KR0123419B1 - Speed reducer - Google Patents

Abstract

The sun gear(2) is on the input shaft(1) as a body. The planetary gear units(u1,u2,u3) have input-output planetary gears(12,13,14,15,16,17) which gears with the sun gear(2) and the rung gear(8,9) which is formed inner the fixed gear disk(4) and the output shaft(6). The planetary gear decelerator is composed of the output shaft(6) decelerated by rotation rate of the input shaft(1). The bearing guides(3,10,11) of the sun gear(2) and the ring gears(89) makes a contact glidingly with the bearing(18,19,20) in the planetary gear units(u1,u2,u3). The input-output planetary gears(12,13,14,15,16,17) has the same teeth numbers. The input planetary gears(12,13,14) runs parallel with the output planetary gears(15,16,17) on one, but do not on the others. The teeth number of the output ring gear(9) are =F1 than them of the input ring gear(8).

Description

reducer

1 is an exploded perspective view showing an embodiment of the present invention.

1 (a, b, c) is a plan view of each planetary gear unit used in the present invention.

Figure 2 is a side cross-sectional view showing an embodiment of the present invention.

3 is a plan view showing an embodiment of the present invention.

4 is a plan view showing another embodiment of the present invention.

* Explanation of symbols for main parts of the drawings

1: Input shaft 2: Sun gear

3: bare lead 4: fixed gear disc

5: shaft hole 6: output shaft

7: Shaft hole 8: (Input side) ring gear

9: (output side) ring gear 10,11: bearing guide

12, 13, 14: (input side) planetary gear 15, 16, 17: (output side) planetary gear

18,19,20: bearing 21: housing

22: Sliding surface U1, U2, U3: Planetary gear unit

The present invention relates to a speed reducer, and more particularly, to provide a new configuration of the speed reducer to achieve a high rate of deceleration and at the same time to improve the driving stability and power transmission efficiency, noise prevention effect, durability increase effect, etc. To do it.

In the past, there have been various reduction gears, but since most reduction gears are composed of spur gears, the gear ratio is increased. It is not suitable for use in various power devices, and in order to increase the reduction ratio, it is necessary to use a plurality of gears in combination in multiple stages, thereby limiting the increase in the reduction ratio.

In addition, in the case of the dignity gear, a relatively high reduction ratio can be obtained, but because of the frictional power transmission method due to the inclination angle of the dignity gear, power loss and wear rate are large, and noise and high heat are generated. In the case of the internal brake reducer, the normal value is fixed and the output value is released as a deformed value, so that the concentricity of the output shaft is quite difficult.

In addition, some of the proposed planetary gear reducers use carrier plates as the centering means between the input and output planetary gears, ring gears and sun gears, so the power loss is large and noise is increased. There have been a number of problems, such as reduced durability due to change.

More importantly, in the case of the conventional planetary gear reducer, the input / output ring gears have the same dimensions and the input / output planetary gears can be decelerated to reduce the speed. There was a limit to increase.

This becomes more apparent when calculating the reduction ratio A by substituting a numerical value.

In other words, the reduction ratio (A)

Reduction ratio (A) = {(input ring gear dimension ÷ sun gear dimension) = 1 output planetary gear dimension}

Obtained by

For example, when the input / output side ring gear size is 30, the linear gear size is 10, and the output planetary gear size is 9, the reduction ratio A is as follows.

｛(30 ÷ 10) +1｝ X 9 = 96: 1

It will be.

In this case, if the gear ratio is increased, the gear size of each gear must be increased.Therefore, there is a limit to the increase of the gear size within a predetermined volume. To the conclusion.

