JPWO2019107341A1 - オゾンナノバブルの抗がん剤 - Google Patents
オゾンナノバブルの抗がん剤 Download PDFInfo
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- JPWO2019107341A1 JPWO2019107341A1 JP2019557230A JP2019557230A JPWO2019107341A1 JP WO2019107341 A1 JPWO2019107341 A1 JP WO2019107341A1 JP 2019557230 A JP2019557230 A JP 2019557230A JP 2019557230 A JP2019557230 A JP 2019557230A JP WO2019107341 A1 JPWO2019107341 A1 JP WO2019107341A1
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Abstract
Description
抗VEGF抗体(一般名ベバシズマブ)は、VEGFの働きを阻害することにより、血管新生を抑えたり腫瘍の増殖や転移を抑えたりする作用がある。
抗HER2抗体(一般名トラスツズマブ)は、HER2蛋白を細胞表面に抗発現している乳などに抗腫瘍効果を有する。
[1]粒径が1μm未満のオゾンのナノバブルを含むオゾン水を活性成分として含む、がん治療又は予防用の医薬組成物。
[2]オゾン水中のオゾン濃度が1ppm以上、好ましくは10ppm以上、より好ましくは100ppm以上である、[1]に記載の医薬組成物。
[3]オゾン水が、Naイオン、Mgイオン、Kイオン及び/又はCaイオンを含む[1]又は[2]に記載の医薬組成物。
[4]オゾン水が、さらに硫黄、ホウ素、リチウム、ケイ素、亜鉛、鉄及びストロンチウムからなる群から選択される少なくとも一つのイオンを含む、[3]に記載の医薬組成物。
[5]オゾン水がにがり含有水を含む、[4]に記載の医薬組成物。
[8]他の抗がん剤がプラチナ製剤である、[7]に記載の医薬組成物。
[9]他の抗がん剤が分子標的薬である、[7]に記載の医薬組成物。
[11]静脈投与される、[1]〜[6]のいずれか一項に記載の医薬組成物。
[12]腫瘍内投与される、[1]〜[6]のいずれか一項に記載の医薬組成物。
[14]週3回投与される、[1]〜[6]のいずれか一項に記載の医薬組成物。
[2A]オゾン水中のオゾン濃度が1ppm以上、好ましくは10ppm以上、より好ましくは100ppm以上である、[1A]に記載の使用。
[3A]オゾン水が、Naイオン、Mgイオン、Kイオン及び/又はCaイオンを含む[1A]又は[2A]に記載の使用。
[4A]オゾン水が、さらに硫黄、ホウ素、リチウム、ケイ素、亜鉛、鉄及びストロンチウムからなる群から選択される少なくとも一つのイオンを含む、[3A]に記載の使用。
[5A]オゾン水がにがり含有水を含む、[4A]に記載の使用。
[8A]他の抗がん剤がプラチナ製剤である、[7A]に記載の使用。
[9A]他の抗がん剤が分子標的薬である、[7A]に記載の使用。
[11A]医薬が静脈投与される、[1A]〜[6A]のいずれか一項に記載の使用。
[12A]医薬が腫瘍内投与される、[1A]〜[6A]のいずれか一項に記載の使用。
[14A]医薬が週3回投与される、[1A]〜[6A]のいずれか一項に記載の使用。
[2B]オゾン水中のオゾン濃度が1ppm以上、好ましくは10ppm以上、より好ましくは100ppm以上である、[1B]に記載の方法。
[3B]オゾン水が、Naイオン、Mgイオン、Kイオン及び/又はCaイオンを含む[1B]又は[2B]に記載の方法。
[4B]オゾン水が、さらに硫黄、ホウ素、リチウム、ケイ素、亜鉛、鉄及びストロンチウムからなる群から選択される少なくとも一つのイオンを含む、[3B]に記載の方法。
[5B]オゾン水がにがり含有水を含む、[4B]に記載の方法。
