JPS649460B2 - - Google Patents

Description

[Detailed description of the invention]

The present invention relates to an engine control device.
especially the output shaft of the engine, i.e. the crankshaft.
one or more control loops centered on the instantaneous rotational speed of
integrated closure where the group is now closed.
This invention relates to a loop control device. Electronic ignition and fuel control systems are widely used in the automotive industry and
and related industries.
Ru. When these electronic controls first appeared, they were open loops.
However, regulations are set by law.
As the process progresses, it gradually becomes more and more complex.
Ta. How many variables do you need to detect and how do they change?
The number of auxiliary circuits for modifying the number is determined by the regulations.
It increased each time. electronic for internal combustion engines
The control device is engineered based on the technical concept of the control device.
It shall be possible to close the door around the center.
It is known that it is possible to develop a simpler control device by
It is. By doing this, the need to detect
The number of variables involved is reduced, simplifying control configuration.
At the same time, the overall efficiency of the device increases. to this
A related problem arises when the loop is the controlled object.
Select the appropriate engine parameters to be closed.
Is Rukoto. Stanford University, USA
K.W.Randall and Pa.
J.D. Powell is a project sponsored by the U.S. Department of Transportation.
Research by Logiect reveals the efficiency of internal combustion engines.
In order to maximize the piston's top dead center position,
Ignition timing to ignite at a position past 15 degrees
Adjust the pressure to maximize the pressure inside the cylinder.
It is concluded that. The results of this research are
Closed-loop control of combustion engines, engine efficiency and emissions
(Closed Loop Control of Internal
Combustion Engine Efficiency and Exhaust
The final report entitled “Emission)” No. SUDAAR
- Published in 503. This report includes closed loops.
A block diagram of the loop controller is included and
The loop control device senses the angle at which the highest pressure occurs.
detects the sensor and compares this detected angle with the desired 15 degree angle.
I'm starting to compare. The measured angle is the desired
The error signal generated at different angles is detected
occurs depending on other engine parameters
used to modify the ignition timing signal.
Ru. The above loop is closed around the cylinder pressure.
A closed-loop ignition control device equivalent to a loop control device has been developed in the United States.
It is disclosed in National Patent Nos. 3957023 and 3977373. Another closure disclosed in U.S. Pat. No. 3,897,766
Loop ignition controller to measure torque
A torque sensor that measures the torsion of the output shaft of a prime mover.
It uses sa. Measured torque and engine speed
degrees to close the loop around the engine.
used. US Pat. No. 4,002,155 by Notsking
The vibrations caused are attached to the engine.
Closed loops that are designed to be detected by accelerometers
A loop ignition device is disclosed. This device is
the number of individual vibrations that occur during a given angular rotation of the link shaft
count. If this number exceeds a predetermined number, it will turn off.
The ignition timing of the engine is retarded and this number is
When the number is less than the number, the ignition timing is advanced. U.S. Patent No. 4,015,566 describes engine operating parameters.
Closed loop ignition tie that is closed around the meter
A recording device is disclosed. This device is a catalytic converter.
The temperature of the exchanger and the composition of the exhaust gas (especially NO compounds)
Detect or detect uneven engine rotation
Uses a vibration sensor. Parameters to be measured
U.S. Patent No.
Similar to the device disclosed in No. 4002155. rice
Yet another closed system disclosed in National Patent No. 4026251
The loop device vibrates the ignition timing and
Disclosed to close the loop around the gin velocity
has been done. Developed by Randall and Powell, American
Disclosed in National Patent No. 3957023 and No. 3977373
In closed loop ignition timing devices,
The directly measured pressure inside the cylinder is
The most effective engine that targets directly
used as a link parameter. However, this
At least one cylinder of the engine
It is necessary to incorporate a pressure sensor inside the high temperature and high pressure
It is essential. Although such pressure sensors are expensive,
However, the lifespan is quite short, and
Retrofit the engine to use a pressure sensor
There is a need to. For use with spark plugs
The pressure sensor that has become popular is known, but this
Seed pressure sensors also have the disadvantage of being expensive and having a short lifespan.
There is. Disclosed in U.S. Patent No. 3,897,766
Direct measurement of engine torque solves this problem
An alternative, but relatively complex and expensive
Requires a lux measurement sensor. US Patent No.
4002155, engine disclosed in 4015566
Techniques for measuring the onset of knotting or uneven rotation
believed to be too inaccurate to meet today's standards.
However, as disclosed in U.S. Patent No. 4,026,251,
equipment that is subject to load changes other than ignition timing.
Factors such as motion affect engine speed,
Ineffective due to inaccurate ignition timing
It is believed that. Rules can be created for various engine parameters.
For internal combustion engines, the valve is designed to be closed.
Various closed loop fuel control systems have been developed.
One of the parameters for which the loop is closed is excluded.
It is a component of Qi (US Pat. No. 3,815,561). this rice
The device disclosed in the national patent measures the oxygen concentration in exhaust gas.
Oxygen (O₂) sensor is used,
Closing the loop for stoichiometric mixtures
Ru. However, the stoichiometric mixture makes the engine
It is known to be too dense for efficient operation.
Ru. each to run the engine with a lean mixture.
Seed technology is employed, but the desired dilute mixture
Aiki's ability to perform highly reliable closed-loop control is currently
Limited by the characteristics of existing oxygen sensors. as a parameter that is the object of closing the closed loop
U.S. patent for technology to detect engine rotational irregularities
Disclosed in No. 3789816. With this technology,
Mix until the engine rotational unevenness is at the specified level.
The spirit is diluted. Size of engine rotation irregularity
cannot drive a vehicle equipped with that engine.
Exhaust gas such as HC and CO without running out
The mixture can be brought to a point where the formation of the constituents is minimized.
Match the level of rotational unevenness that only dilutes the
selected as follows. The energy measured by this technique
The uneven rotation of the engine is caused by each cylinder of the engine.
As a result of the individual torque pulsations experienced, the engine
The rotational speed of the gin changes in stages.
Versus closing the fuel control loop to reduce uneven engine rotation
The most important parameter is the engine's fuel consumption.
This is the most effective way to maximize cost efficiency.
Ru. U.S. Patent No. 4,015,572 describes the
to the above device, closing the loop as an image parameter.
A similar fuel control system is disclosed. this device
In the preferred embodiment, the engine power is represented by
The back pressure of the exhaust gas is used in the
In the license specification, one revolution at a given number of revolutions
or more engine revolutions.
