JPWO2008156165A1 - An agricultural and horticultural insecticide containing 16-ketoaspergylimide as an active ingredient - Google Patents

Abstract

An agricultural and horticultural insecticide comprising 16-ketoaspergylimide, an enantiomer thereof, a mixture thereof, or an agriculturally and horticulturally acceptable acid addition salt as an active ingredient is disclosed. The present invention provides an agricultural and horticultural insecticide that can be used effectively and safely.

Description

Reference to related applications

  This patent application is accompanied by a priority claim based on Japanese Patent Application No. 2007-163582 filed on June 21, 2007, the entire disclosure of which is incorporated herein by reference. Part of the disclosure.

Background of the Invention

FIELD OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to an agricultural and horticultural insecticide containing 16-ketoaspergylimide (PF1378 substance) as an active ingredient.

BACKGROUND ART Many agricultural and horticultural insecticides have been known so far, but due to problems such as drug resistance and safety, a more effective and safer agent is needed. As a method for pest control of crops for the purpose of saving labor for farmers, methods of applying chemicals to seeds or plants at the time of sowing, seedling raising or transplanting are widely used. Alternatively, a drug having an osmotic transfer property that is absorbed from the roots of a plant and migrates into the plant body and exhibits a control effect is generally used. An osmotic drug is a drug that permeates and transfers into a plant body and kills a pest that is sucked or ingested. It is also called a osmotic insecticide (new edition “Pesticide Science” (Bunaga) (See page 14 of Dou Shuppan, Yasushi Yamashita)).

  PF1378 substance, that is, 16-keto aspergillimide is a compound having the following structure, reported as a metabolite produced by the genus Aspergillus, and an anthelmintic active substance against third-instar larvae of Haemonchus contortus, a mammalian gastrointestinal parasitic nematode (The Journal of Antibiotics, 1997, 50 (10), 840-846). However, there is no report on the activity of this substance against agricultural pests.

Further, in Tetrahedron Letters, 1997, 38 (32), 5655-5658, Bioscience, Biotechnology and Biochemistry, 2000, 64 (1), 111-115, and Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 10-245383, a related substance of 16-keto aspergillimide It has been reported that asperparalines have paralytic activity against silkworms or insecticidal activity against white spider plant, brown planthopper, and cockroaches. However, there is no report on 16-keto aspergillimide having insecticidal activity or its osmotic activity.

  In addition, many agricultural and horticultural insecticides have been reported so far, but in both cases, the existence of drug-resistant insecticide species and difficult-to-control insecticide species has been confirmed, and the development of new insecticides remains. It can be said that it is desired.

Summary of the Invention

  The present inventors have now found that the PF1378 substance has significant agricultural or horticultural or penetrating insecticidal activity. The present invention is based on such knowledge.

  Accordingly, an object of the present invention is to provide an agricultural and horticultural insecticide or a penetrating insecticide that can be used effectively and safely.

  According to one aspect of the present invention, there is provided an agricultural and horticultural insecticide comprising as an active ingredient the PF1378 substance, its enantiomer, a mixture thereof, or an agriculturally and horticulturally acceptable acid addition salt thereof. .

  Further, according to another aspect of the present invention, there is provided an osmotic insecticide comprising as an active ingredient a PF1378 substance, an enantiomer thereof, a mixture thereof, or an agriculturally and horticulturally acceptable acid addition salt thereof. .

  Furthermore, according to another aspect of the present invention, an effective amount of a PF1378 substance, an enantiomer thereof, a mixture thereof, or an agriculturally and horticulturally acceptable acid addition salt thereof is added to a water surface, soil, a nutrient solution in hydroponics, There is provided a method for controlling agricultural and horticultural pests comprising applying to a target selected from the group consisting of a solid medium in hydroponics, plant seeds, roots, tubers, bulbs, and rhizomes.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

PF1378 substance
The substance PF1378 (16-keto aspergillimide) can be obtained from a culture of 16-keto aspergillimide-producing bacteria, for example, according to the method described in The Journal of Antibiotics, 1997, 50 (10), 840-846.

