JPWO2013129347A1 - Fiber structure - Google Patents

Abstract

A fabric having a ground structure to which a hygroscopic polymer is fixed not only generates heat under a hygroscopic condition but also lowers the temperature under a dehumidifying condition, thereby providing a fabric that feels more comfortable for humans. A fiber structure in which a hygroscopic polymer is fixed to the fibers of the fabric, and the fiber density of the surface layer on the front side and the back layer on the back side are different with the center line of the cross section of the fiber structure as a boundary.

Description

  The present invention relates to a fiber structure whose temperature changes due to moisture absorption and desorption.

Conventionally, a fabric having heat retention and exothermicity has been proposed by fixing a hygroscopic polymer to the fabric to generate heat by absorbing moisture.
For example, Patent Document 1 uses a knitted fabric having a function of adsorbing a lot of water using a synthetic fiber multifilament having a single fiber fineness larger than that of a layer opposite to the skin surface on the skin surface side.

Further, Patent Document 2 proposes an interior material that is a sheet-like structure to which fine particles having high hygroscopicity are fixed, and the temperature rise due to moisture absorption is 3 ° C. or more.
On the other hand, the temperature drop due to the release of water vapor by the fabric, the structure of the woven fabric and the structure of the knitted fabric that easily release water vapor have not been studied.

  On the other hand, in the field of automobiles, with the spread of electric cars and hybrid cars, there is a desire to increase the travel distance and fuel consumption by suppressing power consumption during use. In order to achieve such a power saving purpose, it is conceivable to raise the air conditioner set temperature in summer. Therefore, in order to eliminate the uncomfortable feeling caused by raising the air-conditioner set temperature, there has been a desire to provide the automobile interior material with a function of lowering the temperature. However, the fiber structure using the conventional hygroscopic material has an insufficient temperature drop effect.

JP 2002-327316 A JP 2003-96672 A

  This invention makes it a subject to provide the fiber structure which can change the surface temperature of a fabric further greatly by moisture absorption or moisture release.

In order to solve the above problems, the present invention employs the following means.
In order to solve the above problems, the present invention adopts the following configuration.
[1] A fiber structure in which a hygroscopic polymer is fixed to a fiber of a fabric, and the fiber density of the surface layer on the front side and the back layer on the back side are different with the center line of the cross section of the fiber structure as a boundary. A fibrous structure characterized by having
[2] The fiber structure according to [1], wherein the fabric has a form of a woven fabric or a knitted fabric, and the ground texture of the fabric is on the back layer side.
[3] A polymer of at least one monomer selected from sodium amide-2-propanesulfonate, sodium styrenesulfonate, sodium isoprenesulfonate, sodium allylsulfonate, sodium methallylsulfonate, or a hygroscopic polymer The fiber structure according to [1] or [2], wherein the fiber structure is a copolymer of one or more monomers and a monomer other than the above.
[4] The fiber structure according to any one of [1] to [3], wherein the hygroscopic polymer is fixed to the fabric in an amount of 4 to 20% by mass.
[5] The fiber structure according to any one of [1] to [4], wherein the fiber structure is cut in a direction perpendicular to the weaving or knitting direction, with the center line of the cross section as a boundary When the number of fiber cross sections included in the surface layer on the front side and the back layer on the back side is calculated, the numerical value (fiber cross section ratio) obtained by dividing the number of fiber cross sections in the back layer by the number of fiber cross sections in the surface layer is 2-10. The fiber structure characterized by being in the range of
[6] The fiber structure according to any one of [1] to [5], wherein the fabric structure is selected from the following groups a to c.
Group a: warp knitted fabric manufactured from a knitting machine having two or more ridges, and the structure of the back layer is a two-needle or three-needle swing structure b group: a weft knitted fabric knitted by a double-sided knitting machine The surface layer structure is a handle structure. Group c: Pile fabric having a ground structure. [7] A vehicle interior material having the fiber structure according to any one of [1] to [6].

  ADVANTAGE OF THE INVENTION According to this invention, the fiber structure which has the form of the textile fabric or knitted fabric from which a fabric changes temperature largely by moisture absorption or moisture release is provided.

1 is a cross-sectional photograph of the fiber structure of Example 1. FIG. FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional photograph of the fiber structure of Example 2. FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional photograph of the fiber structure of Example 3. 4 is a cross-sectional photograph of the fiber structure of Comparative Example 1. FIG. FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional photograph of the fiber structure of Comparative Example 2.

First, the fabric of the present invention will be described. The fabric of the present invention is preferably in the form of a nonwoven fabric, a woven fabric, or a knitted fabric, but is preferably in the form of a woven fabric or a knitted fabric.
The back layer preferably has a ground texture that affects physical properties such as tensile strength and tear strength of the fabric. In this case, the surface layer generally gives a comfortable texture, touch, appearance and the like of the fabric.

  In the fiber structure of the present invention, the fiber density of the surface layer on the front surface side and the back layer on the back surface side are different with the center line of the cross section of the fiber structure as a boundary.

  The ground texture is a texture that largely governs physical properties such as tensile strength and tear strength of the fabric, unlike pile and pattern textures in woven fabrics and knitted fabrics. If it is a warp knitted fabric manufactured by two or more wrinkles, it has a 2-needle or 3-needle swing structure. In the case of a weft knitted fabric, it is an organization knitted by a double-sided knitting machine. In the case of a woven fabric, it is a structure for fixing a pile in a woven fabric having a pile such as a moquette pile woven fabric. In the present invention, the ground tissue is used as the back layer on the skin surface side, and the portion having a high fiber density is used as the back layer of the fabric. As a result, when the hygroscopic polymer is fixed to the fabric, the hygroscopic polymer or the liquid containing the hygroscopic polymer raw material is impregnated between the fibers by capillary action. Many can be fixed.

