is large, and the amount of current that is energized at room temperature is reduced, resulting in insufficient operation of the motor.
또한, 종래의 실시예에 따라서 BaTiO3성분으로 이루어진 PTC 써미스터는 약 130 내지 150℃ 정도의 온도 범위에서 전기 저항값이 급격히 증가하는 전이 온도를 가지므로 약 300℃ 의 고온에서 정온도 특성의 저항값을 갖는 써미스터를 필요로 하는 보일러 및 발전기에는 사용이 불가하다.In addition, the PTC thermistor made of BaTiO 3 according to the conventional embodiment has a transition temperature at which the electrical resistance increases rapidly in the temperature range of about 130 to 150 ° C., so that the resistance value of the constant temperature characteristic at a high temperature of about 300 ° C. It is not available for boilers and generators that require thermistors.
이때, 상기된 바와 같은 문제점을 해소시키기 위한 종래의 일실시예에 따르면, 종래의 BaTiO3계 세라믹 조성물에 V,Mn 또는 흑연과 같은 소량의 불순물을 첨가하여 상온에서 비저항값을 약 20Ω-cm 정도로 낮추었으며 또한 PbTiO3를 상기 BaTiO3계 세라믹 조성물에 첨가시킴으로서 PTC 써미스터의 전이 온도를 향상시킬 수 있었다.At this time, according to a conventional embodiment for solving the problems as described above, by adding a small amount of impurities such as V, Mn or graphite to the conventional BaTiO 3 -based ceramic composition to a specific resistance value of about 20Ω-cm at room temperature In addition, the transition temperature of the PTC thermistor could be improved by adding PbTiO 3 to the BaTiO 3 -based ceramic composition.
그러나, 상기된 바와 같이 상온 비저항을 낮추기 위하여 소량의 불소량의 불순물을 첨가시킴으로서 많은 성분의 분말 첨가에 의한 제조비용이 증가되며 또한 5성분계 이상으로 제조되므로 제조 시간이 오래 요구된다는 문제점이 발생된다.However, as described above, by adding a small amount of impurities in the amount of fluorine in order to lower the room temperature specific resistance, the manufacturing cost is increased by the addition of powder of many components, and the manufacturing time is long because the manufacturing cost is longer than five components.
한편, 종래의 PTC 써미스터의 전이온도를 증가시키기 위하여 BaTiO3계 세라믹 조성물에 PbTiO3를 첨가하는 경우에 휘발성이 강한 Pb 성분의 첨가효과를 향상시키기 위하여 과량의 Pb를 첨가시키며 이에 의해서 인체에 유해한 공해 유발을 야기시킬 수 있다는 문제점이 발생된다.On the other hand, when PbTiO 3 is added to the BaTiO 3 based ceramic composition to increase the transition temperature of a conventional PTC thermistor, an excessive amount of Pb is added to improve the addition effect of the highly volatile Pb component, thereby causing harmful pollution to the human body. The problem arises that it can cause induction.
본 발명은 상기와 같은 종래의 문제점을 해소시키기 위하여 안출된 것으로 그 목적은 낮은 상온 비저항값을 가져서 상온에서 전자 제품의 사용시 신뢰성을 향상시키며 또한 PTC 특성의 전이 온도를 향상시켜서 고온에서 사용 가능할 뿐만 아니라 PTC 써미스터의 제조 비용 및 제조 시간을 단축시킬 수 있도록 Y1-xNbxBa2Cu3O7-y성분으로 이루어져 있는 PTC 써미스터용 세라믹 조성물을 제공하는 데 있다.The present invention has been made in order to solve the above-mentioned conventional problems, and its object is to have a low room temperature resistivity value to improve reliability when using electronic products at room temperature and to improve the transition temperature of PTC characteristics, so that it can be used at high temperature. The present invention provides a ceramic composition for a PTC thermistor consisting of Y 1-x Nb x Ba 2 Cu 3 O 7-y components to shorten the manufacturing cost and manufacturing time of the PTC thermistor.
상기의 목적은 분말 형태의 Y2O3와 Nb2O5와 BaCO3와 CuO를 기본 조성물로 하며 이러한 기본 조성물은 Y+Nb:Ba:Cu의 몰비가 1:2:3으로 이루어질 수 있도록 소정의 몰비로 혼합시켜서 고상 반응 방법에 의하여 제조된Y1-xNbxBa2Cu3O7-y성분으로 이루어져 있는 것을 특징으로 하는 PTC 써미스터용 세라믹 조성물에 의해 달성될 수 있다.The above object is a powder composition of Y 2 O 3 and Nb 2 O 5 and BaCO 3 and CuO as a base composition, such a base composition is prescribed so that the molar ratio of Y + Nb: Ba: Cu 1: 2: 3 It can be achieved by the ceramic composition for PTC thermistor, characterized in that consisting of Y 1-x Nb x Ba 2 Cu 3 O 7-y component prepared by the solid phase reaction method by mixing in a molar ratio of.