Torque cylinder pressure or total combustion pressure
It is also stated that we can use the time integral of
There is. Recently, a fuel injection plant located in New Jersey, USA,
Fuel Injection Development Company
Corporation) (holder of U.S. Patent No. 4015572)
``Breaking the wall of hope limit''
A promotional pamphlet entitled “The Lean Limit Barrier”
The engine's parameters to be measured are
It is stated that the rotational speed of the flywheel is
ing. As a measured parameter to close the loop
Another type of fuel control using engine rotational irregularities
In the device (U.S. Pat. No. 4,044,236), two equal
Large angular spacing, one angular spacing is the top dead end of each piston.
point, the other angular interval is after top dead center, the rotation
It is designed to measure rotation period. Same Siri
The change in the difference between the two rotation periods for the rotor is identified.
is compared with the standard value, and the change exceeds the standard value.
Sometimes an error signal is generated. US Patent No. 4044235
The period of three subsequent rotations is compared and the engine is
Determine whether the gin is rotating smoothly.
Another rotational unevenness control device is designed to
Disclosed. Flywheel rotation speed fluctuation
Engine revolutions detected by various means, including
Various methods used to close uneven control loops
There is a law. As mentioned above, ignition timing control
control, fuel control, fuel distribution control, etc.
Individual closed loops that are designed to be controlled separately
Control devices are known from the prior art. In contrast, in the present invention, each parameter to be controlled
The control loop for the
It is closed around the data. its parameters and
The output shaft of the internal combustion engine, that is, the crankshaft.
In particular, the instantaneous rotational speed is used. measured 1
Data obtained from one parameter can be
Processed by internal combustion engine i.e. engine
Optimizes the conversion of combustion energy into rotational torque
Combustion timing correction signal and fuel supply amount
A correction signal is generated. In response to these correction signals
During combustion, the combustion timing is controlled from the controller.
control signal and the combustible mixture that controls the combustible mixture
A control signal is generated. According to the present invention, the combustion timing and fuel supply amount can be adjusted to one level.
based on the measured value of the parameter, i.e., the instantaneous rotational speed.
Combustion timing can be controlled by
The influence of control on fuel supply amount control and conversely,
Between controls such as the effect of feed rate control on combustion control
The advantage is that it is possible to easily understand the interactions between
obtained, and optimal operation of the internal combustion engine is conveniently achieved.
Ru. Also, each of the two control loops to be combined
Two types of feedback signals to one measured movement
Derived by processing data obtained from operation parameters
Therefore, it is necessary to measure each feedback signal.
It also has the advantage of being economical. Therefore, an object of the present invention is to control combustion timing and fuel
Supply amount control is centered on the instantaneous rotational speed of the crankshaft
closed loop and combined and synthesized.
An object of the present invention is to provide an internal combustion engine control device. The present invention will be explained in detail below with reference to the drawings.
Ru. theory of operation Digital engine crankshaft instantaneous rotational speed
Closed-loop engineering using periodic analysis (DPA)
Before explaining the main control device, let us explain some applicable principles.
I will briefly explain the theory. engine
The air-fuel mixture is ignited and burned inside each combustion chamber of
The rotational force is transmitted to the crankshaft and the crank
rotate the shaft. Referring to Figure 1, crank
The rotational force transmitted to the shaft is caused by the side wall 3 of the cylinder and
surrounded by head 4 and piston 5
The pressure P generated in the combustion chamber 2 and the piston 5
The area of the head of the
The length L of the lever arm 6 and this lever arm
and the direction in which the piston 5 reciprocates
is a function of First, if we consider only one operating cycle,
When piston 5 moves up and down due to rotation of the rank shaft
The contour of the pressure inside the combustion chamber 2 is the second curve 7.
show. Crankshaft from position θ=-π to θ=0
When rotated in the direction shown by the arrow, the piston
moves from its lowest position to its highest position, and
The pressure inside the ender increases as shown. Siri
The highest position of the cylinder is usually the top dead center of piston 5.
(TDC) position. Is the crankshaft θ=0?
During the rotation from θ to π, the piston moves to the lowest position.
Returning, the pressure decreases to its original value. 4 cycles
It lacks the intake and exhaust valves normally found in engines.
If this pressure contour changes with each revolution of the crankshaft
It's repeated over and over again. However, the intake and exhaust valves are closed.
Is it opened and closed every other rotation of the rank axis?
, the pressure cycle shown occurs only once every two revolutions.
Ru. Combustion chamber 2 is filled with flammable mixture, and this mixture
When aiki is ignited at angle α, the pressure P is
As shown by curve 8 in Figure 2, when the angle is β,
The maximum pressure is reached. In this case, ignite the mixture
The angle between -π and o is assumed to be between -π and o, but the piston
A point between the angle o and π after passing through the TDC position
It is also clear to those skilled in the art that it can be controlled to cause a fire.
Will. The angle β at which the maximum pressure occurs is the ignition angle α, crank
each such as shaft rotational speed, mixture combustion speed, etc.
It is a function of species factors. Ideally, the maximum torque
maximum pressure is generated so that the pressure is transmitted to the crankshaft.
The shear angle should be controlled. The instantaneous torque transmitted to the crankshaft is
The force generated by the piston at the internal pressure of 2
is a function of the length L of the lever arm 6 and the angle θ.
It is. The torque Tθ generated when the angle θ is Tθ=APθLsinθ It is. Here, A is the area of the piston, Pθ is the angle
This is the pressure inside the combustion chamber 2 at a temperature of θ. and,
The total torque T generated is T=AL∫〓_pPθsinθdθ It is. The pressure in one cylinder is a function of θ
Instantaneous torque θ transmitted to the crankshaft by force
The values are shown by curve 9 in FIG. In multi-cylinder engines, the mixture is mixed inside each cylinder.
When Qi burns, almost the same torque is generated in a predetermined time order.
It is transmitted to the crankshaft in the sequence. 4 cylinder 4 cycle
If you think about an engine, each cylinder
– is once every two revolutions of the crankshaft (4π radians)
Each cylinder is
During successive angular intervals of π radians from the
Torque is transmitted to the crankshaft (Figure 4). No.
Torque curve 9 in Figure 4 is for the same crankshaft.
force generated by other pistons attached
Torque transmitted to the crankshaft, ignoring the influence of
As is clear from Figure 2,
generated by the rising pressure in one cylinder.
A portion of the torque generated is transferred to the cylinder that is then ignited.