  The fibers constituting the back layer preferably have a total fineness in the range of 30 to 500 dtex. When the total fineness is less than 30 dtex, the mechanical strength of the ground structure is lowered, and thread breakage may occur when it is actually used as a vehicle interior material, for example, a sheet fabric. On the other hand, if the total fineness is larger than 500 dtex, the amount of fibers per unit volume on the back layer side becomes too large, so that when the hygroscopic polymer is fixed to the fabric, the texture of the entire fabric tends to be hard. The single fiber fineness is preferably 0.8 to 5 dtex.

  The strength of the fiber used for the back layer is preferably 2.0 cN / dtex or more, more preferably 2.5 cN / dtex or more. In order to fix an appropriate amount of the hygroscopic polymer, the single fiber fineness is 0.5 to 5.0 dtex, more preferably 0.8 dtex or more, and further 5.0 dtex or less. As the form of these fibers, multifilament and spun yarn are suitable.

  As one aspect of the present invention, when the fiber structure is cut in a direction perpendicular to the weaving or knitting direction, the surface layer (non-skin surface side) and the back surface side (skin) on the surface side (non-skin surface side) with the center line of the cross section as the boundary When the number of fiber cross-sections included in the back layer, which is the surface side, is calculated, the value obtained by dividing the number of fiber cross-sections in the back layer by the number of fiber cross-sections in the surface layer (fiber cross-section number ratio) is in the range of 2 to 10. Is preferred. A more preferable range of the fiber cross-section number ratio is 2.5 or more, further 3.0 or more, and on the other hand, a range of 9.5 or less, further 9.0 or less.

A method for calculating the fiber cross-section number ratio will be described with reference to FIGS.
1 to 5 are cross-sectional photographs of the fibrous structure cut in a direction perpendicular to the weaving or knitting direction. In the range from the center line 1 to the back surface 3 and from the center line 1 to the back surface 3 which is divided into two on the front surface 2 side and the back surface 3 side with respect to the center line 1 of the cross section of the fiber structure The number of fibers contained in each back layer is counted, and the number of fibers is defined as the number of fiber cross sections.

  When the fiber cross-section number ratio is in the range of 2 to 10, the relative humidity of the environment is decreased, and the temperature of the fiber structure is greatly decreased from the environmental temperature. The inventor considers this reason as follows.

  When the hygroscopic polymer is fixed to the fabric, the greater the number of fibers present in the unit volume, the more hygroscopic polymer is fixed between the fibers. Therefore, if the number of fiber cross sections of the back layer is larger than the number of fiber cross sections of the surface layer, the hygroscopic polymer is present in the back layer more than the surface layer. Since the back layer contains more hygroscopic polymer, more water vapor is released from the back layer. The water vapor released from the hygroscopic polymer of the back layer is also released from the hail surface of the back layer, but also passes between the fibers of the fabric. Since the surface layer has fewer fibers and more space than the back layer, water vapor easily passes through, and water vapor is likely to be released from the surface of the surface layer to the atmosphere. Water vapor reaching the surface layer from the back layer is released to the atmosphere from the surface of the surface layer. As a result, the humidity in the fabric is lowered, and the temperature of the fabric is further lowered by the heat of vaporization of water vapor released to the atmosphere.

  When the fiber cross-section number ratio is close to 1, the surface layer polymer and the back layer polymer fixed to the fabric have the same degree. Therefore, the difference in the amount of water vapor released between the back layer and the surface layer is reduced, and the difference in the space volume that is the water vapor passage between the back layer and the surface layer is also reduced, so that the water vapor released from the back layer is vaporized from the top surface of the surface layer. It becomes difficult. Furthermore, since the water vapor supplied from the back layer is absorbed by the polymer in the surface layer, the temperature of the fabric is unlikely to decrease.

  On the other hand, if the fiber cross-section number ratio is too large, there is a disadvantage that the heat of vaporization released to the atmosphere through the surface layer is reduced and the temperature of the fabric is difficult to decrease. For the reasons described above, the ratio of the number of fiber cross sections (the number of fiber cross sections of the back layer / the number of fiber cross sections of the surface layer) is preferably 2 to 10. A more preferable range of the fiber cross-section number ratio is 2.5 or more, further 3.0 or more, and on the other hand, a range of 9.5 or less, further 9.0 or less.

As an aspect of the fiber structure of the present invention, one of the structures is selected from the following groups a to c. Also in this fiber structure, the fiber density of the surface layer on the front surface side and the back layer on the back surface side are different with the center line of the cross section of the fiber structure as a boundary.
Group a: A warp knitted fabric manufactured from a knitting machine having two or more wrinkles, and the structure as the back layer is a 2-needle or 3-needle swing structure.
Group b: a weft knitted fabric knitted by a double-sided knitting machine, and the surface layer is a patterned structure.
Group c: Pile fabric having a ground texture.

  This fiber structure also preferably has a fiber cross section number ratio of 2 to 10, and a more preferable range of the fiber cross section number ratio is 2.5 or more, further 3.0 or more, while 9.5 or less, Furthermore, it is the range of 9.0 or less. This fiber structure also has a temperature lower than the environmental temperature due to a decrease in the relative humidity of the environment. The reason for this is the same as described above.

  The group a is a warp knitted fabric manufactured from a knitting machine having two or more ridges, and the back layer serving as the ground structure is preferably a 2-needle or 3-needle swing structure. The ground tissue is exemplified by 1-0 / 2-3, 2-3 / 1-0, 0-1 / 3-2, 3-2 / 0-1 and the like as the two-needle swinging tissue. Examples of the three-needle swing structure include 1-0 / 3-4, 3-4 / 1-0, 0-1 / 4-3, 0-1 / 3-4, and the like. The ground organization may be a combination with other organizations as long as it contains at least one of these organizations. Further, the surface layer constituting the group a may be a 1-to-3 needle swing structure, an atlas structure, or another changed structure, and a thread-removed structure that does not pass through all the needles is also preferable.

  Group b is a weft knitted fabric knitted by a double-sided knitting machine, and the structure that becomes the surface layer is the pattern structure. The ground structure constituting the back layer is a dense structure such as a flat knitting or a rubber knitting structure, and a weft knitted fabric having a pattern structure which is a slightly sparse structure as the surface layer is preferable.

