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- JPWO2015006290A5 JPWO2015006290A5 JP2016525411A JP2016525411A JPWO2015006290A5 JP WO2015006290 A5 JPWO2015006290 A5 JP WO2015006290A5 JP 2016525411 A JP2016525411 A JP 2016525411A JP 2016525411 A JP2016525411 A JP 2016525411A JP WO2015006290 A5 JPWO2015006290 A5 JP WO2015006290A5
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- 229920003013 deoxyribonucleic acid Polymers 0.000 claims description 24
- 108010082319 CRISPR-Associated Protein 9 Proteins 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000003776 cleavage reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- 150000007523 nucleic acids Chemical group 0.000 claims description 11
- 229920002391 Guide RNA Polymers 0.000 claims description 10
- 108020005004 Guide RNA Proteins 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000002744 homologous recombination Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 240000004808 Saccharomyces cerevisiae Species 0.000 claims description 4
- 229920001272 Exogenous DNA Polymers 0.000 claims description 2
- 229920001850 Nucleic acid sequence Polymers 0.000 claims 7
- 210000004027 cells Anatomy 0.000 claims 7
- 229920000460 Mitochondrial DNA Polymers 0.000 claims 1
- 108020005196 Mitochondrial DNA Proteins 0.000 claims 1
- 108020005202 Viral DNA Proteins 0.000 claims 1
- 210000004102 animal cell Anatomy 0.000 claims 1
- 230000000295 complement Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 210000003527 eukaryotic cell Anatomy 0.000 claims 1
- 230000004927 fusion Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 229920000033 CRISPR Polymers 0.000 description 9
- ISAKRJDGNUQOIC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Uracil Chemical compound O=C1C=CNC(=O)N1 ISAKRJDGNUQOIC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 5
- 108020004707 nucleic acids Proteins 0.000 description 4
- XIXADJRWDQXREU-UHFFFAOYSA-M Lithium acetate Chemical compound [Li+].CC([O-])=O XIXADJRWDQXREU-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 3
- 229940071257 Lithium acetate Drugs 0.000 description 3
- 235000014680 Saccharomyces cerevisiae Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 229940035893 Uracil Drugs 0.000 description 3
- 238000005215 recombination Methods 0.000 description 3
- 229920000160 (ribonucleotides)n+m Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 241001077996 Foa Species 0.000 description 2
- 230000027086 plasmid maintenance Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000001131 transforming Effects 0.000 description 2
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000010354 CRISPR gene editing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010356 CRISPR-Cas9 genome editing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 108010042407 Endonucleases Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 102000004533 Endonucleases Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 210000000987 Immune System Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 229920000272 Oligonucleotide Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920002562 Polyethylene Glycol 3350 Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229940047431 Recombinate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 235000003534 Saccharomyces carlsbergensis Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229940081969 Saccharomyces cerevisiae Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 241000193996 Streptococcus pyogenes Species 0.000 description 1
- 229940076156 Streptococcus pyogenes Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 238000004113 cell culture Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000010261 cell growth Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001419 dependent Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007429 general method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003550 marker Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003287 optical Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010187 selection method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000006228 supernatant Substances 0.000 description 1
Description
ある態様によれば、上記繰り返し方法により相同組換え率を上昇させる方法が提供される。ある実施形態によれば、Cas9依存性ゲノムDNA切断により、相同組換え率が劇的に上昇して外来性DNAが刺激される。別の態様によれば、外来性ドナー核酸には、切断部位の両側に隣接(flank)する相同配列またはアームが含まれる。別の態様によれば、外来性ドナー核酸には、切断配列を除去するための配列が含まれる。別の態様によれば、外来性ドナー核酸には、切断部位の両側に隣接(flank)する相同配列またはアーム、および切断部位を除去するための配列が含まれる。このようにして、外来性ドナーDNAを取り込まない細胞に対する負の選択(negative selection)としてCas9を用いることができる。したがって、組換え頻度が高い細胞を同定するための負の選択方法が提供される。 According to one embodiment, a method for increasing the homologous recombination rate is provided by the above-mentioned repeating method. According to one embodiment, Cas9-dependent genomic DNA cleavage dramatically increases the rate of homologous recombination and stimulates exogenous DNA. According to another aspect, the exogenous donor nucleic acid comprises a homologous sequence or arm flanked on either side of the cleavage site. According to another aspect, the exogenous donor nucleic acid comprises a sequence for removing the cleavage sequence. According to another aspect, the exogenous donor nucleic acid comprises a homologous sequence or arm flanked on either side of the cleavage site and a sequence for removing the cleavage site. In this way, Cas9 can be used as a negative selection for cells that do not take up foreign donor DNA. Therefore, a negative selection method for identifying cells with high recombination frequency is provided.