It is used to compress the air-fuel mixture in the air. occurred
A smaller portion of the torque applied to the other cylinders
Also used for intake and exhaust operations. As a result, each
The combustion of the air-fuel mixture in the cylinder causes the crankshaft to
The effective torque applied to is shown by curve 9.
The pulsation is smaller than that shown by curve 10.
It becomes a wave. For 6- and 8-cylinder engines, the crank
The pulsating waves of torque applied to the shaft are the fifth,
It is as shown in Figure 6. The engine becomes a mechanism that can be used like the driving wheels of a car.
Usually connected, but for that purpose
load is applied to the shaft. Crankshaft rotation speed
is the load and the combustion of the mixture in the individual cylinders.
It is clear that it is a function of the torque generated by
It is clear. As shown in Figures 4 to 6, the torque
Since the pulsating waves are applied periodically to the crankshaft,
The rotational speed of the crankshaft is accompanied by a pulsating wave of torque.
Changes periodically. An engine rotating at a constant speed
The rotational speed of the engine crankshaft is shown in Figure 7.
It changes in stages during one revolution. crankshaft
This stepwise change in rotation speed △w is the average rotation
Although small compared to speed, it is still detectable.
be. These stages of crankshaft rotational speed
The magnitude of changes and the times at which those changes occur are
is a function of various operating parameters of the engine;
By properly analyzing the
one or more engine control parameters that optimize
Used to generate feedback signal to meter
be able to. Ignition and injection timing control circuit The function of the timing control circuit is
Energy generated by the combustion of the air-fuel mixture in the combustion chamber
transmission of energy to the crankshaft in the most efficient manner.
At the appropriate time, ignite the mixture or add fuel to each
It is to inject into the cylinder. burning mixture
There is a finite amount of time for the front of the Aiki flame to spread throughout the combustion chamber.
Because it takes time to
where the power is most efficiently transmitted to the crankshaft.
At some point before the piston is in position, the air-fuel mixture is lit.
fire or jet. This is the progress of ignition or injection.
It is commonly called the advance angle, and the value of this advance angle is the engine
Speed, engine load, temperature, humidity, air and temperature
how well the temperature is mixed (turbulence),
the evaporation state of the fuel and its composition, including the composition of the fuel itself.
It is a complex function of other factors. Description of the invention
For simplicity, the following description is for ignition timing
We decided to target the group. However, this closed loop
The timing control device will be slightly renovated.
From spark discharge ignition engine and diesel engine
The same applies to fuel injection timing control in engines.
It can be used for. The aforementioned research conducted at Stanford University
As a result, the maximum pressure in the cylinder reaches the top of the piston.
Occurs when the point moves approximately 15 degrees after passing through the point
The mean best torque (MBT) can be obtained.
This has been confirmed through experiments. This result shows the humidity,
Independent of atmospheric pressure and other factors. combustion
The curve or contour of the pressure change in the room and the
The curve of pulsating changes in the rotational speed of the link shaft
In other words, there is a direct correlation between the contour and the contour.
This has been clarified by further research. In particular, these studies have shown that the optimum crankshaft
The angle at which the highest angular velocity occurs is the angle at which the highest pressure occurs.
directly related to A closed-loop ignition timing system based on this principle
A block diagram of the system is shown in Figure 8. This figure shows a typical
A typical internal combustion engine 20 is shown. this engine
20 operation is a manual input indicating the desired speed of the engine.
Various parameters such as power, ambient temperature and humidity
Supported by environmental parameters such as temperature and pressure.
Allotted. Manual input is a slot operated by hand
or the foot-operated vehicle commonly used in automobiles.
It can be input from the accelerator pedal that is created. desired ratio
air and fuel based on manual input, environmental parameters, and
engine speed, engine temperature, intake manifold
Engine operating parameters such as pressure (MAP) etc.
The mixture ratio controller 22
supplied to the Manual input/environmental parameters and
signals indicating engine operating conditions.
20 to the mixing ratio controller 2 via transmission link 24
given to 2. The mixture is passed through the manifold 26.
is supplied to the engine. The mixture ratio controller 22 is a mechanically actuated gas
It can be configured with a converter, electronic fuel controller, etc. mixture
Since the ratio controller is well known, the explanation will be omitted.
Ru. The illustrated closed-loop ignition timing control circuit
A timing and distribution controller 28 is included. this
Controller 28 performs two basic functions. first
The function is to maximize the
various parameters so that the torque can be transmitted
by generating an ignition signal calculated according to the
Ru. The second function is to order the spark plugs in a predetermined order.
Distributing the ignition signal to cause the next spark discharge
It is. Various types of electronic ignition that can perform this function
Timing circuits are known. from a future point in time
Electronically controlling ignition timing in the opposite direction
The points generated by the existing circuit cannot be
A fire signal is a signal generated prior to the desired ignition time.
Calculated as the delay time from the quasi-signal. This base
The quasi-signals are such as the top dead center position of each piston
The location of the crankshaft that has advanced by a certain angle from a certain position
It is usually generated at a fixed rotational position. To calculate the desired ignition signal including the reference signal
The signal indicating the required information or data is
The ignition timing signal is transmitted via transmission link 30 from
and distribution controller 28. Reference signal θ_Rfrom
, and the calculated delay time elapses.
An ignition signal is generated when the igniting them
The signal is sent via link 32 to the appropriate spark plug.
It will be done. The ignition signal distribution function is a traditional mechanical arrangement.
by electrical or electronic switching circuits
be able to. The signal w indicating the instantaneous speed of the crankshaft and the crank
The signal θ indicating the position of the axis is the maximum angular velocity position circuit.
Given to 34. This circuit 34 is connected to the crankshaft
A signal indicating the crankshaft angle at which the instantaneous speed of
The signal θm is generated. This signal θm is applied to the comparator 36.
available. This comparator 36 has the highest rotational speed.
Reference signal θ indicating crankshaft angle_Ralso received, both
The comparison generates an error signal or correction signal, and
signal to the ignition timing and distribution controller 28
give. The operation of this closed loop ignition timing circuit is as follows:
That's right. Ignition timing and distribution controller 2
8 generates an ignition signal. These ignition signals are
are sequentially applied to the spark plugs and detected by the engine 20.
combustion chamber of the engine according to the established operating parameters.
ignite the mixture inside. When the air-fuel mixture burns, the
A series of torque pulses are transmitted to the rank axis,
The rotational speed of the crankshaft varies as shown in Figure 7.
let A comparator 36 makes the signal θm indicative of its desired value.