  The group c is preferably a moquette pile fabric using a rayon fiber as a ground fabric or a double velvet fabric as a pile fabric having a ground texture.

  The fiber structure of the present invention starts to use an air conditioner in an atmosphere of 80% relative humidity at 40 ° C., assuming the interior of a car in summer, and within 10 minutes from the atmospheric conditions, warms to an atmosphere of 70% relative humidity at 35 ° C. The surface temperature drop of the fabric when the humidity condition is changed is preferably 1.5 ° C to 4 ° C. When the temperature and humidity conditions are changed within 10 minutes from an atmosphere having a relative humidity of 80% at 40 ° C. to an atmosphere having a relative humidity of 35% at 35 ° C., the fiber structure to which the hygroscopic polymer of the present invention is fixed is hygroscopic. The surface temperature is preferably 1.5 ° C. to 4.0 ° C. lower than the fiber structure in which the conductive polymer is not fixed, and the lower limit is preferably 1.7 ° C. or higher and 1.9 ° C. or higher.

  From the viewpoint of hygroscopicity, the hygroscopic polymer fixed to the fibers of the fabric of the present invention is changed from an atmospheric condition of 65% relative humidity at 20 ° C. to an atmospheric condition of 90% relative humidity at 30 ° C. The degree of increase in mass due to moisture absorption (hereinafter referred to as moisture absorption rate) is preferably 10 to 75%, more preferably 15% or more, and even more preferably 20% or more. On the other hand, it is preferably 70% or less, and more preferably 65% or less. The hygroscopic polymer satisfying such hygroscopicity is selected from monomers having a vinyl group having a sulfo group, a carboxyl group, a hydroxyl group, an amide group, or an alkali metal salt (preferably a sodium salt) thereof as a functional group. It is preferable that it is a polymer or a copolymer containing at least one monomer. For example, poly (sodium amide-2-propanesulfonate), sodium polystyrenesulfonate, sodium polyisoprenesulfonate, sodium polyallylsulfonate, sodium polymethallylsulfonate, and the like are preferable as the polymer having a sulfo group. As the polymer having a carboxyl group, sodium polyacrylate is preferred. As the polymer having a hydroxyl group, polyethylene glycol, polyvinyl alcohol and the like are preferable. As the polymer having an amide group, poly-N-methylolacrylamide, polyacrylamide and the like are preferable. Among such hygroscopic monomers, sodium 2-acrylamido-2-methylsulfonate is particularly preferable from the viewpoint of high hygroscopicity.

Furthermore, a copolymer in which another monomer unit is contained in the polymer can also be used.
Moreover, in this invention, in order to improve the adhesiveness to the fiber of a hygroscopic polymer, it is preferable to make a hygroscopic polymer have a crosslinked structure using a crosslinking agent. Examples of the crosslinking agent include polyfunctional epoxy compounds, polyfunctional isocyanate compounds, urea resins, melamine resins, and compounds having at least two polymerizable double bonds.

  Examples of the compound having a polymerizable double bond include compounds in which (meth) acrylic acid is esterified to the terminal hydroxyl group of polyethylene glycol (for example, the number average repeating degree of 250). For example, the average repetition frequency of ethylene oxide is 9 to 23, and two methacrylic acids esterified can be used.

  Furthermore, it can superpose | polymerize on the fiber which comprises a fabric and a hygroscopic polymer can be obtained. The fiber constituting the fabric can be impregnated with a monomer that becomes a hygroscopic polymer and, if necessary, a polymerization initiator. If necessary, a crosslinking agent can also be included. Examples of the polymerization initiator include inorganic polymerization initiators such as ammonium persulfate, potassium persulfate, and hydrogen peroxide, 2,2′-azobis (2-amidinopropane) dihydrochloride, 2,2′- Organic polymerization initiators such as azobis (N, N-dimethyleneisobutyramide) dihydrochloride, 2- (carbamoylazo) isobutyronitrile are preferably used.

  For the method of fixing the hygroscopic polymer to the fiber, a treatment liquid containing a monomer, a crosslinking agent (if necessary), a polymerization initiator (if necessary) and a solvent or a dispersion medium was applied to the fiber by a padding method. Then, heat and dry. Subsequently, the monomer and the like are polymerized by being placed in a high temperature state such as steam application, and the resulting hygroscopic polymer is fixed to the fiber surface. Also, the method of impregnating the fabric with a polymer solution such as sodium polyacrylamido-2-propanesulfonate, sodium styrenesulfonate, sodium isoprenesulfonate, sodium allylsulfonate, sodium methallylsulfonate, and drying is hygroscopic. It is exemplified as a method for fixing the polymer to the fiber.

  When the concentration of the treatment liquid in the padding method is based on a polymerization reaction, the concentration of a monomer that becomes a hygroscopic polymer is preferably 20 to 150 g / L. When a crosslinking agent is used in the polymerization, the concentration is preferably 20 to 150 g / L. Moreover, when using a polymerization initiator, the density | concentration has preferable 1-10 g / L, More preferably, it is 3 g / L or more, More preferably, it is 5 g / L or more.

  In the case of treatment with a hygroscopic polymer solution, a concentration of 20 to 150 g / L is preferred. Whether the polymerization is performed or the polymer solution is used, if the concentration is low, the amount of the hygroscopic polymer fixed becomes low and the cooling performance is lowered. If the concentration is high, the amount of the hygroscopic polymer fixed is too high, and the texture of the fiber structure becomes hard.

  For heat treatment, in order to maintain the activity of the polymerization initiator, it is preferable to use a normal pressure steamer or a high pressure steamer, and the steam treatment temperature is preferably 80 ° C to 170 ° C.

  The heat treatment time is arbitrary, but it is preferable to treat for 5 to 15 minutes. More preferably, it is 6-15 minutes, More preferably, it is 7-15 minutes. The steam pressure is arbitrary, but is preferably in the range of 0.09 to 0.50 MPa in order to promote polymerization.

