JPWO2014030358A1 - System with dehydration unit - Google Patents

Abstract

Provided is a system having a dehydration unit and a supply unit that supplies an object to be processed to the dehydration unit. The dehydration unit includes a plurality of plates communicated by supply holes to which a flowable processing object is supplied, and the dehydration process is performed in a state where a plurality of filter chambers into which the processing object flows are formed by closing the plurality of plates. And open a plurality of plates to discharge the dehydrated product (dehydrated product). The supply unit includes a pump that sucks the processing object from the plurality of filter chambers before opening the plurality of plates of the dehydration unit. By sucking the processing object from the plurality of filter chambers before opening the plurality of plates, the processing object having a relatively high water content in the supply hole and having fluidity can be sucked and removed from the filter chamber. Therefore, the moisture content of the discharge can be further reduced.

Description

  The present invention relates to a system having a unit for dewatering in a state where a filter chamber is formed by a plurality of plates, and a method using the same.

  In the dehydrating apparatus described in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2001-79311, drainage grooves are provided on the front and back surfaces of the board, respectively, and the board surface is covered with punching metal and a wire mesh, adjacent to each other. Slurry is sent between the dehydration paddles, each dewatering board is compressed with a hydraulic cylinder, and water filtered from the slurry is sucked from the surface of the dewatering board with a vacuum pump. After dehydration, the vacuum valve connected to the vacuum pump is closed, compressed air is blown between the surface of the dewatering board and the cloth, and the dewatered cake adhering to the cloth is peeled off. As a result, the dewatered cake can be automatically peeled from the cloth, the dewatering cake can be automatically peeled off, and the dewatering efficiency of the filter press dewatering machine can be dramatically increased.

  The above apparatus can obtain a compact dehydrated cake by separating water from a slurry containing a large amount of water. If this slurry is a residue discharged during the food production process, the dehydrated cake can be used as livestock feed or as a field fertilizer. Since the volume and weight are greatly reduced, the cost of transportation and the like can be reduced.

  However, it is difficult to dewater a portion where the filter plate (plate) is communicated and the slurry is supplied between the filter cloth and the filter cloth. When the dehydrated cake is discharged, the dewatering rate is lowered due to mixing of incompletely dewatered slurry, and a cake having a high water content may be discharged as a result.

  One embodiment of the present invention is a system including a dehydration unit and a supply unit that supplies an object to be processed to the dehydration unit. The dehydration unit includes a plurality of plates communicated by supply holes to which a flowable processing object is supplied, and the dehydration process is performed in a state where a plurality of filter chambers into which the processing object flows are formed by closing the plurality of plates. And open a plurality of plates to discharge the dehydrated product (dehydrated product). The supply unit includes a pump that sucks the processing object from the plurality of filter chambers before opening the plurality of plates of the dehydration unit.

  Before opening the plurality of plates, the processing object is sucked from the plurality of filter chambers, so that the water content present in the supply hole and / or the vicinity thereof is relatively high and fluid (the hydrated substance, the residual substance). Slurry) can be aspirated from each filter chamber. Therefore, when the dehydrated product (discharged product, dehydrated product, dehydrated cake) is discharged by opening the plate, it is difficult to include a product that is insufficiently dehydrated and has a relatively high water content, further reducing the water content of the discharged product. it can.

  The supply unit preferably includes a first pump that pumps the processing target and a plunger-type second pump that pumps the processing target at a higher pressure than the first pump. The second pump supplies the processing object following the first pump, and sucks the processing object from the plurality of filter chambers before opening the plurality of plates of the dehydration unit. The system uses a second pump following the first pump to provide a first function for supplying an object to be processed to the dehydration unit, and from the dehydration unit by the second pump before opening the plates of the dehydration unit. You may have a control unit containing the 2nd function which attracts | sucks a process target object.

  The plunger-type pump is a positive displacement pump that repeats suction and discharge, and can discharge at a high pressure, and can increase the suction force, and can suck even a substance having a relatively high viscosity. In this system, a non-volumetric or volumetric first pump having a large discharge amount is used to treat a fluid processing target, for example, a slurry (sludge, mud, hereinafter simply referred to as slurry). After supplying the object to be processed to the filter chamber at a relatively low pressure (first pressure), the dehydration efficiency is improved by pumping the object to be processed to the filter chamber with a plunger-type second pump capable of applying a high pressure. . Thereafter, before the plate is opened, the object to be treated is sucked from the plurality of filter chambers with a plunger-type second pump. The slurry remaining in or near the supply hole is discharged by this treatment, and when the plate is opened and the dehydrated material is discharged, the water content of the discharged material is less likely to be included due to insufficient dehydration and relatively high water content. Can be reduced.

  The supply unit includes a first valve that opens and closes between the second pump and the supply source of the processing object, and a second valve that opens and closes between the second pump and the plurality of filter chambers. May be. In this case, the supply unit further opens the first valve, closes the second valve, sucks the object to be processed from the supply source by the second pump, then closes the first valve, A function of opening a valve and supplying a processing object to a plurality of filter chambers by a second pump (first mode), a first valve being closed, a second valve being opened and a plurality of being by a second pump It is desirable to include a function (second mode) for sucking a processing object from the filter chamber. The discharge and suction of the second pump can be switched by operating the valve.