Reference signal θ_Rcompared to the error signal, i.e. the corrected signal.
The signal ε is generated. Signals θm and θ_RThe difference between
The ignition timing and distribution controller 28
delayed the ignition timing according to the correction signal ε
or move forward. In this way, the mixture
Maximum torque is transmitted to the crankshaft through combustion.
so the loop is closed through the engine. Analog implementation of a closed-loop ignition timing circuit
An example is shown in FIG. In FIG. 9, the mixing ratio controller 22
are used, but are not shown for ease of illustration.
stomach. The crankshaft speed sensor 38 detects the instantaneous
A signal w indicating speed is generated. This signal w is differentiated
(dw/dt) is differentiated by the circuit 40 and
The signal w〓 indicates the first differential. This signal w〓 is zero
A cross detector 42 is provided. This detector is a signal
When w〓 changes from positive to negative and passes through zero
Generate a signal. This signal is sample and hold
applied to circuit 44; The θ reference circuit 46 indicates that the engine crankshaft is at its maximum position.
Predetermined rotational position before the angle at which high rotational speed is desired
When passing through, a signal θr is generated. This signal θr
the piston is in the top dead center position or other desired position.
Occurs at the crankshaft angle that indicates when the desired angle is reached.
Wear. The signal θr and the instantaneous speed signal w are generated by the θ signal generator 4.
given to 8. This θ signal generator is
Generates an analog signal θ that indicates the angular position of the crankshaft.
live. Figure 10 is a circuit diagram of the θ signal generator 48.
be. The signal θ is also sent to the sample/hold circuit 44.
Given. Is this circuit 44 a zero crossing detector 42?
Generates a signal θm indicating the value of θ when receiving a signal from
do. This output signal θm is outputted to the comparator 36 by
Reference signal θ indicating the desired value of θm_Rcompared to ratio
Comparator 36 generates an error signal or correction signal ε.
and then apply that correction signal to the ignition timing and distribution circuits.
Give to Route 28. This circuit 28 utilizes the correction signal ε.
to change the time at which the ignition signal occurs and
Set the number ε to zero. Refer now to FIG. Shown in this diagram
The θ signal generator 48 is connected to terminal A+ from the stabilized power supply.
It receives electric power and a signal w at a terminal 52. Clan
Each tooth of the toothed wheel 58 attached to the shaft
Every time I pass by, the magnetic pick-up 54 emits a signal θr.
occurs. This signal θr is shortened by the amplifier 60.
It is made into a positive pulse. The output terminal of amplifier 60 is
Connected to the base of transistor 62. this tiger
The collector of the resistor is connected to the output via capacitor 64.
connected to Mitsu and another transistor 6
It is directly connected to the emitter of 6. The base of transistor 66
its collector is connected to terminal 52, and its collector is connected to terminal 52.
Connected to A+. Emitter of transistor 62
is grounded. The operation of this circuit is as follows. Teeth 56 are magnetic
When passing near the pickup 54, the amplifier 60
A short positive pulse appears at the output terminal, and this positive path
Therefore, transistor 62 is rendered conductive.
Capacitor 64 is discharged. transistor
The signal given to the base of 66 is this transistor.
control the conduction of the data. flows through transistor 66
The current flows through the capacitor 6 at a speed proportional to the value of the signal w.
4, the value of the charge on the capacitor 64 is
The clamp from the reference point determined by the location of tooth 56.
The rotational position θ of the link shaft is shown. Teeth 56 is hot
The capacitor 64 discharges each time it passes near the tap 54.
the angle relative to the location of tooth 56.
An analog signal is generated indicative of degree θ. condensation
The charging speed of the sensor 64 is proportional to the rotation speed of the crankshaft.
Therefore, the instantaneous value of signal θ is either the previous reference signal θr or
It is a function of the angle by which the crankshaft is rotated. The digital implementation of this closed-loop ignition timing circuit
An example is shown in FIG. provided on the toothed wheel 58
The teeth 56 passing near the magnetic pick-up 54
This pick-up generates a signal every time the
The signal is converted into short pulses (signal θr) by the amplification 60.
It will be done. This signal θr is the reset input of the counter 68
terminal and ignition timing and distribution circuit 28.
It will be done. has more teeth 72 than toothed wheel 58
The toothed wheel 70 is also attached to the crankshaft and
Rotates along with the rank axis. For example, this tooth
The drive wheel 70 is attached to the flywheel of the engine.
It can be used as a ring gear. Pizqua
Generates an output every time the tooth 72 passes near the knob 70
and provides the signal to amplifier 76. amplifier 76
converts the received signal into a pattern equal to the spacing between successive teeth 72.
pulse width. Output of amplifier 76
The input terminal is one input terminal of the AND gate 78,
Connected to the count input terminal of the counter 68.
Ru. The oscillator is connected to the other input terminal of the AND gate 78.
An output pulse is given from 80. oscillator 80
The repetition frequency of the output pulse is the output of the amplifier 76.
Sufficiently higher than the pulse repetition frequency. oscillation
The number of output pulses of the circuit 80 is determined through the AND gate 78.
is given to the counter 82 and stored there.
Ru. The number is determined by the interval between adjacent teeth of the toothed wheel 70.
Time required to pass near magnetic pick-up 74
period, or period. Full torque pulsating wave
Count between the spacing of adjacent teeth for the cycle
The periodic contour showing the number of pulses applied is shown in Figure 12A.
is shown. The period T is the reciprocal of the angular velocity W (T=
1/W), so when the periodic contour is the minimum value, the angular velocity is
The degree is the highest, and the angular velocity is when the periodic contour is at its maximum value.
is the lowest. The money stored in the counter 82 between adjacent teeth
The count is provided to the old value register 84 and the subtraction circuit 86.
available. The subtraction circuit 86
The number of counts stored in register 84 during
The value stored in the old value register and
Prints a number indicating the difference from the new value. This number is
A digital zero crossing counter 88 is provided. This card
Counter 88 changes the difference between the new number and the old number from negative to positive.
Give a signal when things change. This output is the counter 68
is applied to the stop input terminal of Tooth 72 is tight
Counter 68 every time you pass near Quap 74.
The count value increases by 1 count, and the amplifier 60
From the time when the signal θr is received, the zero crossing detector 88 detects the
until receiving the stop signal generated by
, the number of teeth 72 passing near the pick-up 74
shows. The output of counter 68 is between adjacent teeth.
