JPWO2008075678A1 - Method for treating oil-containing wastewater using yeast and novel yeast - Google Patents

Method for treating oil-containing wastewater using yeast and novel yeast Download PDF

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JPWO2008075678A1
JPWO2008075678A1 JP2008550152A JP2008550152A JPWO2008075678A1 JP WO2008075678 A1 JPWO2008075678 A1 JP WO2008075678A1 JP 2008550152 A JP2008550152 A JP 2008550152A JP 2008550152 A JP2008550152 A JP 2008550152A JP WO2008075678 A1 JPWO2008075678 A1 JP WO2008075678A1
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正博 山元
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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
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    • C12N11/00—Carrier-bound or immobilised enzymes; Carrier-bound or immobilised microbial cells; Preparation thereof
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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
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    • C12R2001/00—Microorganisms ; Processes using microorganisms
    • C12R2001/645—Fungi ; Processes using fungi
    • C12R2001/84—Pichia

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Abstract

グリストラップ又は汚水分解処理槽において微生物の流出を少なくし、かつ微生物の増殖を促進し、さらに微生物による油脂分解を効率よく行うための方法及び微生物担持担体を提供する。具体的には、グリストラップ又は汚水分解処理槽内の廃水に、水に対して比重１以下の多孔質担体を浮かせ、高い油脂分解能を有する酵母を用いてグリストラップ又は汚水分解処理槽内の油脂を分解することを含む方法、及び、高い油脂分解能を有する酵母を用いてグリストラップ又は汚水分解処理槽内の油脂を分解するための酵母担持担体であって、水に対して比重１以下で、多孔質である担体を提供する。また、新規な酵母を提供する。Provided are a method and a microorganism-supporting carrier for reducing the outflow of microorganisms in a grease trap or a sewage decomposition treatment tank, promoting the growth of microorganisms, and further efficiently decomposing oils and fats by microorganisms. Specifically, a fat carrier in a grease trap or a sewage decomposition treatment tank is floated on a porous carrier having a specific gravity of 1 or less with respect to water, and the fats and oils in the grease trap or the sewage decomposition treatment tank are used by using yeast having high oil and fat resolution. And a yeast-carrying carrier for degrading fats and oils in a grease trap or a sewage decomposition treatment tank using yeast having a high oil-fat resolving capacity, and having a specific gravity of 1 or less with respect to water, A support that is porous is provided. Moreover, a novel yeast is provided.

Description

本発明は、グリストラップ又は汚水分解処理槽内の油脂を処理するための方法及び酵母担持担体に関する。
さらに、本発明は、新規な酵母及び当該酵母を用いた油脂の処理方法に関する。The present invention relates to a method for treating fats and oils in a grease trap or a sewage decomposition treatment tank and a yeast carrier.
Furthermore, this invention relates to the processing method of the fats and oils using the novel yeast and the said yeast.

グリストラップ又は汚水分解処理槽における曝気処理等の通常の分解処理では、油分を多く含む汚泥は分解が進まず浮上汚泥として分取投棄されている。レストランのキッチン等に配備されているグリストラップにおいても、油分を多く含む汚泥は浮上し蓄積され悪臭を放つので、定期的に分取投棄されている。   In a normal decomposition process such as an aeration process in a grease trap or a sewage decomposition tank, sludge containing a large amount of oil does not progress in decomposition and is collected and dumped as floating sludge. Even in grease traps installed in restaurant kitchens, sludge containing a large amount of oil rises and accumulates, giving off a foul odor, and is regularly discarded.

また、グリストラップにおいて油脂分解を微生物によって促進させることも提案されている（特許文献１）。しかしながら、グリストラップのような特殊な環境下で微生物を十分に働かせることは困難であり、また、油脂分解性の微生物を投入しても、その大半は流されてしまい効果を十分には発揮できないなどの問題があった。
特開２００４−１８８４０５号公報 In addition, it has been proposed that fat and oil decomposition is promoted by microorganisms in grease traps (Patent Document 1). However, it is difficult for microorganisms to work sufficiently in a special environment such as grease trap, and even if oil-degradable microorganisms are introduced, most of them are washed away and the effect cannot be fully demonstrated. There were problems such as.
JP 2004-188405 A

そこで、本発明は、グリストラップ又は汚水分解処理槽において微生物の流出を少なくし、かつ微生物の増殖を促進し、さらに微生物による油脂分解を効率よく行うための方法及び微生物担持担体を提供することを目的とする。
さらに、本発明は、高い油脂分解能を有する新規酵母を提供することを目的とする。
また、本発明は、高い油脂分解能を有する新規酵母を用いて、油脂を分解すること及びグリストラップ又は汚水分解処理槽内の油脂を処理することを目的とする。Therefore, the present invention provides a method and a microorganism-supporting carrier for reducing the outflow of microorganisms in a grease trap or a sewage decomposition treatment tank, promoting the growth of microorganisms, and further efficiently decomposing fats and oils by microorganisms. Objective.
Furthermore, an object of this invention is to provide the novel yeast which has high fat and oil resolution | decomposability.
Moreover, this invention aims at decomposing | disassembling fats and oils in a grease trap or a sewage decomposition processing tank using the novel yeast which has high fat-and-oil resolution | decomposability.

