JPWO2014024559A1 - Vibration detector - Google Patents

Abstract

Provided is a vibration detection device that suppresses power consumption and has no detection failure. The first vibration detection means (11) includes a second vibration detection means (12) and a control means (13). The first vibration detection means (11) Is output to the control means (13), and the control means (13) outputs the second signal when the output signal from the first vibration detection means (11) exceeds a preset threshold value. A vibration detecting device for starting the operation of the vibration detecting means (12).

Description

  The present invention relates to a vibration detection apparatus.

  For the purpose of reducing power consumption, various low power consumption control methods according to the usage conditions of users have been studied by incorporating various sensors into electronic devices such as personal computers, lighting of buildings and houses, and home appliances. Yes. For example, a vibration detection system that can always operate, consumes less power, and has no detection omission has been studied. For example, Patent Document 1 describes a sensor that uses a first sensor with low power consumption that outputs a trigger signal in addition to a sensor (second sensor) that is mainly used. This is intended to reduce power consumption by using a sensor with lower power consumption than the second sensor as the first sensor, as compared with the case where the second sensor is always operated. Patent Document 2 describes a technique in which a trigger value is set in a circuit of a vibration detection unit and the vibration detection unit is normally operated intermittently. Thereby, it becomes possible to suppress power consumption compared with the case of always monitoring by a vibration detection part.

International Publication No. 2009/008411 JP 2004-274843 A

  However, with these technologies, it is possible to simultaneously detect the occurrence of a detection target event such as a human action or abnormal vibration of a structure and to reduce power consumption in the entire system including the information processing process. Was difficult. In the technique disclosed in Patent Document 1, power is also supplied to a signal amplifier circuit and the like for a trigger signal generation sensor, and power is always consumed in the sensor regardless of the occurrence of the event. Further, in the technique described in Patent Document 2, the average power consumption in the vibration detection unit can be suppressed by the intermittent operation of the vibration detection unit. However, even when the event does not occur, vibration is generated at regular intervals. Data acquisition, wireless communication, and data analysis processing are performed, and unnecessary power is consumed in analysis devices such as vibration detection sensors and servers. Further, in the intermittent measurement according to the technology, when an event occurs between measurements, the occurrence of the event is not detected until the next measurement timing, and thus there is a possibility that a detection failure may occur.

  An object of the present invention is to provide a vibration detection device that suppresses power consumption and has no detection omission.

In order to achieve the above object, the vibration detection device of the present invention includes:
Including first vibration detection means, second vibration detection means, and control means,
The first vibration detection unit operates without power supply and outputs an output signal corresponding to the vibration to the control unit.
The control means starts the operation of the second vibration detection means when the output signal from the first vibration detection means exceeds a preset threshold value.

  According to the vibration detection device of the present invention, power consumption is suppressed and there is no detection omission.

FIG. 1 is a schematic configuration diagram illustrating an example (Embodiment 1) of a vibration detection apparatus according to the present invention. FIG. 2 is a flowchart illustrating an example of an operation method of the vibration detection apparatus according to the first embodiment. FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram showing output waveforms from the first vibration detection means and the second vibration detection means in the operation method. FIG. 4 is a schematic configuration diagram illustrating another example of the vibration detection apparatus according to the first embodiment. FIG. 5 is a schematic configuration diagram illustrating the vibration detection apparatus according to the first embodiment. FIG. 6 is a diagram illustrating still another example of the vibration detection apparatus according to the first embodiment. 7A is a schematic configuration diagram showing a vibration detection device 600A that performs the same control as the technique described in Patent Document 1, and FIG. 7B performs the same control as the technique described in Patent Document 2. It is a schematic block diagram which shows the vibration detection apparatus 600B.

  Hereinafter, the vibration detection apparatus and the operation method of the vibration detection apparatus of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings. However, the present invention is not limited to the following examples. In addition, in the following FIG. 1 to FIG. In the drawings, for convenience of explanation, the structure of each part may be simplified as appropriate, and the dimensional ratio of each part may be schematically shown, unlike the actual case.