[8B]他の抗がん剤がプラチナ製剤である、[7B]に記載の方法。
[9B]他の抗がん剤が分子標的薬である、[7B]に記載の方法。
[11B]前記オゾン水が、静脈投与される、[1B]〜[6B]のいずれか一項に記載の方法。
[12B]前記オゾン水が、腫瘍内投与される、[1B]〜[6B]のいずれか一項に記載の方法。
[14B]前記オゾン水が、週3回投与される、[1B]〜[6B]のいずれか一項に記載の方法。
[2C]オゾン水中のオゾン濃度が1ppm以上、好ましくは10ppm以上、より好ましくは100ppm以上である、[1C]に記載のオゾン水。
[3C]オゾン水が、Naイオン、Mgイオン、Kイオン及び/又はCaイオンを含む[1C]又は[2C]に記載のオゾン水。。
[4C]オゾン水が、さらに硫黄、ホウ素、リチウム、ケイ素、亜鉛、鉄及びストロンチウムからなる群から選択される少なくとも一つのイオンを含む、[3C]に記載のオゾン水。
[5C]オゾン水がにがり含有水を含む、[4C]に記載のオゾン水。
[8C]他の抗がん剤がプラチナ製剤である、[7C]に記載のオゾン水。
[9C]他の抗がん剤が分子標的薬である、[7C]に記載のオゾン水。
[11C]医薬が静脈投与される、[1C]〜[6C]のいずれか一項に記載のオゾン水。
[12C]医薬が腫瘍内投与される、[1C]〜[6C]のいずれか一項に記載のオゾン水。
[14C]医薬が週3回投与される、[1C]〜[6C]のいずれか一項に記載のオゾン水。
浮遊性微細気泡は、エジェクター方式、キャビテーション方式、旋回流方式、加圧溶解法などで作製することが出来る。
悪性腫瘍は、遺伝子変異によって自律的で制御されない増殖を行うようになった細胞集団(腫瘍、良性腫瘍と悪性腫瘍)のなかで周囲の組織に浸潤し、または転移を起こす腫瘍であり、悪性腫瘍(Malignant tumor)の用語は病理学において
1)癌腫(Carcinoma):上皮組織由来の悪性腫瘍
2)肉腫(Sarcoma):非上皮組織由来の悪性腫瘍(骨、軟骨、脂肪、筋肉、血管など)
3)その他:白血病など
に分類される。
従って本願において「がん」とは、特に限定しないが、頭頸部癌(上顎癌、(上、中、下)咽頭癌、喉頭癌、舌癌、甲状腺癌)、胸部癌(乳癌、肺癌(非小細胞肺癌、小細胞肺癌))、消化器癌(食道癌、胃癌、十二指腸癌、大腸癌(結腸癌、直腸癌)、肝癌(肝細胞癌、胆管細胞癌)、胆嚢癌、胆管癌、膵癌、肛門癌、泌尿器の癌(腎癌、尿管癌、膀胱癌、前立腺癌、陰茎癌、精巣(睾丸)癌)、生殖器癌(子宮癌(子宮頸癌、子宮体癌)、卵巣癌、外陰癌、膣癌)、皮膚癌(基底細胞癌、有棘細胞癌)などの癌腫を含んでもよい。
さらに本願において「がん」とは、特に限定しないが、線維肉腫、脂肪肉腫、筋肉腫(平滑筋肉腫など)、血管肉腫、カポジ肉腫、リンパ管肉腫、滑膜肉腫、骨肉腫
骨外性骨肉腫、悪性末梢神経性腫瘍が含まれてもよい。
さらに本願において「がん」とは、特に限定しないが、血液悪性腫瘍(例えば白血病、悪性リンパ腫、多発性骨髄腫)が含まれていてもよい。
国際公開2016/021523号明細書に記載の方法に従って製造した。具体的には実施例1の記載に従い、「深層水にがり 業務用」(赤穂化成株式会社製)のにがり含有水を、水(水道水)で3倍希釈したものを用いた。「深層水にがり 業務用」は、MgイオンをMgCl2換算で12〜30重量%含み、その他に、Caイオンを10〜100mg/リットル、Naイオンを100〜1000mg/リットル含む。
上記希釈無機水溶液中に、粒径が1.0μm〜50μmのオゾンのマイクロバブルを発生させる。水中に上記マイクロバブルが発生すると、最初は乳白色になる。そして、時間の経過と共にマイクロバブルの圧壊によって透明化し、オゾン濃度が安定的に100ppm以上含まれるオゾン水を得た(非特許文献1)。
かかるオゾン水はNAnO3としてオプトクリエーション社より購入可能である。
安定化したオゾン水NAnO3のがん細胞株10種に対する影響を2D培養および3D培養で検討した。