従って、本発明は、グリストラップ又は汚水分解処理槽内の廃水に、水に対して比重１以下の多孔質担体と高い油脂分解能を有する酵母を投入し、酵母によってグリストラップ又は汚水分解処理槽内の油脂を分解する方法を提供する。本方法において使用される酵母は、ピチア・ファリノサ（Pichia farinosa）である。
さらに、本発明は、グリストラップ又は汚水分解処理槽内の油脂を分解するための多孔質担体を提供する。本発明に係る多孔質担体は、水に対して比重１以下である担体本体に高い油脂分解能を有する酵母を担持させた担体である。Therefore, in the present invention, the waste water in the grease trap or the sewage decomposition treatment tank is charged with a porous carrier having a specific gravity of 1 or less and yeast having a high oil and fat resolution with respect to the water, A method for decomposing oil and fat is provided. The yeast used in this method is Pichia farinosa.
Furthermore, this invention provides the porous support | carrier for decomposing | disassembling the fats and oils in a grease trap or a sewage decomposition processing tank. The porous carrier according to the present invention is a carrier in which yeast having a high oil-fat resolution is supported on a carrier body having a specific gravity of 1 or less with respect to water.

本発明において、担体は水面付近に浮いた状態になる。好ましくは、担体の半分以上が水面下にあり、より好ましくは９割以上が水面下にある。油脂は水面上部に集まり易いので、このような担体では、酵母を油脂と効率よく接触させることが可能となる。さらに、酵母が酸素を得やすい状態となる。さらに、グリストラップの廃水流出口は容器下部にあるため、水面付近に浮いた状態とすることで担体の流出が防がれ、担体の回収も容易となる。
本発明において、好適には、排水中の油脂は好気的に分解される。
酵母を添加した槽内ではエアレーションを行ってもよい。さらに、槽内に酵母由来酵素を添加して槽内の油脂含有汚水をエマルジョン化してもよい。
本発明に係る酵母による油脂分解方法では、悪臭が発生しないという利点がある。In the present invention, the carrier floats near the water surface. Preferably, more than half of the carrier is below the water surface, more preferably 90% or more is below the water surface. Since fats and oils are likely to gather at the upper part of the water surface, such a carrier enables yeast to come into contact with the fats and oils efficiently. Further, the yeast is in a state where it is easy to obtain oxygen. Further, since the waste water outlet of the grease strap is located at the lower part of the container, the carrier is prevented from flowing out by being floated near the water surface, and the carrier can be easily recovered.
In the present invention, the fats and oils in the wastewater are preferably decomposed aerobically.
You may perform aeration in the tank which added yeast. Furthermore, you may emulsify the fat-containing waste water in a tank by adding the yeast origin enzyme in a tank.
The method for decomposing fats and oils using yeast according to the present invention has an advantage that no malodor is generated.

多孔質担体本体としては、例えば、ゼオライト、スポンジ、紙及び綿布が挙げられる。本発明では、好ましくは油脂吸収性のスポンジ、より好ましくは合成スポンジ、特にポリウレタンスポンジを使用する。
本発明で使用される多孔質担体は、油脂含有汚水中で汚水、特に油脂を担体表面に吸着、好ましくは担体内部に吸収し、従って、油脂を資化する微生物の担持体、あるいは培養体としての役割を果たす。
従って、担体材料は、孔数が多く、非撥油性ないしは油脂吸収性（油脂をはじかず多孔質の空隙中に油脂を吸収する性質をここではこう表現する）を有するが、水や油脂を吸収しても比重１を超えず沈まないないものが好ましい。特に、グリストラップ又は汚水分解処理槽内で長期に渡って浮いた状態が保たれる必要がある。このような多孔質担体では孔が油を吸収し、担体に集まった酵母によって油が分解される。また、グリストラップ又は汚水分解処理槽内の曝気が行われる場合には、担体はその表面に気体を付着させるため、好気性微生物の増殖及び活性を向上させるという効果も有する。さらに多孔質担体は水吸収性も有していることが好ましい。毛細管現象により微生物が吸着され易くなるためである。Examples of the porous carrier body include zeolite, sponge, paper, and cotton cloth. In the present invention, an oil-absorbing sponge is preferably used, more preferably a synthetic sponge, particularly a polyurethane sponge.
The porous carrier used in the present invention absorbs sewage, particularly fats and oils on the carrier surface in the fat-containing sewage, preferably absorbs the inside of the carrier, and therefore, as a carrier or culture for microorganisms that assimilate the fats and oils. To play a role.
Therefore, the carrier material has a large number of pores and has a non-oil repellency or oil and fat absorption property (herein, the property of absorbing oil and fat in a porous void without repelling oil and fat is expressed here), but it absorbs water and fat and oil. Even if it does not exceed a specific gravity of 1 and does not sink, it is preferable. In particular, it is necessary to maintain a floating state for a long time in the grease trap or the sewage decomposition treatment tank. In such a porous carrier, the pores absorb the oil, and the oil is decomposed by the yeast collected on the carrier. In addition, when aeration is performed in the grease trap or the sewage decomposition treatment tank, the carrier attaches gas to the surface thereof, and thus has an effect of improving the growth and activity of aerobic microorganisms. Furthermore, it is preferable that the porous carrier also has water absorbability. This is because microorganisms are easily adsorbed by the capillary phenomenon.

