JPWO2017170338A1 - 免疫誘導剤 - Google Patents
免疫誘導剤 Download PDFInfo
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- JPWO2017170338A1 JPWO2017170338A1 JP2017539041A JP2017539041A JPWO2017170338A1 JP WO2017170338 A1 JPWO2017170338 A1 JP WO2017170338A1 JP 2017539041 A JP2017539041 A JP 2017539041A JP 2017539041 A JP2017539041 A JP 2017539041A JP WO2017170338 A1 JPWO2017170338 A1 JP WO2017170338A1
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Abstract
Description
(1)以下の(a)〜(d)のポリペプチドから選択され、かつ免疫誘導活性を有する少なくとも1つのポリペプチド、又は該ポリペプチドをコードするポリヌクレオチドを含み、かつ生体内で該ポリペプチドを発現可能な組換えベクター、を有効成分として含有する免疫誘導剤。
(a)配列表の配列番号2、4、6、又は8に示されるアミノ酸配列中の連続する7個以上から全長以下のアミノ酸から成るポリペプチド
(b)配列表の配列番号2、4、6、又は8に示されるアミノ酸配列において1〜数個のアミノ酸が欠失、置換若しくは付加されたアミノ酸配列からなるポリペプチド
(c)配列表の配列番号2、4、6、又は8に示されるアミノ酸配列に対して90%以上の配列同一性を有するアミノ酸配列からなるポリペプチド
(d)前記(a)〜(c)のいずれかのポリペプチドを部分配列として含むポリペプチド
(2)抗原提示細胞の処理剤である、(1)に記載の免疫誘導剤。
(3)癌の治療及び/又は予防剤の有効成分である、(1)に記載の免疫誘導剤。
(4)前記癌がMRAP2を発現する癌である、(3)に記載の免疫誘導剤。
(5)前記癌が白血病、悪性リンパ腫、肺癌、脳腫瘍、大腸癌、メラノーマ、神経芽腫、膵癌、胃癌、肝癌、卵巣癌、食道癌、腎癌、肥満細胞腫又は肛門周囲腺癌である、(3)又は(4)に記載の免疫誘導剤。
(6)免疫増強剤をさらに含む、(1)〜(5)のいずれかに記載の免疫誘導剤。
(7)前記免疫増強剤が、フロイントの不完全アジュバント、モンタニド、ポリIC及びその誘導体、CpGオリゴヌクレオチド、インターロイキン12、インターロイキン18、インターフェロンα、インターフェロンβ、インターフェロンω、インターフェロンγ、及びFlt3リガンドから成る群より選ばれる少なくとも一つである、(6)に記載の免疫誘導剤。
(8)(1)に定義するポリペプチドと被験体由来の抗原提示細胞とをex vivo又はインビトロで接触させることを含む、該ポリペプチドとMHC分子との複合体を含む抗原提示細胞の作製方法。
(9)前記抗原提示細胞が、MHCクラスI分子を保有する樹状細胞又はB細胞である、(8)に記載の方法。
(10)(8)又は(9)に記載の方法によって得られる抗原提示細胞と被験体由来のT細胞とをex vivo又はインビトロで接触させて該T細胞を活性化することを含む、(1)に定義するポリペプチドに特異的な細胞障害性T細胞の作製方法。
(11)以下の(a)〜(d)のポリペプチドから選択され、かつ免疫誘導活性を有する少なくとも1つのポリペプチド、又は該ポリペプチドをコードするポリヌクレオチドを含み、かつ生体内で該ポリペプチドを発現可能な組換えベクター、を被験体に投与することを含む、免疫誘導方法。
(a)配列表の配列番号2、4、6、又は8に示されるアミノ酸配列中の連続する7個以上から全長以下のアミノ酸から成るポリペプチド
(b)配列表の配列番号2、4、6、又は8に示されるアミノ酸配列において、1〜数個のアミノ酸が欠失、置換若しくは付加されたアミノ酸配列からなるポリペプチド
(c)配列表の配列番号2、4、6、又は8に示されるアミノ酸配列に対して90%以上の配列同一性を有するアミノ酸配列からなるポリペプチド