  As a processing method for fixing the hygroscopic polymer to the fibers of the fabric, it is preferable to fix the hygroscopic polymer by a padding method, a spray method, a roll coating method, or the like. preferable.

  The fixing rate of the hygroscopic polymer fixed to the fibers of the fabric is preferably in the range of 4 to 20% by mass with respect to the fabric. When it is less than 4% by mass, sufficient moisture absorption performance cannot be obtained, and as a result, a large temperature change cannot be obtained. On the other hand, when it is more than 20% by mass, an impression that the texture is hard is given. The adhesion rate of the hygroscopic polymer to the fabric fiber is more preferably in the range of 5 to 18% by mass.

  As the fibers constituting the fabric of the present invention, for example, synthetic fibers such as polyester fibers and polyamide fibers, natural fibers such as cotton, rayon, and the like can be used alone or in combination of two or more. Furthermore, from the viewpoint of reducing the amount of petroleum resources used, biomass fibers such as polyethylene terephthalate fibers, polytrimethylene terephthalate fibers, polyamide fibers, and other polylactic acid fibers using plant-derived raw materials are preferably used. In particular, since polytrimethylene terephthalate fiber has a low Young's modulus, it has a good texture, hand feeling, and sitting comfort and is preferably used. The polylactic acid fiber is preferably a fiber that can be produced from 100% plant as a raw material and can contribute most to the reduction of the use of petroleum resources.

  As the form of the fibers, multifilaments, spun yarns and the like are used, but multifilaments are preferable when fabric strength and abrasion resistance are required. The preferred total fineness and single fiber fineness of the biomass fiber are as described in the above paragraph [0013].

  In addition, the above-mentioned fibers include dulling agents such as titanium oxide powder, dyes, pigments, flame retardants, hygroscopic agents, heat stabilizers, ultraviolet absorbers, antibacterial agents, fungicides, as long as the effects of the present invention are not impaired. An agent, a deodorant, etc. may be included.

  The light fastness of the fiber structure of the present invention is preferably quaternary or higher. After irradiating with a fade meter at 83 ° C. for 200 hours, if the level is lower than the fourth grade as judged by the gray scale for color fading, problems such as fading occur when used as a car seat.

  The fiber structure of the present invention is preferably used for vehicular interior materials, in addition to being used for apparel such as underwear, sports apparel, and shirts, and interior items such as chair upholstery. As a particularly preferable application, it is a vehicle interior material application, and particularly as a vehicle application, it is a seat. When used for a seat, it is preferable for a main material, a gusset part, a back part, a headrest, a seat cover, a headrest cover, etc. Can be used.

  Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in more detail with reference to examples. The present invention is not limited to the following examples, and various changes and modifications can be made without departing from the technical scope of the present invention. In addition, each evaluation in the following examples and comparative examples was calculated | required with the following method.

[Measuring method]
(1) Tensile strength (cN / dtex) and elongation (%)
Tensile strength (cN / dtex) of yarn using TENSILON (registered trademark) UCT-100 manufactured by Orientec Co., Ltd. according to the constant speed elongation conditions shown in JIS L 1013 (8.5.1) (2010). ) And elongation (%). At this time, with a sample length of 200 mm and a tensile speed of 200 m / min, the tensile strength is obtained by dividing the strength of the point showing the maximum strength in the stress-strain curve by the total fineness, and the elongation is the maximum strength in the stress-strain curve. It was calculated | required from the elongation of the point which showed.

(2) Weight per unit (g / m ² )
The mass (g / m ² ) per unit area of the fabric was determined by the method defined in JIS L 1096 (8.4.2) (2010).

(3) Adhesion rate of hygroscopic polymer A 30 cm x 30 cm square specimen was cut from a fabric not adhering to the hygroscopic polymer, the temperature was set to 24 ° C, and the relative humidity was set to 60%. The fabric weight (g) before processing (before hygroscopic polymer fixation) was measured for 24 hours. Thereafter, the weight (g) of the fabric after processing to which the hygroscopic polymer was fixed was also measured under the same constant temperature and humidity conditions as the pre-processing fabric, and the fixing rate of the hygroscopic polymer was calculated according to the following formula.
Adhesion rate of hygroscopic polymer (%) = [fabric weight after processing (g) −fabric weight before processing (g)] / fabric weight before processing (g) × 100

(4) Moisture absorption rate of fabric (%)
About 1.0 g of a sample was taken from the fabric before processing (before fixing the hygroscopic polymer), and the sample was dried in a hot air dryer at 105 ° C. for 24 hours, and the weight was measured (W1). Next, the weight of the sample was measured after placing the sample in a constant temperature and humidity chamber adjusted to a relative humidity of 65% at 20 ° C. for 24 hours. (W2). Further, the weight of the sample after being placed in a thermo-hygrostat adjusted at 30 ° C. and 90% relative humidity for 24 hours was measured (W3). From the above measurement results, the moisture absorption rate of the fabric was calculated by the following formula.
Hygroscopicity of fabric (%) = [(W3-W1) / W1- (W2-W1) / W1] × 100

(5) Moisture absorption rate of hygroscopic polymer For fabric after processing (after hygroscopic polymer fixation), the moisture absorption rate of the fabric after processing was calculated from W1, W2 and W3 in the same manner as the conditions described in paragraph [0047]. . Based on the moisture absorption rate of the fabric after processing, the moisture absorption rate of the fabric before processing calculated in paragraph [0047], and the sticking rate of the hygroscopic polymer calculated in paragraph [0046], the hygroscopic polymer is expressed by the following equation: The moisture absorption rate was calculated.
Moisture absorption rate (%) of hygroscopic polymer = (fabric moisture absorption rate after processing−fabric moisture absorption rate before processing) × 100 / hygroscopic polymer fixing rate

