JPWO2017047179A1 - Load detection device - Google Patents
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- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 98
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 69
- 238000010304 firing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 230000005489 elastic deformation Effects 0.000 claims description 17
- 229910001220 stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000010935 stainless steel Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910001039 duplex stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 11
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 abstract description 11
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 abstract description 4
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 16
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 7
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 7
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 5
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 5
- 230000001965 increasing effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 3
- 150000004767 nitrides Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 238000005452 bending Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000006866 deterioration Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000002708 enhancing effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229910010272 inorganic material Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000011147 inorganic material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005554 pickling Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000001737 promoting effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000853 adhesive Substances 0.000 description 1
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- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005097 cold rolling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910000765 intermetallic Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000001247 metal acetylides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
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- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000001556 precipitation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000035945 sensitivity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052720 vanadium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01L—MEASURING FORCE, STRESS, TORQUE, WORK, MECHANICAL POWER, MECHANICAL EFFICIENCY, OR FLUID PRESSURE
- G01L1/00—Measuring force or stress, in general
- G01L1/20—Measuring force or stress, in general by measuring variations in ohmic resistance of solid materials or of electrically-conductive fluids; by making use of electrokinetic cells, i.e. liquid-containing cells wherein an electrical potential is produced or varied upon the application of stress
- G01L1/22—Measuring force or stress, in general by measuring variations in ohmic resistance of solid materials or of electrically-conductive fluids; by making use of electrokinetic cells, i.e. liquid-containing cells wherein an electrical potential is produced or varied upon the application of stress using resistance strain gauges
Abstract
優れた荷重検出性能と優れた耐荷重性能とを有することができる荷重検出装置として、引張強度が６５０ＭＰａ以上であって破断伸びが２５％以上である基材１０と、基材１０の変形に対応する電気信号を出力する検出部２０と、を備え、基材１０は、Ｃを０．０３０質量％以下、Ｍｎを２．０質量％以上４．０質量％以下、Ｃｒを２０．５質量％以上２１．５質量％以下、Ｎｉを１．５質量％以上２．５質量％以下、Ｍｏを０．６質量％以下、Ｃｕを０．５質量％以上１．５質量％以下、およびＮを０．１５質量％以上０．２０質量％含み、残部Ｆｅおよび不可避的不純物からなる二相ステンレス鋼からなり、検出部２０は、８００℃以上の温度で焼成することにより基材１０上に設けられた絶縁層２１ａ，２１ｂおよび当該絶縁層２１ａ，２１ｂ上に形成された歪センサ回路２２ａ，２２ｂを備えることを特徴とする荷重検出装置１００が提供される。 As a load detection device capable of having excellent load detection performance and excellent load bearing performance, the substrate 10 having a tensile strength of 650 MPa or more and a breaking elongation of 25% or more, and corresponding to deformation of the substrate 10 And a detection unit 20 that outputs an electrical signal, and the base material 10 has C of 0.030% by mass or less, Mn of 2.0% by mass to 4.0% by mass, and Cr of 20.5% by mass. 21.5% by mass or less, Ni 1.5% to 2.5% by mass, Mo 0.6% by mass or less, Cu 0.5% to 1.5% by mass, and N It is made of a duplex stainless steel containing 0.15% by mass or more and 0.20% by mass, the balance being Fe and inevitable impurities, and the detection unit 20 is provided on the substrate 10 by firing at a temperature of 800 ° C. or more. Insulating layers 21a and 21b and the insulating layer 21a Strain sensor circuit 22a formed on 21b, the load detector 100, characterized in that it comprises a 22b is provided.
Description
本発明は、荷重検出装置に関する。 The present invention relates to a load detection device.
上記の荷重検出装置として使用可能な歪センサの一例が、特許文献１に開示されている。かかる歪センサは、フェライト系ステンレス鋼を基材とする高弾性歪みセンサであって、Ｃｕ：０.３〜３.０質量％を含むフェライト系ステンレス鋼を基材とし、この基材に８００〜９００℃で焼成された第一の絶縁層，電極，回路パターン，歪抵抗素子，６００〜７００℃で焼成された第二の絶縁層を順次設けていることを特徴とする。このように基材上に絶縁層を介して歪センサ回路を直接形成することにより、別途作製した歪抵抗素子を、粘着材などを用いて基材に貼付した場合に比べて、高精度な歪検出が可能とされている。 An example of a strain sensor that can be used as the load detection device is disclosed in Patent Document 1. Such a strain sensor is a high elastic strain sensor based on a ferritic stainless steel, and is based on a ferritic stainless steel containing Cu: 0.3 to 3.0% by mass. A first insulating layer baked at 900 ° C., an electrode, a circuit pattern, a strain resistance element, and a second insulating layer baked at 600 to 700 ° C. are sequentially provided. By forming the strain sensor circuit directly on the base material through the insulating layer in this way, a strain sensor with a higher accuracy can be obtained than when a separately prepared strain resistance element is attached to the base material using an adhesive or the like. Detection is possible.
歪センサが設けられた荷重検出装置の基材は、検出性能を高める観点から０．２％耐力が高い方が好ましい。特許文献１に記載される歪センサの基材も、０．２％耐力を高めることが可能なように組成等の設計が行われている。 The base material of the load detection device provided with the strain sensor is preferably higher in 0.2% proof stress from the viewpoint of enhancing detection performance. The substrate of the strain sensor described in Patent Document 1 is also designed with a composition and the like so that the 0.2% proof stress can be increased.