一方、発泡スチロールのような比重の小さい軽い担体は水面より上に担体の体積のほとんどが浮き出てしまい、また、セルロースのような担体は沈んでしまうため、本発明の好ましい使用態様ではない。海洋流出油の吸着などに使用される綿などの材料は繊維がほどけてばらばらになってしまうため、槽内から流出し易いなどの問題がある。さらに、油脂吸収性でない担体では、油脂分解能を有する酵母が担体内で増殖できないという問題もある。
本発明の多孔質担体は、排水流入時の温度や酸度等の急激な変化を緩和して酵母及び他の共生油脂分解菌を保持させる。従って、多孔質担体は担体外部の環境から酵母を守ることができ、かつ、担体内の酵母に油脂が届くのに適当な大きさを有し、例えば、１ｃｍ以上で５ｃｍ未満の辺又は直径を有する角柱又は球状である。酵母の死滅を防ぐためには酵母生育環境を６０℃未満に維持することが必要である。従って、槽サイズが小さく非常に高温になるグリストラップ又は汚水分解処理槽の場合には、酵母増殖に適した環境の外部槽（迂回槽）を設け、そこで酵母による油脂分解処理を行ってもよい。
また、本発明の多孔質担体は、その表面付近に油脂の被膜を形成させて、温度上昇等の変化をさらに緩和させる効果も有する。On the other hand, a light carrier having a small specific gravity such as polystyrene foam is not a preferred embodiment of the present invention because most of the carrier volume is raised above the water surface and a carrier such as cellulose sinks. Materials such as cotton used for the absorption of marine spilled oil have problems such as being easily spilled from the tank because the fibers are loosened and separated. Furthermore, in a carrier that is not oil-absorbable, there is a problem that yeast having fat-and-oil decomposability cannot grow in the carrier.
The porous carrier of the present invention relieves rapid changes in temperature, acidity and the like during drainage inflow, and retains yeast and other symbiotic fat-degrading bacteria. Therefore, the porous carrier can protect the yeast from the environment outside the carrier, and has a size suitable for the fats and oils to reach the yeast in the carrier. For example, the porous carrier has a side or diameter of 1 cm or more and less than 5 cm. It has a prismatic or spherical shape. In order to prevent the death of the yeast, it is necessary to maintain the yeast growth environment below 60 ° C. Therefore, in the case of a grease trap or sewage decomposition treatment tank that has a small tank size and a very high temperature, an external tank (detour tank) having an environment suitable for yeast growth may be provided, and the fat and oil decomposition treatment by yeast may be performed there. .
In addition, the porous carrier of the present invention has an effect of further reducing changes such as temperature rise by forming a film of fats and oils in the vicinity of the surface.

本発明に係る方法では、多孔質担体に酵母を植えてから添加しても、担体本体と酵母を別々に槽内に添加してもよいが、酵母はその後担体で増殖する。好ましくは、油を含浸させた多孔質材料を高温殺菌し、酵母を植えることによって得られた酵母担持担体を使用する。油を含浸させた多孔質材料に、さらに酵母抽出物（たとえば、焼酎廃液）を含浸させてもよい。高い油脂分解能を有する酵母が付着増殖した多孔質担体を、長期間グリストラップ又は汚水分解処理槽に浮かせていると、他の油脂資化性の微生物も多孔質担体の内部又は表面に増殖するため、油脂分解は酵母と他の油脂分解性微生物によって相乗的に促進される。
本発明の方法では、増殖した酵母及び微生物が、排水管にも流入、付着し汚泥分解を行うため、下流の排水管の付着汚れを解消するという利点もある。
本方法では、さらに好ましくは、酵母担持担体とともに酵母培養液をグリストラップ又は汚水分解処理槽に添加する。酵母培養液は、酵母由来酵素によって瞬時の悪臭除去に役立つ。In the method according to the present invention, the yeast may be added after the yeast is planted on the porous carrier, or the carrier body and the yeast may be separately added to the tank, but the yeast is then grown on the carrier. Preferably, a yeast-supported carrier obtained by high-temperature sterilization of a porous material impregnated with oil and planting yeast is used. The porous material impregnated with oil may be further impregnated with yeast extract (for example, shochu waste liquid). If the porous carrier on which yeast with high oil / fat degradability is attached and proliferated is floated in a grease trap or sewage decomposition treatment tank for a long time, other oil-assimilating microorganisms will also grow inside or on the surface of the porous carrier. Oil degradation is synergistically promoted by yeast and other oil-degrading microorganisms.
In the method of the present invention, since the grown yeast and microorganisms flow into and adhere to the drain pipe and decompose sludge, there is also an advantage that the adhered dirt on the downstream drain pipe is eliminated.
In this method, it is more preferable to add the yeast culture solution together with the yeast-supporting carrier to the grease trap or the sewage decomposition treatment tank. The yeast culture solution is useful for instantaneous malodor removal by yeast-derived enzymes.