(6) Ratio of fiber cross-sections Cut in the direction perpendicular to the weaving or knitting direction of the fabric. After metallization was performed on the cut measurement sample using a Hitachi metal vapor deposition device (trade name E1010), the sample was mounted on a Hitachi scanning electron microscope (trade name S-3500), and 30 times to Photographs were taken at a magnification of 100 times. As shown in FIGS. 1 to 5, the micrograph is divided into two on the front surface 2 side and the back surface 3 side with respect to the center line 1, and the surface layer and the center line that range from the center line 1 to the front surface 2. The number of fibers contained in each of the back layers in the range from 1 to the back surface 3 was counted, and the number of fibers was defined as the number of fiber cross sections. The formula for calculating the fiber cross-section number ratio is shown below.
Fiber cross-section ratio = (number of cross-section fibers in the back layer) / (number of cross-section fibers in the surface layer)

(7) Lowering of surface temperature of fabric A square specimen of 25 cm × 25 cm is cut off from the fabric (A) to which the hygroscopic polymer is fixed and the fabric (B) before the hygroscopic polymer is fixed, and the temperature is 40 It was suspended in a constant temperature and humidity room set at 80 ° C. and a relative humidity of 80%, and left to stand for 3 hours. Thereafter, the temperature and humidity setting conditions of the constant temperature and humidity chamber were changed to 35% at 35 ° C., and the temperature and humidity display of the constant temperature and humidity chamber reached 35% at 70 ° C. and the relative humidity was fixed to the constant temperature and humidity chamber. The surface temperatures of the fabric (A) and the fabric (B) were measured with a thermography camera (manufactured by NEC AVIO Infrared Technology Co., Ltd., model number: TH7102MX). The amount of surface temperature drop of the fabric was calculated by the following equation.
Fabric surface temperature drop = (B) surface temperature− (A) surface temperature

(8) Coolness at the time of sitting The fabric of the present invention is laminated to a car seat so that a person touches the surface, and the car seat is placed in a constant temperature and humidity room set at 40 ° C. and assuming a relative humidity of 80% assuming a car interior in summer. After installing the subject and sitting on the car seat for 5 minutes, the temperature and humidity setting conditions were changed to a relative humidity of 40% at 25 ° C., and the coolness of the seat surface after sitting for 3 minutes was subjected to sensory evaluation. Ten people who were evaluated by 10 subjects showed that 8 or more people were “very good”, 4 to 7 people were “good”, and 3 or less people were “poor”.

(9) Texture Using the fabric of the present invention, the touch of the fabric was evaluated by 10 panelists. And it evaluated comprehensively by the total score of each person's evaluation.
<Evaluation criteria>
3 points: Soft touch and high surface smoothness.
2 points: standard softness and surface smoothness.
1 point: There is coarseness and the surface is rough.
<Comprehensive evaluation>
Very good: 25-30 points possible: 17-24 points inferior: 10-16 points.

(10) Light fastness After irradiating for 200 hours under the condition of a black panel temperature of 83 ° C. using an ultraviolet autofade meter (manufactured by Suga Test Instruments Co., Ltd., model: U48AUHB), according to JIS L 0804 (2010), Discoloration was determined from grade 1 to grade 5 using a gray scale for color fading.

[Reference Example 1]
(Core-sheath composite drawn yarn)
An 84T48F core-sheath composite drawn yarn having a core part of polyethylene terephthalate (PET) and a sheath part of polytrimethylene terephthalate (PTT) and a mass ratio of 3 to 7 was produced. Specifically, it is as follows.
It is supplied to the melt spinning machine at the above-mentioned fraction, combined into a single-core core-sheath structure in the die, spun at a spinning temperature of 280 ° C., and spun at a first roll rotation speed of 2700 m / min and a roll temperature of 40 ° C. Was preheated, heat-treated and stretched at a second roll rotation speed of 4050 m / min and a roll temperature of 150 ° C., and wound at a winding speed of 3700 m / min to obtain an 84 dtex-48f (filament) core-sheath composite stretched yarn. The core-sheath composite drawn yarn had a tensile strength of 3.3 cN / dtex and an elongation of 45%.

[Reference Example 2]
(Polyethylene terephthalate false twisted yarn)
A method for producing 84T36F polyethylene terephthalate false twisted yarn and 167T48F polyethylene terephthalate false twisted yarn will be described. As the size and shape of the spinneret, those suitable for each false twisted yarn were adopted, melt spinning was performed at a spinning temperature of 284 ° C. and a spinning speed of 3000 m / min, and the undrawn yarn was wound up. Next, false twisting is performed at a first heater (non-contact type) temperature of 230 ° C., an overfeed rate of 0.9, a second heater (non-contact type) temperature of 200 ° C., a draw ratio of 1.69 times, and a processing speed of 600 m / min. And a polyethylene terephthalate false twisted yarn of 84 dtex-36f (filament) and a polyethylene terephthalate false twisted yarn of 167 dtex-48f (filament) were obtained. The tensile strength of the 84T36F polyethylene terephthalate false twisted yarn is 3.6 cN / dtex and the elongation is 23%, and the tensile strength of the 167T48F polyethylene terephthalate false twisted yarn is 4.0 cN / dtex and the elongation is 22%. It was.

[Reference Example 3]
(Polyethylene terephthalate drawn yarn)
A method for producing a 84T48F (84 dtex-48f (filament)) polyethylene terephthalate drawn yarn will be described. Melt spinning was performed at a spinning temperature of 290 ° C. and a spinning speed of 1500 m / min, and the undrawn yarn was wound up. Next, using a stretching apparatus, stretching was performed at a preheating roller temperature of 90 ° C., a heat treatment roller temperature of 150 ° C., a stretching ratio of 3.01 times, and a processing speed of 970 m / min, to obtain a stretched polyethylene terephthalate yarn of 84 dtex-48f. The drawn yarn had a tensile strength of 4.0 cN / dtex and an elongation of 35%.

[Example 1]
A 28 gauge tricot knitting machine was used. Supply the core-sheath composite drawn yarn of 84 dtex-48f (filament) of Reference Example 1 in a full set of yarn arrangement to L1 (becomes a ground texture) using 4 scissors and reference to L2 (becomes a ground texture) 84 dtex-36f (filament) polyethylene terephthalate false twisted yarn of Example 2 is supplied in a full set of yarn arrangement, and 84 dtex-48f (filament) core-sheath composite drawn yarn of Reference Example 1 is threaded into L3 and L4. The drawn machine was fed in an alternating yarn arrangement, and the raw machine was knitted in the form of the following structure 1 at a density of an on-machine course of 42 C / 2.54 cm.