이하, 첨부된 도면을 참조하여 본 발명의 바람직한 실시예를 상세히 설명하면 다음과 같다.Hereinafter, exemplary embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.
먼저, 본 발명에 따르면, 정온도 특성을 나타내는 PTC 써미스터용 세라믹 조성물은 Y2O3와 Nb2O5와 BaCO3와 CuO를 기본 조성물로 하는Y1-xNbxBa2Cu3O7-y성분으로 이루어져 있으며, 이러한 Y1-xNbxBa2Cu3O7-y성분은 상기 기본 조성물들을 분말 형태로 형성시킨 후 소정의 몰비로 혼합시켜서 고온에서 용융시키는 고상 반응(Solid State Reaction) 방법에 의하여 제조된다.First, according to the present invention, the ceramic composition for PTC thermistor exhibiting positive temperature characteristics is Y 1-x Nb x Ba 2 Cu 3 O 7- based on Y 2 O 3 , Nb 2 O 5 , BaCO 3 and CuO It consists of y component, Y 1-x Nb x Ba 2 Cu 3 O 7-y component is a solid state reaction to form the base composition in the form of a powder and then mixed in a predetermined molar ratio to melt at a high temperature (Solid State Reaction) It is manufactured by the method.
이때, 본 발명에 따른 PTC 써미스터용 세라믹 조성물을 제조하기 위한 상기 기본 조성물의 순도는 각각 99.9%로 이루어져 있으며, 또한 상기 고상 반응 방법을 수행하기 위하여 혼합되는 상기 기본 조성물의 혼합 몰비는 상기Y1-xNbxBa2Cu3O7-y성분을 구성하고 있는 Y+Nb:Ba:Cu의 몰비가 1:2:3으로 이루어질 수 있도록 형성된다.At this time, the purity of the base composition for producing a ceramic composition for PTC thermistors according to the present invention is each composed of 99.9%, and the mixing molar ratio of the base composition to be mixed to perform the solid phase reaction method is the Y 1- The molar ratio of Y + Nb: Ba: Cu constituting the x Nb x Ba 2 Cu 3 O 7-y component is formed to be 1: 2: 3.
한편, 본 발명에 따른 세라믹 조성물을 형성시킨 상기 Y1-xNbxBa2Cu3O7-y성분을 구성하고 있는 희토류 원소의 몰비의 합은 1의 값을 가지므로 이러한 희토류 원소중 상기 Nb 원소의 첨가 몰비를 나타내는 x의 값은 약 0.0 내지 0.5 정도 범위의 값을 가지며, 바람직하게는 약 0.01 내지 0.3 정도 범위의 값을 갖고, 더욱 바람직하게는 약 0.05의 값을 갖는다.On the other hand, since the sum of the molar ratios of the rare earth elements constituting the Y 1-x Nb x Ba 2 Cu 3 O 7-y component in which the ceramic composition according to the present invention is formed has a value of 1, the Nb of the rare earth elements The value of x representing the addition molar ratio of the element has a value in the range of about 0.0 to 0.5, preferably a value in the range of about 0.01 to 0.3, and more preferably a value of about 0.05.
또한, Y1-xNbxBa2Cu3O7-y성분을 구성하고 있는 산소의 몰비는 7의 값을 갖는 것이 바람직하지만 규명되지 않은 이유에 의하여 y의 값에 해당하는 몰비가 증감하게 되며 이러한 y의 값은 0.5 이하이다. 그러나, 상기된 바와 같은 Y1-xNbxBa2Cu3O7-y성분을 구성하고 있는 산소의 몰비는 본 발명의 요지를 변경시키지 않는다.In addition, the molar ratio of oxygen constituting the Y 1-x Nb x Ba 2 Cu 3 O 7-y component preferably has a value of 7, but the molar ratio corresponding to the value of y increases or decreases for reasons not identified. This y value is 0.5 or less. However, the molar ratio of oxygen constituting the Y 1-x Nb x Ba 2 Cu 3 O 7 -y component as described above does not change the gist of the present invention.
한편, Y1-xNbxBa2Cu3O7-y성분으로 이루어진 PTC 써미스터용 세라믹 조성물을 제조하기 위한 고상 반응방법에 따르면, Y2O3와 Nb2O5와 BaCo3와 CuO으로 이루어진 기본 조성물을 분말 형태로 형성시킨 후 상기 Y1-xNbxBa2Cu3O7-y성분을 구성하고 있는 Y+Nb:Ba:Cu의 몰비가 1:2:3으로 이루어질 수 있도록 상기 기본 조성물을 소정의 몰비로 혼합시킨다.On the other hand, according to the solid-state reaction method for producing a ceramic composition for PTC thermistor consisting of Y 1-x Nb x Ba 2 Cu 3 O 7-y component, consisting of Y 2 O 3 and Nb 2 O 5 and BaCo 3 and CuO After the basic composition is formed in powder form, the basic molar ratio of Y + Nb: Ba: Cu constituting the Y 1-x Nb x Ba 2 Cu 3 O 7-y component may be 1: 2: 3. The composition is mixed in the desired molar ratio.