また、本発明は、高い油脂分解能を有する新規な酵母を提供する。
本発明に係る酵母は、特にＮＩＴＥ特許微生物寄託センターに寄託番号ＮＩＴＥ ＢＰ−２８７で２００６年１１月３０日に寄託された酵母である。この酵母は、ピチア属に属し、特にピチア・ファリノサ（Pichia farinosa）の種であると推定され、高い油脂資化能を有し、油脂以外の炭素源なしで、即ち油脂のみを炭素源とする培地でも生育可能である。
本発明で提供される新規な酵母は、特に好気的に油脂を分解する能力を有し、さらに、この酵母は動物性油脂も分解資化できる。また、ピチア・ファリノサの他の菌株と比較して油脂分解速度が非常に速いという優れた能力を有する。本酵母をグリストラップ又は汚水分解処理槽内の油脂分解に使用すると、汚水分解に有用な他の微生物の増殖を促進する一方、塊を発生させるような有害微生物の増殖を防ぐことができる。Moreover, this invention provides the novel yeast which has high fat and oil resolution | decomposability.
The yeast according to the present invention is the yeast deposited at the NITE Patent Microorganism Depositary Center under the deposit number NITE BP-287 on November 30, 2006. This yeast belongs to the genus Pichia, and is presumed to be a species of Pichia farinosa in particular, has a high ability to assimilate fats and oils and has no carbon source other than fats and oils, that is, only fats and oils are used as a carbon source. It can also grow in a medium.
The novel yeast provided by the present invention has the ability to decompose fats and oils particularly aerobically, and the yeast can also assimilate animal fats and oils. Moreover, it has the outstanding capability that a fat-oil decomposition rate is very quick compared with the other strains of Pichia farinosa. When this yeast is used for fats and oils decomposition in the grease trap or the sewage decomposition treatment tank, the growth of other microorganisms useful for sewage decomposition can be promoted, while the growth of harmful microorganisms such as generation of lumps can be prevented.

グリストラップ又は汚水分解処理槽に流れ込む廃水の温度、内容成分及び流量等の観点から、そこで使用される分解処理用微生物もこの環境に対する適応性及び耐性を有していなくてはならない。また、処理において悪臭を発生しない微生物であることが好ましい。本発明によって提供される新規な酵母は、グリストラップ又は汚水分解処理槽での処理に適しており、高い油脂分解能を有するのみならず、特殊な環境（例えば、高温又は低温の水温、及び高い又は低いｐＨ値）に対する適応性及び耐性があり、分解処理に際して悪臭を発生せず、人に対して安全である。
本発明に係る酵母は、グリストラップのような流れのある環境でも多孔質担体内にとどまることができ、長期間に渡っての処理が可能であるという利点も有する。
さらに、本酵母の添加は、消臭の効果もあり、グリストラップ又は汚水分解処理槽の悪臭を除去するという効果がある。From the viewpoint of the temperature, content components and flow rate of the wastewater flowing into the grease trap or the sewage decomposition treatment tank, the microorganisms for decomposition used therein must also have adaptability and resistance to this environment. Moreover, it is preferable that it is a microorganism which does not generate a bad smell in a process. The novel yeast provided by the present invention is suitable for treatment in grease traps or sewage decomposition treatment tanks, and not only has high oil and fat resolution, but also in special environments (e.g. hot or cold water temperature, and high or It is adaptable and resistant to (low pH value), does not generate malodor during the decomposition process, and is safe for humans.
The yeast according to the present invention has the advantage that it can remain in the porous carrier even in a flowing environment such as a grease trap and can be treated for a long period of time.
Furthermore, the addition of the present yeast also has a deodorizing effect, and has the effect of removing malodor from the grease trap or the sewage decomposition treatment tank.

本発明は、高い油脂分解能を有する酵母を含む含油廃水処理剤、及び当該酵母を担体に担持させた含油廃水処理用担体を提供する。
さらに、本発明は、高い油脂分解能を有する酵母を用いて油脂を分解する方法、及び当該酵母をグリストラップ又は汚水分解処理槽に添加し当該酵母により油脂を処理する方法を提供する。The present invention provides an oil-containing wastewater treatment agent containing yeast having a high oil-fat resolution, and an oil-containing wastewater treatment carrier in which the yeast is supported on a carrier.
Furthermore, this invention provides the method of decomposing | disassembling fats and oils using the yeast which has high oil-fat resolution | decomposability, and the method of processing fats and oils by adding the said yeast to a grease trap or a sewage decomposition processing tank.

図１は、汚水分解処理槽を図示したものである。FIG. 1 illustrates a sewage decomposition treatment tank. 図２は、本発明の方法における汚水分解処理槽を図示したものである。FIG. 2 illustrates a sewage decomposition treatment tank in the method of the present invention. 図３は、本発明に係る酵母を培養した写真を示す。FIG. 3 shows a photograph of the yeast according to the present invention cultured. 図４は、本発明に係る酵母の走査型電子顕微鏡写真を示す。FIG. 4 shows a scanning electron micrograph of the yeast according to the present invention. 図５は、本発明に係る酵母と近縁とされる菌株とその同一性を示す。FIG. 5 shows the strains closely related to the yeast according to the present invention and their identities. 図６は、本発明に係る酵母と近縁株との近隣結合法による系統樹を示す。FIG. 6 shows a phylogenetic tree according to the neighbor binding method between yeast and related strains according to the present invention. 図７は、本発明に係る酵母の３０℃培養における油分分解性を示す。FIG. 7 shows the oil decomposability of the yeast according to the present invention in 30 ° C. culture. 図８は、本発明に係る酵母の３７℃培養における油分分解性を示す。FIG. 8 shows oil decomposability in 37 ° C. culture of the yeast according to the present invention. 図９は、実施例１で使用した汚水分解処理槽を図示したものである。FIG. 9 illustrates the sewage decomposition treatment tank used in Example 1. 図１０は、本発明に係る酵母の投入前（Ａ）と投入して２４時間後（Ｂ）のグリストラップの写真である。FIG. 10 is a photograph of the grease trap before (A) and 24 hours after the introduction of the yeast according to the present invention (B). 図１１は、実施例３の結果を示す写真である。FIG. 11 is a photograph showing the results of Example 3. 図１２は、実施例６の結果をグラフに表わしたものである。FIG. 12 is a graph showing the results of Example 6. 図１３は、実施例７の結果をグラフに表したものである。FIG. 13 is a graph showing the results of Example 7. 図１４は、実施例８の結果をグラフに表したものである。FIG. 14 is a graph showing the results of Example 8.