(Organization 1) (Organization of group a)
L1: 84 dtex-48f (PET / PTT core-sheath composite stretched yarn), 1-2 / 1-0 (threading: full set)
L2: 84 dtex-36f (PET false twisted yarn), 3-4 / 1-0 (threading: full set)
L3: 84 dtex-48f (PET / PTT core / sheath composite stretched yarn), 2-3 / 2-1 1-0 / 1-2 (threading: one thread inserted and one thread pulled out alternately)
L4: 84 dtex-48f (PET / PTT core-sheath composite stretched yarn), 1-0 / 1-2 2-3 / 2-1 (threading: alternating one thread-threaded yarn removal)

The resulting warp knitted fabric was dyed “Dianix” (registered trademark, the same shall apply hereinafter) as a dye. KIS-U 0.24% owf, “Dianix” AM-2R 0.11% owf, “Dianix” ”Using GL-FS 0.24% owf, trade name fast-P 1% owf manufactured by Ciba as a light-proofing agent, the temperature was raised from room temperature to a dyeing temperature of 130 ° C. at a heating rate of 1 ° C., and dyeing temperature 130 ° C. For 25 minutes.
Thereafter, the warp knitted fabric dyed as described above is immersed in a treatment liquid of the following prescription 1 and impregnated with a hygroscopic polymer, and then the fabric is squeezed with mangles so that the pickup rate becomes 90%, and 120% in a drier. Drying was performed at 2 ° C. for 2 minutes.

(Prescription 1)
・ Sodium 2-acrylamido-2-methylpropanesulfonate (trade name: Graset T505, manufacturer: Kitahiro Chemical Co., Ltd.): 120 g / L
-Dimethacrylate (trade name: Graset T303 manufacturer: Kitahiro Chemical Co., Ltd.): 120 g / L as a cross-linking agent
-Ammonium persulfate as a polymerization initiator (Manufacturer: Nacalai Tesque): 5 g / L
·water

The warp knitted fabric dyed as described above was impregnated with a hygroscopic polymer, dried, then treated with a normal pressure steamer heated to 105 ° C. for 10 minutes, washed with hot water and then dried. Next, the dried product is further dried at 160 ° C. for 1 minute with a dryer, the basis weight is 310 g / m ² , the hygroscopic polymer fixing rate is 7.3%, the fabric hygroscopic rate is 2.4%, and the hygroscopic rate is A fiber structure of Example 1 in which the moisture absorption rate of the conductive polymer was 32.8% was obtained.

  This fiber structure was cut in a direction perpendicular to the knitting direction and observed with an electron microscope. FIG. 1 is an electron micrograph (50 ×). According to the observation results, the number of cross-sectional fibers in the surface layer was 235, the number of cross-sectional fibers in the back layer was 850, and the ratio of the number of fiber cross-sections was 3.62. Furthermore, it was observed that the hygroscopic polymer was fixed to the fibers of the knitted fabric.

  The performance evaluation results are shown in Table 1. The surface temperature drop of the fabric is 2.1 ° C, the coolness at the time of sitting is “very good”, the texture is “very good”, the light fastness is 4th grade, and the comfort when the person is seated is very good It was excellent.

[Example 2]
Using a 28-gauge tricot knitting machine, supply 167 dtex-48f (filament) polyethylene terephthalate false twisted yarn of Reference Example 2 to L1 (ground texture) in a full set of yarns using four scissors. L2 and L3 are supplied with 84 dtex-48f (filament) core-sheath composite drawn yarn of Reference Example 1 in an alternating yarn arrangement, and the on-machine course has a density of 50 C / 2.54 cm and the following structure Two forms of knitted fabric were produced.

(Organization 2) (Organization of group a)
L1: 167 dtex-48f (PET false twisted yarn), 1-0 / 3-4 (threading: full set)
L2: 84 dtex-48f (PET / PTT core-sheath composite stretched yarn), 2-3 / 2-1 1-0 / 1-2 (threading: one thread inserted and one thread pulled out alternately)
L3: 84 dtex-48f (PET / PTT core-sheath composite stretched yarn), 1-0 / 1-2 2-3 / 2-1 (threading: alternating one thread inserted and thread pulled out)

Then, after dyeing the knitted fabric in the same manner as in Example 1, the hygroscopic polymer was fixed, the basis weight was 275 g / m ² , the hygroscopic polymer fixing rate was 12.3%, and the fabric hygroscopic rate was 3.0%. Thus, a fiber structure of Example 2 in which the moisture absorption rate of the hygroscopic polymer was 24.3% was obtained.

  This fiber structure was cut in a direction perpendicular to the knitting direction and observed with an electron microscope. FIG. 2 is an electron micrograph (100 times). According to the observation results, the number of fiber cross-sections in the surface layer was 121, the number of fiber cross-sections in the back layer was 485, and the ratio of fiber cross-sections was 4.01. Furthermore, it was observed that a large amount of hygroscopic polymer adhered to the ground structure of the knitted fabric.

  The performance evaluation results are shown in Table 1. The surface temperature drop of the fabric is 1.9 ° C, the coolness when sitting is "very good", the texture is "very good", the light fastness is 4th class, and the comfort when sitting is very good It was excellent.

[Example 3]
A 28-gauge tricot knitting machine was used, and a full set of 84 dtex-48f (filament) core-sheath composite stretched yarn of Reference Example 1 was used for L1 (ground texture) and L2 (ground texture) using three scissors. L3 was supplied with 84 dtex-36f (filament) polyethylene terephthalate false twisted yarn of Reference Example 2 in full set, and the on-machine course had a density of 64C / 2.54 cm and the following structure 3 We knitted live machines.