実施例I
酵母におけるCRISPR-Cas9を用いた多重遺伝子編集の一般的プロセス
ストレプトコッカス・ピオゲネス(Streptococcus pyogenes)のCRISPR免疫系由来のCas9を用いて、相同組換えを促進し、サッカロミセス・セレビシエ(Saccharomyces cerevisiae)において形質転換DNAを組み換えない細胞以外を選択する。Cas9を用いたRNA誘導型DNA切断の一般的な方法を図1に示す。Cas9、ガイドRNA、および標的DNAの間で共局在複合体が形成される。Cas9により標的DNA中に二本鎖切断が生じる。次に、相同組換えによりドナーDNAがDNAに挿入される。ドナーDNAには、切断部位の両側に隣接配列、およびCas9切断部位を除去する配列が含まれる。その結果、ドナーDNAが、ゲノムDNAであってもよいDNA中に組み込まれる。
Example I
General Process of Multiple Gene Editing with CRISPR-Cas9 in Yeast Using Cas9 from the CRISPR immune system of Streptococcus pyogenes to promote homologous recombination and transformation in Saccharomyces cerevisiae Select cells other than cells that do not recombinate DNA. A general method of RNA-induced DNA cleavage using Cas9 is shown in FIG. A colocalization complex is formed between Cas9, guide RNA, and target DNA. Cas9 causes double-strand breaks in the target DNA. Next, the donor DNA is inserted into the DNA by homologous recombination. Donor DNA contains sequences flanking both sides of the cleavage site and sequences that remove the Cas9 cleavage site. As a result, the donor DNA is integrated into the DNA, which may be genomic DNA.
図2に示されるように、選択マーカーを用いて1種類または複数種類のガイドRNAについて細胞を選択する。選択された細胞は、1種類または複数種類のガイドRNAを発現する。ガイドRNAと、RNA誘導型エンドヌクレアーゼCas9と、DNAとの1種類または複数種類の共局在複合体が細胞中で形成される。エンドヌクレアーゼによりDNAが切断され、ドナー核酸が相同組換えなどの組換えによって細胞に挿入される。次に、細胞のプラスミドを除去(cure)した後、細胞について必要に応じて上記ステップを1回またはさらに繰り返す。複数のサイクルを行ってもよい。複数のサイクルを経た細胞は、高い組換え頻度を示す。または、細胞をプラスミドの維持について非選択(deselect)とするか、あるいはプラスミドを有する細胞以外を選択するための培地中に細胞を入れる。その後、細胞成長ステップで始まるプロセスを繰り返す。したがって、方法は、前のサイクルで既に改変された細胞を繰り返すか、または前のサイクルから改変されなかった細胞を選択し、この非改変細胞をさらに繰り返して本明細書に記載されるDNAの改変を行うことを含む。 As shown in FIG. 2, cells are selected for one or more guide RNAs using selectable markers. Selected cells express one or more guide RNAs. One or more colocalization complexes of guide RNA, RNA-induced endonuclease Cas9, and DNA are formed in cells. DNA is cleaved by endonucleases and donor nucleic acids are inserted into cells by recombination such as homologous recombination. The cell plasmid is then cured and then the above steps are repeated once or further for the cells as needed. Multiple cycles may be performed. Cells that have undergone multiple cycles show a high recombination frequency. Alternatively , the cells are deselected for plasmid maintenance , or the cells are placed in a medium for selection other than those carrying the plasmid. After that, the process starting with the cell growth step is repeated. Thus, the method repeats cells that have already been modified in the previous cycle, or selects cells that have not been modified from the previous cycle and repeats these unmodified cells further to modify the DNA described herein. Including doing.