発明の実施の形態BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION

以下に本発明の好適な実施の形態を説明する。
通常、レストラン等のグリストラップにおいて、油分を多量に含む汚泥は水よりも軽く、浮き上がる性質を持つので、図１のように排出経路に下部から流れ出るような障壁を入れ、汚泥を浮揚させて分離除去する。
本発明の好ましい実施態様では、スポンジ等の多孔性かつ水よりも小さい比重の物質中に酵母を固定化し、図２のようにグリストラップ又は汚水分解処理槽に投入する。
また、グリストラップ又は汚水分解処理槽において、エアレーションを行ってもよい。Hereinafter, preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described.
Normally, in a grease trap such as a restaurant, sludge containing a large amount of oil is lighter than water and has the property of floating. Remove.
In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, yeast is immobilized in a porous material having a specific gravity smaller than water, such as a sponge, and put into a grease trap or a sewage decomposition treatment tank as shown in FIG.
Moreover, you may perform aeration in a grease trap or a sewage decomposition processing tank.

本発明に係る新規な酵母は、ＮＩＴＥ特許微生物寄託センター（ＮＰＭＤ）に寄託番号ＮＩＴＥ ＢＰ−２８７として寄託されている。この酵母は、ピチア・ファリノサ（Pichia farinosa）に属する新菌株であると考えられる。さらに本発明により提供される酵母は、高い油脂分解能を有している。   The novel yeast according to the present invention has been deposited at the NITE Patent Microbial Deposit Center (NPMD) under the deposit number NITE BP-287. This yeast is considered to be a new strain belonging to Pichia farinosa. Furthermore, the yeast provided by the present invention has a high oil and fat resolution.

本発明に係る新規な酵母、ＮＩＴＥ ＢＰ−２８７は、以下の分類学的性質を有していた。
１．培養的・形態的性質
本酵母をＭＹ培地で３０℃２日間静置培養した写真を、図３に示す。
ＭＹ培地（４０ｍｌ）：
バクトイースト抽出物 ０．１２ｇ
麦芽抽出物 ０．１２ｇ
トリプトンペプトン ０．２ｇ
グルコース ０．４ｇ
寒天 ０．６ｇ
また、走査型電子顕微鏡による本酵母の形態の写真を、図４に示す。The novel yeast according to the present invention, NITE BP-287, had the following taxonomic properties.
1. Culture and Morphological Properties FIG. 3 shows a photograph in which the yeast was statically cultured in MY medium at 30 ° C. for 2 days.
MY medium (40 ml):
Bact yeast extract 0.12g
Malt extract 0.12g
Tryptone Peptone 0.2g
Glucose 0.4g
Agar 0.6g
Moreover, the photograph of the form of this yeast by a scanning electron microscope is shown in FIG.

２．生理学的・化学分類学的性質
本酵母の１８ＳｒＤＮＡ全長塩基配列は、配列番号：１の通りであった。
本酵母と近縁とされる菌株とその同一性を図５に示す。
本酵母と近縁株との近隣結合法による系統樹を図６に示す。この結果、本酵母はピチア・ファリノサ（Pichia farinosa）であると推定される。2. Physiological and chemical taxonomic properties The 18S rDNA full-length base sequence of this yeast was as shown in SEQ ID NO: 1.
FIG. 5 shows the strains closely related to the yeast and their identities.
FIG. 6 shows a phylogenetic tree obtained by the neighborhood binding method between the yeast and related strains. As a result, the yeast is presumed to be Pichia farinosa.

３．本酵母の油分解性
本酵母を、ＭＹ培地にサラダ油溶液１０％を加えて３０℃２０時間通気培養したものと、３７℃２０時間通気培養したものを、各々遠心分離し、上清を薄層クロマトグラフィーにかけて、その油分分解性をみた結果を、図７及び図８に示す。この結果から、本酵母は、３０℃培養において大部分、３７℃培養においてほぼ完璧にサラダ油由来の油分を分解することが分かる。3. Oil-degradability of the yeast The yeast was aerated in 10% salad oil solution in MY medium and cultured at 30 ° C for 20 hours and aerated at 37 ° C for 20 hours. FIG. 7 and FIG. 8 show the results of examining the oil decomposability by chromatography. From this result, it can be seen that the present yeast decomposes the oil component derived from salad oil almost completely in 30 ° C. culture and in 37 ° C. culture.