しかしながら、荷重検出装置の基材は、付与された荷重に応じて歪を再現性よく発生させる機能、すなわち、起歪材としての機能（本明細書において「荷重検出性能」ともいう。）以外に、荷重検出対象となる部材を他の部材に対して適切に固定する機能（本明細書において「耐荷重性能」ともいう。）を有していることが求められる。例えば、荷重検出装置が、車両の座席に加えられる荷重を測定するためのもの、すなわち着座検出装置である場合には、車両の座席およびシートベルトを介して座席に固定される搭乗者を、車両の他の部材、例えば車両のフレーム（車体）に対して固定した状態を維持できることが求められる。特に、車両が衝突した場合には、座席の質量による慣性力と、シートベルトを介して伝わる搭乗者の質量による慣性力の両方が、荷重検出装置の基材に対して引張力として加えられることもある。このようなときであっても、基材の破壊が生じにくいことが搭乗者の安全性確保の観点から求められている。 However, the substrate of the load detection device has a function other than a function of generating strain with high reproducibility according to the applied load, that is, a function as a strain generating material (also referred to as “load detection performance” in this specification). In addition, it is required to have a function (also referred to as “load bearing performance” in the present specification) for appropriately fixing a member that is a load detection target to another member. For example, when the load detection device is a device for measuring a load applied to a vehicle seat, that is, a seating detection device, a vehicle seat and a passenger fixed to the seat via a seat belt are It is required to be able to maintain a fixed state with respect to other members, for example, a vehicle frame (vehicle body). In particular, when a vehicle collides, both the inertial force due to the mass of the seat and the inertial force due to the mass of the occupant transmitted through the seat belt are applied as tensile forces to the base material of the load detection device. There is also. Even in such a case, it is required from the viewpoint of ensuring the safety of the passenger that the base material is not easily broken.
本発明は、優れた荷重検出性能と優れた耐荷重性能とを有することができる荷重検出装置を提供することを目的とする。 An object of this invention is to provide the load detection apparatus which can have the outstanding load detection performance and the outstanding load bearing performance.
上記の課題を解決するために提供される本発明の一態様は、引張強度が６５０ＭＰａ以上であって破断伸びが２５％以上である基材と、前記基材の変形に基づく電気信号を出力する検出部と、を備える荷重検出装置であって、前記基材は、Ｃを０．０３０質量％以下、Ｍｎを２．０質量％以上４．０質量％以下、Ｃｒを２０．５質量％以上２１．５質量％以下、Ｎｉを１．５質量％以上２．５質量％以下、Ｍｏを０．６質量％以下、Ｃｕを０．５質量％以上１．５質量％以下、およびＮを０．１５質量％以上０．２０質量％含み、残部Ｆｅおよび不可避的不純物からなる二相ステンレス鋼からなり、前記検出部は、８００℃以上の温度で焼成することにより前記基材上に設けられた絶縁層および当該絶縁層上に形成された歪センサ回路を備えることを特徴とする荷重検出装置である。 One embodiment of the present invention provided to solve the above problems outputs a base material having a tensile strength of 650 MPa or more and a breaking elongation of 25% or more, and an electric signal based on deformation of the base material. A base material, wherein the base material is 0.030% by mass or less, Mn is 2.0% by mass or more and 4.0% by mass or less, and Cr is 20.5% by mass or more. 21.5 mass% or less, Ni 1.5 mass% or more and 2.5 mass% or less, Mo 0.6 mass% or less, Cu 0.5 mass% or more and 1.5 mass% or less, and N 0 .15% by mass or more and 0.20% by mass, the balance is made of duplex stainless steel made of Fe and inevitable impurities, and the detection unit is provided on the substrate by firing at a temperature of 800 ° C. or more. Insulating layer and strain sensor circuit formed on the insulating layer It is load detection device according to claim.
上記のように、基材の引張強度が６５０ＭＰａ以上かつ破断伸びが２５％以上であることにより、弾性域を超えるような高い荷重が基材に付与されても、基材の塑性変形でとどまり破断に至りにくい。したがって、本発明に係る荷重検出装置は、優れた荷重検出性能と優れた耐荷重性能とを有することができる。 As described above, when the tensile strength of the base material is 650 MPa or more and the elongation at break is 25% or more, even if a high load exceeding the elastic range is applied to the base material, the base material remains plastically deformed and breaks. It is difficult to reach. Therefore, the load detection device according to the present invention can have excellent load detection performance and excellent load resistance performance.
前記基材の０．２％耐力は、４５０ＭＰａ以上であることが好ましい。基材の０．２％耐力が４５０ＭＰａ以上である場合には、再現性良く歪を発生させることができ、本発明に係る荷重検出装置は優れた荷重検出性能をより安定的に有することができる。 The 0.2% proof stress of the substrate is preferably 450 MPa or more. When the 0.2% proof stress of the base material is 450 MPa or more, strain can be generated with good reproducibility, and the load detection device according to the present invention can more stably have excellent load detection performance. .
前記絶縁層は焼成体からなり、歪センサ回路は焼成体からなる絶縁層を介して基材上に形成されているため、歪センサ回路内の歪検出素子は、基材に生じた歪を高精度で検出することができる。この絶縁層を焼成するために８００℃以上の熱処理が施されても、本発明に係る二相ステンレス鋼からなる基材は、２５％以上の破断伸びを有することができる。 Since the insulating layer is made of a fired body and the strain sensor circuit is formed on the base material via the insulating layer made of the fired body, the strain detection element in the strain sensor circuit increases the strain generated on the base material. It can be detected with accuracy. Even if a heat treatment at 800 ° C. or higher is performed to fire this insulating layer, the base material made of the duplex stainless steel according to the present invention can have an elongation at break of 25% or higher.
前記基材の破断伸びは３５％以上であってもよい。荷重検出装置の耐荷重性能を高める観点からは基材の破断伸びは高いことが好ましく、基材の破断伸びが３５％以上であれば、本発明に係る荷重検出装置は優れた耐荷重性能をより安定的に有することができる。 The breaking elongation of the substrate may be 35% or more. From the viewpoint of increasing the load bearing performance of the load detection device, the base material preferably has a high elongation at break. If the base material has an elongation at break of 35% or more, the load detection device according to the present invention has an excellent load resistance performance. It can have more stable.
前記基材は、車体取付部、前記車体取付部から連設される弾性変形部、および前記弾性変形部から連接される座席取付部を備え、前記弾性変形部に前記検出部が設けられていてもよい。 The base member includes a vehicle body attachment portion, an elastic deformation portion provided continuously from the vehicle attachment portion, and a seat attachment portion connected from the elastic deformation portion, and the detection portion is provided in the elastic deformation portion. Also good.
弾性変形部に検出部が設けられていることにより、本発明に係る荷重検出装置は、優れた荷重検出性能をより安定的に有することができる。 By providing the detection part in the elastic deformation part, the load detection apparatus according to the present invention can have excellent load detection performance more stably.
