KR0130183B1 - Thermoplastic resin composition - Google Patents
Thermoplastic resin compositionInfo
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- KR0130183B1 KR0130183B1 KR1019930027879A KR930027879A KR0130183B1 KR 0130183 B1 KR0130183 B1 KR 0130183B1 KR 1019930027879 A KR1019930027879 A KR 1019930027879A KR 930027879 A KR930027879 A KR 930027879A KR 0130183 B1 KR0130183 B1 KR 0130183B1
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- C08L67/00—Compositions of polyesters obtained by reactions forming a carboxylic ester link in the main chain; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers
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- C08K2201/00—Specific properties of additives
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- C08K2201/00—Specific properties of additives
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Abstract
Description
제1도는 본 발명의 수지 조성물의 이형성을 평가하기 위한 시편의 단면도.1 is a cross-sectional view of a specimen for evaluating the release property of the resin composition of the present invention.
제2도는 본 발명의 수지 조성물의 이형성을 평가하기 위한 시편의 사시도.2 is a perspective view of a specimen for evaluating releasability of the resin composition of the present invention.
본 발명은 폴리에스터수지 조성물에 관한 것으로, 보다 상세하게로는 충격강도 및 이형성이 우수한 폴리에스터 수지 조성물에 관한 것이다.The present invention relates to a polyester resin composition, and more particularly to a polyester resin composition excellent in impact strength and releasability.
일반적으로 폴리에틸렌테레프탈레이트와 폴리부틸렌테레프탈레이트 등의 폴리알킬렌테레프탈레이트로 대표되는 방향족 폴리에스터 수지는 우수한 기계적, 전기적 성질 및 내약품성, 성형가공성 등이 우수하여 단독 혹은 유리섬유, 무기 필라 같은 보강재나 각종 첨가제를 혼합하고 개질시켜 섬유, 필림, 전기, 전자 및 자동차 부품등으로 국내외에서 엔지니어링 플라스틱 성형품으로 널리 사용하여 왔다. 특히 유리 섬유로 강화시키거나 난연제를 첨가하여 난연화시킨 난연 폴리에스터 수지 조성물은 우수한 기계적 강도 및 전기적 성질을 갖고 있기 때문에 최근에는 각종 성형품으로서 그 용도가 더욱 확대되고 있다.In general, aromatic polyester resins represented by polyalkylene terephthalates such as polyethylene terephthalate and polybutylene terephthalate have excellent mechanical and electrical properties, chemical resistance, and molding processability, so that they can be used alone or as reinforcing materials such as glass fibers and inorganic pillars. B. Various additives have been mixed and modified to be widely used as engineering plastic moldings at home and abroad for fiber, film, electric, electronic and automotive parts. In particular, the flame-retardant polyester resin composition reinforced with glass fibers or flame-retarded by the addition of a flame retardant has excellent mechanical strength and electrical properties, and thus its use has been expanded in recent years as various molded articles.
최근 각종 성형품의 크기가 작아지고 두께가 점차 얇아지므로 인해 성형성이 크게 요구되고 있으므로 내충격성을 유지하면서 성형성이 우수한 폴리에스터수지의 용도가 크게 증가하고 있다. 그러나 이러한 폴리알킬렌테레프탈레이트로 대표되는 방향족 폴리에스터 수지는 상술한 제반 특성이 매우 우수함에도 불구하고 내충격성이 낮아서 우수한 내충격성이 요구되는 성형품에는 그 사용이 제한되어 왔으며 지금까지 이를 개선해서 용도를 확대하기 위한 방법들이 많이 제한되어 왔다.Recently, as the size of various molded articles becomes smaller and the thickness thereof becomes thinner, moldability is greatly demanded, and thus the use of polyester resins having excellent moldability while maintaining impact resistance is increasing. However, although the aromatic polyester resin represented by such polyalkylene terephthalate has excellent properties described above, its impact resistance is low and its use has been limited to molded articles requiring excellent impact resistance. There have been many limited ways to expand.