以下の細胞株をATCC(American Type Culture Collection)又はJCRB細胞バンクより入手し、表1に記載の培地で培養した。
Imaging Plate, 96−Well, Tissue Culture Treated(BD FALCON Cat# 353219)に40μLの各培養培地を加え、その後各細胞懸濁液を50μL(0.5×104cells/well)ずつ播種し、5%CO2存在下、37℃で培養した。
培養1日後、以下の被験物質溶液を各10μL加えて培養を継続した。
NanoCulture Plate(MH パターン, 低接着:ORGANOGENIX)に40μLの各培養培地を加え、その後各細胞懸濁液を50μL(1×104cells/well)ずつ播種し、5%CO2存在下、37℃で培養した。
培養3日後、表2に記載の被験物質溶液を各10μL加えて培養を継続した。
NAnO3と既存の抗がん剤(ドキソルビシン、ゲムシタビン、シスプラチン)との併用によるMIAPaCa−2細胞(表1参照)に対する抗腫瘍効果について検討した。
抗がん剤は以下のものを用いた。
(1)ドキソルビシン:注射用ドキソルビシン塩酸塩(アドリアシン注射用10mg(日本化薬株式会社))
腫瘍細胞のDNAの塩基対間に挿入し、DNAポリメラーゼ、RNAポリメラーゼ、トポイソメラーゼII反応を阻害し、DNA、RNA双方の生合成を抑制することによって抗腫瘍効果を示す。悪性リンパ腫、肺がん、胃がん、胆嚢・胆管がん、膵臓がん、肝臓がん、大腸がん、乳がん、膀胱がん、子宮体がん、骨肉腫、多発性骨髄腫、各種の小児がん等に適用される。
(2)ゲムシタビン:注射用ゲムシタビン塩酸塩(ジェムザール注射用200mg(日本イーライリリー株式会社))
DNA鎖に取り込まれ、別のヌクレオシドが1つ付くことにより、DNA鎖を伸長停止させる。このことにより、アポトーシスが誘導され、腫瘍細胞を自殺に追い込む。非小細胞肺がん、膵臓がん、胆道がん、尿路上皮がん、手術不能または再発乳がんに適用される。
(3)シスプラチン:シスプラチン製剤(ランダ注10mg/20mL(日本化薬株式会社))
DNAの構成塩基であるグアニン、アデニンのN−7位に結合し、DNA鎖内に架橋が形成されることにより、DNAの複製を妨げ、がん細胞を死滅させる。肺がん、膀胱がん、前立腺がん、卵巣がん、食道がん、胃がん、子宮頸がん、悪性リンパ腫など、さまざまながんに、多くの場合は併用で使われる。
MIAPaCa−2生細胞数が5×104cells/mLとなるように細胞懸濁液を調製し、12wellプレートの各wellに1mLずつ播種した。37℃、5%CO2に設定したCO2インキュベーター内に静置して18時間以上培養を行い、細胞をプレートの底面に接着させた。培養終了後にプレート内の培地を除去し、以下の被験物質溶液を1mLずつ添加した。同様の操作を48時間および72時間後にも行った。
DMEM培地(被験物質溶液1)の吸光度値を100%として、各試験群の細胞生存率(%)を求めた(図3)。
MIAPaCa−2生細胞数が5×104cells/mLとなるように細胞懸濁液を調製し、12wellプレートの各wellに1mLずつ播種した。37℃、5%CO2に設定したCO2インキュベーター内に静置して18時間以上培養を行い、細胞をプレートの底面に接着させた。培養終了後にプレート内の培地を除去し、以下の被験物質溶液を加えた。
DMEM培地(被験物質溶液1)の吸光度値を100%として、各試験群の細胞生存率(%)を求めた(図4)。
以上の結果より、NAnO3で調製した各抗がん剤の同時暴露ではガン細胞の増殖抑制は認められなかったのに対し、抗がん剤暴露後にNAnO3を暴露した方法では、各抗がん剤共に単独暴露よりも明らかな増殖抑制が認められ、中でもシスプラチンとの併用では相乗的な効果が推察された。
インビボでのNAnO3の抗腫瘍効果を検討するため、MIAPaCa−2(膵がん細胞)移植マウスにNAnO3を投与して、その薬理効果を調べた。