本発明によれば、優れた荷重検出性能と優れた耐荷重性能とを有することができる荷重検出装置が提供される。 ADVANTAGE OF THE INVENTION According to this invention, the load detection apparatus which can have the outstanding load detection performance and the outstanding load bearing performance is provided.
以下、本発明の実施形態に係る荷重検出装置について説明する。 Hereinafter, a load detection device according to an embodiment of the present invention will be described.
図１は、本発明の一実施形態に係る荷重検出装置の構造を概念的に示す底面図である。図２は、本発明の一実施形態に係る荷重検出装置の使用状態の構成を概念的に示す、正面図である。
本発明の一実施形態に係る荷重検出装置１００は、引張強度が６５０ＭＰａ以上であって破断伸びが２５％以上である基材１０と、基材１０の変形に対応する電気信号を出力する検出部２０と、を備える。
基材１０は、Ｃを０．０３０質量％以下、Ｍｎを２．０質量％以上４．０質量％以下、Ｃｒを２０．５質量％以上２１．５質量％以下、Ｎｉを１．５質量％以上２．５質量％以下、Ｍｏを０．６質量％以下、Ｃｕを０．５質量％以上１．５質量％以下、およびＮを０．１５質量％以上０．２０質量％含む二相ステンレス鋼からなる。FIG. 1 is a bottom view conceptually showing the structure of a load detection device according to an embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 2 is a front view conceptually showing the configuration of the usage state of the load detection device according to the embodiment of the present invention.
A load detection apparatus 100 according to an embodiment of the present invention includes a base material 10 having a tensile strength of 650 MPa or more and a breaking elongation of 25% or more, and a detection unit that outputs an electrical signal corresponding to the deformation of the base material 10. 20.
The base material 10 has C of 0.030% by mass or less, Mn of 2.0% by mass to 4.0% by mass, Cr of 20.5% by mass to 21.5% by mass, and Ni of 1.5% by mass. %, 2.5% by mass or less, Mo by 0.6% by mass or less, Cu by 0.5% by mass or more and 1.5% by mass or less, and N by 0.15% by mass or more and 0.20% by mass Made of stainless steel.
以下、各元素の含有量について説明する。下記の説明において、ことわりのない「％」は質量％を意味する。
Ｃは鋼中に存在する不可避的な元素であり、その含有量が０．０３０％を超えると、熱処理時にＣｒと結合し炭化物が形成されて、靭性および耐食性が劣化する。Ｃの含有量は０．０２５％以下であることが好ましい。Ｃ含有量を過度に低減しようとすると製造コストが増加するため、Ｃ含有量は、０．００５％以上であることが好ましく、０．０１０％以上であることがより好ましい。Hereinafter, the content of each element will be described. In the following description, “%” without special meaning means mass%.
C is an unavoidable element present in steel, and if its content exceeds 0.030%, it combines with Cr during heat treatment to form carbides, and toughness and corrosion resistance deteriorate. The C content is preferably 0.025% or less. If the C content is excessively reduced, the production cost increases. Therefore, the C content is preferably 0.005% or more, and more preferably 0.010% or more.
ＭｎはＮｉと同様、γ相の化学的安定性を高め、γ相の生成を促進することで窒化物の生成を抑制する元素であるため、Ｍｎ含有量を２．０％以上とする。一方、Ｍｎ含有量を４．０％以下とすることにより、耐食性の劣化を生じにくくすることができる。耐熱性（熱処理品の機械特性の低下しにくさ）を高めることと耐食性の劣化を生じにくくすることをより安定的に実現させる観点から、Ｍｎの含有量は、０．１％以上５．５％以下であることが好ましい。 Mn, like Ni, is an element that suppresses the formation of nitrides by increasing the chemical stability of the γ phase and promoting the formation of the γ phase, so the Mn content is 2.0% or more. On the other hand, when the Mn content is 4.0% or less, it is possible to make it difficult for the corrosion resistance to deteriorate. The content of Mn is 0.1% or more and 5.5 from the viewpoint of more stably realizing heat resistance (hardness of deterioration of mechanical properties of the heat-treated product) and preventing deterioration of corrosion resistance. % Or less is preferable.
Ｃｒは耐食性を確保するために必要な元素であるため、Ｃｒ含有量を２０．５％以上とする。一方で、Ｃｒを過度に含有すると、熱処理時にσ相の生成が促進され、熱処理品の靭性が低下しやすくなるため、Ｃｒ含有量を２１．５％以下とする。 Since Cr is an element necessary for ensuring corrosion resistance, the Cr content is set to 20.5% or more. On the other hand, when Cr is excessively contained, the generation of the σ phase is promoted during the heat treatment, and the toughness of the heat treated product tends to be lowered, so the Cr content is set to 21.5% or less.
Ｎｉはγ相を増加させる元素であり、さらに耐食性および靭性を改善するため、Ｎｉ含有量を１．５％以上とする。一方、Ｎｉは高価な元素であり、過剰に添加することはコストアップにつながるため、Ｎｉ含有量を２．５％以下とする。 Ni is an element that increases the γ phase. In order to further improve the corrosion resistance and toughness, the Ni content is set to 1.5% or more. On the other hand, Ni is an expensive element, and adding excessively leads to an increase in cost, so the Ni content is set to 2.5% or less.
Ｍｏは耐食性の向上に有効な元素であるが、高価であり、σ相の生成を早めて熱処理品の靭性を低下させやすくするため、Ｍｏ含有量を０．６％以下とする。Ｍｏ含有量の下限は限定されないが、Ｍｏを含有させた効果をより安定的に享受する観点から、Ｍｏ含有量は０．０５％以上とすることが好ましい。 Mo is an element effective for improving the corrosion resistance, but is expensive, and the Mo content is set to 0.6% or less in order to accelerate the formation of the σ phase and easily reduce the toughness of the heat-treated product. The lower limit of the Mo content is not limited, but the Mo content is preferably 0.05% or more from the viewpoint of more stably enjoying the effect of containing Mo.