(Organization 3) (Organization of group a)
L1: 84 dtex-48f (PET / PTT core-sheath composite stretched yarn), 2-3 / 1-0 (threading: full set)
L2: 84 dtex-48f (PET / PTT core-sheath composite stretched yarn), 1-0 / 1-2 (threading: full set)
L3: 84 dtex-36f (PET false twisted yarn), 1-0 / 3-4 (threading: full set)

Next, the knitted fabric is dyed in the same manner as in Example 1, and then the hygroscopic polymer is fixed in the same manner as in Example 1 to the fabric that has undergone raising with a raising machine, and the basis weight is 330 g / m ² . A fiber structure of Example 3 was obtained in which the moisture absorption rate of the hygroscopic polymer was 12.5%, the moisture absorption rate of the fabric was 3.0%, and the moisture absorption rate of the hygroscopic polymer was 24.0%.

  This fiber structure was cut in a direction perpendicular to the knitting direction and observed with an electron microscope. FIG. 3 is an electron micrograph (50 ×). According to the observation results, the number of fiber cross-sections in the surface layer was 220, the number of fiber cross-sections in the back layer was 1380, and the fiber cross-section ratio was 6.27. Furthermore, it was observed that the hygroscopic polymer was fixed on the knitted fabric.

  The performance evaluation results are shown in Table 1. The surface temperature drop of the fabric is 2.3 ° C, the coolness at the time of sitting is “very good”, the texture is “very good”, the light fastness is 4th grade, and the comfort when the person is seated is very good It was excellent.

[Example 4]
Example 1 except that a 28-gauge tricot knitting machine was used, and the stretched polyethylene terephthalate yarn of 84 dtex-48f (filament) of Reference Example 3 was used for L1 (ground texture), L3, and L4 using four scissors. The knitting machine was knitted in the form of the following organization 4 under the same conditions as above.

(Organization 4) (Organization of group a)
L1: 84 dtex-48f (PET drawn yarn), 1-2 / 1-0 (threading: full set)
L2: 84 dtex-36f (PET false twisted yarn), 3-4 / 1-0 (threading: full set)
L3: 84 dtex-48f (PET drawn yarn), 2-3 / 2-1 1-0 / 1-2 (threading: one thread inserted and one thread removed)
L4: 84 dtex-48f (PET drawn yarn), 1-0 / 1-2 2-3 / 2-1 (threading: one thread inserted and one thread removed)

Next, after dyeing the knitted fabric in the same manner as in Example 1, the hygroscopic polymer was fixed, the basis weight was 318 g / m ² , the hygroscopic polymer fixing rate was 7.0%, and the fabric hygroscopic rate was 2.3%. Thus, a fiber structure of Example 4 in which the moisture absorption rate of the hygroscopic polymer was 32.8% was obtained. This fiber structure was cut in a direction perpendicular to the knitting direction and observed with an electron microscope. According to the observation results, the number of cross-sectional fibers in the surface layer was 245, the number of cross-sectional fibers in the back layer was 854, and the ratio of the number of fiber cross-sections was 3.49.

  The performance evaluation results are shown in Table 1. The surface temperature drop of the fabric is 2.0 ° C., the coolness when sitting is “very good”, the texture is “good”, the light fastness is 4th grade, and the comfort when sitting is excellent .

[Example 5]
Example using a 28-gauge tricot knitting machine, except that 84 dtex-48f (filament) polyethylene terephthalate drawn yarn of Reference Example 3 was used for L1 (ground texture) and L2 (ground texture) using three scissors. 3 was knitted in the form of the following organization 5 under the same conditions as in No. 3.

(Tissue 5) Group a L1: 84 dtex-48f (PET drawn yarn), 2-3 / 1-0 (threading: full set)
L2: 84 dtex-48f (PET drawn yarn), 1-0 / 1-2 (threading: full set)
L3: 84 dtex-36f (PET false twisted yarn), 1-0 / 3-4 (threading: full set)

Next, the knitted fabric is dyed in the same manner as in Example 1, and then the hygroscopic polymer is fixed in the same manner as in Example 1 to the fabric that has been raised with a raising machine, and the basis weight is 340 g / m ² . A fiber structure of Example 5 was obtained in which the moisture absorption rate of the hygroscopic polymer was 12.6%, the moisture absorption rate of the fabric was 2.9%, and the moisture absorption rate of the hygroscopic polymer was 23.0%. This fiber structure was cut in a direction perpendicular to the knitting direction and observed with an electron microscope. According to the observation results, the number of fiber cross-sections in the surface layer was 231, the number of fiber cross-sections in the back layer was 1417, and the ratio of the number of fiber cross-sections was 6.13.

  The performance evaluation results are shown in Table 1. The surface temperature drop of the fabric was 2.4 ° C., the coolness at the time of sitting was “very good”, the texture was “good”, the light fastness was 4th class, and the comfort when sitting by a person was excellent .

Example 6
A 28 gauge double-sided circular knitting machine was used. The lining (ground texture) is supplied with 84 dtex-72f (filament) polyethylene terephthalate false twisted yarn, the outer surface is supplied with 84 dtex-36f (filament) polyethylene terephthalate false twisted yarn of Reference Example 2, and the outer surface is patterned. The lining was a flat knitted structure, and a live machine with an on-machine course of 38 courses / 2.54 cm was knitted. The structure of this knitted fabric belongs to group b.

Next, after dyeing the knitted fabric in the same manner as in Example 1, the hygroscopic polymer was fixed, the basis weight was 232 g / m ² , the hygroscopic polymer fixing rate was 8.6%, and the fabric hygroscopic rate was 2.0%. Thus, a fiber structure of Example 6 in which the moisture absorption rate of the hygroscopic polymer was 23.2% was obtained. This fiber structure was cut in a direction perpendicular to the knitting direction and observed with an electron microscope. According to the observation results, the number of fiber cross-sections in the surface layer was 161, the number of fiber cross-sections in the back layer was 322, and the ratio of the number of fiber cross-sections was 2.00.