일반적으로 폴리에스터 수지는 성형성을 향상하기 위해서는 고급 지방산에스테르, 무기물, 금속염등을 사용하는 것으로 알려져 왔는데 이 때 성형성은 다소 향상되나 상용성의 문제로 인해 기계적 물성, 특히 충격강도의 저하가 수반된다. 그리고 폴리알킬렌테레프탈레이트의 내충격성을 향상시키기 위한 종래 방법들중 가장 널리 사용되어온 방법은 일본 특공소 45-26223, 45-26224에 기술된 것처럼 α-올레핀 중합체 또는 α-올레핀 공중합체를 첨가하는 방법이 있다. 이 방법은 비교적 우수한 물성을 나타내나 폴리에스터와 α-올레핀 공중합체 사이의 상용성이 불량하여 장기 사용시 성형품의 물성이 떨어지는 단점이 있다.In general, polyester resins have been known to use higher fatty acid esters, inorganic materials, metal salts, etc. to improve moldability, but moldability is somewhat improved, but mechanical properties, particularly impact strength, are reduced due to compatibility problems. And the most widely used method for improving the impact resistance of polyalkylene terephthalate is to add an α-olefin polymer or α-olefin copolymer as described in Japanese Patent Office 45-26223, 45-26224 There is a way. This method exhibits relatively excellent physical properties but has a disadvantage in that the compatibility between the polyester and the α-olefin copolymer is poor and thus the physical properties of the molded product are inferior in long-term use.
한편 미국특허 4,485,212 및 4,558,096에는 α-올레핀 공중합체에 스타이렌 및 아크릴로니트릴의 그라프트 공중합체를 폴리에스터에 첨가하는 방법이 있다. 이 방법에 의하면 충격 강도가 향상되고 폴리에스터 수지와 α-올레핀 공중합체 사이의 상용성이 다소 개선되나 만족할 만한 수준은 아니다. 미국 특허 4,445,719 및 일본 특공소 50-23448에는 에폭시 화합물 및 에폭시 화합물에 부타디엔계 그라프트 공중합체를 첨가하여 내충격성과 성형성을 개선시켰으나 내열성이 떨어지는 단점이 있다.US Pat. Nos. 4,485,212 and 4,558,096 have methods for adding graft copolymers of styrene and acrylonitrile to the α-olefin copolymer to the polyester. This method improves the impact strength and somewhat improves the compatibility between the polyester resin and the α-olefin copolymer, but is not satisfactory. US Pat. No. 4,445,719 and Japanese Patent Application No. 50-23448 improve the impact resistance and formability by adding butadiene-based graft copolymers to epoxy compounds and epoxy compounds, but have disadvantages of poor heat resistance.
한편 기존의 수지 개질 기술에서 새롭게 적용되고 있는 기술은 α-올레핀 중합체 및 α-올레핀 공중합체와 방향족 폴리에스터 수지의 상용성이 나쁜 것을 해결하기 위해 α-올레핀 공중합체에 아크릴 수지가 그라프트된 상용화제를 소량 첨가하는 방법이 소개 되고 있으나 아직 만족 할 수준은 아니다.On the other hand, the technology newly applied in the existing resin reforming technology is commercialized in which the acrylic resin is grafted to the α-olefin copolymer in order to solve the poor compatibility between the α-olefin polymer and the α-olefin copolymer and the aromatic polyester resin. The addition of small amounts of the agent has been introduced but is not yet satisfactory.
상술한 바와 같은 각종 첨가제를 첨가시 내충격성은 어느 정도 향상되나 내충격성과When adding various additives as described above, the impact resistance is somewhat improved, but
이형성등 전반적인 기계적 물성을 상관적으로 향상하는데에는 여전히 문제점이 있다.There is still a problem in improving the overall mechanical properties such as mold release.
본 발명은 상기한 바와 같은 문제점을 해결하기 위한 것으로, 우수한 충격강도를 유지하면서 전반적인 기계적 물성의 저하 없이 성형성이 우수한 폴레알킬렌테레프탈레이트로 대표되는 방향족 폴리에스터 수지를 제공하는 것을 목적으로 한다.The present invention has been made to solve the above problems, and an object of the present invention is to provide an aromatic polyester resin represented by a polyalkylene terephthalate having excellent moldability without deteriorating overall mechanical properties while maintaining excellent impact strength.