本発明に係る新規酵母による油脂処理方法は、被処理体、例えばグリストラップ又は汚水分解処理槽内の廃水中に上記酵母を添加することによってなされる。好ましくは、酵母とともに多孔質の担体が投入される。酵母が担体に担持され添加の頻度を減らすことができ、また、担体に油脂が吸着することにより酵母による油脂分解が促進される。
本発明に係る含油廃水処理剤は、上記の新規酵母と、場合によっては担体を含む。
本発明に係る含油廃水処理用担体は、上記の新規酵母を担持させた担体であり、好ましくは多孔体、例えばスポンジ、ゼオライト、紙が使用される。 The method for treating fats and oils with the novel yeast according to the present invention is performed by adding the yeast to wastewater in an object to be treated, such as grease trap or sewage decomposition treatment tank. Preferably, a porous carrier is added together with the yeast. Yeast is supported on a carrier and the frequency of addition can be reduced, and the fat and oil decomposition by yeast is promoted by the adsorption of fat and oil on the carrier.
The oil-containing wastewater treatment agent according to the present invention contains the above novel yeast and, in some cases, a carrier.
The oil-containing wastewater treatment carrier according to the present invention is a carrier on which the above-mentioned novel yeast is supported, and preferably a porous material such as sponge, zeolite, or paper is used.

グリストラップもしくは汚水分解処理槽における浮上汚泥の分解１
多孔性かつ比重が水よりも軽い１ｃｍ角のスポンジに酵母（ＮＩＴＥ特許微生物寄託センター（ＮＰＭＤ）に２００６年１１月３０日に寄託された寄託番号ＮＩＴＥ ＢＰ−２８７の酵母）を固定化し、図９のように投入した。その結果この処理槽では長期にわたり汚泥が浮揚することなく分解が継続された。
図１０の写真Ａは固定化菌体投入前のグリストラップである。油性の汚泥が浮上している。このグリストラップに、スポンジに固定化した菌体を投入して２４時間曝気したのが写真Ｂである。見事に汚泥が分解されているのが確認出来る。
処理中、６０℃以上の熱水が流入し、洗剤も流入したが担体表面に付着した空気層によりスポンジ内の微生物が保護されていた。Decomposition of floating sludge in grease trap or sewage decomposition tank 1
Yeast (yeast with the deposit number NITE BP-287 deposited on November 30, 2006 at the NITE Patent Microorganism Depositary Center (NPMD)) was immobilized on a 1 cm square sponge which is lighter than water and has a specific gravity of FIG. It was input as follows. As a result, in this treatment tank, decomposition continued without sludge floating for a long time.
Photo A in FIG. 10 is a grease trap before the immobilized cells are introduced. Oily sludge is emerging. Photograph B shows the cells that were aerated for 24 hours after the cells immobilized on the sponge were put into the grease trap. It can be confirmed that the sludge is decomposed brilliantly.
During the treatment, hot water of 60 ° C. or higher flowed in and detergent also flowed in, but the microorganisms in the sponge were protected by the air layer attached to the surface of the carrier.

グリストラップもしくは汚水分解処理槽における浮上汚泥の分解２
２ｃｍ角のポリウレタンスポンジにＮＩＴＥ ＢＰ−２８７株の酵母を固定化し、図９のように投入した。ノルマルヘキサン値が減少し、雑菌の塊が発生せず、汚水分解に有用な他の微生物が増殖したことが確認された。Decomposition of floating sludge in grease trap or sewage decomposition tank 2
NITE BP-287 yeast was immobilized on a 2 cm square polyurethane sponge and charged as shown in FIG. It was confirmed that the normal hexane value decreased, no clumps of germs were generated, and other microorganisms useful for sewage decomposition grew.

油を含む水を入れた瓶を用意し、チューブを用いて空気を送り込んだ（Ａ）。他方、同様に油を含む水とスポンジを入れた瓶を用意し、チューブを用いて空気を送り込んだ（Ｂ）。
その結果、瓶（Ａ）は上部に油が分離した状態となったが（図１１Ａ）、瓶（Ｂ）はスポンジが油を吸着した（図１１Ｂ）。
従って、油脂分解性微生物が多量に存在するスポンジに油分を集約させることが可能であることが確認され、本発明の方法では効率よく油分が分解できることが分かる。A bottle containing water containing oil was prepared, and air was sent in using a tube (A). On the other hand, similarly, a bottle containing water containing oil and a sponge was prepared, and air was fed using a tube (B).
As a result, the bottle (A) was in a state where the oil was separated in the upper part (FIG. 11A), but the sponge in the bottle (B) adsorbed the oil (FIG. 11B).
Therefore, it is confirmed that the oil can be concentrated on a sponge containing a large amount of oil-degradable microorganisms, and it can be seen that the method of the present invention can efficiently decompose the oil.

スポンジ材質の比較
一般に手に入るスポンジの材質は、ポリウレタン、ポリエチレン、メラミンである。Pichia farinosaのグリーストラップ処理における担体として最も適したスポンジの材質を検討した。 Comparison of sponge materials Generally available sponge materials are polyurethane, polyethylene and melamine. The most suitable sponge material as a carrier for grease trap treatment of Pichia farinosa was investigated.