  This system has a pressure unit for supplying compressed air between each plate of the plurality of plates of the dehydration unit and the filter cloth forming the filter chamber, and when the plates are opened, It is desirable to separate each plate from the filter cloth. By depressurizing between the plate and the filter cloth, the dehydrated product can be discharged efficiently, and the filter cloth can be cleaned up. Further, before the plate is opened, the object to be treated, which is not completely dehydrated and has a relatively high water content and fluidity, is removed by suction. For this reason, by pressurizing and discharging the dehydrated product, it is possible to easily prepare for receiving the next processing object.

  Preferably, the system further includes a suction unit that operates in parallel with the first pump and the second pump and creates a negative pressure between each of the plates of the dehydration unit and the filter cloth. Dehydration efficiency can be further improved by applying a negative pressure between the filter cloth and the plate while supplying the object to be processed at a low pressure and while supplying the object to be processed at a high pressure.

  One of the different aspects of the present invention is a method including supplying a fluid processing object to a dehydration unit and performing a dehydration process. This method may be a dehydration processing method using a dehydration unit or a control method for controlling a system including the dehydration unit. The control method can be provided by a suitable method such as a CD-ROM or a flash memory as a program (program product) for controlling a computer resource having a CPU and a memory.

The dehydration unit includes a plurality of plates communicated by supply holes to which a fluid processing target is supplied, and performing the dehydration process includes the following steps.
1. Close a plurality of plates to form a plurality of filter chambers communicated through supply holes.
2. The pump supplies the object to be processed to several filter chambers.
3. Open multiple plates to discharge dehydrated material.
4). Aspirate the objects to be processed from multiple filter chambers by pump before opening the plates.

  By sucking the processing object (slurry) with a pump before opening the plurality of plates, the slurry remaining in the vicinity of the supply holes can be discharged, and the cake with a high dehydration rate can be discharged.

The step of supplying to the plurality of filter chambers preferably includes the following steps.
The first pump supplies the object to be treated to the plurality of filter chambers at a first pressure;
A plunger-type second pump supplies the processing object to the plurality of filter chambers at a second pressure higher than the first pressure.

  Furthermore, it is desirable that the step of sucking from the plurality of filter chambers includes sucking the processing object from the plurality of filter chambers by the second pump.

  Supplying at the second pressure opens the first valve that opens and closes between the second pump and the supply source of the processing object, and opens and closes between the second pump and the plurality of filter chambers. The second valve is closed and the processing object is sucked from the supply source by the second pump, and the first valve is closed, the second valve is opened and the processing object is filtered by the second pump. Supplying to the chamber. The step of sucking from the plurality of filter chambers may include closing the first valve, opening the second valve, and sucking the object to be processed from the plurality of filter chambers by the second pump.

  The discharging step preferably includes supplying compressed air between each plate of the plurality of plates and the filter cloth forming the filter chamber, and separating each plate from the filter cloth.

  In addition, it is desirable that the step of supplying to the plurality of filter chambers includes moving the suction unit in parallel to create a negative pressure between each of the plurality of plates and the filter cloth.

The schematic block diagram of a dehydration processing apparatus system. The disassembled perspective view which shows the structure of the filter unit of a dehydrator. It is a figure which shows the filter cloth which forms a filter chamber, FIG. 3 (a) shows the state which expand | deployed the filter cloth, FIG.3 (b) shows the state which folded up a part of filter cloth. It is a figure which shows a mode that a filter unit is assembled, FIG. 4 (a) shows the state which let the filter cloth pass, and FIG. 4 (b) shows the state which attached the filter cloth to the plate. The longitudinal cross-sectional view which shows a mode that the plate of the several filter unit was closed. The perspective view which expanded the recessed part of the plate. The perspective view which shows a mode that the plate of the several filter unit was opened. The flowchart which shows the process of a dehydration process. FIG. 9A shows a state where the slurry is supplied from the beginning at a high pressure, and FIG. 9B shows a state where the slurry is initially supplied at a low pressure. The figure which shows the state which the supply hole was clogged with the slurry before discharging | emitting a dewatering cake. The figure which shows the state which sucked and removed the slurry from the supply hole, before discharging | emitting a dewatering cake.

  FIG. 1 shows an outline of the dehydration processing system. The dehydration treatment system (hereinafter, treatment system) 1 includes a flocculation tank 3 that receives a slurry (treatment object) 10 to be treated from the plant 2, and a flocculant or the like is mixed in the flocculation tank 3, and is pretreated and has a moisture content. And a slurry tank 20 that holds the slurry 11 reduced. The water (drainage) 12 separated in the aggregating tank 3 is accumulated in the drainage tank 4 and then discarded or reused in the drainage facility 5.