Crank when the time interval or period is the shortest
Indicates the angle of the axis. The period is the reciprocal of the crankshaft speed
Therefore, the angular velocity of the crankshaft passes through the maximum value.
When the stop signal is detected by the zero crossing detector 88,
generated. The count number of the counter 68 is determined by the second subtraction circuit 9.
0, where the maximum torque to the crankshaft
of teeth that must be counted to tell
It is subtracted from the reference count number that indicates the number. this
The difference in subtraction ε is the ignition timing and distribution controller
28 to generate the ignition signal therein.
In order to advance or retard the process, the difference ε is
is utilized, thereby reducing the difference ε to zero. The closed loop ignition control system shown in FIG.
cannot compensate for changes caused by
Counter 8 for each angular interval of rotation of the rank axis
The count interval of 2 is set to the oscillation frequency of the oscillator 80.
This ignition must be accurately balanced.
Control equipment is impractical. rotation of the crankshaft
Counting interval of counter 82 for each angular interval
be accurately balanced to the oscillation frequency of the oscillator 80.
This means that the toothed wheel 70 must be
The spacing between the teeth 72 to be cut must be extremely accurate.
No. Typical car engine ring gear
The actual data obtained from is shown in Figure 12B.
has a contour comparable to that of Figure 12B
In this case, the difference in angle between individual teeth is reflected in the difference in counts.
has been done. The difference in counts is the rotation of the crankshaft.
larger than the difference in counts caused by fluctuations in rolling speed.
There are some bad things. Therefore, for small angular increments
Therefore, accurate measurements are required. Between small angles of rotation
Optical device that can detect distances with the required uniformity
is known and is similar to the flywheel ring gear.
Between the toothed wheel 70 and the magnetic pick-up 74
It can be easily used for Angles between individual teeth of flywheel ring gear
Closed-loop igniter with tighter degree spacing tolerances
Another embodiment of the timing control device is shown in FIG.
vinegar. In this example, the crankshaft at maximum angular velocity
12A, 12B rather than detecting the position of
The position of the generated periodic contour as shown in the figure
The phase φi is set to a constant phase angle φ_RCompare with. The circumference shown in Figure 12A or Figure 12B
The contour of the period waveform, that is, the curve, is the following Fouri
It is expressed as an E series. f(θ)=_N-1 〓ⁱ⁼⁰ Aicos(iwθ+φi) Here, φi is the phase angle of the periodic waveform, and N is the individual sample.
That is, the number of periodic intervals. for the frequency corresponding to the firing rate of the cylinder.
The value of φi depends on the θ position of the maximum pressure in the combustion chamber.
change and thus control the ignition timing.
Can be used for The usual way to calculate φi from f(θ) is as follows:
use Asinφ=1/2π∫²〓₀f(θ)sinwθdθ Acosφ=1/2π∫²〓₀f(θ)coswθdθ When Asinφ≦Acosφ, φ＝arc tan(Asinφ/
Acosφ) or when Acosφ<Asinφ, φ=π/2−
arc tan(Acosφ/Asinφ). Here, θ = angular position of the crankshaft w = angular velocity of crankshaft A = amplitude of Fourier component φ = relative phase angle of Fourier component It is. f(θ) is a collection of N individual samples
from, Asinφ=1/N_N-1 〓ⁱ⁼⁰ f(θi) sin(2πi/N) Acosφ=1/N_N-1 〓ⁱ⁼⁰ f(θi)cos(2πi/N) This calculation applies the sine and cosine functions to the data sample.
over an interval equal to one cycle of the periodic waveform.
Add the products. for engine operation
rate to match demand (ignition of every cylinder
Multiplication by 2N times) is the current technology,
This is not practical considering the cost of the device. A simplified calculation is a function of their sine and cosine
are replaced by binary signals representing square waves with the same period.
This is done by exchanging. Therefore, the amplitude is positive
Limited to Myce 1. As a result, the following equation is obtained.
It will be done. Asinφ=1/N_N-1 〓ⁱ⁼⁰ f(θi) SIGN(sin2πi/N) Acosφ=1/N_N-1 〓ⁱ⁼⁰ f(θi)SIGN(cos2πi/N) Five functions cos(2πi/N), sin(2πi/N), SIGN
[cos(2πi/N)], SIGN[sin(2πi/N)], f(θi)
No.
It is shown in Figure 14. This simplified calculation provides the basic structure of a periodic waveform.
A small error related to odd harmonics occurs.
This error is the average of the subsequent calculations of Acosφ and Asinφ.
It is made smaller by making it smaller. To perform the above mechanization, the terms cosφ and sinφ are
Adding samples of 2N periods to obtain
I need. In this way, multiplication and addition are additions.
I'm going to get sick. Calculated by forming partial sums of periodic data
becomes even simpler. P₁=_(N/4)-1 〓ⁱ⁼⁰ f(θi) (1) P₂=_(N/2)-1 〓^i=N/4 f(θi) (2) P₃=_(3N/4)-1 〓^i=N/2 f(θi) (3) P_Four=_N-1 〓^i=3N/4 f(θi) (4) Then, Asinφ≒1/N [(P₁−P₃)+(P₂−P_Four)〕 (Five) Acosφ≒1/N [(P₁−P₃)−(P₂−P_Four)〕 (6) and |(P₁.P₃)−(P₂−P_Four)｜≦｜(P₁−P₃)
+(P₂−P_Four)｜When φ≒arc tan〔(P₁−P₃)+(P₂−P_Four)]/[(P₁−
P₃)−(P₂−P_Four)〕 (7) ｜(P₁−P₃)+(P₂−P_Four)｜＞｜(P₁−P₃)−(P₂−
P_Four)｜When φ≒π/2−arctan [(P₁−P₃)+(P₂−P_Four)]/
[(P₁−P₃)−(P₂−P_Four)〕 (8) It is. Referring again to Figure 13, the engine intake manifold
The pressure inside the hold is determined by the manifold pressure sensor 90.
is detected, and this sensor 90 is connected to the detected manifold.
A signal indicating the pressure is provided to the ignition angle circuit 92. with teeth
car 58, magnetic pickup 54, and amplifier 60
generates a reference signal θr and converts the signal θr into the ignition angle rotation.
path 92, phase angle generator 96, and angle-to-delay conversion.
and the container 102. Ignition angle circuit 92 is a reference signal
Calculate the engine speed from
A signal θi' is generated from the manifold pressure signal and the manifold pressure signal. child
The signal θi′ generates the ignition signal from the reference signal θr.