ＣｕはＮｉと同様、γ相の化学的安定性を高め、γ相の生成を促進することで窒化物の生成の抑制に有効な元素であるため、Ｃｕ含有量を０．５％以上とする。一方、Ｃｕの過度の含有は熱間加工性の低下をもたらすため、Ｃｕ含有量を１．５％以下とする。Ｃｕ含有量は、０．６％以上１．０％以下とすることが好ましい場合もある。 Cu, like Ni, is an element effective in suppressing the formation of nitride by enhancing the chemical stability of the γ phase and promoting the formation of the γ phase, so the Cu content is 0.5% or more. . On the other hand, excessive content of Cu causes a decrease in hot workability, so the Cu content is 1.5% or less. In some cases, the Cu content is preferably 0.6% or more and 1.0% or less.
Ｎは強度、耐食性を向上させると伴に、γ相を増加させる有効な元素であるため、Ｎ含有量を０．１５％以上とする。一方で、Ｎは過剰な添加でγ相生成能力を上回って窒化物生成を助長してしまうため、Ｎ含有量を０．２０％以下とする。 N is an effective element that increases the γ phase as well as improving strength and corrosion resistance, so the N content is 0.15% or more. On the other hand, N excessively increases the γ-phase generation capability and promotes nitride generation, so the N content is 0.20% or less.
本発明の一実施形態に係る荷重検出装置１００の基材１０を構成する二相ステンレス鋼は、上記元素のほか、Ｓｉ，Ｐ，Ｓなど鋼材に不可避的に含まれる元素や、Ｖ，Ｃａ，Ｗなどの金属元素を追加的に含有していてもよい。本発明の一実施形態に係る荷重検出装置１００の基材１０を構成する二相ステンレス鋼の残部は、Ｆｅおよび不可避的不純物からなる。 The duplex stainless steel constituting the base material 10 of the load detection device 100 according to an embodiment of the present invention includes elements inevitably contained in steel materials such as Si, P, S, V, Ca, A metal element such as W may be additionally contained. The balance of the duplex stainless steel constituting the base material 10 of the load detection device 100 according to the embodiment of the present invention is composed of Fe and inevitable impurities.
本発明の一実施形態に係る荷重検出装置１００の基材１０は、引張強度が６５０ＭＰａ以上かつ破断伸びが２５％以上である。破断伸びが２５％以上であることにより、弾性域を超えるような高い荷重が基材１０に付与されても、基材１０の塑性変形でとどまり破断に至りにくい。したがって、かかる基材１０を備える本発明の一実施形態に係る荷重検出装置１００は、適切な耐荷重性能を有する。荷重検出装置１００が適切な耐荷重性能を有することをより安定的に実現する観点から、基材１０の引張強度は、７００ＭＰａ以上であることが好ましい。本発明の一実施形態に係る荷重検出装置１００の基材１０の引張強度の上限は、荷重検出装置１００に適切な耐荷重性能を有させる観点からは設定されない。荷重検出装置１００が適切な耐荷重性能を有することをより安定的に実現する観点から、基材１０の破断伸びは、３０％以上であることが好ましく、３５％以上であることがより好ましく、４０％以上であることが特に好ましい。本発明の一実施形態に係る荷重検出装置１００の基材１０の破断伸びの上限は、荷重検出装置１００に適切な耐荷重性能を有させる観点からは設定されない。 The base material 10 of the load detection apparatus 100 according to an embodiment of the present invention has a tensile strength of 650 MPa or more and an elongation at break of 25% or more. When the elongation at break is 25% or more, even if a high load exceeding the elastic range is applied to the base material 10, it remains due to plastic deformation of the base material 10 and hardly breaks. Therefore, the load detection apparatus 100 according to an embodiment of the present invention including the base material 10 has appropriate load resistance performance. From the viewpoint of more stably realizing that the load detection device 100 has appropriate load bearing performance, the tensile strength of the base material 10 is preferably 700 MPa or more. The upper limit of the tensile strength of the base material 10 of the load detection device 100 according to the embodiment of the present invention is not set from the viewpoint of causing the load detection device 100 to have appropriate load resistance performance. From the viewpoint of more stably realizing that the load detection device 100 has an appropriate load bearing performance, the elongation at break of the base material 10 is preferably 30% or more, more preferably 35% or more, It is especially preferable that it is 40% or more. The upper limit of the elongation at break of the base material 10 of the load detection device 100 according to one embodiment of the present invention is not set from the viewpoint of causing the load detection device 100 to have appropriate load bearing performance.
本発明の一実施形態に係る荷重検出装置１００の基材１０は、０．２％耐力が４５０ＭＰａ以上であることが好ましい。基材１０の０．２％耐力が４５０ＭＰａ以上である場合には、再現性良く歪を発生させることができ、基材１０が優れた荷重検出性能を安定的に有することができる。基材１０が優れた荷重検出性能を有することをより安定的に実現する観点から、基材１０の０．２％耐力は、４８０ＭＰａ以上であることが好ましい。本発明の一実施形態に係る荷重検出装置１００の基材１０の０．２％耐力の上限は、荷重検出装置１００が優れた荷重検出性能を有する観点からは設定されない。 The base material 10 of the load detection apparatus 100 according to an embodiment of the present invention preferably has a 0.2% proof stress of 450 MPa or more. When the 0.2% proof stress of the base material 10 is 450 MPa or more, distortion can be generated with good reproducibility, and the base material 10 can stably have excellent load detection performance. From the viewpoint of more stably realizing that the base material 10 has excellent load detection performance, the 0.2% proof stress of the base material 10 is preferably 480 MPa or more. The upper limit of the 0.2% proof stress of the base material 10 of the load detection device 100 according to the embodiment of the present invention is not set from the viewpoint of the load detection device 100 having excellent load detection performance.