즉, 분말 형태의 상기 기본 조성물을 마노막자사발에 넣고 에틸 알코올을 혼합매체로 하여 혼합시켜 혼합 조성물을 고상으로 형성시킨 후 상기 고상의 혼합 조성물을 약 5*103kgf/cm2의 압력으로 약 3분간 압축시키는 분말 야금공정에 의하여 직경이 약 15mm이고 두께가 약 1.5mm정도인 원판형 시편을 성형시킨다.That is, the basic composition in powder form is placed in agate mortar and mixed with ethyl alcohol as a mixed medium to form a mixed composition, and then the mixed composition of the solid phase is about 5 * 10 3 kgf / cm 2 . The powder metallurgical process, which is pressed for 3 minutes, forms a disk-shaped specimen of about 15 mm in diameter and about 1.5 mm in thickness.
이 후에, 제1도에 도표화되어 있는 바와 같이, 상기 원판형 시편을 산소 분위기하에서 시간당 약 150℃ 정도로 가열시켜 약 930℃정도의 고온에서 약 14시간동안 유지시킨 후 상기 시편의 온도를 시간당 약 100℃의 온도 속도로 하강시켜서 약 830℃의 온도에 약 2시간정도 유지시키고 또한 약 500℃의 온도에 약 6시간정도 유지시키며 이 후에 다시 시간당 약 100℃의 온도 하강속도로 온도를 강하시키고 약 200℃의 온도에서 퀀칭시킴으로서 Y1-xNbxBa2Cu3O7-y성분으로 이루어져 있는 본 발명에 따른 PTC 써미스터용 세라믹 조성물이 제작되었다.Thereafter, as shown in FIG. 1, the disc-shaped specimen was heated to about 150 ° C. per hour in an oxygen atmosphere, maintained at a high temperature of about 930 ° C. for about 14 hours, and then the temperature of the specimen was about 100 per hour. It is lowered at the temperature rate of ℃ and maintained for about 2 hours at the temperature of about 830 ℃, and maintained for about 6 hours at the temperature of about 500 ℃, after which the temperature is lowered again at the temperature falling rate of about 100 ℃ per hour By quenching at a temperature of ℃, a ceramic composition for PTC thermistor according to the present invention consisting of the Y 1-x Nb x Ba 2 Cu 3 O 7-y component was produced.
한편, 본 발명에 따라서 제작된 Y1-xNbxBa2Cu3O7-y성분을 열시차 분석한 결과에 따르면 약 835℃ 및 약 935℃에서 흡열 피크 현상이 발생되었으며 이러한 흡열 피크중 약 835℃에서의 흡열 피크는 CO2분해에 의한 것이고 또한 약 935℃에서의 흡열 피크는 상기 시편의 용융에 의한 것이다.On the other hand, according to the thermal differential analysis of the Y 1-x Nb x Ba 2 Cu 3 O 7-y component prepared in accordance with the present invention the endothermic peak phenomenon occurred at about 835 ℃ and about 935 ℃ and about The endothermic peak at 835 ° C. is due to CO 2 decomposition and the endothermic peak at about 935 ° C. is due to melting of the specimen.
또한, 제2도에 나타난 X-ray 회절 사진은 본 발명에 따른Y1-xNbxBa2Cu3O7-y성분중 상기 희토류 원소인 Nb의 첨가 몰비 x의 값을 0.0에서 0.3까지 증가시키면서 X-ray 회절 무늬의 변화를 측정한 것으로 상기 회절 사진에 나타나 있는 바와 같이 본 발명에 따라서 Y1-xNbxBa2Cu3O7-y성분으로 구성된 PTC 써미스터용 세라믹 조성물의 결정구조는 특정한 결정면에 상이한 크기의 피크가 발생되며 이에 의해서 세 개 걸정축의 격자상수가 서로 상이한 사방 정계를 갖는다는 것을 인지할 수 있다.In addition, the X-ray diffraction image shown in Figure 2 increases the value of the addition mole ratio x of the rare earth element Nb x from 0.0 to 0.3 in the Y 1-x Nb x Ba 2 Cu 3 O 7-y component according to the present invention The crystal structure of the ceramic composition for PTC thermistor consisting of Y 1-x Nb x Ba 2 Cu 3 O 7-y component according to the present invention as measured in the X-ray diffraction pattern was measured while It can be appreciated that peaks of different magnitudes occur in a particular crystal plane, whereby the lattice constants of the three constant axes have different tetragonal systems.