Indicates the required crankshaft angle. Teeth like a ring gear on a flywheel
car 70, magnetic pickup 74 and amplifier 7
6, every time the tooth passes near the pick-up 74
Generates a signal and sends the signal to the period measuring circuit 94.
to the phase angle generator 96. The circuit 94 is shown in FIG.
It can be a counter like the counter 82 of
Wear. Oscillator 98 clocks period measurement circuit 94
signal, thereby causing the period measuring circuit 94 to increase the
The clocks received during the interval between the signals received from width transducer 76
Generates a digital periodic signal indicating the number of lock signals.
Ru. This digital periodic signal is sent to the phase angle generator 96.
Given. The phase angle generator 96 uses equations (1) to (8).
and calculate the phase angle φi from the periodic signal. This much
Phase angle φi is applied to comparator 98. This comparator is incorrect.
A difference signal or correction signal Δφ is generated. This repair
The positive signal △φ is converted into the ignition angle signal θi′ by the adder circuit 100.
are added to produce the signal θi. Angle-delayed conversion
102 generates a signal I. This signal I is Kazunobu
The signal ends at the time calculated from the signal θi and the reference signal θr. Signal I is amplified by amplifier 104 and then sent to the ignition controller.
106. Then this ignition
106 outputs a high voltage ignition signal each time signal I terminates.
generate a number. This high voltage signal connects the power distributor 108 to
to the appropriate spark plug. Power distributor 1
08 is a traditional mechanical power distributor or a modern solid state switch.
A pinching element can be used. The operation of this closed loop ignition timing device is as follows:
That's right. The ignition angle circuit 92 operates around the reference signal θr.
Engine speed obtained from wave number and manifold pressure sensor
The ignition is activated in response to the manifold pressure signal from the sensor 90.
generates a signal θi′ indicating the crankshaft angle to be
Ru. The period measuring circuit 94 detects when the toothed wheel 70 rotates.
periodic signal indicating the time interval between its adjacent teeth
occurs. This periodic signal is the clock generated during each time interval.
A digital number whose value indicates the number of lock pulses.
be. This periodic signal and the signal θr are supplied to the phase angle generator 96
given to. This phase angle generator 96 can be calculated using equation (7) or
generates the phase angle φi according to (8). Each of the engines
A phase angle φi is generated with respect to the torque pulsating wave.
Similarly, the phase angle generator 96 is synchronized with the signal θr.
Ru. As mentioned above, each piston reaches top dead center.
The signal θr can be generated when the
Wear. Next, the signal generated by amplifier 76 is received.
The phase angle generator 96 adds the periodic signals and generates a value.
P₁,P₂,P₃,P_Fourform. These P₁~P_Fourof
Calculate on the value [(P₁−P₃)+(P₂−P_Four)] and [(P₁
−P₃)−(P₂−P_Four)] and use the results to
Generates a number equal to tanφi. Then the survey form
The signal φi is obtained from This survey table shows tanφi.
The signal φi is output according to the signal. phase angle generator
The signal φi output from is the value output from the investigation table.
can be included in each calculated value of φi.
The value should be obtained by removing the high frequency changes that are included in the
You can also do it. Next, the value of the signal φi is determined by the comparator 98.
A reference signal indicating the desired phase angle for the engine
φ_RThe correction for the calculated ignition angle θi′ is
A correction signal Δφ indicating positive is generated. This signal △φ
is the sum of error signals as shown in the following equation, so △φ=_N 〓ⁱ⁼⁰ (φ_R−φi) φi is φ_RWhen approaching , the error signal (φ_R−φi) is zero
, and the correction signal Δφ becomes a constant value. signal
The value of Δφ is angularly shifted from the calculated value θi′.
Therefore, the phase angle φi of the measured periodic contour is rare.
desired phase angle φ_Ris made equal to The correction signal △φ is added to the ignition angle θi' by an adder 100.
A sum signal is sent to the output terminal of the adder 100.
It appears as θi = θi' + △φ. This sum signal θi is
is applied to the angle-to-delay converter 102, thereby
Converter 102 generates signal I. Value of sum signal θi
After receiving the reference signal, determined by
At time signal I is terminated. Signal I is connected to amplifier 10
4 and then applied to the ignition coil 106.
Ru. This ignition coil ignites every time signal I ends.
High voltage that can cause a spark discharge to the plug
Generates a pressure ignition signal. This ignition signal is transmitted to distributor 1
08 to multiple spark plugs in a predetermined order.
be provided. More detailed blog on closed loop ignition timing devices
The diagram is shown in Figure 15. The toothed wheel 58, the magnetic pick-up 54, and the
The reference pulse signal θr is generated by the combination of width transducer 60.
This signal θr is transmitted to various circuit sections as shown in the figure.
given to. Timing and control circuit 110
is the signal θr and the clock pulse from the oscillator 112.
and the various timings used throughout this device.
generates programming and control signals. The count rate control circuit 114 uses the θr signal and the clock signal.
Count pulse at the first rate after receiving the pulse
generates a signal. These count pulse signals
is counted during the successively generated reference signal θr.
It is counted by the counter 116. counted
As mentioned above, the number is the reciprocal of the crankshaft rotation speed.
be. Cow stored in counter 116 at low speed
To limit the number of counters, therefore
If a predetermined number is reached to limit the capacity of 116
A signal is generated by the counter 116 when the
The signal is sent to the count rate control circuit via line 118.
114 to generate a count pulse.
decrease the rate at which counter if necessary
The count number stored in 116 becomes the second predetermined number.
A second signal is generated when the signal is reached, and this signal also
is applied to the counter rate control circuit 114.
This further reduces the rate at which pulses are generated.
Ru. When the next reference signal θr is received, the counter 116
The count stored in RPM register 12
After being given to 0, the counter 116 is reset to zero.
count rate control circuit 114 returns to its initial state.
pulse counter at the first rate.
generates a hit. stored in RPM register 120
The digital count indicates the engine speed
It is RPM language. This digital RPM word is a predetermined number of
It has upper bits si and a predetermined number of lower bits △s.
Ru. For example, a digital RPM word is an 8-bit word.
If so, the upper bit si contains 4 bits and the lower bit
The bit △s contains 4 bits (16th A
figure). The upper 4 bits si are given to the ignition angle ROM122.