  In the present invention, not only the PF1378 substance, but also its enantiomers and mixtures thereof can be used.

  In the present invention, agriculturally and horticulturally acceptable acid addition salts of the PF1378 substance can also be used, and examples thereof include acids such as hydrochloride, nitrate, sulfate, phosphate, and acetate. Addition salts are mentioned.

Agricultural and horticultural insecticides and penetrating insecticides
The PF1378 substance exhibits an excellent control effect against pests. Therefore, according to the present invention, there is provided an agricultural and horticultural insecticide and an osmotic transfer insecticide comprising the PF1378 substance, its enantiomer, or a mixture thereof as an active ingredient. Further, the PF1378 substance, its enantiomer, or a mixture thereof may be used in the form of an agriculturally and horticultically acceptable acid addition salt.

  According to another aspect of the present invention, there is provided the use of a PF1378 substance, its enantiomers, mixtures thereof, or their horticulturally acceptable acid addition salts as agricultural and horticultural insecticides.

  Also according to another aspect of the present invention there is provided the use of the PF1378 substance, its enantiomers, mixtures thereof, or their agriculturally and horticulturally acceptable acid addition salts as osmotic migratory insecticides.

  The insect species that the PF1378 substance exhibits a controlling effect is not particularly limited, but preferably lepidopterous pests (for example, Spodoptera litura, Shirochimodojiyoto, Awayoto, Yotoga, Tamanayaga, Trichopulcia, Heliotis, Helicobelpa, etc. Japanese moths, Japanese moths, Japanese corn borers, European corn borers, Hymadarano moth, Shibatatsuga, Watanomeiga, Noshimemadaranoga, etc. Anemone species such as Rionetia sp., Limantria sp., Euprocutis sp., Sugas such as Culex, Swabs such as cotton beetles, Hitrigas such as American white starfish, Iga, Coiga, etc. Rosukoga, etc.), Hemiptera pests (for example, aphids such as peach aphid and cotton aphid), leafhoppers such as brown leafhopper, leafhopper, whitehopper, leafhopper such as leafhopper, leafhopper leafhopper, red beetle, chabanaeokamemushi, minamia Stink bugs, stink bugs such as stink bugs, white flies, whiteflies such as tobacco whiteflies, scale insects such as stag beetles, scallops, etc .; , Weevil such as azuki beetle, beetle such as white beetle, beetle, beetle, beetle such as leaf beetle, hornbill beetle, cucurbit beetle, potato potato beetle, West corn rootworm, southern corn rootworm, etc., beetle, rice beetle, blue-tailed beetle, beetle, epilacuna such as Aedes aegypti, beetle, etc., ticks (for example, nymph mite, kanzawa spider mite, citrus red mite, apple spider mite) , Spider mites of the genus Oligonicus, fusid mites such as tomato rust mites, citrus mites, chano mites, dust mites such as mite dust mites, mites, etc.), hymenoptera pests (for example, wasps such as wasps), straight insects (E.g. grasshoppers), Diptera pests (e.g. houseflies, house mosquitoes, anopheles, chironomids, black flies, mosquito flies, sand flies, fly flies, legumes, tomatoes, tomatoes and eggplants) Flies, fruit flies, fleas, drosophila, butterflies, flyfish, flies, sand flies, etc., thrips pests (for example, Thrips thrips, Thrips thrips, Thrips thrips, Thrips thrips) And the like, and more preferably, plant parasitic nematodes (for example, aferencoides such as root-knot nematodes, neptune nematodes, cyst nematodes, rice nesting nematodes, etc.), and more preferably Hemiptera pests, Thripidae pests, Diptera, Coleoptera pests, and more preferably Hemiptera pests.