(Embodiment 1)
FIG. 1 is a schematic configuration diagram of the vibration detection apparatus according to the first embodiment. As shown in FIG. 1, the vibration detection device 100 of the present embodiment includes a first vibration detection unit 11, a second vibration detection unit 12, and a control unit 13 as main components. The first vibration detection unit 11 operates without power supply and outputs an output signal corresponding to the vibration to the control unit 13. The control means 13 starts the operation of the second vibration detection means 12 when the output signal from the first vibration detection means 11 exceeds a preset threshold value. That is, the output signal from the first vibration detection unit 11 serves as a trigger signal for starting the operation of the second vibration detection unit 12.

  The first vibration detection unit 11 is, for example, a vibration sensor and operates without power supply. The first vibration detection unit 11 detects vibration of a structure or the like, acquires vibration waveform data, and outputs an output signal corresponding to the vibration to the control unit 13. It is preferable that the vibration waveform data is converted into a vibration voltage and output as the output signal. It is preferable that the first vibration detection unit 11 generates electric power according to the vibration and outputs the output signal to the control unit 13 using the generated electric power. Moreover, since it is preferable that the 1st vibration detection means 11 can detect the vibration used as a trigger reliably by simple structure, it is preferable that it is a thing with a high sensitivity and can detect the signal of a wide frequency band. Examples of the first vibration detecting means 11 include a piezoelectric vibration sensor, an electrodynamic vibration sensor, a capacitance vibration sensor, a shock sensor, and the like, and a piezoelectric vibration sensor is preferable. The piezoelectric vibration sensor is mainly composed of a piezoelectric element and a support that supports the piezoelectric element. In consideration of the ease of incorporation into various places including electronic devices, a flexural piezoelectric vibration sensor that can be easily miniaturized can be suitably used, but the present invention is not limited to this. When distortion occurs due to application of stress, the piezoelectric element generates an electrical output according to the amount of distortion (deformation amount). That is, the piezoelectric element has a function of converting vibration energy into electric energy. By appropriately designing according to the vibration characteristics of the detection target, a trigger vibration sensor that does not require a signal amplification circuit can be realized.

  Further, when the resonance frequency of the piezoelectric element exists in a frequency range having a high vibration level frequency characteristic to be detected, a high voltage is generated between the sensor electrical terminals by exciting the mechanical resonance of the piezoelectric element. By using this high generated voltage as a trigger signal for starting the second vibration detecting means 12, a signal amplifier circuit can be dispensed with. When a so-called cantilever type piezoelectric vibration sensor is used as the first vibration detection means 11 that supports a holding plate provided with a piezoelectric element by a single support portion, resonance occurs even at a low frequency (slight fluctuation). It is preferable because it becomes easy to take out as a trigger signal at a low frequency. For the purpose of accurately detecting the state of the detection object by vibration detection, resonance may not be used in the sensor because the vibration state of the detection object, that is, analysis is performed while keeping the original waveform faithfully. Although it is preferable that the first vibration detection unit 11 only needs to be able to detect whether or not vibration is generated, resonance can be used as described above.

  As the first vibration detection means 11, for example, a contact-type vibration detection means installed on a structure can be used. The installation location on the structure is not particularly limited, and is installed at an appropriate location on the structure according to the application of the vibration detection device 100.

  The second vibration detection means 12 is, for example, a vibration sensor, detects vibration of the structure, and acquires vibration waveform data from the structure. The vibration sensor is not particularly limited, and a known vibration sensor can be used. Specific examples include a piezoelectric vibration sensor, an electrodynamic vibration sensor, and a capacitance vibration sensor. The vibration sensor preferably includes a signal amplification circuit. The second vibration detection means 12 (vibration sensor) is preferably higher in sensitivity than the first vibration detection means 11 and can detect signals in a wide frequency band. As the second vibration detection means 12, for example, a contact-type vibration detection means installed on a structure can be used. The installation location on the structure is not particularly limited, and is installed at an appropriate location on the structure according to the application of the vibration detection device 100.