The lower 4 bits △s are the memory data register.
data 124. The signal indicating the engine's intake manifold pressure is pressure
From sensor 90 to comparator 12 via amplifier 126
It is given to the positive input terminal of 8. Negative of comparator 128
A stepped run is connected to the input terminal from the ramp generator 130.
A tap signal is given. The value of the ramp signal is
126 to determine the value of the intake manifold pressure.
When the ramp signal exceeds the signal shown in FIG.
turn off. The output of this comparator and
The clock signal is applied to counter 132. this cow
The sensor receives while comparator 128 is producing a positive output.
digit clock pulses. Next standard belief
When the signal θr is received, the count number in the counter 132
is sent to the MAP register 134 and then the counter
132 is cleared and the ramp generator 130 is cleared.
It is reset to zero. stored in the MAP register
The number of counts that appear is a digital indicator of intake manifold pressure.
It is Tal MAP language. This MAP word is also at the top of the predetermined number.
8 with bit pi and a predetermined number of lower bits △p
It is Bittu language. In one embodiment, this MAP word
contains 3 high order bits and 5 low order bits.
(Figure 16B). Upper bits pi and si are in the ignition angle ROM122.
address one of 128 memory locations.
It is used to Each memory location has si and pi
Digital word f(s,p) indicating the firing angle based on the value
is stored, and this digital word f(s, p) is
To perform interpolation next on the value of bit △s,
is transferred to the memory data register 124.
Ru. The digital word f(s, p) is added to the adder 136,1
40 and shift register A, 138, shift register
input to the interpolation logic consisting of data B, 142.
Ru. The multiple (power of 2) of the contents of register 124 is
Given to register A and stored in RPM area
The interpolation operation is performed according to △s between the ignition angle values set.
conduct. The usual double linear interpolation method is used for this interpolation operation.
used. combined with RPM register 120
The memory address control logic in
to obtain the stored data points needed to
Correct the memory address accordingly. stored in pressure area
Interpolate according to △p between the values of the ignition angle
It is used to carry out. Scheduled ignition as shown in Figure 17
By linear interpolation of the RPM manifold pressure surface representing the angle
The ignition angle is then calculated. This interpolation follows the equation
It is carried out at the same time. θi'=(32-p) [(16-△s)f(si, pi)+△sf
(si
+1, pi)]+△p[(16-△s)f(si, pi+1)+
△sf (si+1, pi+1)] This logic converts the formula (16−△s)f(si, pi) into
Solve it first by following the steps below. Memory data register
The contents of register (MDR) 124 are stored in register A, 13.
given to 8. Next, the contents of this register A are
The contents of the memory data register are
RPM words stored in RPM register 120
First bit △s of lower bit △s₀complement of (△
s₀) is added to the contents of register A.
It will be stored there. Then register A
The contents of the RPM word are circulated again to
2nd bit △s of tsuto△s₁complement of △₁and mail
twice the contents of the memory data register (one digit to the left)
sent). this
The operation is repeated two more times and the previous contents of register A are
The contents of the memory data register are quadrupled and
and multiplied by 8 plus the 3rd bit of the lower bit of the RPM word.
Bit△s₂, the fourth bit △s₃complement of △₂,△
s₃are added to each product multiplied by . this
Expressing each step of the operation in logical notation is as follows:
Become. MDR=f(si, pi) A=MDR A=A+MDR・△₀ A=A+2MDR・△₁ A=(16−△
s)・f(si, Pi) A=A+4MDR・△₂ A=A+8MDR・△₃ Here, the MDR is stored in the memory data register.
The data being read, A, is stored in register A.
Current data, △₀,△₁,△₂,△₃teeth
It is the complement of the four lower bits that make up Δs.
Next, the calculation is to convert △sf (si+1, pi) into (16-△s)・f
It is an addition to (si, pi). to do this
, the upper bit of RPM120 increases by 1 bit.
Increased ignition angle ROM122 new memory
The contents of the location f(si+1, pi) are stored in the memory data record.
The data is stored in the register 124. New ignition angle data
The interpolation calculation for f(si+1, pi) was also described above.
The same basic steps are followed. The theory of this operation
The logical notation is as follows. MDR=(si+1, pi) A=A+MDR・△s₀ A=A+2MDR・△s₁ A=A+4MDR・△s₂ A=(16−△
s)・f(si, pi) A=A+8MDR・△s₃ +△s・f(si
+1, pi) The contents of register A are now (16-△s)・f
(si, psi) + △sf (si+1, pi). The next operation is to add (32−△p) to the contents of register A.
It's about riding. This operation is the contents of register A.
Divide by 16 (move 4 digits to the right), then take the quotient.
This is done by placing it in register B. below
Logical notation indicates this operation. A=A/16 (move 4 digits to the right) B=A B=B+A△₀ B=B+2A△₁ B=B+4A△₂ B=(32−△p)・A B=B+8A△₃ B=B+16A△_Four Here, △p₀~△p_Fouris in the MAP register 134.
Lower bit of stored 8-bit pressure word △p
is the complement of Then, the contents of register B are
Now (32-△p) [(16-△s) f(si, pi)+△
s·f(si+1, pi). The next operation is the formula (16-△s)・f(si, pi+1)
It's about figuring it out. The upper bits of RPM register 120
Tsuto can be reduced by 1, so those higher
The bit returns to its original value and the MAP register 134
The high order bit is incremented by one. ignition angle
Contents of new memory location in ROM f(si, pi+1)
is then stored in a memory data register. child
The logical notation for solving the equation is the equation (16-△s)・f(si,
It is basically the same as that of pi), and is as follows. MDR=f(si, pi+1) A=MDR A=A+MDR△₀ A=A+2MDR△₁ A=(16−△s)・
f(si, pi+1) A=A+4MDR△₂ A=A+8MDR△₃ Formula (16-△s)・f(si, pi+1)+△s・f(si
+1, pi+1) in the RPM register.
The upper bit is increased by 1 bit, and the content f
(si+1, pi+1) is put into MDR. This formula
The logical notation for the solution is as follows. MDR=f(si+1, pi+1) A=MDR△s₀ A=A+2MDR△s₁ A=A+4MDR△s₂ A=A+8MDR△s₃ Then the contents of register A are (16−△s)・
f(si, pi+1)+△s・f(si+1, pi+1)
Ru. The solution to the entire equation is to multiply the contents of register A by △p.
Therefore, we decided to add A・△p to the contents of register B.