  When the PF1378 substance, its enantiomer, a mixture thereof, or an agriculturally and horticulturally acceptable acid addition salt is used as an active ingredient of an agricultural and horticultural insecticide, it may be used as it is, but an appropriate solid carrier, liquid Emulsions, solutions, suspensions, wettable powders, powders, granules, tablets, oils, aerosols, flowables, etc. It can be used as any dosage form.

  Examples of the solid carrier include talc, bennite, clay, kaolin, diatomaceous earth, vermiculite, white carbon, calcium carbonate, and the like.

  Examples of the liquid carrier include alcohols such as methanol, n-hexanol, and ethylene glycol; ketones such as acetone, methyl ethyl ketone, and cyclohexanone; aliphatic hydrocarbons such as n-hexane, kerosene, and kerosene; toluene, xylene , Aromatic hydrocarbons such as methylnaphthalene, ethers such as diethyl ether, dioxane and tetrahydrofuran, esters such as ethyl acetate, nitriles such as acetonitrile and isobutyronitrile, acid amides such as dimethylformamide and dimethylacetamide Vegetable oils such as soybean oil and cottonseed oil, dimethyl sulfoxide, water and the like.

  Furthermore, examples of the gas carrier include LPG, air, nitrogen, carbon dioxide gas, dimethyl ether and the like.

  Examples of surfactants and dispersants for emulsification, dispersion, spreading, etc. include alkyl sulfates, alkyl (aryl) sulfonates, polyoxyalkylene alkyl (aryl) ethers, polyhydric alcohol esters. Lignin sulfonate and the like are used.

  Furthermore, as an adjuvant for improving the properties of the preparation, for example, carboxymethyl cellulose, gum arabic, polyethylene glycol, calcium stearate and the like are used.

  The above carriers, surfactants, dispersants, and adjuvants can be used alone or in combination as required.

  The content of the active ingredient in these preparations is not particularly limited, but preferably 1 to 75% by weight for emulsions, 0.3 to 25% by weight for powders, 1 to 90% by weight for wettable powders, granules Is 0.5 to 10% by weight.

  According to another aspect of the present invention, an effective amount of a PF1378 substance, an enantiomer thereof, a mixture thereof, or an acid-addition salt acceptable in agriculture and horticulture is added to a water surface, soil, a nutrient solution, There is provided a method for controlling agricultural and horticultural pests comprising applying to a solid medium in liquid culture, plant seeds, roots, tubers, bulbs or rhizomes.

  As a method of applying an effective amount of PF1378 substance, its enantiomer, a mixture thereof, or an agriculturally and horticulturally acceptable acid addition salt to plants or soil, preferably, spraying treatment, water surface treatment, soil treatment (mixing, Irrigation, etc.), seedling box treatment, surface treatment (application, dressing, coating), or fumigation treatment, and the like, more preferably water surface treatment, soil treatment, seedling box treatment, or surface treatment.

  When applied to plants by spraying treatment, the amount of treatment is 0.1 g to 10 kg per 10 ares of cultivated land, using as an active ingredient a PF1378 substance, its enantiomer, a mixture thereof, or an acid addition salt acceptable in agriculture and horticulture. Preferably, 1 g to 1 kg is applied.

  In addition, as a method applied to plant seeds, roots, tubers, bulbs, or rhizomes, for example, for seeds, immersion method, powder coating method, smearing method, spraying method, pellet method, film method, or There is a fumigation method.

  The dipping method is a method in which seeds are immersed in a liquid drug solution. The powder coating method includes a dry powder coating method in which a powdered drug is attached to dry seeds, and a seed lightly soaked in water. There is a wet powder coating method to attach the drug in the shape. In addition, there are a smearing method in which a suspended drug is applied to the seed surface in a mixer and a spraying method in which the suspension is sprayed onto the seed surface. In addition, when pelletizing seeds with a filler into a certain size and shape, the pellet method in which the filler is mixed with the chemical, the coating method in which the seed is coated with a film containing the chemical, and in a sealed container A fumigation method that disinfects seeds with gasified chemicals can be mentioned.