  The processing system 1 further includes a line (chemical solution injection system) 25 for injecting a polymer flocculant (pack) into the slurry tank 20 and a line (auxiliary injection system) 26 for injecting lime as an auxiliary agent. . These lines 25 and 26 include tanks 25t and 26t for holding a chemical, stirrers 25a and 26a, and injection pumps 25p and 26p, respectively. The system for injecting the chemical solution and the auxiliary agent is optional, and can be omitted if the slurry 11 supplied from the coagulation tank 3 is close to sludge or sludge and suitable for dehydration. In the slurry tank 20, a polymer flocculant and an auxiliary agent are injected into the fluid inside, and the fluid is agitated by a stirrer 21 driven by a motor 22, and a fluid (slurry) containing aggregates (floc). ) 13 is generated. The slurry 13 becomes an object (processing object) of the dehydration process in the subsequent dehydration apparatus.

  The processing system 1 further forms a vacuum (negative pressure) with a dehydrator (dehydration unit) 50, a supply device (supply unit) 30 that supplies the slurry 13 to the dehydrator 50, and increases the dehydration efficiency of the dehydrator 50. The vacuum system 80 to raise, the compressed air supply system 89 which supplies compressed air, and the control apparatus (control unit, main control apparatus) 70 which controls the processing system 1 are included. The compressed air is used when discharging the discharge from the dehydrator 50. The control device 70 includes hardware resources such as a CPU and a memory and software resources such as a program. In the control device 70, each function for controlling the processing system 1 is realized by downloading and executing a program (program product) 71.

  The compressed air supply system 89 includes an air source 85 such as a compressor, an air tank 86, and an automatic valve 88 that turns on and off the supply of air to the dehydrator 50. The vacuum system 80 opens and closes the lines of the vacuum pump 82 that forms negative pressure, the vacuum separation tank 81 that separates the drainage 17 from the filtered water 16 mixed with air sucked by the negative pressure, and the filtered water 16 to dehydrate the water. And an automatic valve 83 for turning on and off the supply of the negative pressure to the device 50. The drainage 17 separated by the vacuum separate tank 81 is discharged to the drainage tank 4.

  The dehydrating apparatus 50 is in close contact with a filter section 69 to which a plurality of plate-like or disk-like filter units 60 are connected and a plurality of filter units 60 by applying high pressure to form stages 52a and 52b forming a plurality of filter chambers. A press unit 53 that pressurizes the stages 52 a and 52 b, a hydraulic unit 54 that drives the press unit 53, and a conveyor that conveys (unloads) the discharged matter (dehydrated product, dehydrated cake) 15 discharged from the filter unit 60. 55.

  The dehydrating apparatus (dehydrating unit) 50 includes a vacuum collecting pipe 56 that communicates the vacuum system 80 with each filter unit 60, and an air collecting pipe 57 that communicates the compressed air supply system 89 with each filter unit 60. . As will be described in detail below, the filter unit 60 includes a plate that communicates with a supply hole to which a fluid processing object (slurry) 13 is supplied, and a plurality of filter units 60 are moved by bonding the plurality of filter units 60 together. The plate is opened and closed, and a filter chamber is formed with a filter cloth between the plates to dehydrate the plate. Therefore, the dehydrator 50 is referred to as a filter press, a filter press dehydrator, a press dehydrator, or the like.

  The supply device (supply unit) 30 includes a first pump 31 that pumps the slurry 13 to be processed to the dehydrator 50 through a slurry supply line (pipe) 40, and a drive unit (motor) that drives the first pump 31. 35, a plunger-type second pump 32 that supplies the slurry 13 at a pressure (second pressure) higher than the pressure (first pressure) of the first pump 31 and the second pump 32. Drive unit (motor or cylinder) 36. The supply device 30 further opens and closes a connection (communication) between the shutoff valve 41 that separates the first pump 31 from the slurry supply line 40, and the slurry tank 21 that is the supply source of the slurry 13 and the second pump 32 ( A first valve 45 that is turned on and off; and a second valve 46 that opens and closes (turns on and off) the connection (communication) between the second pump 32 and the slurry supply line 40.

The first pump 31 has a function of supplying the slurry 13 to the empty dehydrator 50 as fast as possible. The first pump 31 includes a pump suitable for pumping a large amount of the slurry 13 at a relatively low pressure (first pressure), for example, 0.5 to 1.5 MPa (about 5 to 15 kg / cm ² ). Used. For example, as the first pump (sludge filling pump, liquid feed pump) 31, a non-volumetric pump such as a centrifugal pump or a volumetric pump such as a diaphragm pump or a piston pump is used.

The second pump 32 applies a higher pressure (second pressure), for example, a high pressure of ^{2 to} 5 MPa (about 20 to 50 kg / cm ² ) to the dehydrated cake that has been dehydrated to some extent inside the dehydrator 50. The slurry 13 is supplied, and the dehydrated cake is compressed to obtain a dense dehydrated cake. Therefore, a plunger type (piston type) pump that can discharge the slurry 13 at a high pressure even if the capacity is relatively small is used.