(d)前記(a)〜(c)のいずれかのポリペプチドを部分配列として含むポリペプチド
本願は、2016年3月28日に出願された日本国特許出願2016−064032号の優先権を主張するものであり、該特許出願の明細書に記載される内容を包含する。
本発明の免疫誘導剤に有効成分として含まれるポリペプチドとしては、以下の(a)〜(d)のポリペプチドが挙げられる。なお、本発明において、「ポリペプチド」とは、複数のアミノ酸がペプチド結合することによって形成される分子をいい、構成するアミノ酸数が多いポリペプチド分子のみならず、アミノ酸数が少ない低分子量の分子(オリゴペプチド)や、全長タンパク質も包含される。
(a)配列表の配列番号2、4、6、又は8に示されるアミノ酸配列を有するポリペプチド中の連続する7個以上から全長以下のアミノ酸から成り、かつ免疫誘導活性を有するポリペプチド
(b)配列表の配列番号2、4、6、又は8に示されるアミノ酸配列において1〜数個のアミノ酸が欠失、置換若しくは付加されたアミノ酸配列からなり、かつ免疫誘導活性を有するポリペプチド
(c)配列表の配列番号2、4、6、又は8に示されるアミノ酸配列に対して90%以上の配列同一性を有するアミノ酸配列からなり、かつ免疫誘導活性を有するポリペプチド
(d)前記(a)〜(c)のいずれかのポリペプチドを部分配列として含み、かつ免疫誘導活性を有するポリペプチド
後述の実施例に具体的に記載される通り、上記の免疫誘導活性を有するポリペプチドを担癌生体に投与すると、腫瘍を退縮させることができる。従って、本発明の免疫誘導剤は、癌の治療及び/又は予防剤として用いることができる。また、上記の免疫誘導活性を有するポリペプチドは、免疫誘導による癌の治療及び/又は予防方法に用いることができる。
上記ポリペプチドと(被験体由来の)抗原提示細胞とをex vivo又はインビトロで接触させることにより、該ポリペプチドを抗原提示細胞に提示させることができる。すなわち、上記の(a)〜(d)のポリペプチドは、抗原提示細胞の処理剤として利用し得る。ここで、抗原提示細胞としては、MHCクラスI分子を保有する樹状細胞又はB細胞を好ましく用いることができる。種々のMHCクラスI分子が同定されており、周知である。ヒトにおけるMHC分子はHLAと呼ぶ。HLAクラスI分子としては、HLA−A、HLA−B、HLA−Cを挙げることができ、より具体的には、HLA−A1、HLA−A0201、HLA−A0204、HLA−A0205、HLA−A0206、HLA−A0207、HLA−A11、HLA−A24、HLA−A31、HLA−A6801、HLA−B7、HLA−B8、HLA−B2705、HLA−B37、HLA−Cw0401、HLA−Cw0602などを挙げることができる。
また、上記(a)〜(d)のポリペプチドをコードするポリヌクレオチドを対象動物の体内で発現させることによっても、該生体内で抗体生産や細胞障害性T細胞を誘導することができ、ポリペプチドを投与するのと同等の効果が得られる。すなわち、本発明の免疫誘導剤は、上記の(a)〜(d)のポリペプチドをコードするポリヌクレオチドを含み、生体内で該ポリペプチドを発現可能な組換えベクターを有効成分として含むものであってもよい。後述の実施例に示されるように、このような抗原ポリペプチドを発現可能な組換えベクターは、DNAワクチンとも呼ばれる。
(1)cDNAライブラリーの作製
犬の精巣から酸−グアニジウム−フェノール−クロロフォルム法(Acid guanidium−Phenol−Chloroform法)により全RNAを抽出し、Oligotex−dT30 mRNA purification Kit(宝酒造株式会社製)を用いてキット添付のプロトコールに従ってポリA RNAを精製した。