  The application method of the osmotic transfer insecticide according to the present invention is not particularly limited, but preferably includes an immersion method, a powder coating method, a smearing method, a spraying method, a pellet method, and a coating method.

  In addition to seeds, it can also be applied to germinated plants and young plants transplanted after germination or after emergence from soil. These plants can be protected prior to transplantation by treatment in whole or in part by immersion.

  The amount of treatment when applied to plant seeds is not particularly limited, but preferably 1 g to 10 kg of PF1378 substance, its enantiomer, a mixture thereof, or their agriculturally and horticulturally acceptable acid addition salt per 100 kg of seeds. More preferably, it is preferable to apply 100 g to 1 kg.

  Moreover, the soil application method of the agricultural or horticultural insecticide or the osmotic transfer insecticide according to the present invention is not particularly limited, but preferably includes the following methods.

  Application of granules containing the PF1378 substance in or on the soil. Particularly preferred soil application methods are spraying, banding, trenching, and planting hole application.

  It is also a preferable soil application method to be applied by irrigating the soil with a solution obtained by emulsifying or dissolving the PF1378 substance in water.

  In addition to these, examples of preferable soil application methods include cultivation such as hydroponics and sand cultivation, NFT (Nutrient Film Technique), and solid medium cultivation such as rock wool cultivation for the production of vegetables and flowers. The use to a nutrient solution in a hydroponics system, and the application method (bed soil mixing etc.) to the seedling box for rice seedling raising are mentioned. Moreover, you may apply directly to the solid culture medium containing the artificial soil containing vermiculite and the artificial mat | matte for raising seedlings.

  The treatment amount of the PF1378 substance, its enantiomers, a mixture thereof, or their agriculturally and horticulturally acceptable acid addition salt to the water surface, seedling box, or soil is not particularly limited, but preferably 10 arable land as an active ingredient. 0.1 g to 10 kg per unit, more preferably 1 g to 1 kg.

  The agricultural or horticultural insecticide or osmotic transfer insecticide according to the present invention can be used as it is or after dilution. Moreover, the agricultural and horticultural insecticide or osmotic transfer insecticide according to the present invention can be used by mixing with other fungicides, insecticides, acaricides, herbicides, plant growth regulators, fertilizers and the like. Other pesticides that can be mixed include fungicides, acaricides, herbicides, plant growth regulators, such as the Pesticide Manual, 13th edition The British Crop. Protection Council) and Shibuya Index (10th edition, published by SHIBUYA INDEX RESEARCH GROUP in 2005).