이하 본 발명을 상세히 설명하면 다음과 같다.Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in detail.
본 발명의 수지 조성물의 조성은 아래와 같다.The composition of the resin composition of this invention is as follows.
가) 폴리에스터수지 30 내지 80중량부A) 30 to 80 parts by weight of polyester resin
나) 공중합 폴리에스터수지 5 내지 30중량부B) 5 to 30 parts by weight of copolymerized polyester resin
다) 공중합체 2 내지 20중량부C) 2 to 20 parts by weight of copolymer
라) 인계 화합물 1 내지 10중량부D) 1 to 10 parts by weight of a phosphorus compound
마) 난연제/난연조제 5 내지 30중량부E) 5 to 30 parts by weight of flame retardant / flame retardant
바) 유리섬유 5 내지 50중량부F) 5 to 50 parts by weight of glass fiber
사) 기타 첨가제 0.1 내지 5중량부G) 0.1 to 5 parts by weight of other additives
본 발명에 사용되는 폴리알킬테레프탈레이트로 대표되는 방향족 폴리에스터 수지는 테레프탈산 또는 디 알킬테레프탈레이트와 같은 디카르본산 또는 그에 에스테르 형성이 가능한 유도체와 1,4-부탄디올, 2,3-부탄디올, 2,4-부탄디올, 에틸렌글리콜, 프로필렌 글리콜과 같은 디올 성분 또는 그에 에스테르 형성이 가능한 유도체를 주성분으로 하여 직접 에스테르화 또는 에스테르 교환 반응을 통해 얻어진 중합체이다. 이러한 폴리에스테르수지로서는 폴리에틸렌테레프탈레이트, 폴리부틸렌테레부탈레이트 등이 있으나 본 발명에서는 극한 점도(25℃에서 무게비로 페놀 60%에 테트라클로로에탄이 40%로 된 용매에서 측정)가 0.4 내지 1.2가 좋다.The aromatic polyester resins represented by the polyalkyl terephthalates used in the present invention include dicarboxylic acids such as terephthalic acid or dialkyl terephthalate or derivatives capable of forming esters thereof, and 1,4-butanediol, 2,3-butanediol, 2, It is a polymer obtained through direct esterification or transesterification reaction mainly based on a diol component such as 4-butanediol, ethylene glycol, propylene glycol, or a derivative capable of ester formation thereof. Such polyester resins include polyethylene terephthalate and polybutylene terebutate, but in the present invention, the intrinsic viscosity (measured in a solvent consisting of 60% phenol and 40% tetrachloroethane in weight ratio at 25 ° C.) is 0.4 to 1.2 good.
만일 극한 점도가 0.4 이하인 저분자 폴리에스테르수지를 사용하게 되면 수지 조성물의 유동성은 우수하게 되지만 각종 첨가제와의 상용성이 떨어지기 때문에 사출 성형시 기계적 물성이 떨어지는 단점이 생기며 극한 점도가 1.2이상인 고분자 폴리에스테르 수지를 사용하게 되면 압출 성형시 기계적 물성이 떨어지는 단점은 어느정도 해결할 수 있으나 가공시 용융 점도가 급격히 상승되어 수지 조성물의 분산성이 떨어지고 특히 사출 성형시 사출압이 급격히 올라가 이형성이 떨어지기 때문에 상업화 되어 있는 폴리알킬렌테레프탈레이트의 극한 점도는 0.4 내지 1.2인 것을 사용하고 있다.If the low molecular polyester resin having an intrinsic viscosity of 0.4 or less is used, the fluidity of the resin composition is excellent, but the compatibility with various additives is poor, resulting in a disadvantage of inferior mechanical properties during injection molding, and a polymer polyester having an intrinsic viscosity of 1.2 or more. When the resin is used, the disadvantages of mechanical properties during extrusion molding can be solved to some extent, but the melt viscosity increases rapidly during processing, so that the dispersibility of the resin composition decreases, and in particular, the injection pressure rises sharply during injection molding, which results in commercialization. The intrinsic viscosity of polyalkylene terephthalate uses the thing of 0.4-1.2.