本発明の一実施形態に係る荷重検出装置１００の基材１０は、絶縁層２１ａ，２１ｂを形成するための焼成によって、熱処理品となる。二相ステンレス鋼は、熱処理を受けると、炭窒化物、σ相等の金属間化合物などの析出相が生じる場合がある。こうした析出相は一般的に硬質であるため、二相ステンレス鋼の熱処理品は、非熱処理品に比べて、耐衝撃性等の機械特性が低下する傾向を示すことがある。しかしながら、本発明の一実施形態に係る荷重検出装置１００の基材１０を構成する二相ステンレス鋼は前述のような組成を有するため、熱処理品であっても機械特性の低下が生じにくく、特に、上記のように、優れた破断伸びを有することができる。 The base material 10 of the load detection device 100 according to an embodiment of the present invention becomes a heat-treated product by firing for forming the insulating layers 21a and 21b. When duplex stainless steel is subjected to heat treatment, precipitation phases such as carbonitrides and intermetallic compounds such as σ phase may occur. Since such a precipitated phase is generally hard, heat-treated products of duplex stainless steel may tend to have lower mechanical properties such as impact resistance than non-heat-treated products. However, since the duplex stainless steel constituting the base material 10 of the load detection device 100 according to one embodiment of the present invention has the above-described composition, even if it is a heat-treated product, it is difficult for mechanical properties to deteriorate. As described above, it can have excellent elongation at break.
本発明の一実施形態に係る荷重検出装置１００の基材１０は、図１に示されるように、車体取付部１１ａ，１１ｂ、弾性変形部１２ａ，１２ｂ、座席取付部１３、および突出部１４を備える。 As shown in FIG. 1, the base material 10 of the load detection device 100 according to the embodiment of the present invention includes vehicle body attachment portions 11 a and 11 b, elastic deformation portions 12 a and 12 b, a seat attachment portion 13, and a protrusion 14. Prepare.
車体取付部１１ａ，１１ｂは、それぞれ、平面視で基材１０のＸ１−Ｘ２方向端部（車体取付部１１ａはＸ１−Ｘ２方向Ｘ１側端部、車体取付部１１ｂはＸ１−Ｘ２方向Ｘ２側端部）に位置する部分である。図１に示される荷重検出装置１００の基材１０における車体取付部１１ａ，１１ｂには、Ｘ１−Ｘ２方向およびＹ１−Ｙ２方向を面内方向とする面に開口部を有する貫通孔が設けられている。図２に示されるように、荷重検出装置１００の使用状態では、車体取付部１１ａ，１１ｂのそれぞれの両面にワッシャ５０，６０が固着されて、荷重検出装置１００はこれらの貫通孔を用いて車体と取り付け可能とされる。 The vehicle body mounting portions 11a and 11b are respectively X1-X2 direction end portions of the base material 10 in plan view (the vehicle body mounting portion 11a is the X1-X2 direction X1 side end portion and the vehicle body mounting portion 11b is the X1-X2 direction X2 side end Part). The vehicle body mounting portions 11a and 11b in the base material 10 of the load detection device 100 shown in FIG. 1 are provided with through holes having openings on the surfaces having the X1-X2 direction and the Y1-Y2 direction as in-plane directions. Yes. As shown in FIG. 2, when the load detection device 100 is in use, washers 50 and 60 are fixed to both surfaces of the vehicle body attachment portions 11 a and 11 b, and the load detection device 100 uses these through holes to detect the vehicle body. It can be attached.
弾性変形部１２ａ，１２ｂは、それぞれ、車体取付部１１ａまたは車体取付部１１ｂから、平面視で中央寄り（車体取付部１１ａについてはＸ１−Ｘ２方向Ｘ２側、車体取付部１１ｂについてはＸ１−Ｘ２方向Ｘ１側）に連設される部分である。図１に示される基材１０では、弾性変形部１２ａ，１２ｂは基材１０の底面（図２におけるＺ１−Ｚ２方向Ｚ２側面）側に検出部２０が設けられている。 The elastic deformation portions 12a and 12b are respectively closer to the center in plan view from the vehicle body attachment portion 11a or the vehicle body attachment portion 11b (the X1-X2 direction X2 side for the vehicle body attachment portion 11a, and the X1-X2 direction for the vehicle body attachment portion 11b. X1 side). In the base material 10 shown in FIG. 1, the elastic deformation portions 12 a and 12 b are provided with a detection portion 20 on the bottom surface (Z1-Z2 direction Z2 side surface in FIG. 2) side of the base material 10.
座席取付部１３は、弾性変形部１２ａ，１２ｂから、中央寄り（弾性変形部１２ａについてはＸ１−Ｘ２方向Ｘ２側、弾性変形部１２ｂについてはＸ１−Ｘ２方向Ｘ１側）に連接される部分であって、図１に示される基材１０では、平面視でＸ１−Ｘ２方向の中央部に位置する。したがって、図１に示される基材１０において、弾性変形部１２ａ，１２ｂは、それぞれ、２つの車体取付部１１ａ，１１ｂと座席取付部１３との間に位置する。図１に示される荷重検出装置１００の基材１０における座席取付部１３には、Ｘ１−Ｘ２方向およびＹ１−Ｙ２方向を面内方向とする面に開口部を有する貫通孔が設けられている。図２に示されるように、荷重検出装置１００の使用状態では、この貫通孔を挿通するボルト３０がナット４０により固定されて、荷重検出装置１００はこのボルト３０を用いて座席と取り付け可能とされる。 The seat mounting portion 13 is a portion connected from the elastic deformation portions 12a and 12b toward the center (X1-X2 direction X2 side for the elastic deformation portion 12a and X1-X2 direction X1 side for the elastic deformation portion 12b). 1 is located at the center in the X1-X2 direction in plan view. Therefore, in the base material 10 shown in FIG. 1, the elastic deformation portions 12 a and 12 b are located between the two vehicle body attachment portions 11 a and 11 b and the seat attachment portion 13, respectively. The seat mounting portion 13 in the base material 10 of the load detection device 100 shown in FIG. 1 is provided with a through hole having an opening on the surface having the X1-X2 direction and the Y1-Y2 direction as in-plane directions. As shown in FIG. 2, when the load detection device 100 is in use, the bolt 30 inserted through the through hole is fixed by the nut 40, and the load detection device 100 can be attached to the seat using the bolt 30. The
本発明の一実施形態に係る荷重検出装置１００の検出部２０は、基材１０の変形に対応する電気信号を出力することができる。検出部２０は、基材１０上に形成された焼成体からなる絶縁層２１ａ，２１ｂおよび絶縁層２１ａ，２１ｂ上に形成された歪センサ回路２２ａ，２２ｂを備える。図１に示される荷重検出装置１００は、平面視で絶縁層２１ａ，２１ｂが露出している部分を有しているが、これに限定されない。絶縁層２１ａ，２１ｂは基材１０上で検出部２０の歪センサ回路２２ａ，２２ｂが位置する部分に介在して、歪センサ回路２２ａ，２２ｂを備える検出部２０を基材１０に対して適切に固定していればよく、平面視では絶縁層２１ａ，２１ｂを視認できなくてもよい。また、絶縁層２１ａ，２１ｂは座席取付部１３側に延在して一体であってもよい。 The detection unit 20 of the load detection device 100 according to the embodiment of the present invention can output an electrical signal corresponding to the deformation of the base material 10. The detection unit 20 includes insulating layers 21a and 21b made of a fired body formed on the substrate 10 and strain sensor circuits 22a and 22b formed on the insulating layers 21a and 21b. The load detection device 100 shown in FIG. 1 has portions where the insulating layers 21a and 21b are exposed in a plan view, but is not limited to this. The insulating layers 21a and 21b are interposed on the base material 10 at the portions where the strain sensor circuits 22a and 22b of the detection unit 20 are located, so that the detection unit 20 including the strain sensor circuits 22a and 22b is appropriately attached to the base material 10. The insulating layers 21a and 21b may not be visible in plan view as long as they are fixed. Further, the insulating layers 21a and 21b may extend integrally to the seat mounting portion 13 side.