  The second vibration detection means 12 can also be a non-contact type vibration detection means that can be installed away from the structure. For example, a frequency response of vibration amplitude can be optically obtained using a laser Doppler vibrometer or the like. You may measure. Non-contact type vibration detection means can be installed in non-contact with the structure to be analyzed, so it is effective when vibration detection means cannot be installed, for example, in places with large irregularities, high or low temperature places, small members, etc. It is. The non-contact type vibration detecting means is used when the weight of the vibration detecting means itself is affected when it is attached to the structure, such as when the structure to be analyzed is light or soft. Can also be used. Further, instead of the vibration sensor, an antenna can be installed to irradiate electromagnetic waves, and the frequency response of the vibration amplitude can be measured from the voltage output response of the reflected wave. If the antenna is scanned by moving the surface of the structure and the frequency response of the vibration amplitude is measured, the same result as that obtained when a plurality of vibration sensors described later are installed and measured can be obtained.

  The control means 13 starts the operation of the second vibration detection means 12 when the output signal from the first vibration detection means 11 exceeds a preset threshold value. As shown in the flowchart of FIG. 2, the operation method of the vibration detection apparatus according to the present embodiment performs the following steps. FIG. 3 shows output signal waveforms from the first vibration detection means 11 and the second vibration detection means 12 in the above operation method.

As shown in FIG. 2, in the initial state, the vibration detection device 100 is in a standby state (sleep) (step S10). In this state, when vibration of a structure or the like to be detected occurs, the first vibration detection means (trigger vibration sensor) 11 is activated without power supply and detects the vibration of the structure or the like to be detected. Vibration waveform data is acquired, and an output signal corresponding to the vibration is output to the control means 13 (vibration detection (step S20)). Next, the control means 13 determines whether or not the output signal (Sig) from the first vibration detection means 11 exceeds a threshold value (Th) (startup determination step (step S30)). Here, the case where Sig> Th is determined as “Yes”, and the case where Sig ≦ Th is determined as “No”. When it determines with "No", it returns to step S10. On the other hand, if “Yes” is determined, the second vibration detection means (high-precision vibration sensor) 12 is activated (step S40), and the activated second vibration detection means 12 detects vibration. If it is performed (vibration detection step (step S50)) and vibration is detected (Yes), the result is output (step S60). At this time, in FIG. 3, the first vibration detection unit 11 is started without power supply at the time of rising of the Sig (t ₀ ). The output signal from the first vibration detection unit 11 was started (Sig) is, when it is determined that exceeds Th, at time t _1, the second vibration detection unit 12 is activated. The activated second vibration detecting means 12 detects vibration and outputs a signal waveform (t ₁ to t ₂ ). As t ₂ later in FIG. 3, and the like movement of the detection target is stopped, if the interrupted input signals to the second vibration detection unit 12, again shifts to the standby state (step S10). The transition to the standby state S10 can also be performed after standby determination for a certain time.

  As described above, according to the method, power consumption is extremely low in the standby state, and the occurrence of an event to be detected can be detected without omission, and further, for example, can be accurately detected.

  In addition, as shown in FIG. 4, the vibration detection apparatus of the present invention further rectifies the output voltage waveform of the first vibration detection means 11 and adjusts the level, and the second vibration detection means 12. May be provided with a signal amplification circuit 45 for amplifying the output signal and an A / D converter (ADC) 46 for converting an analog signal into a digital signal. Further, the vibration data detected by the second vibration detecting means 12 can be transmitted to the server 47 and the server 47 can perform the analysis and determination. In this case, the transmission to the server 47 can be performed by wireless communication or wired communication. FIG. 4A is a schematic configuration diagram of an example of a vibration detection device when the transmission is performed by wireless communication, and FIG. 4B is a diagram of the vibration detection device when the transmission is performed by wired communication. It is a schematic block diagram of an example. When performing transmission by wireless communication, for example, in the vibration detection apparatus 400A, a wireless circuit (RF) 48 is connected to the control means 13, and the data is transmitted from the RF 48 via an antenna or the like (not shown). To the base station 49. The data is transmitted from the base station 49 to the server 47 by wired communication or wireless communication. When performing transmission by wired communication, for example, in the vibration detection apparatus 400B, the network interface 50 is connected to the control means 13, and the data is transmitted to the server 47 via the network interface 50 by wired communication.