上記作製したcDNAファージライブラリーを用いて、イムノスクリーニングを行った。具体的にはΦ90×15mmのNZYアガロースプレートに約2500クローンとなるように宿主大腸菌(XL1−Blue MRF')に感染させ、42℃、3〜4時間培養し、溶菌斑(プラーク)を作らせ、IPTG(イソプロピル−β−D−チオガラクトシド)を浸透させたニトロセルロースメンブレン(Hybond C Extra:GE Healthecare Bio−Sciece社製)でプレートを37℃で4時間覆うことによりタンパク質を誘導・発現させ、メンブレンにタンパク質を転写した。その後メンブレンを回収し0.5%脱脂粉乳を含むTBS(10mM Tris−HCl、150mM NaCl pH7.5)に浸し4℃で一晩振盪することによって非特異反応を抑制した。このフィルターを500倍希釈した患犬血清と室温で2〜3時間反応させた。
上記方法により単離した1個の陽性クローンを塩基配列解析に供するため、ファージベクターからプラスミドベクターに転換する操作を行った。具体的には宿主大腸菌(XL1−Blue MRF')を吸光度OD600が1.0となるよう調製した溶液200μlと、精製したファージ溶液100μlさらにExAssist helper phage (STRATAGENE社製)1μlを混合した後37℃で15分間反応後、LB培地を3ml添加し37℃で2.5〜3時間培養を行い、直ちに70℃の水浴にて20分間保温した後、4℃、1000×g、15分間遠心を行い、上清をファージミド溶液として回収した。次いでファージミド宿主大腸菌(SOLR)を吸光度OD600が1.0となるよう調製した溶液200μlと、精製したファージ溶液10μlを混合した後37℃で15分間反応させ、50μlをアンピシリン(終濃度50μg/ml)含有LB寒天培地に播き37℃一晩培養した。トランスフォームしたSOLRのシングルコロニーを採取し、アンピシリン(終濃度50μg/ml)含有LB培地37℃にて培養後、QIAGEN plasmid Miniprep Kit(キアゲン社製)を使って目的のインサートを持つプラスミドDNAを精製した。
上記方法により得られた遺伝子に対しイヌ、ヒト及びマウスの各種正常組織、各種腫瘍組織及び各種癌細胞株における発現をRT−PCR(Reverse Transcription−PCR)法により調べた。逆転写反応は以下の通り行った。すなわち、各組織50〜100mg及び各細胞株5〜10×106個の細胞からTRIZOL試薬(Life technology社製)を用いて添付のプロトコールに従い全RNAを抽出した。この全RNAを用いてSuperscript First−Strand Synthesis System for RT−PCR(Life technology社製)により添付のプロトコールに従いcDNAを合成した。ヒト正常組織(脳、精巣、結腸、胎盤)のcDNAは、ジーンプールcDNA(Life technology社製)、QUICK−Clone cDNA(クロンテック社製)及びLarge−Insert cDNA Library(クロッンテック社製)を用いた。PCR反応は、取得した遺伝子特異的なプライマー(イヌプライマーは配列番号11及び12、ヒトプライマーは配列番号13及び14、マウスプライマーは配列番号15及び16に記載)を用いて以下の通り行った。すなわち、逆転写反応により調製したサンプル0.25μl、上記プライマーを各2μM、0.2mMの各dNTP、0.65UのExTaqポリメラーゼ(宝酒造社製)となるように各試薬と添付バッファーを加え全量を25μlとし、Thermal Cycler(BIO RAD社製)を用いて、94℃−30秒、55℃−30秒、72℃−1分のサイクルを30回繰り返して行った。その結果、図1に示すように、イヌMRAP2遺伝子は、イヌ腫瘍組織では肥満細胞腫、肛門周囲腺癌で強い発現が見られた(図1)。ヒトMRAP2遺伝子発現においては、健常なヒト組織ではほとんどの組織で発現が見られず、一方、ヒト癌細胞では白血病、悪性リンパ腫、肺癌、脳腫瘍、大腸癌、膵癌、胃癌、肝癌、卵巣癌、食道癌、腎癌の細胞株で強い発現が見られた(図2)。さらに、マウスMRAP2遺伝子の発現は、白血病、メラノーマ、神経芽腫の細胞株で発現が検出された(図3)。
(1)生体内でマウスMRAP2を発現する組換えベクターの作製