本発明において、絶縁層２１ａ，２１ｂを構成する材料は、機械的強度に優れる、あるいは繰り返し特性に優れる観点から、ガラス、セラミックスなどの無機系材料を１種類以上含有する。絶縁層２１ａ，２１ｂが無機系材料からなる場合には、絶縁層２１ａ，２１ｂは焼成体であり、この場合には、歪センサ回路２２ａ，２２ｂは焼成体からなる絶縁層２１を介して基材上１０に形成されているため、歪センサ回路２２ａ，２２ｂ内の歪検出素子２３ａ１，２３ａ２，２３ｂ１，２３ｂ２が、基材１０に生じた歪を高精度で検出することが可能である。絶縁層２１ａ，２１ｂの焼成体を形成する際の焼成温度は８００℃以上とする。前述のように、本発明の一実施形態に係る基材１０を構成する二相ステンレス鋼は、焼成温度を８００℃以上とすることにより、熱処理品であっても機械特性、特に破断伸びの低下を抑制することができる。限定されない例として、絶縁層２１ａ，２１ｂを形成するための焼成温度を、８００℃以上９００℃以下とすることが好ましい場合が挙げられ、８２０℃以上８５０℃以下とすることが好ましい場合が挙げられる。 In the present invention, the material constituting the insulating layers 21a and 21b contains one or more inorganic materials such as glass and ceramics from the viewpoint of excellent mechanical strength or excellent repeatability. When the insulating layers 21a and 21b are made of an inorganic material, the insulating layers 21a and 21b are fired bodies. In this case, the strain sensor circuits 22a and 22b are formed of a base material via the insulating layer 21 made of the fired body. Since the top 10 is formed, the strain detection elements 23a1, 23a2, 23b1, 23b2 in the strain sensor circuits 22a, 22b can detect the strain generated in the substrate 10 with high accuracy. The firing temperature for forming the fired bodies of the insulating layers 21a and 21b is 800 ° C. or higher. As described above, the duplex stainless steel constituting the base material 10 according to an embodiment of the present invention has a reduction in mechanical characteristics, particularly elongation at break, even if it is a heat-treated product by setting the firing temperature to 800 ° C. or higher. Can be suppressed. A non-limiting example includes a case where the firing temperature for forming the insulating layers 21a and 21b is preferably 800 ° C. or higher and 900 ° C. or lower, and a case where 820 ° C. or higher and 850 ° C. or lower is preferable. .
図１に示される荷重検出装置１００では、基材１０における弾性変形部１２ａ，１２ｂのそれぞれに、歪センサ回路２２ａ，２２ｂが設けられている。前述のように、図１に示される荷重検出装置１００では弾性変形部１２ａ，１２ｂは車体取付部１１ａ，１１ｂと座席取付部１３との間に位置するため、車体に対する座席の相対位置が変動した場合に、その変動は弾性変形部１２ａ，１２ｂの変形として表れやすい。したがって、弾性変形部１２ａ，１２ｂを車体取付部１１ａ，１１ｂと座席取付部１３との間に配置することによって、車体に対する座席の相対位置の変動を、歪センサ回路２２ａ，２２ｂにより効率的に検出することができる。 In the load detection device 100 shown in FIG. 1, strain sensor circuits 22 a and 22 b are provided in the elastic deformation portions 12 a and 12 b of the base material 10, respectively. As described above, in the load detection device 100 shown in FIG. 1, the elastically deforming portions 12a and 12b are located between the vehicle body mounting portions 11a and 11b and the seat mounting portion 13, so that the relative position of the seat to the vehicle body fluctuated. In such a case, the fluctuation tends to appear as deformation of the elastic deformation portions 12a and 12b. Therefore, by disposing the elastically deforming portions 12a and 12b between the vehicle body mounting portions 11a and 11b and the seat mounting portion 13, fluctuations in the relative position of the seat with respect to the vehicle body are efficiently detected by the strain sensor circuits 22a and 22b. can do.
図１に示される荷重検出装置１００では、歪センサ回路２２ａ，２２ｂのそれぞれは、２つの歪検出素子を備える。具体的には、歪センサ回路２２ａは歪検出素子２３ａ１，２３ａ２を備え、歪センサ回路２２ｂは歪検出素子２３ｂ１，２３ｂ２を備える。これらの２つの歪センサ回路の配置は、Ｘ１−Ｘ２方向に沿って並ぶように配置される。このように配置することにより、４つの歪検出素子を用いたブリッジ回路を構成することができ、検出感度や検出性能（線形性）を高めることが可能となる。 In the load detection apparatus 100 shown in FIG. 1, each of the strain sensor circuits 22a and 22b includes two strain detection elements. Specifically, the strain sensor circuit 22a includes strain detection elements 23a1 and 23a2, and the strain sensor circuit 22b includes strain detection elements 23b1 and 23b2. These two strain sensor circuits are arranged so as to be aligned along the X1-X2 direction. By arranging in this way, a bridge circuit using four strain detection elements can be configured, and detection sensitivity and detection performance (linearity) can be improved.