본 발명에 있어서 공중합 폴리에스터 수지는 테레프탈산(TPA)와 부탄디올(BG) 그리고 폴레테트라글리콜(PRMG)로 중합되는 아래의 일반식(Ⅰ)로 표시되는 구조를 갖는 공중합체로서 5 내지 30중량부를 혼합시킨다.In the present invention, the copolymerized polyester resin is a copolymer having a structure represented by the following general formula (I) polymerized with terephthalic acid (TPA), butanediol (BG) and polytetraglycol (PRMG), and mixing 5 to 30 parts by weight. Let's do it.
(여기서 X는 4 내지 5인 정수이고, n과 m은 10 내지 50인 정수이며 a는 20 내지 100인 정수이다.)(Where X is an integer of 4 to 5, n and m are integers of 10 to 50 and a is an integer of 20 to 100).
공중합체는 다음의 일반식(Ⅱ)로 표시되는 구조를 갖는 α-올레핀 및 α, β-불포화산의 글리시딜 에스테르기에서 유도된 글리시딜기 함유 올레핀공중합체를 2 내지 20중량부를 혼합시킨다.The copolymer mixes 2 to 20 parts by weight of an α-olefin having a structure represented by the following general formula (II) and a glycidyl group-containing olefin copolymer derived from glycidyl ester groups of α and β-unsaturated acids. .
상기식에서 n은 2 내지 100인 정수이며, X는 수소이거나 탄소수가 1 내지 6인 탄화수소, R1은 수소이거나 불포화 탄화수소그룹, R2는 수소이거나 불포화 글로시딜기이다. 그러나 폴리알킬렌테레프탈레이트로 대표되는 방향족폴리에스터수지와 반응성이 우수한 불포화 글리시딜기를 일반적으로 사용하고 있다. 여기서 불포화 글리시딜기는 적어도 하나 이상의 에폭시기를 갖고 있으며 공중합체는 적어도 하나의 불포화 글리시딜기와 적어도 하나의 올레핀기를 공중합시켜 얻어지는 글리시딜기 함유 올레핀 공중합체이다.Wherein n is an integer of 2 to 100, X is hydrogen or a hydrocarbon of 1 to 6 carbon atoms, R 1 is hydrogen or an unsaturated hydrocarbon group, R 2 is hydrogen or an unsaturated glosidyl group. However, the unsaturated glycidyl group which is excellent in reactivity with the aromatic polyester resin represented by polyalkylene terephthalate is generally used. Wherein the unsaturated glycidyl group has at least one epoxy group and the copolymer is a glycidyl group-containing olefin copolymer obtained by copolymerizing at least one unsaturated glycidyl group and at least one olefin group.
본 발명에서 불포화 글리시딜기와 공중합되는 올레핀기로는 올레핀, 포화알콜, 비닐 에테르 등이 바람직하며 이러한 올레핀기는 단독 또는 둘 이상의 서로 다른 혼합물로서 혼합되어 사용될 수 있다.As the olefin group copolymerized with an unsaturated glycidyl group in the present invention, olefins, saturated alcohols, vinyl ethers, and the like are preferable, and these olefin groups may be used alone or as a mixture of two or more different mixtures.
본 발명에서 불포화 글리시딜기와 올레핀기의 공중합물인 올레핀공중합물은 글리시딜기를 갖는 α-올레핀 공중합체 메타크릴레이트, 아크릴레이트, 비닐아세테이트, 폴리스티렌등이 그라프트된 공중합물이다.In the present invention, the olefin copolymer obtained by copolymerizing an unsaturated glycidyl group and an olefin group is a copolymer in which an α-olefin copolymer methacrylate, acrylate, vinyl acetate, polystyrene, etc. having a glycidyl group is grafted.
인계 화합물은 모노에스테르 또는 디에스테르형태의 포스페이트로서 다음의 일반식(Ⅲ)의 구조를 가지며 다음의 화합물 중 1종 내지 2종을 사용하는 것이 바람직하다.The phosphorus compound has a structure of the following general formula (III) as a phosphate in the form of a monoester or a diester, and it is preferable to use one or two of the following compounds.