  The performance evaluation results are shown in Table 1. The surface temperature drop of the fabric was 2.6 ° C., the coolness when sitting was “very good”, the texture was “good”, the light fastness was 4th grade, and the comfort when a person sat down was excellent .

Example 7
A polyethylene terephthalate drawn yarn of 167 dtex-72f (filament) was used as warp and weft, and a double woven fabric having a weave density of 250 cm / cm and weft of 220 yarns / cm was woven for both the ground texture and the pile.
The obtained woven fabric was dyed under the same conditions as in Example 1, and then a velvet woven fabric having a pile length of 1.8 mm was prepared with a shaving machine. Thereafter, the hygroscopic polymer was fixed to the woven fabric in the same manner as in Example 1, the hygroscopic polymer fixing rate was 10.5%, the fabric hygroscopic rate was 3.5%, and the hygroscopic polymer hygroscopic rate was 33. A fiber structure of Example 7 that was .3% was obtained. The structure of this fabric belongs to group c.

  This fiber structure was cut in a direction perpendicular to the weaving direction and observed with an electron microscope. According to the observation results, the number of fiber cross-sections in the surface layer was 230, the number of fiber cross-sections in the back layer was 980, and the ratio of fiber cross-sections was 4.26.

  The performance evaluation results are shown in Table 1. The surface temperature drop of the knitted fabric is 2.3 ° C, the coolness at the time of sitting is “very good”, the texture is “very good”, the light fastness is 4th grade, and the comfort when the person is seated is excellent It was.

[Comparative Example 1]
In Example 6, the structure of the outer material and the lining material was changed, and the outer material was supplied with 84 dtex-72f (filament) polyethylene terephthalate false twisted yarn with a 28-gauge double-sided circular knitting machine. 84 dtex-36f (filament) polyethylene terephthalate false twisted yarn was supplied, and the outer material was a flat knitted structure, the lining was a patterned structure, and the machine was knitted with a course of 38 courses / 2.54 cm.

Next, after dyeing the knitted fabric in the same manner as in Example 1, the hygroscopic polymer was fixed, the basis weight was 232 g / m ² , the hygroscopic polymer fixing rate was 8.6%, and the fabric hygroscopic rate was 2.0%. A fiber structure of Comparative Example 1 having a hygroscopic polymer moisture absorption of 23.2% was obtained.

  This fiber structure was cut in a direction perpendicular to the knitting direction and observed with an electron microscope. FIG. 4 is an electron micrograph (50 ×). According to the observation results, the number of fiber cross sections of the surface layer is 319, the number of fiber cross sections of the back layer is 162, and the number of fiber cross sections of the back layer / the number of fiber cross sections of the surface layer (fiber cross section number ratio) is 0.51. there were. Furthermore, it was observed that the hygroscopic polymer was fixed on the knitted fabric.

  The performance evaluation results are shown in Table 1. The surface temperature drop of the fabric was 0.5 ° C., the coolness at the time of sitting was “inferior”, the texture was “possible”, the light fastness was grade 4, and the comfort when a person was seated was inferior.

[Comparative Example 2]
Using a water jet loom, supply the 167 dtex-48f (filament) polyethylene terephthalate false twisted yarn of Reference Example 2 to the warp and weft yarns, and the density on the weave is vertical 128 / 2.54 cm, horizontal 81 / Weaving with a twill structure of 2.54 cm.

Next, after dyeing the woven fabric in the same manner as in Example 1, the hygroscopic polymer was fixed, the basis weight was 197 g / m ² , the hygroscopic polymer fixing rate was 8.3%, and the fabric hygroscopic rate was 1.9%. Thus, a fiber structure of Comparative Example 2 in which the moisture absorption rate of the hygroscopic polymer was 22.8% was obtained.

  This fiber structure was cut in a direction perpendicular to the weaving direction and observed with an electron microscope. FIG. 5 is an electron micrograph (150 times). According to the observation results, the number of fiber cross-sections in the surface layer was 107, the number of fiber cross-sections in the back layer was 133, and the ratio of fiber cross-sections was 1.24. In addition, the hygroscopic polymer was fixed to the ground texture of the fabric.

  The performance evaluation results are shown in Table 1. The surface temperature drop of the fabric was 1.3 ° C., the coolness at the time of sitting was “inferior”, the texture was “good”, the light fastness was 4th grade, and the comfort when a person sat down was inferior.

Claims (7)

  It is a fiber structure in which a hygroscopic polymer is fixed to the fiber of the fabric, and the fiber density of the surface layer on the front side and the back layer on the back side are different from each other with the center line of the cross section of the fiber structure as a boundary. Characteristic fiber structure.   2. The fiber structure according to claim 1, wherein the fabric has a form of a woven fabric or a knitted fabric, and the ground texture of the fabric is on the back layer side.   Polymer of one or more kinds of monomers in which the hygroscopic polymer is selected from sodium acrylate-2-propanesulfonate, sodium styrenesulfonate, sodium isoprenesulfonate, sodium allylsulfonate, sodium methallylsulfonate, or one of these The fiber structure according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the fiber structure is a copolymer of the above monomers and other monomers.   The fiber structure according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein a sticking rate of the hygroscopic polymer to the fabric is 4 to 20% by mass.   The fiber structure according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the fiber structure is cut in a direction perpendicular to the weaving or knitting direction, and a surface layer on the surface side with the center line of the cross section as a boundary; When calculating the number of fiber cross-sections included in the back layer on the back side, the value obtained by dividing the number of fiber cross-sections in the back layer by the number of fiber cross-sections in the surface layer (fiber cross-section number ratio) is in the range of 2-10. Characteristic fiber structure. The fiber structure according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the structure of the fabric is selected from the following groups a to c.
Group a: warp knitted fabric manufactured from a knitting machine having two or more ridges, and the structure of the back layer is a two-needle or three-needle swing structure b group: a weft knitted fabric knitted by a double-sided knitting machine And the surface layer is a pattern structure c group: pile fabric having a ground structure   A vehicle interior material having the fiber structure according to any one of claims 1 to 6.