実験結果
水とサラダ油の入った容器にポリエチレン、メラミン及びポリウレタンを入れてスポンジの材質によるサラダ油の吸着の状態を観察した。結果は以下の通りであった。
１．ポリエチレン
部分的に油を吸着しているが、全て吸収しきれずに表面に浮かんでいる。
２．メラミン：
油を吸着せず表面に浮かんでいる。
３．ポリウレタン：
スポンジ全体で油を吸収し、表面に油滴は見られない。Experimental Results Polyethylene, melamine and polyurethane were placed in a container containing water and salad oil, and the state of adsorption of salad oil by the sponge material was observed. The results were as follows.
1. Polyethylene Partially adsorbs oil but does not absorb all but floats on the surface.
2. melamine:
It floats on the surface without adsorbing oil.
3. Polyurethane:
The entire sponge absorbs oil and no oil droplets are seen on the surface.

サラダ油を浮かべた水においてポリウレタンが最もサラダ油を吸着することが分かった。従って、グリーストラップ処理におけるPichia farinosaの担体としてポリウレタンが最適であると考えられる。   It was found that polyurethane adsorbs salad oil most in water with floating salad oil. Therefore, polyurethane is considered to be optimal as a carrier for Pichia farinosa in the grease trap treatment.

グリストラップにおけるノルマルヘキサン値の測定１
グリストラップにおけるノルマルヘキサン値は、３万ｐｐｍからスポンジ投入によって２万４千ｐｐｍとなり、酵母菌の投入によって１万ｐｐｍ以下に低下した。Measurement of normal hexane value in grease trap 1
The normal hexane value in the grease trap was changed from 30,000 ppm to 24,000 ppm by introducing sponge, and decreased to 10,000 ppm or less by adding yeast.

グリストラップにおけるノルマルヘキサン値の測定２
グリストラップ内にて下記の条件で１ヶ月間処理を続け、毎朝の槽内のノルマルヘキサン値を測定した。なお、無処理のグリストラップのノルマルヘキサン値は平均で９０００ｐｐｍ程度である。
１．Pichia farinosaを植えたスポンジを加えてのエアレーション
２．スポンジを加えてのエアレーション
３．エアレーションのみ
測定されたノルマルヘキサン値の１ヶ月間の平均値を図１２に示す。本発明に係る方法では、非常に効率よく油脂が処理されることが分かる。Measurement of normal hexane value in grease trap 2
The treatment was continued for one month in the grease trap under the following conditions, and the normal hexane value in the tank was measured every morning. In addition, the normal hexane value of the untreated grease trap is about 9000 ppm on average.
1. 1. Aeration with a sponge planted with Pichia farinosa 2. Aeration with sponge Only aeration The average value of the measured normal hexane values for one month is shown in FIG. It can be seen that the method according to the present invention treats fats and oils very efficiently.

油脂と無機塩のみの培地における起源の異なるPichia farinosaの生育の比較
実験方法
油脂と無機塩からなる培地にスラントからPichia farinosaを接種し、３７℃３日間振とう培養した。
希釈しMY培地に接種して酵母数を測定した。Comparative experiment method of growth of Pichia farinosa of different origin in medium containing only oil and fat salt Pichia farinosa was inoculated from slant into a medium consisting of fat and inorganic salt and cultured at 37 ° C for 3 days with shaking.
The yeast number was measured by diluting and inoculating MY medium.

表１．Pichia farinosaの起源による酵母数の比較
酵母数(cfu/g)
NITE BP-287株 2.01 ×107
東京農大保有株 2.11 ×105
JCM2986 4.68 ×106
JCM8895 2.41 ×105
JCM10734 1.61 ×105 Table 1. Comparison of yeast numbers by origin of Pichia farinosa
Yeast count (cfu / g)
NITE BP-287 shares 2.01 × 10 7
Tokyo University of Agriculture 2.11 × 10 5
JCM2986 4.68 × 10 6
JCM8895 2.41 × 10 5
JCM10734 1.61 × 10 5

結果をグラフ（図１３）に示した。
ＮＩＴＥ ＢＰ−２８７株は油脂と無機塩のみの培地において良好に生育した。
このことから、この菌株が油脂を分解し、エネルギー源として利用できることが示唆された。The results are shown in the graph (FIG. 13).
The NITE BP-287 strain grew well in a medium containing only fats and inorganic salts.
From this, it was suggested that this strain can be used as an energy source by decomposing fats and oils.

Pichia farinosaのＮＩＴＥ ＢＰ−２８７株と東京農大所有株における耐熱性の比較
レストラン厨房のグリーストラップに流れ込む排水の温度は一定ではなく、時には熱湯に近い水も流入する場合がある。このグリーストラップを微生物で処理する際、微生物が高温に耐えうるかどうかが重要なポイントとなる。そこで本発明の新規酵母と東京農大の菌株で耐熱性を試験し、比較した。Comparison of heat resistance between Pichia farinosa's NITE BP-287 and Tokyo University of Agriculture's stock The temperature of the wastewater flowing into the grease trap in the restaurant kitchen is not constant, and sometimes water close to hot water also flows in. When this grease trap is treated with microorganisms, it is important whether the microorganisms can withstand high temperatures. Therefore, heat resistance was tested and compared with the novel yeast of the present invention and the strain of Tokyo University of Agriculture.