Such a planetary gear reducer has also been disclosed in JP-A-61-79047. That is, Japanese Patent Application No. 61-79047 coaxially installs three sets of planetary gear units each having an input shaft, an output shaft, and an input / output planetary gear, and attaches a sun gear to the input shaft, and at the same time, a ring gear that is meshed with the input planetary gear. To the gear case. In addition, the planetary gears of the output side and geared ring gears are formed on the inner periphery of the output shaft, and at the same time, the planetary gears of the planetary gear units of both input and output are connected together to form a planetary gear type electric mechanism. In addition, a roller-shaped circular plate is installed at the center of the dominant gear, and a circular flaw is formed at the inner circumferential portion of the input gear case so that the circular plate is electrically contacted with the circular flaw, and the circular plate can be rotated relative to the planetary gear. A planetary gear type reduction device comprising a roller-shaped member, wherein the roller member is attached to both ends of the rotational shaft of the planetary gear freely for rotation, and the roller member is electrically contacted with the inner periphery of the gear. The technology is a typical example of a planetary gear reducer, which uses a roller member at the center and both ends of the planetary gear unit in maintaining the reference distance between the planetary gear, the sun gear and the ring gear. Due to the frictional heat generated by the difference in the rotation ratio of the gears. The configuration is degraded and the noise is also a problem. The reduction ratio is a general planetary gear reducer made by adding or reducing the dimensions of the input planetary gear and the output dominant gear. The problem could not be overcome. In order to make the reduction ratio high, there is a method of increasing the number of gears, but this is because the exact angle division and the gear processing are very difficult, so that the reduction ratio is limited unless the volume of the entire reducer is increased.

Therefore, the present invention was invented in view of all the problems of the conventional speed reducer as described above, and more specifically, the first object of the present invention is to increase the reduction ratio to a high ratio while constructing a compact volume of the speed reducer. By minimizing the frictional resistance, it increases the durability of the gear along with the reduction of the noise generated in the reducer, and the third is to maximize the efficiency of power transmission with the accuracy of power transmission.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE EMBODIMENTS Embodiments of the present invention for achieving this purpose will be described in detail with the accompanying drawings.

1 is an exploded perspective view showing an embodiment of the reduction gear proposed in the present invention and a plan view of each planetary gear unit, FIG. 2 is a side view showing an embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 3 is an embodiment of the present invention. 4 is a plan view showing some other embodiments of the present invention, the speed reducer of the present invention is a planetary gear type reducer, the input shaft 1 is formed with a sun gear (2; sun gear), In the middle of the sun gear 2, the bearing guide 3 is formed with a certain gap T so that the sun gear 2 is divided into an input side and an output side.

One side of the sun gear 2 is inserted into the central shaft hole 5 of the fixed gear disk 4, the other side is inserted into the shaft hole 7 formed in the center portion of the output shaft 6 is configured to be freely rotatable.

Input and output ring gears 8 and 9 are formed on the inner circumferential surfaces of the fixed gear disk 4 and the output shaft 6, and bearing guides 10 and 11 are stepped on the outer ends of the ring gears 8 and 9, respectively. Is formed. As shown in FIG. 3, the input planetary gears 12, 13, 14 and the output planetary gears 15, 16, 17 are geared between the ring gears 8, 9 and the sun gear 2, respectively. It is installed to be bitten.

Bearings 18, 19, and 20 are interposed between the input and output side planetary gears 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, and 17, respectively. The outer circumferential surfaces of the bearings 18, 19, and 20 are each sun gear ( 2) Drive the planetary gears 12, 13, 14, 15, 16 and 17 while connecting the bearing guide 3 on the upper part with the fixed gear disk 4 and the bearing guides 10 and 11 formed on the output side 6. The city center will be set.

In addition, the dimensions of the input planetary gears 12, 13, and 14 and the output planetary gears 15, 16, and 17 are of the same dimensions. The gear units U1, U2, and U3 have the following configuration. That is, as shown in (a, b, c) of FIG. 1, one planetary gear unit U1 has gear values of the left and right planetary input and output planetary gears 12, 15 formed in parallel to each other, and another planetary gear unit ( In U2), gear values of the input / output planetary gears 13 and 16 are shifted to one side, and another planetary gear unit U3 is configured to shift the gear values of the input / output planetary gears 14 and 17 to the other side. The gears of the left and right input / output planetary gears 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, and 17 of the respective planetary gear units U1, U2, and U3 are positioned on parallel lines or shifted to one side or the other side. It is directly related to the dimensions of the ring gear 9 formed on 6). In the present invention, in order to reduce the speed, the size of the output ring gear 9 is ± ± the size of the input ring gear 8 without changing the dimensions of the input / output planetary gears 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17. It is configured to decelerate by one and decelerate. As a result, the planetary gear units U1, U2, and U3 geared and driven by the input / output side ring gears 8 and 9 have the same dimensions, so that the input planetary gears 12, 13, and 14 are sun gears (2). There is no problem in driving by being engaged with the ring gear (8), but the output planetary gears (15, 16, 17) are engaged with the sun gear (2) and the output ring gear (9), and the planetary gear (15) when driving with Since the planetary gear 15 of one of the gear teeth of the gears 16 and 17 is a normal gear bit, the two gears of the planetary gears 16 and 17 are eccentrically shifted to the right and the left, respectively, and are inevitably geared and driven. In the present invention, the gear teeth are formed so that the gear teeth of the planetary gears 16 and 17 are shifted by the gap eccentric to the ring gear 9.