  The control device 70 includes a dehydration control unit (dehydration control function, filter control function, plate opening / closing function) 75 that controls the dehydration device 50, and a slurry supply control unit (slurry supply control function, pump control function) that controls the supply device 30. 77. The dehydration control unit 75 includes an opening / closing function 75a for controlling the press 53 by the hydraulic unit 54 to open / close the plurality of filter units 60, a dehydration function 75b for performing dehydration by connecting the filter unit 60 to the vacuum system 80, and a filter unit. And a discharge function 75c for supplying the compressed air to 60 and releasing the dehydrated matter 15.

  The slurry supply control unit 77 includes a filling function 77 a that fills the filter chamber formed by each filter 60 of the dehydrating device 50 with the first pump 31, and the second pump 32 following the first pump 31. And a pressurizing function (pressurizing function unit, first function) 77b for injecting the slurry 13 into the filter chamber of the dehydrator 50 and dehydrating by the second pump 32 before opening the filter chamber of the dehydrator 50. A suction function (suction function unit, second function) 77c for sucking the slurry 13 that remains fluid from the device 50.

  The pressurizing function 77 b opens the first valve 45 on the slurry tank 20 side, closes the second valve 46 on the dehydrator 50 side, and sucks the slurry 13 from the slurry tank 21 by the second pump 32. The first valve 45 is closed, the second valve 46 is opened, and the slurry 13 is supplied to the dehydrator 50 by the second pump 32 (first mode) 77d. The suction function 77c closes the first valve 45 on the slurry tank 20 side, opens the second valve 46 on the dehydrator 50 side, and sucks the slurry 13 remaining in the dehydrator 50 by the second pump 32. Function (second mode) 77e.

  The pressurizing function 77b may further include a mode (function) for applying pressure stepwise depending on the state and type of the slurry (sludge, organic activated surplus sludge) 13 to be treated. For example, a pressure of 5 MPa may be applied for a predetermined time (30 minutes, etc.), and the pressure may be applied stepwise with an appropriate program (for example, 0.5 MPa for 4 minutes, 2 MPa for 3 minutes, 3 MPa for 5 minutes, 4 MPa For 10 minutes and 5 MPa for 5 minutes).

  The filling function 77a includes a function of connecting the filter unit 60 to the vacuum system 80 and performing dehydration in parallel (in parallel) when the first pump 31 is operated to start filling the slurry 13. . The pressurizing function 77b also functions to connect the filter unit 60 to the vacuum system 80 by the dehydrating function 75b and perform dehydration in parallel (in parallel) when the second pump 32 is operated to start pressurizing the slurry 13. including.

  FIG. 2 is an exploded perspective view showing individual structures of a plurality of filter units 60 included in a dehydrating apparatus (dehydrator, filter press machine) 50. One filter unit 60 includes a filter cloth (filter) 61a, a punching metal (wire mesh) 62, a plate (dehydration filter panel) 63, a punching metal 62, and a filter cloth on the right side in order from the left side in FIG. 61b, and these components are superposed in this order. Concave portions 64 for accommodating the left and right filter cloths 61 a and 61 b are formed on both surfaces (both end surfaces) of the plate 63, and these concave portions 64 are through holes (supply holes) provided along the central axis of the plate 63. 632 communicates (connects). The left filter cloth (left filter part) 61 a and the right filter cloth (right filter part) 61 b of the filter cloth 61 are constituted by an integral filter cloth 61 and inserted into the supply hole 632 as will be described later. Are connected by a connecting portion 61c.

  The disk-type dewatering filter (plate) 63 is made of metal such as iron, for example, stainless steel having excellent corrosion resistance and rigidity. The plate 63 of this dehydrator has a disk shape, but may be polygonal as long as it is flat. The plate 63 includes a side surface (circumferential surface) 633, concave portions 64 provided on both end surfaces, and through holes (supply holes) 632 that penetrate the plate 63 and communicate with the concave portions 64 on both sides.

  Both surfaces (both end surfaces) of the plate 63 include a recessed portion (concave portion) 64 and a peripheral edge portion 631. The concave portion 64 includes a bottom portion (bottom surface) 641 on which a large number of protrusions 643 are formed, and a peripheral portion 631 and an outer peripheral portion 642 that is an inclined surface that smoothly connects the bottom portion 641, and the bottom portion 641 and the outer peripheral portion 642 form a dish shape. The surface is formed. In the case of the disk-shaped plate 63, it is preferable that the supply hole 632 is at the center in consideration of the shape of the filter cloth. The supply hole 632 may be in a portion other than the center, and the plate 63 may include a plurality of supply holes.

  The plate 63 includes an arm 637 for connecting to the stages 52a and 52b. The plate 63 includes a connecting pipe 634 for connecting the bottom parts 641 on both sides to the vacuum collecting pipe 56 through an opening 645 provided in the bottom part 641. The plate 63 includes connection pipes 635 for connecting the bottom parts 641 on both sides to the air collecting pipes 57 through openings 646 provided in the bottom parts 641.