  The first vibration detection unit 11 and the second vibration detection unit 12 may detect the same or different directions of vibration. Depending on the event to be detected, the direction of the vibration to be triggered may be different from the direction of the vibration to be detected. For example, when it is desired to detect the opening / closing of a door, the trigger may be a key operation, and the vibration to be detected may be a vibration accompanying opening / closing of the door. In this case, the direction of vibration may not be the same between the key operation and the door opening / closing vibration.

  Further, the first vibration detection unit 11 and the second vibration detection unit 12 may be disposed adjacent to each other or may be disposed apart from each other. The said arrangement | positioning can be suitably determined according to the positional relationship of the vibration used as a trigger and the vibration to detect. When the two vibration detection means are installed close to each other or arranged side by side, for example, if both vibration detection means are installed in the key part of the door, the key or the door is broken and the room is normal. It is possible to detect and judge whether it is a proper action (unlocking, door opening / closing). On the other hand, when installing at different positions, for example, if the trigger sensor is installed on the door and the high-precision sensor is installed on the floor, it will detect the movement and actions after the person opens the door and enters the room. can do.

  When the first vibration detection unit 11 and the second vibration detection unit 12 are arranged apart from each other, the transmission of the trigger signal from the first vibration detection unit 11 may be wired or wireless. Good. At this time, when the first vibration detection unit 11 generates electric power in response to the vibration, the trigger signal can be transmitted wirelessly using the electric power generated by the first vibration detection unit 11.

  The vibration detection apparatus of the present invention can be used by being housed in a housing. The casing may be provided with at least two steps, and the second vibration detection unit 12 may be disposed on one stage, and the first vibration detection unit 11 may be disposed on the other stage. With such a structure, it can be stored compactly in the housing. A conventionally well-known thing can be used for the said housing | casing, for example. Specifically, for example, the form in which the both vibration detection means are arranged and accommodated in the casing in the vertical direction of the casing, and the both vibration detection means are arranged in the casing, the casing. In this case, it is possible to arrange and store them side by side in the horizontal direction.

  As a form in which the both vibration detection means are arranged and accommodated in the casing in the vertical direction of the casing, for example, there are vibration detection devices shown in FIGS. 6 (a) and 6 (b). . FIG. 6A and FIG. 6B are side views schematically showing the vibration detection device of this embodiment. As shown in FIG. 6 (a), the vibration detection apparatus of this embodiment includes a first vibration detection means 11 including a piezoelectric ceramic 61a and a metal plate 61b, and a second vibration detection including a piezoelectric ceramic 62a and a metal plate 62b. Means 12, control means (not shown), and housing 60 are included as main components. The casing 60 is provided with two steps in the vertical direction of the casing 60. The first vibration detecting means 11 is arranged on the bottom side of the housing 60 with one end thereof supported. Such an arrangement state is referred to as a cantilever structure, for example. The second vibration detecting means 12 is arranged on the step on the lid 60a side of the housing 60 in a state where both ends thereof are supported. Such an arrangement state is called, for example, a double-supported beam structure. In the vibration detection device shown in FIG. 6B, the second vibration detection means 12 is arranged in a double-supported beam structure on the bottom side of the housing 60, and the second vibration detection means 12 is arranged on the lid 60 a side of the housing 60. Except that one vibration detection means 11 is arranged in a cantilever structure, it has the same configuration as the vibration detection apparatus shown in FIG.

  For example, a vibration detection apparatus shown in FIG. 6C is an example of a configuration in which the both vibration detection means are arranged and accommodated in the casing in the horizontal direction of the casing. FIG. 6C is a top view schematically showing the vibration detection device of this embodiment, and shows a state where the lid 60a is removed. The vibration detection device of this embodiment is provided with two stages in the horizontal direction of the housing 60, the first vibration detection means 11 is arranged in a cantilever structure on one stage, and the other stage has Except that the 2nd vibration detection means 12 is arrange | positioned by the double-supported beam structure, it has the structure similar to the vibration detection apparatus shown to Fig.6 (a).