実験方法
Pichia farinosaを焼酎粕培地を用いて２日間３７℃で振とう培養した。この培養液を試験管に分注し、それぞれ６０℃、７０℃、８０℃の恒温槽に３０分置き、加熱前の酵母数との比較を行った。酵母数測定は０．９％塩化ナトリウム溶液で段階希釈した後、ＭＹ培地で培養して求めた。
実験結果
酵母の生存率を次の表とグラフ（図１４）に示した。experimental method
Pichia farinosa was cultured with shaking in a shochu medium for 2 days at 37 ° C. This culture solution was dispensed into a test tube, placed in a thermostat at 60 ° C., 70 ° C., and 80 ° C. for 30 minutes, and compared with the number of yeasts before heating. The number of yeasts was determined by serial dilution with 0.9% sodium chloride solution and then culturing in MY medium.
Experimental Results The survival rate of yeast is shown in the following table and graph (FIG. 14).

表２．加熱処理によるPichia farinosaの生存率
東京農大菌株 ＮＩＴＥ ＢＰ−２８７菌株
加熱前 100.000 100.000
60℃30分 0.009 0.027
70℃30分 0.000 0.000
80℃30分 0.000 0.000
60℃30分においてＮＩＴＥ ＢＰ−２８７株の方が生存率が高くなった。本発明の酵母は、グリーストラップ内において他の菌株より優勢に生育することが出来る可能性がある。Table 2. Survival rate of Pichia farinosa by heat treatment
Tokyo University of Agriculture strain NITE BP-287 strain before heating 100.000 100.000
60 ° C 30 min 0.009 0.027
70 ° C 30 min 0.000 0.000
80 ° C 30 min 0.000 0.000
The survival rate of the NITE BP-287 strain was higher at 30 ° C. for 30 minutes. The yeast of the present invention may be able to grow predominantly in the grease trap over other strains.

Claims (15)

グリストラップ又は汚水分解処理槽内の廃水に、水に対して比重１以下の多孔質担体と高い油脂分解能を有する酵母を投入し、酵母によってグリストラップ又は汚水分解処理槽内の油脂を分解する方法であって、酵母がピチア・ファリノサ（Pichia farinosa）である方法。   A method for degrading fat and oil in a grease trap or a sewage decomposition treatment tank by adding a yeast having a porous carrier having a specific gravity of 1 or less and a high fat and oil resolving capacity to waste water in the grease trap or a sewage decomposition treatment tank. A method wherein the yeast is Pichia farinosa. 多孔質担体の水に対する比重が１未満である、請求項１に記載の方法。   The method according to claim 1, wherein the specific gravity of the porous carrier with respect to water is less than 1. 多孔質担体が、ゼオライト、スポンジ、紙及び綿布から選択される、請求項１又は２に記載の方法。   The method according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the porous carrier is selected from zeolite, sponge, paper and cotton cloth. 酵母が、炭素源として油脂のみを含有する培地での生育が可能である、請求項１ないし３の何れかに記載の方法。   The method according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the yeast is capable of growing on a medium containing only fats and oils as a carbon source. 酵母が、ＮＩＴＥ ＢＰ−２８７株である、請求項４に記載の方法。   The method according to claim 4, wherein the yeast is NITE BP-287 strain. グリストラップ又は汚水分解処理槽内の油脂を分解するための多孔質担体であって、水に対して比重１以下である担体本体に高い油脂分解能を有する酵母を担持させた担体。   A porous carrier for decomposing oil and fat in a grease trap or a sewage decomposition treatment tank, wherein a carrier body having a specific gravity of 1 or less with respect to water carries a yeast having high oil and fat resolution. 多孔質担体の水に対する比重が１未満である、請求項６に記載の担体。   The carrier according to claim 6, wherein the specific gravity of the porous carrier with respect to water is less than 1. 多孔質担体が、ゼオライト、スポンジ、紙及び綿布から選択される、請求項６又は７に記載の担体。   The carrier according to claim 6 or 7, wherein the porous carrier is selected from zeolite, sponge, paper and cotton cloth. 酵母が、炭素源として油脂のみを含有する培地での生育が可能である、請求項６ないし８の何れかに記載の担体。   The carrier according to any one of claims 6 to 8, wherein the yeast is capable of growing in a medium containing only fats and oils as a carbon source. 酵母が、ＮＩＴＥ ＢＰ−２８７株である、請求項９に記載の担体。   The carrier according to claim 9, wherein the yeast is NITE BP-287 strain. ピチア・ファリノサ（Pichia farinosa）ＮＩＴＥ ＢＰ−２８７株の酵母。   Yeast of Pichia farinosa NITE BP-287 strain. 請求項１１に記載の酵母を用いて油脂を分解する方法。   The method of decomposing | disassembling fats and oils using the yeast of Claim 11. 請求項１１に記載の酵母をグリストラップ又は汚水分解処理槽に添加し、当該酵母により油脂を処理する方法。   The method of processing fats and oils by adding the yeast of Claim 11 to a grease trap or a sewage decomposition processing tank. 請求項１１に記載の酵母を含む含油廃水処理剤。   An oil-containing wastewater treatment agent comprising the yeast according to claim 11. 請求項１１に記載の酵母を担体に担持させた含油廃水処理用担体。   The support | carrier for oil-containing wastewater treatment which carry | supported the yeast of Claim 11 on the support | carrier.
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