  The plate 63 further includes a number of protrusions 643 provided on the bottom portion 641. The punching metal 62 is installed so as to be supported by a large number of protrusions 643 of the plate 63. The punching metal 62 includes a large number of through holes 621 and a shaft hole 622 provided at the center, and the shaft hole 622 communicates with a through hole (supply hole) 632 of the plate 63. The punching metal 62 is for supporting the filter cloth 61 in a flat state, and is made of a disk-shaped metal plate, for example, stainless steel.

  In FIG. 3, the structure of the filter cloth (filter medium) 61 used as a filter is typically shown. The filter cloth 61 separates and filters the water and solid components contained in the slurry 13, and has a size suitable for allowing the water (water and wastewater) contained in the slurry 13 to permeate and leaving a solid content (residue). Many holes (eyes) are included. The filter cloth 61 has sufficient strength against the high pressure applied by the pump 32, and is made of plastic, for example, a woven cloth of polyester-based or polypropylene-based fibers. The filter cloth 61 is selected according to the properties of the slurry 13 to be dehydrated, such as the roughness of the eyes and the material of the fibers.

  As shown in FIG. 3 (a), the filter cloth 61 includes a left disk-shaped filter portion 61a, a right disk-shaped filter portion 61b, and a cylindrical connection portion 61c that connects the centers thereof. These are integrally formed. As shown in FIG. 3B, the left and right filter parts 61a and 61b can be folded or deformed into various shapes. For example, the left and right filter parts 61a and 61b The supply hole 632 can be passed.

  4A and 4B schematically show how the filter unit 60 is assembled. As shown in FIG. 4 (a), one filter cloth (filter part) 61a or 61b is deformed into a rod shape, passed through the supply hole 632 of the plate 63 and the shaft hole 622 of the punching metal 62, and left and right recesses of the plate 63. 64 is attached so as to be covered with the filter parts 61a and 61b, respectively.

  As shown in FIG. 4 (b), the outer peripheral edges 613 of the left and right filter parts 61 a and 61 b are fixed to the peripheral part 631 of the plate 63 with a clip band 655. In the filter unit 60, the left and right filter portions 61 a and 61 b cover the concave portion 64 of the plate 63 and the punching metal 62 installed therein, and the left and right filter portions 61 a and 61 b pass through the supply hole 632. 61c communicates. Therefore, the slurry 13 supplied through the supply holes 632 of the plurality of filter units 60 in the filter section 69 of the dehydrating apparatus 50 is supplied to the left and right filters through the connection portions 61 c of the filter cloth 61 in each filter unit 60. Supplied to the parts 61a and 61b.

  The filter cloth 61, which is a consumable item, can be removed from the filter unit 60 in the reverse procedure to the above, and can be easily replaced. The filter cloth 61 may not be one in which the left and right filter parts 61 a and 61 b are integrated, and may be one in which the left and right filter parts 61 a and 61 b are connected through a supply hole 632 with a connecting cylinder or the like. .

  FIG. 5 is a longitudinal sectional view showing a state in which the filter section 69 is assembled by a plurality of filter units 60. When a plurality of filter units 60 are combined and the plates 63 are closed, a disk-shaped filter chamber 66 is formed by the recesses 64 between the adjacent plates 63. The filter chamber 66 is surrounded by the left and right filter portions 61 a and 61 b and communicates with the adjacent filter chamber 66 through a connection portion 61 c inserted into the supply hole 632. Accordingly, the filter section 69 is formed with a plurality of filter chambers 66 communicated via the supply holes 632 by closing the plurality of plates 63. The slurry 13 is supplied to the plurality of filter chambers 66 communicated with each other through the supply hole 632.

  A sealing material (rubber ring, O-ring) 656 is disposed on the peripheral edge 631 of the plate 63, and the supply hole 632 is obtained by combining (bonding) the filter cloth 61 to each of the plurality of plates 63. Thus, a filter chamber 66 that is closed to the outside is configured. The left and right filter parts 61 a and 61 b of the filter cloth 61 are set in the concave part 64 via the punching metal 62.

  As shown in FIG. 6, a large number of island-shaped protrusions 643 are formed on the bottom 641 of the concave portion 64 of the plate 63, and the punching metal 62 is supported by the protrusions 643. For this reason, a gap 644 is formed between the punching metal 62 and the bottom (bottom surface) 641 of the recess 64 and functions as a drainage channel and an air supply channel. An opening 645 connected to the connection pipe 634 communicating with the vacuum collecting pipe 56 is formed at the bottom 641 of the recess 64. Moisture contained in the slurry 13 in the filter chamber 66 passes through the filter cloth 61 and is further sucked into the vacuum system 80 through the gap 644 between the punching metal 62 and the bottom surface 641. It is desirable that the drain opening 645 be provided on the lower side in the vertical direction of the recess 64.