配列番号7の塩基配列を基に、以下の方法にて、生体内でマウスMRAP2を発現する組換えベクターを作製した。PCRは、実施例1において発現の見られたマウス白血病細胞株EL4(ATCCより購入)より調製した。cDNAを1μl、EcoRI及びNotI制限酵素切断配列を含む2種類のプライマー(配列番号17及び18に記載)を各0.4μM、0.2mM dNTP、1.25UのPrimeSTAR HSポリメラーゼ(宝酒造株式会社製)となるように各試薬と添付バッファーを加え全量を50μlとし、Thermal Cycler(BIO RAD社製)を用いて、98℃−10秒、55℃−15秒、72℃−1分のサイクルを30回繰り返すことにより行った。なお、上記2種類のプライマーは、配列番号8のアミノ酸配列全長をコードする領域を増幅するものであった。PCR後、増幅されたDNAを1%アガロースゲルにて電気泳動し、QIAquick Gel Extraction Kit(QIAGEN社製)を用いて約600bpのDNA断片を精製した。
5匹のA/Jマウス(7週齢、雄、日本SLC社から購入)に対して、上記で作製したチューブ(マウスMRAP2/チューブ)を遺伝子銃に固定し、純ヘリウムガスを用いて400psiの圧力で、剃毛したマウスの腹腔にDNAワクチンを7日ごとに計3回、経皮投与した後に(プラスミドDNA接種量は2μg/匹になる)実施例1においてMRAP2遺伝子の発現の見られたマウス白血病細胞株EL4細胞を移植して抗腫瘍効果を評価した(予防モデル)。なお、コントロールとして、マウスMRAP2遺伝子が挿入されていないプラスミドDNAを予防モデルで5匹投与した。
5匹のA/Jマウス(7週齢、雄、日本SLC社から購入)に対して、上記で作製したチューブ(マウスMRAP2/チューブ)を遺伝子銃に固定し、純ヘリウムガスを用いて400psiの圧力で、剃毛したマウスの腹腔にDNAワクチンを7日ごとに計3回、経皮投与した後に(プラスミドDNA接種量は2μg/匹になる)実施例1において発現の見られたマウスメラノーマ細胞株B16細胞を移植して抗腫瘍効果を評価した(予防モデル)。なお、コントロールとして、マウスMRAP2遺伝子が挿入されていないプラスミドDNAを予防モデルで5匹投与した。
抗腫瘍効果は、腫瘍の大きさ(長径×短径2/2)及び生存マウスの割合で評価した。本検討の結果、予防モデルにおいて、28日後には、コントロール群及びマウスMRAP2プラスミド投与群で、それぞれ、936mm3、483mm3となり、マウスMRAP2プラスミド投与群では腫瘍の顕著な退縮が観察された。また、生存の経過を観察した結果、予防モデルにおいて、コントロール群では投与後68日で全例死亡したのに対し、マウスMRAP2プラスミド投与群では、60%のマウスが生存していた。以上の結果から、マウスMRAP2プラスミド投与群はコントロール群に比べて有意な抗腫瘍効果が認められた。
配列番号1の塩基配列を基に、以下の方法にて、生体内でヒトMRAP2を発現する組換えベクターを作製した。PCRは、実施例1において発現の見られたヒト白血病細胞株K562(ATCCより購入)より調製した。cDNAを1μl、EcoRI及びNotI制限酵素切断配列を含む2種類のプライマー(配列番号19及び20に記載)を各0.4μM、0.2mM dNTP、1.25UのPrimeSTAR HSポリメラーゼ(宝酒造社製)となるように各試薬と添付バッファーを加え全量を50μlとし、Thermal Cycler(BIO RAD社製)を用いて、98℃−10秒、55℃−15秒、72℃−1分のサイクルを30回繰り返すことにより行った。なお、上記2種類のプライマーは、配列番号2のアミノ酸配列全長をコードする領域を増幅するものであった。PCR後、増幅されたDNAを1%アガロースゲルにて電気泳動し、QIAquick Gel Extraction Kit(QIAGEN社製)を用いて約600bpのDNA断片を精製した。
上記で作製したヒトMRAP2/pcDNA3.1をマウス神経芽細胞腫細胞株N2a細胞(ATCC社)へリポフェクション法により導入し、500μg/mlのG418(ナカライ社)による選抜により、全長ヒトMRAP2を定常的に発現するN2a細胞株を樹立した(N2a−ヒトMRAP2)。また、ヒトMRAP2をコードするcDNAが挿入されていない発現ベクター(以下、emp/pcDNA3.1)を上記と同様に導入して選抜した細胞をコントロール細胞とした(以下、N2a−emp)。