  The insecticide to be used is not particularly limited, but preferably acephate, dichlorvos, EPN, fenitrothion, fenamifos, prothiofos, profenfos, pyraclofos , Chlorpyrifos-methyl, chlorfenvinphos, demeton, ethion, malathion, coumaphos, isoxathion, fenthion, diazinon ), Thiodicarb, aldicarb, oxamyl, propoxur, carbaryl, fenobucarb, ethiofencarb, fenothiocarb, pirimicarb, carbov Carbofuran, carbosulfan, furathiocarb, hyquincarb, alanycarb, metomyl, benfuracarb, cartap, thiocyclam, bensultap ), Dicofol, tetradifon, acrinathrin, bifenthrin, cycloprothrin, cyfluthrin, dimefluthrin, empenthrin, fenthrin (fenthrin) , Fenpropathrin, imiprothrin, methfluthrin, permethrin, phenothrin, resmethrin, tefluthrin, tetramethrin, tralomethrin, lomethrin Trin (tr ansfluthrin), cypermethrin, deltamethrin, cyhalothrin, fenvalerate, fluvalerate, etofenprox, flufenprox, halfenprox, halfenprox ), Silafluofen, cyromazine, diflubenzuron, teflubenzuron, flucycloxuron, flufenoxuron, hexaflumuron, lufenuron, lufenuron, lufenuron, lufenuron (novaluron), penfluron, triflumuron, chlorfluazuron, diafenthiuron, metoprene, phenoxycarb, pyriproxyfen, halofenozide halofenozide), Tebu Phenozide (tebufenozide), methoxyfenozide (chromafenozide), dicyclanil, buprofezin, hexythiazox, amitraz, chlordimefenpy, mate, mate Flufenerim, pyrimidifen, tebufenpyrad, tolfenpyrad, fluacrypyrim, acequinocyl, cyflumetofen, proben, flubendiamide, flubendiamide, proben , Etoxazole, imidacloprid, nitenpyram, clothianidin, acetamiprid Dinotefuran, thiacloprid, thiamethoxam, pymetrozine, bifenazate, spirodiclofen, spirodisifen, flomemiden, flonicamid, chlorfenapir Proxyfen (pyriproxyfene), indoxacarb (pyridalyl), spinosad (spinosad), avermectin (avermectin), milbemycin (milbemycin), azadirachtin, nicotine, rotenone, rotenone , Entomopathogenic viral agents, emamectin benzoate, spinetoram, pyrifluquinazon, chlorantraniliprole, cyenopyrafen, spiroteto Matte (spirotetramat), lepimectin, metaflumizone, pyrafluprole, pyriprole, dimefluthrin, phenazaflor, hydramethylnon, triazamate It is done.

  The bactericide used is not particularly limited, but preferably, azoxystrobin, kresoxym-methyl, trifloxystrobin, oryzastrobin, picoxystrobin ( strobilin compounds such as picoxystrobin), floxastrobin, mepanipyrim, pyrimethanil, anilinopyrimidine compounds such as cyprodinil, triadimefon, bitertanol, trif Triflumizole, etaconazole, propiconazole, penconazole, flusilazole, microbutanil, cyproconazole, tebuconazole, hexaconazole ), Prok Raz (prochloraz), azole compounds such as simeconazole, quinoxaline compounds such as quinomethionate, maneb, zineb, mancozeb, polycarbamate, provineb ( dithiocarbamate compounds such as propineb, phenylcarbamate compounds such as diethofencarb, organochlorine compounds such as chlorothalonil and quintozene, benomyl, thiophanate-methyl Benzimidazole compounds such as carbendazole, metalaxyl, oxadixyl, ofurase, benalaxyl, furalaxyl, phenylamide compounds such as cyprofuram Full anide (di sulfenic compounds such as chlofluanid, copper hydroxide, copper compounds such as oxine-copper, isoxazole compounds such as hydroxyisoxazole, fosetyl Organophosphorus compounds such as aluminum (fosetyl-aluminium), tolclofos-methyl, N-halogenothioalkyl compounds such as captan, captafol, folpet, procymidone (procymidone), iprodione, dicarboximide compounds such as vinchlozolin, benzanilide compounds such as flutolanil, mepronil, fenpropimorph, dimethomorph Morpholine compounds such as triphenyltin hydroxide, Organotin compounds such as phenthin acetate, cyanodiolol compounds such as fludioxonil, fenpiclonil, other fthalide, probenazole, acibenzolar-S-methyl ), Thiadinyl, isothianil, carpropamid, diclocymet, fenoxanil, tricyclazole, pyroquilon, ferimzone, fluazinamcy, fluazinamcy ), Triforine, pyrifenox, fenarimol, fenpropidin, penencycuron, cyazofamid, cyflufenamid, boscalid, penthiopyrad , Prokinaj (Proquinazid), quinoxyfen, famoxadone, fenamidone, iprovalicarb, benchthiavalicarb-isopropyl, fluopicolide, pyribencarb, kasugacinka, uga Another example is validamycin.

  EXAMPLES Hereinafter, although an Example is given and this invention is demonstrated concretely, this invention is not limited to these Examples.