動物(ヌードマウス(BALB/c−nu(BALB/cAnN.Cg−foxn1nu/CrlCrlj)、雌、5週齢)を日本チャールズリバーから42匹入荷し、1週間の馴化期間絡了後(移値0日)、MIAPaCa−2細胞を全ての動物の背部皮下に1匹あたり5.0×106cellsを定法に従い、マトリスゲル(Corningマトリゲル基底膜マトリックス)を用いて移植した。移植後6日目に、腫瘍体積が150mm3以上の個体を選抜し、腫瘍体積がが平均化するように6群(5匹/群)に群わけを実施した。NAnO3(1000mg≒1ml)を14日間1日1回の強制経口投与、または静脈内及び腫瘍内間欠投与(週3回)を行った。飼育期間中、定法に従い飼育し、定期的に体重及び腫瘍径を測定した。表5に実験レジメンを示す。
実験開始から3、7、10、15日目に各群の個体の体重を測定した(表6及び図5)。その結果全期間において、 いずれの被験体群においても対象群1と比してもほぼ同様の体重変化を示した。またいずれの被験体群も、一般状態観察で異常は観察されなかった。15日目の各被験群に属するマウスの写真を図6に示す。
移植部位を目視及ぴ触診により観察し、腫瘍の長径、短径を電子ノギスで測定し、
[長径](mm)×[短径](mm)×[短径](mm)×0.5=腫瘍体積(mm3)
により、腫瘍体積を算出した(表7、図7)。
実施例3の結果をふまえ、MIAPaCa−2ヒト膵がん細胞を移植した雌5週齢ヌードマウス(BALB/c−nu)6匹にNAnO3を腫瘍内投与(400μL/body)週3回実施し、14日後、腫瘍組織を摘出し病理組織学的検査を行い、gamma−H2AXの陽性細胞率を算出した。
腫瘍組織について定法に従い10%中性ホルマリンで固定並びにパラフィン包埋後、抗gamma−H2AX抗体(Histone H2AX リン酸化抗体(Ser 139)、OxiSelect(登録商標)DNA二本鎖切断染色キット、セルバイオラボ社)を用いた免疫組織化学染色標本を作製し、各検体につき、対物レンズ40倍で無作為に3か所の組織画像撮影後、DNA二重鎖切断陽性細胞数を計測した(表8)。
マイルドな活性酸素として作用できるNAnO3はこれらの薬剤との併用にも適している。さらにその効果を高めるためには光や超音波などを併用することが可能である。あるいは放射線治療やがん免疫療法などと併用することも可能である。
Claims (14)
- 粒径が1μm未満のオゾンのナノバブルを含むオゾン水を活性成分として含む、がん治療又は予防用の医薬組成物。
- オゾン水中のオゾン濃度が1ppm以上である、請求項1に記載の医薬組成物。
- オゾン水が、Naイオン、Mgイオン、Kイオン及び/又はCaイオンを含む請求項1又は2に記載の医薬組成物。
- オゾン水が、さらに硫黄、ホウ素、リチウム、ケイ素、亜鉛、鉄及びストロンチウムからなる群から選択される少なくとも一つのイオンを含む、請求項3に記載の医薬組成物。
- オゾン水がにがり含有水を含む、請求項4に記載の医薬組成物。
- がんが、肺癌、乳癌、膵癌、大腸癌、胃癌、肝癌、前立腺癌及び卵巣癌からなる群から選択される、請求項1〜5のいずれか一項に記載の医薬組成物。
- 他の抗がん剤と共に又は連続して投与される、請求項1〜6のいずれか一項に記載の医薬組成物。
- 他の抗がん剤がプラチナ製剤である、請求項7に記載の医薬組成物。
- 他の抗がん剤が分子標的薬である、請求項7に記載の医薬組成物。
- 経口投与される、請求項1〜6のいずれか一項に記載の医薬組成物。
- 静脈投与される、請求項1〜6のいずれか一項に記載の医薬組成物。
- 腫瘍内投与される、請求項1〜6のいずれか一項に記載の医薬組成物。
- 毎日1回投与される、請求項1〜6のいずれか一項に記載の医薬組成物。
- 週3回投与される、請求項1〜6のいずれか一項に記載の医薬組成物。
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