(Embodiment 2)
The vibration detection apparatus of the present invention can be used as an intrusion detection apparatus for a building, for example. When applied to intrusion detection, the installation location of the vibration detection means of the vibration detection device may be, for example, a window frame, glass, door, floor surface, pillar, or the like. The first vibration detection means detects initial vibrations such as unlocking and twisting sounds associated with the intruding action to obtain vibration waveform data, and outputs an output signal corresponding to the vibrations to the control means. Output. When the output signal exceeds a threshold value, the second vibration detection means is activated. And the presence or absence of intrusion can be detected by detecting the vibration in the second vibration detecting means.

(Embodiment 3)
The vibration detection device of the present invention can be used as a water leakage detection device, for example. When applied to water leakage detection, the vibration detection device detects vibrations of water pipes such as intake pipes, water conduits, water distribution pipes, water supply pipes, and the like. The installation location of the vibration detection means of the vibration detection device may be, for example, a water pipe such as a water intake pipe, a water conduit, a water distribution pipe, a water supply pipe, a manhole, a fire hydrant, a water stop valve, or the like. For example, it is assumed that an abnormality has occurred in the water conduit, and abnormal vibration or abnormal sound has occurred due to water leakage. In this case, the first vibration detection means detects vibration when the pump is turned on, acquires vibration waveform data, and outputs an output signal corresponding to the vibration to the control means. When the output signal exceeds a threshold value, the second vibration detection means is activated. Then, the second vibration detecting means detects vibration. For example, abnormalities in the conduit can be detected by acquiring data in a normal state in advance and comparing the analysis result with data in a normal state. For water pipes other than the water conduit, for example, an abnormality can be detected in the same manner as the water conduit.

[Example 1]
Hereinafter, evaluation results of vibration detection using the vibration detection apparatus 500 manufactured based on the first embodiment will be described. A schematic diagram of the configuration of the manufactured vibration detection apparatus 500 is shown in FIG. Low power consumption type generally used for voltage adjustment circuit 44, signal amplification circuit 45, A / D converter (ADC) 46, control means (controller) 13, battery 51, radio circuit (RF) 48, and antenna 52 A thing was used. The voltage threshold necessary for starting the control unit 13 in the standby state is set to ½ of the supply voltage to the control unit 13. The high-accuracy vibration sensor (second vibration detection means) 12 is a small, high-sensitivity, wide-frequency band type that has a built-in signal amplification circuit 45. The trigger vibration sensor (first vibration detection means) 11 is a cantilever-type flexural piezoelectric vibration sensor, and the housing dimensions are 8 mm in length, 8 mm in width, and 2 mm in thickness. Size. When the excitation frequency was changed using an electrodynamic exciter and the output voltage per excitation acceleration of 1.0 m / s ^{2 of the} vibration sensor for trigger 11 was measured, the maximum was obtained at a self-resonant frequency of about 1 kHz. The voltage sensitivity was shown, and the generated voltage during operation was large enough to activate the control means 13 in the standby state.

  Using the manufactured vibration detection apparatus 500, human behavior detection was evaluated. In the evaluation, as a representative example of human behavior, entering and exiting a room through a door was set as an event to be detected. The vibration detection device 500 is installed on a door of a type used in a general house, and the vibration state of the door is monitored, the average power consumption during the operation of the vibration detection device 500, and the event detection capability when the detection target event occurs (Presence / absence of detection omission) and presence / absence (accuracy) of false detection were evaluated.

  Further, a vibration detection apparatus 600A (see FIG. 7A) that performs the same control as the technique described in Patent Document 1, and a vibration detection apparatus 600B that performs the same control as the technique described in Patent Document 2 (see FIG. 7A). FIG. 7B was prepared and compared with the result of the vibration detection apparatus 500.