図１に示される荷重検出装置１００の基材１０は、Ｘ１−Ｘ２方向中央部においてＹ１−Ｙ２方向Ｙ１向きに突出する突出部１４を備える。この突出部１４上には、歪センサ回路２２ａ，２２ｂからの電気信号を処理するための信号処理装置２４が設けられている。歪センサ回路２２ａ，２２ｂは、車体に対する座席の相対位置の変動により生じた基材１０の変形の程度に対応する電気信号を出力し、信号処理装置２４は、この歪センサ回路２２ａ，２２ｂからの電気信号を入力として、基材１０の変形に基づく電気信号を、検出部２０の出力信号として出力する。信号処理装置２４から出力される電気信号として、座席の搭乗者の重量に関する電気信号、搭乗者の重量に応じて他の装置が動作するか否かを決定するための制御信号などが例示される。信号処理装置２４から出力される電気信号を外部に伝達するためのコネクタが突出部１４に取り付けられていてもよい。 The base material 10 of the load detection device 100 illustrated in FIG. 1 includes a protruding portion 14 that protrudes in the Y1-Y2 direction Y1 at the center portion in the X1-X2 direction. A signal processing device 24 for processing electrical signals from the strain sensor circuits 22a and 22b is provided on the protruding portion 14. The strain sensor circuits 22a and 22b output an electrical signal corresponding to the degree of deformation of the base material 10 caused by the change in the relative position of the seat with respect to the vehicle body, and the signal processing device 24 outputs from the strain sensor circuits 22a and 22b. An electric signal is input, and an electric signal based on deformation of the substrate 10 is output as an output signal of the detection unit 20. Examples of the electrical signal output from the signal processing device 24 include an electrical signal related to the weight of the occupant of the seat, a control signal for determining whether another device operates according to the weight of the occupant, and the like. . A connector for transmitting an electrical signal output from the signal processing device 24 to the outside may be attached to the protruding portion 14.
なお、図１に示される荷重検出装置１００では、基材１０の底面（Ｚ１−Ｚ２方向Ｚ２側面）上、すなわち、図２に示されるように、使用状態においてボルト３０のねじ部が突出する側（Ｚ１−Ｚ２方向Ｚ２側）と反対側（Ｚ１−Ｚ２方向Ｚ１側）の面上に検出部２０が設けられているが、これに限定されない。基材１０の平面（Ｚ１−Ｚ２方向Ｚ１側面）上に検出部２０が設けられていてもよい。 In addition, in the load detection apparatus 100 shown in FIG. 1, on the bottom surface (Z1-Z2 direction Z2 side surface) of the base material 10, that is, as shown in FIG. Although the detection part 20 is provided on the surface on the opposite side (Z1-Z2 direction Z1 side) (Z1-Z2 direction Z2 side), it is not limited to this. The detection unit 20 may be provided on the plane (Z1-Z2 direction Z1 side surface) of the base material 10.
以上説明した実施形態は、本発明の理解を容易にするために記載されたものであって、本発明を限定するために記載されたものではない。したがって、上記実施形態に開示された各要素は、本発明の技術的範囲に属する全ての設計変更や均等物をも含む趣旨である。 The embodiment described above is described for facilitating understanding of the present invention, and is not described for limiting the present invention. Therefore, each element disclosed in the above embodiment is intended to include all design changes and equivalents belonging to the technical scope of the present invention.
以下、以下に実施例によって本発明をより具体的に説明するが、本発明はこれらに限定されるものではない。 EXAMPLES Hereinafter, although an Example demonstrates this invention more concretely below, this invention is not limited to these.
（実施例）
次の組成（残部はＦｅおよび不可避的不純物）を有する二相ステンレスの鋳片を溶製し、熱間圧延を行い板厚５．０ｍｍの熱延鋼板とした。この熱延鋼板を１０５０℃で溶体化熱処理・酸洗した後、冷間圧延で３ｍｍ厚として１０５０℃の溶体化熱処理・酸洗を実施したものである。
Ｃ：０．０２０質量％
Ｍｎ：３．１９質量％
Ｃｒ：２０．９３質量％
Ｎｉ：２．２１質量％
Ｍｏ：０．２８質量％
Ｃｕ：１．０５質量％
Ｎ：０．１６質量％
Ｓｉ：０．２９質量％
Ｓ：０．００１質量％
Ｐ：０．０２４質量％(Example)
A duplex stainless steel slab having the following composition (the balance being Fe and inevitable impurities) was melted and hot-rolled to obtain a hot-rolled steel sheet having a thickness of 5.0 mm. This hot-rolled steel sheet is subjected to solution heat treatment / pickling at 1050 ° C., and then subjected to solution heat treatment / pickling at 1050 ° C. to a thickness of 3 mm by cold rolling.
C: 0.020 mass%
Mn: 3.19% by mass
Cr: 20.93 mass%
Ni: 2.21% by mass
Mo: 0.28 mass%
Cu: 1.05 mass%
N: 0.16% by mass
Si: 0.29 mass%
S: 0.001 mass%
P: 0.024 mass%
得られた熱間圧延鋼板から、ＪＩＳ Ｚ２２４１：２０１１に規定される１３Ｂ号試験片およびＪＩＳ Ｚ２２７５：１９７８に規定される１号試験片を作製し、熱処理前試験片として得た。得られた熱処理前試験片に対して次の条件で熱処理を行い、熱処理後試験片を得た。
昇温速度：４０℃／分
保持温度：８５０℃
保持時間：５０分間
冷却速度：４０℃／分From the obtained hot-rolled steel sheet, No. 13B test piece specified in JIS Z2241: 2011 and No. 1 test piece specified in JIS Z2275: 1978 were prepared and obtained as pre-heat treatment test pieces. The obtained pre-heat treatment test piece was heat-treated under the following conditions to obtain a post-heat treatment test piece.