<Formulation example>
Formulation Example 1 [Granule]
PF1378 substance 5% by weight
Bentonite 40% by weight
Talc 10% by weight
43% by weight of clay
2% by weight calcium lignin sulfonate
The above components were pulverized and mixed uniformly, kneaded well with water, and granulated and dried to obtain granules.

Formulation Example 2 [wettable powder]
PF1378 substance 30% by weight
50% by weight of clay
2% white carbon
Diatomaceous earth 13% by weight
Calcium lignin sulfonate 4% by weight
Sodium lauryl sulfate 1% by weight
The above ingredients were mixed uniformly and pulverized to obtain a wettable powder.

Formulation Example 3 [Granule wettable powder]
PF1378 substance 30% by weight
60% clay
Dextrin 5% by weight
Alkyl maleic acid copolymer 4% by weight
Sodium lauryl sulfate 1% by weight
The above components were uniformly pulverized and mixed, water was added and kneaded well, and then granulated and dried to obtain a granular wettable powder.

Formulation Example 4 [Flowable Agent]
PF1378 substance 25% by weight
POE polystyryl phenyl ether sulfate 5% by weight
Propylene glycol 6% by weight
Bentonite 1% by weight
Xanthan gum 1% aqueous solution 3% by weight
PRONAL EX-300 (Toho Chemical Co., Ltd.) 0.05% by weight
ADDAC 827 (Kay Kasei Co., Ltd.) 0.02% by weight
100% by weight of water
The whole amount except for the 1% aqueous solution of xanthan gum and an appropriate amount of water from the above blend was premixed and then pulverized with a wet pulverizer. Thereafter, a 1% aqueous solution of xanthan gum and the remaining water were added to obtain a flowable agent at 100% by weight.

Formulation Example 5 [Emulsion]
PF1378 substance 15% by weight
N, N-dimethylformamide 20% by weight
Solvesso 150 (ExxonMobil Co., Ltd.) 55% by weight
10% by weight of polyoxyethylene alkyl aryl ether
The above ingredients were uniformly mixed and dissolved to obtain an emulsion.

Formulation Example 6 [powder]
2% by weight of PF1378 substance
60% clay
Talc 37% by weight
Calcium stearate 1% by weight
The said component was mixed uniformly and the powder agent was obtained.

Formulation Example 7 [DL powder]
2% by weight of PF1378 substance
DL clay 94.5% by weight
2% white carbon
Calcium stearate 1% by weight
Light liquid paraffin 0.5% by weight
The said component was mixed uniformly and the powder agent was obtained.

Formulation Example 8 [Fine Granule F]
2% by weight of PF1378 substance
Carrier 94% by weight
2% white carbon
Hyzol SAS-296 2% by weight
The said component was mixed uniformly and the powder agent was obtained.

<Test example>
<Immersion test>
Test Example 1 Himetobikoka Control Test Hydroponic wheat seedling root was treated with a chemical solution prepared to a predetermined concentration with 10% acetone water. After the drug was absorbed from the root for 3 days, 10 second-instar larvae were released. Thereafter, it was left in a constant temperature room at 25 ° C. (16 hours light period 18 hours dark period). The insects were observed for life and death 3 days after the release, and the death rate was calculated according to the following formula. The test was conducted in a two-run system.
Mortality rate (%) = {Number of dead insects / (Number of living insects tens of dead insects)} x 100
As shown in Table 1, it is clear that the osmotic transfer insecticidal activity of the PF1378 substance is extremely higher than that of the control compound Asperparaline A.
The PF1378 substance and Asperparaline A used in this test were obtained according to the method described in The Journal of Antibiotics, 1997, 50 (10), 840-846. The same applies to the following test examples.