(여기서, R1은 탄소수 1내지 30인 지방족 알킬기이며, R2는 수소이거나 탄소수 1 내지 30인 지방족 알킬기이며, R1과 R2는 서로 같거나 다를 수 있다.)(Wherein R 1 is an aliphatic alkyl group having 1 to 30 carbon atoms, R 2 is hydrogen or an aliphatic alkyl group having 1 to 30 carbon atoms, and R 1 and R 2 may be the same or different from each other.)
즉, 메틸디하이드로겐포스페이트, 에틸디하드로겐포스페이트, 2-에틸헥실디하이드로겐 포스페이트, 데실디하이드로겐포스페이트, 도데실디하이드로겐포스페이트, 트리데실디하이드로겐포스페이트, 스테아릴디하이드로겐포스페이트 등의 모노에스테르 및 디메틸하이드로겐포스페이트, 디이소아밀하이드로겐포스페이트, 디옥틸하이드록겐포스페이트, 디이소옥틸하이드로겐 포스페이트, 비스(2-에틸헥실)하이드로겐 포스페이트, 디도데실하이드로겐포스페이트, 디도데실하이드로겐포스페이트, 디옥타데실하이드로겐포스페이트 등의 디에스테르가 그 예이다.That is, methyl dihydrogen phosphate, ethyl dihydrogen phosphate, 2-ethylhexyl dihydrogen phosphate, decyl dihydrogen phosphate, dodecyl dihydrogen phosphate, tridecyl dihydrogen phosphate, stearyl dihydrogen phosphate, etc. Monoesters and dimethylhydrogenphosphate, diisoamylhydrogenphosphate, dioctylhydrogenphosphate, diisooctylhydrogen phosphate, bis (2-ethylhexyl) hydrogen phosphate, dododecylhydrogenphosphate, dididodecylhydrogen Examples thereof include diesters such as phosphate and dioctadecylhydrogen phosphate.
난연제는 다음의 일반식(Ⅳ)의 데카브로모디페닐옥사이드와 안티몬트리옥사이드로 구성되며 데카브로모디페닐옥사이드와 안티몬트리옥사이드의 비는 1 : 1내지 5 : 1의 비율이 좋다.The flame retardant is composed of decabromodiphenyl oxide and antimony trioxide of the following general formula (IV), and the ratio of decabromodiphenyl oxide and antimony trioxide is preferably 1: 1 to 5: 1.
유리섬유는 길이가 2 내지 8㎜이고 직경이 7 내지 15㎛이며 유기작용기를 가진 실란계 화합물의 표면처리된 유리섬유가 좋다.The glass fiber is preferably 2 to 8 mm in length, 7 to 15 μm in diameter, and a surface treated glass fiber of a silane compound having an organic functional group.
기타 첨가제에 있어서 안정제로는 힌더드페놀, 포스파이트, 티오계등이 널리 사용되며 단독 또는 복합으로 사용될 수 있는데 본 발명에서는 힌더드페놀과 포스파이트의 복합으로 테트라키스[메틸렌-(3,5-디-t-부틸-4-하이드록시페닐) 프로피오네이트] 메탄이 트리스(2,4-디-t-부틸페닐)포스파이트와 1 : 1로 혼합되어 있는 것(이하, 안정제 A로 칭함)을 사용할 수 있으며 이형제로는 에틸렌-비스-스테아라미드(이하, 안정제 B로 칭함), 알루미늄스테아레이트(이하, 안정제 C로 칭함)을 사용할 수 있으며 바람직하게는 안정제 A, B, C를 1 : 1 : 1의 비로 함께 사용하면 좋다. 기타 염료, 안료, 자외선 안정제, 발포제 등을 임의로 혼합할 수 있다.In other additives, hindered phenol, phosphite, and thio-based stabilizers are widely used, and may be used alone or in combination. In the present invention, tetrakis [methylene- (3,5- Di-t-butyl-4-hydroxyphenyl) propionate] methane mixed with tris (2,4-di-t-butylphenyl) phosphite in 1: 1 (hereinafter referred to as stabilizer A) As the release agent, ethylene-bis-stearamid (hereinafter referred to as stabilizer B) and aluminum stearate (hereinafter referred to as stabilizer C) may be used. Preferably, stabilizers A, B, and C are 1: 1. It is good to use together at ratio of 1 :. Other dyes, pigments, ultraviolet stabilizers, blowing agents and the like can be mixed arbitrarily.