Temperature increase rate: 40 ° C / min Holding temperature: 850 ° C
Holding time: 50 minutes Cooling rate: 40 ° C / minute
熱処理前試験片および熱処理後試験片について、ＪＩＳ Ｚ２２４１：２０１１、ＪＩＳ Ｚ２２７５：１９７８などに準拠して、表１に示される機械特性を測定した。測定結果を表１に示す。なお、本明細書において、平面曲げ疲労強度とは、１０７回平面曲げを行った後の強度をいう。 The mechanical properties shown in Table 1 were measured for the pre-heat treatment specimen and the post-heat treatment specimen in accordance with JIS Z2241: 2011, JIS Z2275: 1978, and the like. The measurement results are shown in Table 1. In the present specification, the plane bending fatigue strength refers to the strength after 107 times of plane bending.
（比較例）
二相ステンレス鋼材（ＳＵＳ３２９Ｊ４Ｌ（２５Ｃｒ−６Ｎｉ−３Ｍｏ−Ｎ−ＬＣ））から、ＪＩＳ Ｚ２２４１：２０１１に規定される１３Ｂ号試験片およびＪＩＳ Ｚ２２７５：１９７８に規定される１号試験片を作製し、熱処理前試験片として得た。得られた熱処理前試験片に対して実施例と同じ条件で熱処理を行い、熱処理後試験片を得た。
熱処理前試験片および熱処理後試験片について、ＪＩＳ Ｚ２２４１：２０１１、ＪＩＳ Ｚ２２７５：１９７８などに準拠して、表１に示される機械特性を測定した。測定結果を表１に示す。(Comparative example)
From a duplex stainless steel material (SUS329J4L (25Cr-6Ni-3Mo-N-LC)), No. 13B test piece specified in JIS Z2241: 2011 and No. 1 test piece specified in JIS Z2275: 1978 were prepared, and heat treatment was performed. Obtained as a pre-test piece. The obtained pre-heat treatment test piece was heat-treated under the same conditions as in the example, and a post-heat treatment test piece was obtained.
The mechanical properties shown in Table 1 were measured for the pre-heat treatment specimen and the post-heat treatment specimen in accordance with JIS Z2241: 2011, JIS Z2275: 1978, and the like. The measurement results are shown in Table 1.
本発明に係る荷重検出装置は、自動車のエアバックを作動させるか否かを判断するための信号を出力する着座検出装置に好適に使用されうる。 The load detection device according to the present invention can be suitably used for a seating detection device that outputs a signal for determining whether or not to operate an air bag of an automobile.
１００…荷重検出装置
１０…基材
１１ａ，１１ｂ…車体取付部
１２ａ，１２ｂ…弾性変形部
１３…座席取付部
１４…突出部
２０…検出部
２１ａ，２１ｂ…絶縁層
２２ａ，２２ｂ…歪センサ回路
２３ａ１，２３ａ２，２３ｂ１，２３ｂ２…歪検出素子
２４…信号処理装置
３０…ボルト
４０…ナット
５０，６０…ワッシャDESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 100 ... Load detection apparatus 10 ... Base material 11a, 11b ... Vehicle body attachment part 12a, 12b ... Elastic deformation part 13 ... Seat attachment part 14 ... Projection part 20 ... Detection part 21a, 21b ... Insulating layer 22a, 22b ... Strain sensor circuit 23a1 , 23a2, 23b1, 23b2 ... strain detection element 24 ... signal processing device 30 ... bolt 40 ... nut 50, 60 ... washer
Claims (4)
前記基材は、Ｃを０．０３０質量％以下、Ｍｎを２．０質量％以上４．０質量％以下、Ｃｒを２０．５質量％以上２１．５質量％以下、Ｎｉを１．５質量％以上２．５質量％以下、Ｍｏを０．６質量％以下、Ｃｕを０．５質量％以上１．５質量％以下、およびＮを０．１５質量％以上０．２０質量％含む二相ステンレス鋼からなり、
前記検出部は、８００℃以上の温度で焼成することにより前記基材上に設けられた絶縁層および当該絶縁層上に形成された歪センサ回路を備えること
を特徴とする荷重検出装置。A load detection apparatus comprising: a base material having a tensile strength of 650 MPa or more and a breaking elongation of 25% or more; and a detection unit that outputs an electrical signal based on deformation of the base material,
In the base material, C is 0.030% by mass or less, Mn is 2.0% by mass or more and 4.0% by mass or less, Cr is 20.5% by mass or more and 21.5% by mass or less, and Ni is 1.5% by mass. %, 2.5% by mass or less, Mo by 0.6% by mass or less, Cu by 0.5% by mass or more and 1.5% by mass or less, and N by 0.15% by mass or more and 0.20% by mass Made of stainless steel,
The detection unit includes an insulating layer provided on the base material by firing at a temperature of 800 ° C. or higher and a strain sensor circuit formed on the insulating layer.
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Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US20020166385A1 (en) * | 2001-05-08 | 2002-11-14 | Terry Bloom | Strain sensor incorporating a steel substrate |
| JP2003114153A (en) * | 2001-10-04 | 2003-04-18 | Alps Electric Co Ltd | Strain sensor and its manufacturing method |
| JP2009128153A (en) * | 2007-11-22 | 2009-06-11 | Aisin Seiki Co Ltd | Load detection sensor for vehicle seat |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US20020166385A1 (en) * | 2001-05-08 | 2002-11-14 | Terry Bloom | Strain sensor incorporating a steel substrate |
| JP2003114153A (en) * | 2001-10-04 | 2003-04-18 | Alps Electric Co Ltd | Strain sensor and its manufacturing method |
| JP2009128153A (en) * | 2007-11-22 | 2009-06-11 | Aisin Seiki Co Ltd | Load detection sensor for vehicle seat |
Non-Patent Citations (2)
| Title |
|---|
| STAINLESS STEEL PLATES & SHEETS, JPN6016026263, June 2013 (2013-06-01), JP, pages p. 10-11 * |
| ステンレス冷延鋼板, JPN6016026261, September 2014 (2014-09-01), JP, pages p. 4-5 * |
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