  An opening 646 that connects to a connection pipe 635 that communicates with the air collecting pipe 57 is formed at the bottom 641 of the recess 64. After the dehydration, when discharging the cake as the dehydrated product, the compressed air is supplied to the gap 644 between the punching metal 62 and the bottom surface 641 to separate the plates 63 from each other, and the cake is peeled off from the filter cloth 61 through the filter cloth 61. Can be discharged. It is desirable that the air supply opening 646 be provided on the upper side in the vertical direction of the recess 64 in order to prevent troubles such as clogging.

  FIG. 7 is a perspective view showing a state in which the filter section 69 including a plurality of filter units 60 is set in the dehydrating apparatus 50. This figure shows a state where the plates 63 of the filter unit 60 are separated (opened) to discharge the cake 15 that is a dehydrated product. Each plate 63 includes two arms 637 protruding outward at left and right opposing positions, and a groove 638 of the arm 637 is disposed in parallel with two parallelly disposed between the stages 52a and 52b of the dehydrating apparatus 50. It is placed on the extending guide rail 58.

  Each filter unit 60 moves along the guide rail 58, and when the stage 52 b is pressurized by the press unit 53, the plurality of filter units 60 sandwiched between the stages 52 a and 52 b are brought into close contact with each other. A filter chamber 66 is formed. The plurality of filter chambers 66 are connected through a supply hole 632, and the dehydration process is performed by supplying the slurry 13 at a high pressure through a supply hole 52c provided in one stage 52a.

  As shown in FIG. 7, when the dehydration process is completed, the stages 52a and 52b are separated to release the respective filter units 60. At the same time, compressed air is supplied from the connecting pipe 635. The pressurized air pushes the filter cloth 61 to release the filter chamber 66, the filter cloth 61 swells toward the filter chamber 66, and the dehydrated cake 15 separates from the filter cloth 61 and falls. The dropped cake 15 is discharged by the conveyor 55. The dehydrated cake residue and the like adhering to the filter cloth 61 is peeled off by the compressed air, and the filter cloth 61 is cleaned up, so that the next dehydration process is ready.

  FIG. 8 is a flowchart showing the process of dehydration using the dehydration processing system 1. Each function of the control device 70 controls a target device along this process. The method shown in FIG. 8 shows a dehydration processing method using the dehydration processing system 1 and a control method of the dehydration processing system 1. Moreover, it is also a manufacturing method of the dewatering cake 15 produced | generated by a dehydration process. The control method of the dehydration processing system 1 can be provided by being recorded on an appropriate recording medium as software (program, program product) for operating the control device 70 including a CPU and a memory.

  First, in step 91, the opening / closing function 75a of the dehydration control unit 75 operates the press 53 by the hydraulic unit 54 to pressurize the plurality of filter units 60 sandwiched between the stages 52a and 52b. Thereby, the plurality of plates 63 included in the plurality of filter units 60 are closed, and a plurality of filter chambers 66 are formed by closely contacting each other.

  In step 92, the filling function 77 a of the slurry supply control unit 77 supplies the slurry 13 to the plurality of filter chambers 66 of the dehydrator 50 with the first pressure by the first pump 31 of the supply device 30. At the same time, the filling function 77 a connects the filter unit 60 to the vacuum system 80 by the dehydration function 75 b and sucks moisture contained in the slurry 13 from the periphery of the filter chamber 66.

  The slurry 13 may be supplied to the dehydrator 50 at a higher pressure (second pressure) using the second pump 32 from the initial stage of the dehydration process (dehydration operation). When the slurry 13 is supplied only by the second pump 32, the supply speed may decrease and the supply time may be extended. Further, a dehydrated cake wall having a high density is formed at a portion in contact with the filter cloth 61, so that the dehydration rate may be lowered.

  FIG. 9A schematically shows the state of the filter chamber 66. When the high-pressure slurry 13 is supplied from the beginning in a state where the plate 63 of the filter unit 60 is closed and the filter chamber 66 is formed, a high-density dehydrated cake 15h is formed on the filter cloth 61 forming the filter chamber 66, and the cake A wall is created. Since the wall 15h is difficult to pass water, even if the slurry 13 is supplied at a high pressure thereafter, the dehydration rate may not increase, or it may take time to obtain the dehydrated cake 15 having a desired thickness.

  As shown in FIG. 9B, in step 92 in the initial stage of the dehydration process, the slurry 13 is supplied to the filter chamber 66 using the low-pressure first pump 31, and at the same time, the recess 64 is evacuated (negative pressure). When the water contained in the slurry 13 is removed, a porous dehydrated cake 15a having a low density is generated inside the filter cloth 61 of the filter chamber 66. For this reason, when there is no space between the two filter cloths 61 and the liquid feed load of the first pump 31 is increased, the filter chamber 66 between the two filter cloths 61 has a low-density porous structure. The dehydrated cake 15a is filled.

  In Step 93, when the slurry 13 is supplied at a high pressure (second pressure) by the second pump 32, the slurry 13 is filled into the filter chambers 66 from the supply holes 632 at a high pressure, and the density of the filter chambers 66 is gradually increased. A dehydrated cake 15 that is high and sufficiently dehydrated is formed. Since the porous dehydrated cake 15a is first formed by the slurry 13 supplied at a low pressure, water can easily escape from the slurry 13 supplied at a subsequent high pressure via the porous dehydrated cake 15a, and the pressure is increased from the beginning. Thus, the dehydrated cake 15 having a low water content can be obtained more efficiently than dewatering. Further, since the porous dehydrated cake 15a generated previously is also pressurized by the high-pressure slurry 13, the density gradually increases.