5匹のA/Jマウス(7週齢、雄、日本SLC社から購入)に対して、上記で作製したチューブ(ヒトMRAP2/チューブ)を遺伝子銃に固定し、純ヘリウムガスを用いて400psiの圧力で、剃毛したマウスの腹腔にDNAワクチンを7日ごとに計3回、経皮投与した後に(プラスミドDNA接種量は2μg/匹になる)上記で作製したN2a−ヒトMRAP2又はN2a−empをそれぞれ移植して抗腫瘍効果を評価した(予防モデル)。なお、コントロールとして、ヒトMRAP2遺伝子が挿入されていないプラスミドDNAを予防モデルで5匹投与した。
本明細書で引用した全ての刊行物、特許及び特許出願をそのまま参考として本明細書に組み入れるものとする。
Claims (11)
- 以下の(a)〜(d)のポリペプチドから選択され、かつ免疫誘導活性を有する少なくとも1つのポリペプチド、又は、該ポリペプチドをコードするポリヌクレオチドを含み、生体内で該ポリペプチドを発現可能な組換えベクター、を有効成分として含有する免疫誘導剤。
(a)配列表の配列番号2、4、6、又は8に示されるアミノ酸配列中の連続する7個以上から全長以下のアミノ酸から成るポリペプチド
(b)配列表の配列番号2、4、6、又は8に示されるアミノ酸配列において1〜数個のアミノ酸が欠失、置換若しくは付加されたアミノ酸配列からなるポリペプチド
(c)配列表の配列番号2、4、6、又は8に示されるアミノ酸配列に対して90%以上の配列同一性を有するアミノ酸配列からなるポリペプチド
(d)前記(a)〜(c)のいずれかのポリペプチドを部分配列として含むポリペプチド - 抗原提示細胞の処理剤である、請求項1に記載の免疫誘導剤。
- 癌の治療及び/又は予防剤の有効成分である、請求項1に記載の免疫誘導剤。
- 前記癌がMRAP2を発現する癌である、請求項3に記載の免疫誘導剤。
- 前記癌が、白血病、悪性リンパ腫、肺癌、脳腫瘍、大腸癌、メラノーマ、神経芽腫、膵癌、胃癌、肝癌、卵巣癌、食道癌、腎癌、肥満細胞腫又は肛門周囲腺癌である、請求項3又は4に記載の免疫誘導剤。
- 免疫増強剤をさらに含む、請求項1〜5のいずれかに記載の免疫誘導剤。
- 前記免疫増強剤が、フロイントの不完全アジュバント、モンタニド、ポリIC及びその誘導体、CpGオリゴヌクレオチド、インターロイキン12、インターロイキン18、インターフェロンα、インターフェロンβ、インターフェロンω、インターフェロンγ、及びFlt3リガンドから成る群より選ばれる少なくとも一つである、請求項6に記載の免疫誘導剤。
- 請求項1に定義するポリペプチドと被験体由来の抗原提示細胞とをex vivo又はインビトロで接触させることを含む、該ポリペプチドとMHC分子との複合体を含む抗原提示細胞の作製方法。
- 前記抗原提示細胞が、MHCクラスI分子を保有する樹状細胞又はB細胞である、請求項8に記載の方法。
- 請求項8又は9に記載の方法によって得られる抗原提示細胞と被験体由来のT細胞とをex vivo又はインビトロで接触させて該T細胞を活性化することを含む、請求項1に定義するポリペプチドに特異的な細胞障害性T細胞の作製方法。
- 以下の(a)〜(d)のポリペプチドから選択され、かつ免疫誘導活性を有する少なくとも1つのポリペプチド、又は該ポリペプチドをコードするポリヌクレオチドを含み、生体内で該ポリペプチドを発現可能な組換えベクター、を被験体に投与することを含む、免疫誘導方法。
(a)配列表の配列番号2、4、6、又は8に示されるアミノ酸配列中の連続する7個以上から全長以下のアミノ酸から成るポリペプチド
(b)配列表の配列番号2、4、6、又は8に示されるアミノ酸配列において、1〜数個のアミノ酸が欠失、置換若しくは付加されたアミノ酸配列からなるポリペプチド
(c)配列表の配列番号2、4、6、又は8に示されるアミノ酸配列に対して90%以上の配列同一性を有するアミノ酸配列からなるポリペプチド
(d)前記(a)〜(c)のいずれかのポリペプチドを部分配列として含むポリペプチド
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