부가적으로, 본 발명에 따라서 Y1-xNbxBa2Cu3O7-y성분중 희토류 원소인 Nb의 첨가 몰비 x의 값을 0.0에서 0.3까지 증가시킬 때 격자 상수의 변화는 하기의 표1에 나타나 있으며, 이에 의해서 상기 Nb의 첨가 몰비가 증가하여도 격자 상수의 변화는 일정하므로 Y1-xNbxBa2Cu3O7-y성분으로 이루어진 본 발명에 따른 세라믹 조성물은 동일한 결정 구조를 갖고 있음을 인지할 수 있다.Additionally, the lattice constant changes when the value of the addition mole ratio x of the rare earth element Nb in the Y 1-x Nb x Ba 2 Cu 3 O 7-y component is increased from 0.0 to 0.3 according to the present invention. It is shown in 1, whereby the change in lattice constant is constant even if the addition mole ratio of Nb is increased, the ceramic composition according to the present invention consisting of Y 1-x Nb x Ba 2 Cu 3 O 7-y component has the same crystal structure Recognize that you have
따라서, BaTiO성분으로 이루어진 종래의 PTC 써미스터용 세라믹 조성물은 결정립내에서 발생된 산소공이 확산 속도의 차이에 의하여 공정이 진행됨에 따라서 입계로 이동하게 되고 이로 인하여 표면 준위가 생성되어 전자를 포획하기 때문에 입계부근에서 생성된 전하 공핍층에 의한 쇼트키(schotty) 장벽에 의하여 PTC 특성을 나타내는 반면에 본 발명에 따른 YNbBaCuO계 PTC 써미스터용 분말 조성물은 상기된 바와 같이 고온 상태에서의 결정 구조가 사방 정계로 유지되어 있으므로 벌크(bulk)에 의한 PTC 특성을 나타낸다.Therefore, in the conventional ceramic composition for PTC thermistor made of BaTiO component, oxygen pores generated in the crystal grains are moved to grain boundaries as the process proceeds due to the difference in diffusion rate, and as a result, the surface level is generated to capture electrons. In the powder composition for YNbBaCuO-based PTC thermistors according to the present invention, the crystal structure of the YNbBaCuO-based PTC thermistor according to the present invention is maintained in a tetragonal system as described above. As a result, it exhibits PTC characteristics due to bulk.
한편, 본 발명의 바람직한 실시예에 따라서 희토류 원소인 Nb의 첨가 몰비가 0.05의 값을 갖는 YNbBaCuO성분으로 제작된 세라믹 조성물의 온도증가에 따른 전기 저항값의 변화는 제3도에 그래프로 나타나 있으며, 이러한 그래프의 결과 본 발명에 따라서 YNbBaCu0성분으로 이루어져 있는 PTC 써미스터용 세라믹 조성물은 상온에서 약 4.03Ω-cm정도의 비저항값을 가지며 또한 온도가 증가하면서 상기 비저항값은 완만하게 증가하다가 약 600℃에서 급격히 증가하게 되며 이에 의해서 본 발명에 따른 세라믹 조성물의 전이 온도은 약 600℃의 고온에서 형성된다는 것을 인지할 수 있다.On the other hand, according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the change of the electrical resistance value according to the temperature increase of the ceramic composition made of the YNbBaCuO component with the addition mole ratio of the rare earth element Nb is 0.05 is shown in FIG. As a result of the graph, according to the present invention, the ceramic composition for PTC thermistor consisting of YNbBaCu0 components has a specific resistance value of about 4.03Ω-cm at room temperature, and the specific resistance value gradually increases as the temperature increases, and then rapidly at about 600 ° C. It can be appreciated that the transition temperature of the ceramic composition according to the invention is thereby formed at a high temperature of about 600 ° C.
따라서, 본 발명에 따르며, PTC 써미스터는 낮은 상온 비저항값을 가지므로 상온에서 통전되는 전류 양이 증대되어서 모터의 작동에 의한 전기 제품의 작동이 양호하고 또한 PTC 특성이 나타나는 전이 온도가 약 600℃ 정도이므로 고온에서 사용가능하고 3성분계로 이루어져 있으므로 제조비용이 절감되고 또한 제조 시간이 단축된다.Therefore, according to the present invention, since the PTC thermistor has a low room temperature resistivity, the amount of current that is energized at room temperature is increased, so that the operation of the electric product by the operation of the motor is good and the transition temperature at which the PTC characteristic is exhibited is about 600 ° C. Because it can be used at high temperatures and consists of a three-component system, the manufacturing cost is reduced and the manufacturing time is shortened.
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