  Specifically, when there is no space between the two filter cloths 61 in step 92 and the liquid feed load of the first pump 31 is increased, the filling function 77a stops the first pump 31 and the shutoff valve 41. Close. In step 93, the pressurizing function 77b sets the first mode 77d, and the slurry 13 is filtered using the plunger-type second pump 32 while controlling the switching of the first and second valves 45 and 46. 60 is pressure-injected (high-pressure implantation). The pressurizing function 77 b opens the first valve 45 on the slurry tank 20 side, closes the second valve 46 on the dehydrator 50 side, and sucks the slurry 13 by the second pump 32. Thereafter, the first valve 45 is closed, the second valve 46 is opened, and the slurry 13 is discharged by the second pump 32. In step 93, the pressurizing function 77b connects the filter unit 60 to the vacuum system 80 by the dehydrating function 75b, sucks the inside of the recess 64, and continues the operation of removing the moisture contained in the slurry 13 through the filter cloth 61. .

  The slurry 13 is supplied to the filter chamber 66 at a high pressure by the plunger-type second pump 32 for an appropriate time, for example, about 2 to 30 minutes, and the outside of the filter cloth 61 is evacuated (negative pressure). Continue dehydration. By these treatments, a dehydrated cake 15 having a moisture content of about 50 to 20% can be generated, depending on the type of slurry 13 to be treated.

  When the predetermined time has elapsed, in step 94, the supply (pressurization) of the slurry 13 by the second pump 32 is stopped, the automatic valve 83 connecting the vacuum system 80 and the vacuum collecting pipe 56 is closed, and vacuum is applied. Stop pulling. Thereby, the dehydration process is completed.

  Next, in step 95, the suction function 77c sets the second mode 77e, and reverses the order of switching the valves 45 and 46 and the movement of the piston of the second pump 32. As a result, the slurry 13 is sucked from the plurality of filter chambers 66 of the dehydrator 50 through the slurry supply line 40 by the plunger-type second pump 32. That is, the first valve 45 on the slurry tank 20 side is closed, the second valve 46 on the dehydrator 50 side is opened, and the slurry 13 is sucked from the dehydrator 50 by the second pump 32, and then the first The valve 45 is opened, the second valve 46 is closed, and the slurry 13 is returned to the slurry tank 20 by the second pump 32.

  FIG. 10 shows a state before the slurry 13 is sucked from the plurality of filter chambers 66. In the filter chamber 66 of each filter unit 60, the dehydration process is performed by the slurry 13 being press-fitted from the supply hole 632. In the filter chamber 66, the slurry 13 is supplied to the supply hole 632 at a high pressure, but is not easily dehydrated because it does not face the concave portion 64 of the plate 63. Therefore, there is a high possibility that a processing object in a state (slurry state) having a high water content (a water content does not decrease) and fluidity is present around the supply hole 632 and its periphery. When the plurality of plates 63 are opened in this state and the dehydrated cake 15 is taken out, the slurry 13 remains in the supply hole 632, so that the water content of the discharged dehydrated cake 15 increases and the dehydration rate decreases.

  In FIG. 11, in step 95, before opening the plurality of plates 63, the slurry 13 is sucked from the plurality of filter chambers 66 using the plunger-type second pump 32, and the slurry 13 remaining in the supply holes 632 or The state which removed the process target object of the intermediate | middle state (sludge form) with high fluidity is shown. Inside the filter chamber 66, the slurry 13 is dehydrated and already solidified except for the portion of the supply hole 632. Therefore, only the residue of the slurry 13 having the supply holes 632 and the surrounding fluidity is sucked by the second pump 32. As a result, as shown in FIG. 7, a dehydrated cake 15 having a hole 15 c in a portion corresponding to the supply hole 632 is obtained.

  The plunger-type second pump 32 is a positive displacement pump that repeats suction and discharge, and can discharge at a high pressure and has a high suction force. Therefore, when the dehydration progresses somewhat in the vicinity of the supply hole 632 and a processing target having a relatively high viscosity remains even though it has fluidity, the residue that causes a decrease in the dehydration rate can be sucked and removed.

  Thereafter, in step 96, the opening / closing mechanism 75a controls the press 53 to release the plurality of filter units 60 from the stages 52a and 52b, so that the plate 63 is opened. At the same time, the conveyor 55 is driven. In step 97, the discharge function 75 c opens the automatic valve 88 between the compressed air supply system 89 and the air collecting pipe 57 and supplies the compressed air to the recess 64 of the filter unit 60 through the air collecting pipe 57. Thereby, the filter medium 61 and the recessed part 64 of the plate 63 leave | separate, and plates 63 open.