본 발명의 열가소성수지 조성물을 제조함에 있어서 상기 조성물을 슈퍼믹서로 혼합된 후 싱글스크류 압출기 또는 트윈스크류 압출기를 사용할 수 있으며 압출시 온도는 230℃ 내지 270℃가 좋다.In preparing the thermoplastic resin composition of the present invention, a single screw extruder or a twin screw extruder may be used after the composition is mixed in a super mixer, and the extrusion temperature may be 230 ° C. to 270 ° C.
이하 본 발명을 실시예 및 비교예에서 상세한 설명하면 다음과 같다.Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in detail in Examples and Comparative Examples.
(실시예 1)(Example 1)
극한 점도(페놀 : 테트라클로오에탄 = 6 : 4 인 용매중, 25℃에서 측정) 0.9인 폴리에스테르수지(PBT) 45중량부, 공중합 폴리에스테르 수지 10중량부, 공중합체 탄성체 3중량부, 인계 화합물 1중량부, 난연제/난연조제 10중량부 유리섬유 30중량부 및 기타 첨가제 1중량부를 각각 첨가하여 슈퍼믹서로 혼합한 후 JSW 트윈스크류 압출기를 이용하여 240℃ 내지 260℃의 온도에서 압출하여 펠렛을 얻었다.Intrinsic viscosity (phenol: tetrachloroethane = 6: 4, measured at 25 ° C.) 45 parts by weight of polyester resin (PBT) of 0.9, 10 parts by weight of copolymerized polyester resin, 3 parts by weight of copolymer elastomer, phosphorus 1 part by weight of the compound, 10 parts by weight of flame retardant / flame retardant aid, 30 parts by weight of glass fiber and 1 part by weight of other additives were added and mixed in a super mixer, and then extruded at a temperature of 240 ° C. to 260 ° C. using a JSW twin screw extruder. Got.
물성을 측정하기 위하여 열풍 건조기에서 100℃에서 4시간 이상 충분히 건조한 후 ENGEL 사출기를 이용하여 220℃ 내지 240℃의 온도에서 사출하여 ASTM규격의 측정용 사출시편을 얻었다. 이렇게 만든 시편을 ASTM D256에 따른 충격강도를 ASTM D648에 따른 열변형온도를 UL 94에 따른 난연성을 측정하였다.In order to measure physical properties, the sample was sufficiently dried at 100 ° C. in a hot air dryer for 4 hours or more, and then injected at a temperature of 220 ° C. to 240 ° C. using an ENGEL injection machine to obtain an injection test specimen for ASTM specification. The specimens thus prepared were measured for impact strength according to ASTM D256, flame resistance according to UL 94, and thermal deformation temperature according to ASTM D648.
이형성은 NISSEI 사출기를 이용하여 이형 압력 측정용 금형에서 제1도 및 제2도와 같은 원통형 성형품으로 성형할 때 키슬러 압력 센서로 이형압력 및 이형성을 평가하였다.The release property was evaluated by using the KISSLER pressure sensor to release the mold release pressure and the release property when forming a cylindrical molded article as shown in FIG. 1 and FIG.
(실시예 2 내지 4)(Examples 2 to 4)
실시예 1과 동일한 수지를 표 1과 같이 함량을 변화시켜 실험하여 동일한 방법으로 기계적 물성 및 이형성을 평가하였다.The same resin as in Example 1 was tested by changing the content as shown in Table 1 to evaluate the mechanical properties and releasability in the same manner.
(비교예 1 내지 6)(Comparative Examples 1 to 6)
실시예에서 사용한 일부 첨가제를 사용하지 않을 경우의 수지 조성물의 기계적 물성과 이형성을 평가한 것으로 표 1에 따라 조성을 변화시키면서 실시예 1과 동일한 방법으로 기계적 물성 및 이형성을 평가하였다.The mechanical properties and the releasability of the resin composition when some of the additives used in the examples were not used were evaluated. The mechanical properties and the releasability were evaluated in the same manner as in Example 1 while changing the composition according to Table 1.
[표 1]TABLE 1
[표 2]TABLE 2
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