Test Example 2 A red- bellied squirrel turtle control test A hydroponic wheat seedling root was treated with a chemical solution prepared to a predetermined concentration with 10% acetone water. After the drug was absorbed from the root for 3 days, the 2nd instar larvae were released. Thereafter, it was left in a constant temperature room at 25 ° C. (16 hours light period 18 hours dark period). The insects were observed for life and death 3 days after the release, and the death rate was calculated according to the following formula. The test was conducted in a two-run system.
Mortality rate (%) = {Number of dead insects / (Number of living insects tens of dead insects)} x 100
As shown in Table 2, the PF1378 substance showed a high osmotic and insecticidal activity against the red beetle winged turtle.

<Soil irrigation treatment test>
Test Example 3 Rice seedlings grown in a pot plant control test pot plant were subjected to soil irrigation with a chemical solution prepared to a predetermined concentration with 10% acetone water. After leaving for 3 days, the 2nd instar larvae were released. Thereafter, it was left in a constant temperature room at 25 ° C. (16 hours light period 18 hours dark period). The insects were observed for life and death 3 days after the release, and the death rate was calculated according to the following formula. The test was conducted in two consecutive mortality rates (%) = {number of dead insects / (number of surviving tens and number of dead)} x 100
As shown in Table 3, the PF1378 substance showed a high osmotic and insecticidal activity against the brown planthopper.

Test Example 4 Leafhopper control control test The test method similar to Test Example 3 was used to calculate the mortality rate for the planthopper larvae. As shown in Table 3, the PF1378 substance showed a high osmotic and insecticidal activity against the brown planthopper.

Test Example 5 Cedarhopper control test The test method similar to Test Example 3 was used to calculate the mortality rate for second-lark larvae. As shown in Table 3, the PF1378 substance exhibited a high osmotic and insecticidal activity against white-spotted planthopper.

Test Example 6 Leafhopper leafhopper control test By the same test method as in Test example 3, the mortality rate for the leafhopper leafhopper second instar larvae was calculated. As shown in Table 3, the PF1378 substance showed a high osmotic and insecticidal activity against leafhopper leafhoppers.

Test Example 7 A cucumber seedling cultivated in citrus yellow thrips was irrigated with a chemical solution prepared to a predetermined concentration with 10% acetone water. After leaving for 4 days, a leaf disk having a diameter of 2.8 cm was cut out from the cucumber seedling, and the first instar larvae were released. Thereafter, it was left in a constant temperature room at 25 ° C. (16 hours light period 18 hours dark period). The insects were observed for life and death 6 days after the release, and the mortality was calculated according to the following formula. The test was conducted in a two-run system.
Mortality rate (%) = {Number of dead insects / (Number of living insects tens of dead insects)} × 100
As shown in Table 3, the PF1378 substance showed a high osmotic and insecticidal activity against the citrus yellow thrips.

<Food leaf spray test>
Test Example 8 Stem and leaves were sprayed with a chemical solution prepared to 50 ppm with 10% acetone water on rice seedlings grown in a pot plant control test . After air drying, the 2nd instar larvae were released. Thereafter, it was left in a constant temperature room at 25 ° C. (16 hours light period 18 hours dark period). The insects were observed for life and death 3 days after the release, and the death rate was calculated according to the following formula. The test was conducted in a two-run system.
Mortality rate (%) = {Number of dead insects / (Number of living insects tens of dead insects)} x 100
As shown in Table 4, the PF1378 substance also showed insecticidal activity against the Japanese brown planthopper in terms of foliage application.

Test Example 9 Leafhopper control control test The test method similar to Test Example 8 was used to calculate the mortality rate for the leafhopper second-instar larvae. As shown in Table 4, the PF1378 substance also showed insecticidal activity against the brown planthopper in terms of foliage application.

Test Example 10 White mulberry control test By the same test method as Test Example 8, the mortality rate for white larvae second instar larvae was calculated. As shown in Table 4, the PF1378 substance also showed insecticidal activity against white-spotted planthopper in terms of foliage application.