  Therefore, in step 98, the dehydrated cake 15 which is the dehydrated waste formed in the recess 64 (filter chamber 66) falls onto the conveyor 55 and is discharged. Although the dehydrated cake 15 is schematically described in a ring shape in FIG. 1, the dehydrated cake 15 is broken or divided when it is peeled off from the filter medium 61 or dropped onto the conveyor 55, and is discharged in an appropriate size.

  The series of dehydration processes as described above can be automatically performed by the control device 70. For this reason, the dehydration system including the dehydrator 50 can be operated continuously regardless of day and night, and is suitable for processing a large amount of slurry.

  In the processing system 1 including the dehydrating device 50, the dehydrated cake dehydrated while being compressed at a high pressure as described above has a low water content, for example, a moisture content of 30%. Can be reduced sufficiently. It is also possible to obtain a dehydrated cake that does not require further dehydration.

  Further, by using compression and vacuum suction in combination, for example, 10 or more dehydrated cakes 15 having a thickness of 30 mm and a diameter of several tens of centimeters can be generated in about 3 to 10 minutes. As a result, a large amount of slurry can be concentrated and discarded, or can be used for other purposes. Dehydrated cake is easy to transport and store, and management costs can be greatly reduced.

  This treatment system 1 is useful in various industries, for example, sewage sludge, manure digested sludge, resin factory effluent, photographic waste liquid, metallurgical factory effluent, agricultural factory effluent, beverage factory effluent, fishery factory effluent, and livestock manure effluent. It can be widely used to produce a plate-shaped dehydrated cake by removing moisture from mud sludge (generally called slurry) such as civil engineering wastewater.

Claims (10)

A dehydration process is performed in a state that includes a plurality of plates communicated by supply holes to which a fluid processing target is supplied, and a plurality of filter chambers into which the processing target flows are formed by closing the plurality of plates. A dehydrating unit that opens the plurality of plates and discharges the dehydrated material;
A supply unit for supplying the processing object to the plurality of filter chambers through the supply holes;
The supply unit includes a pump that sucks the processing object from the plurality of filter chambers before opening the plurality of plates of the dehydration unit. In claim 1,
The supply unit includes a first pump that pumps the processing object;
A plunger-type second pump for pumping the processing object at a higher pressure than the first pump, the processing object being supplied following the first pump, and the plurality of the dehydrating units. And a second pump for aspirating the process object from the plurality of filter chambers prior to opening the plate. In claim 2,
The supply unit includes: a first valve that opens and closes between the second pump and a supply source of the processing object;
A second valve that opens and closes between the second pump and the plurality of filter chambers;
The first valve is opened, the second valve is closed, the processing object is sucked from the supply source by the second pump, the first valve is closed, and the second valve is opened. A function of opening and supplying the processing object to the plurality of filter chambers by the second pump;
A function of closing the first valve, opening the second valve, and sucking the processing object from the plurality of filter chambers by the second pump. In any of claims 1 to 3,
Between the plates of the plurality of plates of the dehydration unit and the filter cloth forming the filter chamber, compressed air is supplied between the plates and the filter cloth when supplying the compressed plates. The system further comprising a pressurizing unit separating the two. In any of claims 1 to 4,
The system further comprises a suction unit that creates a negative pressure between each of the plurality of plates of the dehydration unit and the filter cloth forming the filter chamber. A method comprising supplying a fluid processing object to a dehydration unit and performing a dehydration process,
The dehydration unit includes a plurality of plates communicated by supply holes to which the processing object is supplied,
Performing the dehydration process,
Closing the plurality of plates to form a plurality of filter chambers communicated through the supply holes;
A pump supplies the treatment object to the plurality of filter chambers;
Opening the plurality of plates to discharge the dehydrated material;
Sucking the object to be treated from the plurality of filter chambers by the pump prior to opening the plurality of plates. In claim 6,
Supplying to the plurality of filter chambers,
A first pump supplies the object to be processed to the plurality of filter chambers at a first pressure;
A plunger-type second pump supplying the object to be processed to the plurality of filter chambers at a second pressure higher than the first pressure;
Sucking from the plurality of filter chambers,
Suctioning the object to be treated from the plurality of filter chambers by the second pump. In claim 7,
Supplying at the second pressure opens a first valve that opens and closes between the second pump and the supply source of the processing object, and connects the second pump and the plurality of filter chambers. Closing the second valve that opens and closes between the two and sucking the processing object from the supply source by the second pump;
Closing the first valve, opening the second valve, and supplying the processing object to the plurality of filter chambers by the second pump,
Suctioning from the plurality of filter chambers includes closing the first valve, opening the second valve, and sucking the processing object from the plurality of filter chambers by the second pump. ,Method. In any of claims 6 to 8,
The discharging includes supplying compressed air between each plate of the plurality of plates and a filter cloth forming the filter chamber, and separating the plate and the filter cloth from each other. ,Method. In any of claims 6 to 9,
The supplying to the plurality of filter chambers includes applying a negative pressure between each plate of the plurality of plates and the filter cloth forming the filter chamber.

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