The output planetary gears (15, 16, 17) is the same as the input planetary gears (12, 13, 14) to form three kinematics and maintain the stability, can also double the efficiency of power transmission, According to the second embodiment, only one output side planetary gear 15 may be formed as shown in FIG.

In addition, the fixed gear disk 4 and the output shaft 6 are freely received while having a sliding surface 22 freely rotatable in the housing 21.

The operation and effects of the speed reducer of the present invention, which can be configured as described above, will be described in more detail below.

When the input shaft 1 rotates, when the gear shaft is engaged with the front and rear sun gears 2 formed on the input shaft 1, the input shaft 1 and the input / output ring gears 8 and 9 on the output shaft 6 are divided by 120 °. The planetary gear units U1, U2, U3, which are geared respectively, rotate, and the output shaft 6 having the output planetary gears 15, 16, 17 and the ring gears 9 that are geared therein is input shaft 1; The rotational speed is significantly reduced than the number of revolutions.

The reduction ratio A by the reduction gear of this invention is calculated | required using the following formula. However, in the present invention, since the dimensions of the output planetary gears 15, 16 and 17 are the same as those of the input planetary gears 12, 13 and 14, and the dimensions of the output side ring gear 9 are changed by ± 1, the conventional dimensions are changed. Unlike multiplying the dimensions of the output ring gear 9, the reduction ratio can be obtained.

That is, the reduction ratio A of the reduction gear according to the present invention is obtained by the following equation.

Reduction ratio (A) = {(input ring gear dimension ÷ sun gear dimension) +1} x output gear ring dimension

For example, the input ring gear 8 has 30 dimensions, the sun gear 2 has 10 dimensions, the input and output planetary gears 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17 have 10 dimensions, and the output side ring gear has 10 dimensions. The reduction ratio A in the case of 29 which is one smaller than the size of the input side ring gear 8 is as follows.

{(30 ÷ 10 = 1} × 29 = 116: 1

If the input side ring gear (8) has 30 dimensions, the sun gear (2) has 10 dimensions, the input and output side planetary gears (12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17) have 10 dimensions, and the output side ring gear (9) The reduction ratio (A) in the case of 31 having one dimension larger than that of the input ring gear 8 is as follows.

{(30 ÷ 10) = 1} × 29 = 116: 1

As can be seen from the above numerical substitution, the present invention has the same dimensions as the input and output planetary gears 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, and 17 in order to make the reduction ratio high in the set volume. The gear 9 is configured to be reduced by ± 1 more than the size of the input ring gear 8, so that the gear unit 9 can be provided with a high speed reducer having a superior speed reduction ratio as compared with the conventional speed reducer.

In addition, the planetary gear units (U1, U2, U3) use the bearings (18, 19, 20) as the centering means, which can reduce noise and increase durability, while minimizing power loss and providing efficiency in power transmission. It is the invention which the expectation effect is great.

Claims (2)

The sun gear 2 is integrally formed on the fixed gear disk 4 and the output shaft 6 on the input shaft 1 which is inserted into the inner shaft holes 5 and 7 and freely rotated. The sun gear 2 and the fixed gear disk 4 ) And planetary gear units U1, U2, U3 having input / output planetary gears 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, which are geared to ring gears 8, 9 formed on the inner circumferential surface of the output side 6, respectively. In the planetary gear type reduction gear configured to reduce the transmission ratio of the input shaft (1) to the output shaft (6) comprising: a bearing guide between the sun gear (2) and the ring gear (8, 9); 3, 10, and 11 to form sliding bearings 18, 19, and 20 interposed in the planetary gear units U1, U2, and U3; The input and output planetary gears 12, 13, 14, 15, 16 and 17 have the same dimensions, and the input planetary gears 12, 13 and 14 and the output planetary gears 15, 16 and 17 have one gear value. Reducer, characterized in that the two gears are eccentric to each other and parallel to each other, one ± one less than the dimensions of the output ring gear (9). The method of claim 1; Reducer, characterized in that the output planetary gear (15) of the planetary gear units (U1, U2, U3) is one.