(Evaluation results)
Table 1 shows the evaluation results. The average power consumption of each vibration detection device indicates a value normalized with reference to the vibration detection device 600A.
The vibration detection device 500 of the present invention consumes less power than the vibration detection device 600A (Patent Document 1) in which one of the two vibration sensors always moves. Further, the vibration detection apparatus 500 of the present invention has a high event detection capability when an event occurs, can detect all events (detection rate 100%), and accurately detects (discriminates) all events. On the other hand, for example, when the vibration detection device 600B (Patent Document 2) is operated intermittently once per minute for 10 seconds, the power consumption is suppressed to about one fifth of that of the vibration detection device 600A. However, depending on the timing of the event occurrence, human behavior may not be detected at all, the event detectability at the time of the event occurrence is low and there is a detection failure, and the event may be erroneously detected (misidentified).

  The vibration detection apparatus 500 of the present invention can detect the vibration at the initial stage of event occurrence by the trigger vibration sensor 11, and the control means 13 is activated by the output voltage of the trigger vibration sensor 11, and the high-precision vibration sensor 12 In addition, the subsequent signal processing was appropriately performed. From the above results, the vibration detection device of the present invention has high event detection capability when an event occurs, and can accurately detect the event that has occurred, reducing the power consumption of the entire system including signal transmission and information processing processes. You can see that it was realized.

  Although the present invention has been described with reference to the exemplary embodiments and examples, the present invention is not limited to the above exemplary embodiments and examples. Various changes that can be understood by those skilled in the art can be made to the configuration and details of the present invention within the scope of the present invention.

  This application claims the priority on the basis of Japanese application Japanese Patent Application No. 2012-174310 for which it applied on August 6, 2012, and takes in those the indications of all here.

  The vibration detection device of the present invention can be applied to crime prevention applications such as water leakage detection and intrusion detection, but the application of the present invention is not limited to this, for example, water leakage or water pipes in water pipe systems of social infrastructure projects Detecting destruction of buildings, detecting deterioration of structures such as buildings or residences, detecting oil leaks or pipeline breaks in oil pipeline systems, detecting gas leaks or pipeline breaks in gas pipelines, detecting abnormalities in general equipment such as motors, It can be applied to inspection at the time of product shipment, and its use is not limited and is wide.

100, 400A, 400B, 500 Vibration detection device 11 First vibration detection means (vibration sensor for trigger)
12 Second vibration detection means (high precision vibration sensor)
13 Control means 44 Voltage adjustment circuit 45 Signal amplification circuit 46 A / D converter (ADC)
47 Server 48 Radio circuit (RF)
49 Base station 50 Network interface 51 Battery 52 Antenna 60 Case 60a Lid 61a, 62a Piezoelectric ceramic 61b, 62b Metal plate 600A Vibration detection device (vibration detection device that performs control similar to the technique described in Patent Document 1)
600B vibration detection device (vibration detection device that performs control similar to the technique described in Patent Document 2)

Claims (10)

Including first vibration detection means, second vibration detection means, and control means,
The first vibration detection unit operates without power supply and outputs an output signal corresponding to the vibration to the control unit.
The said control means is a vibration detection apparatus which starts operation | movement of a said 2nd vibration detection means, when the output signal from said 1st vibration detection means exceeds the preset threshold value. The first vibration detecting means generates electric power according to the vibration,
The vibration detection apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the output signal is output to the control unit using the generated electric power. The vibration detection apparatus according to claim 1, wherein in the control unit, the threshold value is a preset voltage. The vibration detection apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the first vibration detection unit is a piezoelectric vibration sensor. The vibration detection apparatus according to claim 4, wherein the piezoelectric vibration sensor is a piezoelectric vibration sensor that supports a holding plate provided with a piezoelectric element by a single support portion. The vibration detection apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein a vibration direction detected by the second vibration detection unit is different from a vibration direction detected by the first vibration detection unit. The vibration detection apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the first vibration detection unit outputs the output signal to the control unit wirelessly. The vibration detection apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the second vibration detection unit is activated by the first vibration detection unit, and an abnormality is detected by the second vibration detection unit. Anomaly detection device. The vibration detection apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the second vibration detection unit is activated by the first vibration detection unit, and an intrusion is detected by the second vibration detection unit. Intrusion detection device. The vibration detection apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the second vibration detection unit is activated by the first vibration detection unit, and leakage is detected by the second vibration detection unit. Leak detection device.

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