実施例II
詳細な繰り返しプロトコール
(ウラシル栄養要求株、構成的Cas9発現)細胞を、5mlのSC酵母培地またはSC+FOA(100μg/ml)中で、光学密度0.8~1.0まで成長させる。細胞を2250×gで3分間スピンし、10mlの水で1回洗浄する。細胞をスピンし、1mlの100mM酢酸リチウムに再懸濁する。細胞をペレット化し、500μlの100mM酢酸リチウムに再懸濁する。50μlの細胞;1nmolの二本鎖オリゴヌクレオチドプール、各5μgのガイドRNA(ウラシルマーカーを有するp426ベクター)を含み、70μlまで水を加えて所望の最終体積にしたDNA混合物;240μlの50%PEG3350;および36μlの1M酢酸リチウムをこの順番で添加することにより、形質転換混合物を調製する。混合物を30℃で30分間インキュベートする。次に、混合物をボルテックスし、混合物を42℃で20分間インキュベートすることにより細胞に熱ショックを与える。次に、細胞をペレット化し、上清を除去する。細胞を5mlのSC-ウラシルに播種して、ウラシル遺伝子を含むgRNAプラスミドを選択する。細胞を2日間回復させる。2日後、100μlの細胞培養物を5mlの新たに調製したSCに播種し、12時間成長させてプラスミド維持について非選択とする。次に、100μlのSC培養細胞を5mlのSC+FOA(100μg/mL)培地に播種して、プラスミドを有する細胞以外を選択する。これにより、プロセスの1サイクルが完了する。このプロセスを、所望のサイクル回数分、反復する。プロセス全体は、1サイクル、2サイクル、3サイクル、4サイクル、5サイクル、6サイクル、7サイクル、8サイクル、9サイクル、10サイクル、15サイクル、20サイクル、25サイクルなどを含んでいてもよい。
Example II
Detailed repeat protocol (uracil auxotrophy, constitutive Cas9 expression) cells are grown to an optical density of 0.8-1.0 in 5 ml SC yeast medium or SC + FOA (100 μg / ml). The cells are spun at 2250 xg for 3 minutes and washed once with 10 ml of water. The cells are spun and resuspended in 1 ml of 100 mM lithium acetate. Cells are pelleted and resuspended in 500 μl 100 mM lithium acetate. 50 μl of cells; 1 nmol double-stranded oligonucleotide pool, each containing 5 μg of guide RNA (p426 vector with uracil marker), water to 70 μl to the desired final volume DNA mixture; 240 μl of 50% PEG3350; And 36 μl of 1M lithium acetate are added in this order to prepare a transformation mixture. Incubate the mixture at 30 ° C. for 30 minutes. The mixture is then vortexed and the cells are heat shocked by incubating the mixture at 42 ° C. for 20 minutes. The cells are then pelleted and the supernatant removed. Cells are seeded in 5 ml SC-uracil and a gRNA plasmid containing the uracil gene is selected. Allow cells to recover for 2 days. After 2 days, 100 μl of cell culture is seeded in 5 ml of freshly prepared SC and grown for 12 hours to be non-selective for plasmid maintenance. Next, 100 μl of cultured SC cells are seeded in 5 ml of SC + FOA (100 μg / mL) medium to select cells other than those having the plasmid. This completes one cycle of the process. This process is repeated for the desired number of cycles. The entire process may include 1 cycle, 2 cycles, 3 cycles, 4 cycles, 5 cycles, 6 cycles, 7 cycles, 8 cycles, 9 cycles, 10 cycles, 15 cycles, 20 cycles, 25 cycles and the like.
Claims (9)
(a)複数種類のガイドRNAおよび複数種類の外来性ドナー核酸配列を前記細胞に導入すること、ここで、前記複数種類のガイドRNAのそれぞれが前記Cas9酵素と前記DNAの特定の部位で共局在複合体を形成し、
前記Cas9酵素により前記DNAが切断されて切断部位が形成され、該切断部位に前記複数種類の外来性ドナー核酸配列のうちの1つが挿入される、および、
(b)ステップ(a)を複数回繰り返して前記細胞において前記DNAに複数の変化を生じさせることを含み、
前記細胞が真核細胞である、方法。 It is a method of multiple-inserting an exogenous nucleic acid sequence into DNA in a cell expressing Cas9 enzyme that forms a colocalization complex with a guide RNA complementary to the target DNA and cleaves the target DNA in a site-specific manner. ,
(A) Introducing a plurality of types of guide RNAs and a plurality of types of foreign donor nucleic acid sequences into the cells, wherein each of the plurality of types of guide RNAs co-localizes with the Cas9 enzyme at a specific site of the DNA. Form an existing complex,
The DNA is cleaved by the Cas9 enzyme to form a cleavage site, and one of the plurality of foreign donor nucleic acid sequences is inserted into the cleavage site , and
(B) The step (a) is repeated a plurality of times to cause a plurality of changes in the DNA in the cell.
A method in which the cell is a eukaryotic cell.
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US201361844168P | 2013-07-09 | 2013-07-09 | |
US61/844,168 | 2013-07-09 | ||
PCT/US2014/045691 WO2015006290A1 (en) | 2013-07-09 | 2014-07-08 | Multiplex rna-guided genome engineering |
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JPWO2015006290A5 true JPWO2015006290A5 (en) | 2022-02-07 |
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US (2) | US11459585B2 (en) |
EP (2) | EP4166669A1 (en) |
JP (3) | JP7120717B2 (en) |
KR (3) | KR20220025922A (en) |
CN (2) | CN105518144A (en) |
AU (3) | AU2014287393B2 (en) |
CA (2) | CA2917638A1 (en) |
ES (1) | ES2929143T3 (en) |
HK (1) | HK1217967A1 (en) |
IL (2) | IL303973A (en) |
RU (2) | RU2706562C2 (en) |
SG (3) | SG11201600059QA (en) |
WO (1) | WO2015006290A1 (en) |
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