Test Example 11 Leafhopper leafhopper control test According to the same test method as in Test example 8, the mortality rate for the leafhopper leafhopper second instar larvae was calculated. As shown in Table 4, the PF1378 substance also showed insecticidal activity against leafhopper leafhopper as a foliage spray treatment.

Test Example 12 Cotton Aphid Control Test A leaf disk having a diameter of 2.0 cm was cut out from a cucumber grown in a pot, and a chemical solution having a predetermined concentration prepared to be 50% acetone water (added with 0.05% Tween 20) was sprayed on the leaf disk. . After air drying, the first instar larvae were released. Thereafter, this was left in a constant temperature room at 25 ° C. (16 hours light period 18 hours dark period). The insects were observed for life and death 3 days after the release, and the death rate was calculated according to the following formula. The test was conducted in a two-run system.
Mortality rate (%) = {Number of dead insects / (Number of living insects tens of dead insects)} x 100
As shown in Table 4, the PF1378 substance also showed insecticidal activity against cotton aphids as a foliage spray treatment.

Test Example 13 Citrus thrips control test A leaf disk with a diameter of 2.8 cm was cut out from green beans grown in a pot and sprayed with a chemical solution of a predetermined concentration prepared to be 50% acetone water (added with 0.05% Tween 20). did. After air drying, the first instar larvae were released. Thereafter, this was left in a constant temperature room at 25 ° C. (16 hours light period 18 hours dark period). The insects were observed for life and death 3 days after the release, and the death rate was calculated according to the following formula. The test was conducted in a two-run system.
Mortality rate (%) = {Number of dead insects / (Number of living insects tens of dead insects)} x 100
As shown in Table 4, the PF1378 substance also showed insecticidal activity against citrus yellow thrips as a foliage spray treatment.

Claims (11)

  An agricultural and horticultural insecticide comprising, as an active ingredient, 16-keto aspergillimide (PF1378 substance), an enantiomer thereof, a mixture thereof, or an agriculturally and horticulturally acceptable acid addition salt thereof.   An osmotic insecticide comprising, as an active ingredient, a PF1378 substance, its enantiomer, a mixture thereof, or an agriculturally and horticulturally acceptable acid addition salt thereof.   Effective amount of PF1378 substance, its enantiomers, mixtures thereof, or their horticulture-acceptable acid addition salts, water surface, soil, nutrient solution in hydroponic culture, solid medium in hydroponic culture, plant seed, root A method for controlling agricultural and horticultural pests, comprising applying to a subject selected from the group consisting of: a tuber, a bulb, and a rhizome.   The control method according to claim 3, wherein the application target is soil or plant seeds.   The pest control method according to claim 3, wherein the pest is selected from the group consisting of hemiptidal pests, thrips pests, diptera, and Coleoptera pests.   The application target is a plant seed, and 1 g to 10 kg of PF1378 substance, an enantiomer thereof, a mixture thereof, or an agriculturally and horticulturally acceptable acid addition salt thereof is applied per 100 kg of the seed. The control method according to claim 1.   The control method according to claim 6, wherein 100 g to 1 kg of a PF1378 substance, an enantiomer thereof, a mixture thereof, or an agriculturally and horticulturally acceptable acid addition salt is applied per 100 kg of seeds.   The application target is soil, and 0.1 g to 10 kg of PF1378 substance, its enantiomer, a mixture thereof, or an agriculturally and horticulturally acceptable acid addition salt is applied per 10 ares of cultivated land. The method according to any one of the above.   The method according to claim 8, wherein 1 g to 1 kg of the PF1378 substance, its enantiomer, a mixture thereof, or an agriculturally and horticulturally acceptable acid addition salt is applied per 10 ares of arable land.   Use of the PF1378 substance, its enantiomers, mixtures thereof, or their horticulturally acceptable acid addition salts as agricultural and horticultural insecticides.   Use of the PF1378 substance, its enantiomers, mixtures thereof, or their horticulturally acceptable acid addition salts as osmotic pesticides.