It is done more. The logical notation for this operation is as follows:
be. A=A/16 (move A to the right by 4 digits) B=B+A△p₀ B=B+2A△p₁ B=B+4A△p₂ B=B+8A△p₃ B=B+16A△p_Four Then, the contents of register B will be the compensation for the ignition angle θi′.
is a number indicating the value that has been (32−△p) [(16−△s)・f(si+pi)+△s・
f(si+1, pi+)]+△p[(16-△s)・f(si,
pi
+1)+Δs·f(si+1, pi+1)]. The effect of interpolation is shown in FIG. Next, see Figure 18.
For reference, the 2MHz signal of oscillator 112 is 1/2
1MHz clock signal (CLOCK)
becomes. This clock signal is a digit gate
Used to generate signals DG0 to DG15
Ru. These 16 signals DG0 to DG15 are 16 bits
represents 16 bits of a digital word. The timing diagram in Figure 19 is different from Figure 18.
It is depicted on a time scale, with word time and digit time.
and the various operations performed by the device of the present invention.
and the various generated to control the interpolation interval
shows the signal. To explain briefly, the signal MT0~
MT7 is sequentially generated in response to signal DG15.
The pulse width of these signals is equal to 16 microseconds
But this is the time of 16 consecutive clock pulses
interval and one of the registers in the circuit
or enter a 16-bit language into the register.
The time required to read a 16-bit word from the
be. The generation of the first set of signals MT0 to MT7 is
It is started by the signal θr, and the subsequent signals MT0~
MT7 is generated at 8 word intervals as shown. first time
The signal TM7 is generated when the first MT7 signal ends.
It will be done. The pulse width of this signal TM7 is equal to 8 words.
repeated at intervals of 24 words. Signal TM8 also has 24 words
repeated at intervals. Signal TM9 is issued after 24 word intervals.
The pulse width is also 24 word intervals. signal
TM9 is repeated at 48 word intervals as shown. Faith
No. TM10 occurs when the first TM9 signal ends
repeated at 96-word intervals. and the pulse width is
It is 48 words apart. Signals MT0 to MT7 and TM7 to TM110 are real
Basics of controlling the timing of various functions performed
It's a signal. Phase detection of this ignition timing circuit
See Figure 20 for other signals used in
I will explain later. The waveforms of those signals are
Shown in Figure 1. Next, the phase of the block diagram shown in FIG.
Referring to the detection area, make a predetermined number of measurements at equal angular intervals.
A second toothed wheel 144 having teeth attached thereto is
It is attached to the crankshaft. toothed wheel 14
The number of teeth attached to 4 is the number of cylinders, 2 sa
cycle engine or 4-stroke engine
In addition, the number of intervals desired to determine the phase angle.
It is determined from where. Complete operating cycle (each series
ignite once)
4-stroke 8-cylinder engine that requires two rotations of the shaft
Considering the engine, the phase angle is
According to equations (7) and (8), which require four separate intervals for calculation,
Although it is calculated, the number of teeth provided on the toothed wheel 144 is
The number is 8 cylinders/cycle/2 revolutions/cycle x 4 cycles/cycle.
Linder = It is given in 16 cycles/rotation. 4 cycle 6 cylinder engine
In the case of an engine, the number of teeth is 12, and the number of teeth is 12.
In the case of gin, the number of teeth is eight. the crankshaft
As it rotates, the magnetic pick-up 146 picks up its vicinity.
A periodic signal θp is generated by detecting the passing teeth. this
The signal is amplified by amplifier 148. consecutive
The periodic signal θp determines the addition interval described in equations (1) to (4).
Ru. Or, explain with reference to Figures 11 and 13.
Detecting the teeth of the flywheel ring gear as shown
and a number of teeth equal to the desired angular spacing are counted.
A signal θp is generated each time the signal θp is generated. This periodic signal θp is determined by the periodic counter 150 and the periodicity
Register 152, given to function generator 154
Ru. The period counter 150 receives the clock from the oscillator 151.
It also receives lock pulses and produces two consecutive periodic signals.
Stores the number of clock pulses received during θp.
Those numbers are sent to period register 152. The function generator 154 generates the periodic signal θp and the fundamental signal θr.
Then, the contents of the period register 152 and the sine register
The contents of the data register 160 and cosine register 162 are expressed as (7) and (8).
Add/subtract to add or subtract according to the formula.
Generates a signal that activates the subtraction circuits 156 and 158
do. At the end of each addition period, the sine register
The contents of 160 and cosine register 162 are respectively
This is a number indicating the values of sinφ and cosφ. register 1
The contents of 60,162 are provided to comparator 164.
Ru. This comparator compares the contents of these two registers.
Determine which of the absolute values is larger and use the result as
Generates a signal indicating the This signal is in register 16
is given to the divider 166 along with the contents of 0,162.
It will be done. The signal generated by comparator 164 is divided by
As the numerator in the division performed in the box 166, the two
The contents of the register with the smaller absolute value
select. The output of divider 166 is a sine register.
The absolute value of the contents of 160 is the absolute value of the contents of the cosine register.
Depending on whether it is smaller and taller than the opposite value, or larger and taller than the opposite value
tanφ or cotφ, or cosine register
The absolute value of the contents of is equal to the absolute value of the contents of the sine register.
Depending on whether it is small and tall or large and tall,
or tanφ. The output of the divider 166 is
Address ArctanROM168. This ROM
produces an output having a value indicative of the angle φ.
ArctanROM168 basically converts the value of φ into the sine
The contents of register 160 are stored in cosine register 162.
as a function of tanφ generated by dividing by
This is a survey form that can be stored. Output of ArctanROM168
The force is applied to a cotangent correction circuit 170. This cotangent
The modification circuit 170 is configured such that the divider 166 is a cosine register.
When dividing the contents of 162 by the contents of the sine register, φ＝π/2−arctan(Acosφ/Asinφ) Perform the calculation. The output of the cotangent correction circuit 170 is the φ average circuit 172.
given to. This circuit 172 calculates the calculated phase angle.
Give φ an effective filter operation. Comparator 17
4 is the average value of φ′ and the reference signal φ_RCompare both
produces an error signal Δφ' indicating the difference between This error signal △φ' is given to the accumulator 176.
Ru. This accumulator 176 indicates the sum of the error signals Δφ'
A correction signal φc is output. This correction signal φc is added
A register 178 indicates the calculated ignition angle θi'.
It is added to the contents of star B142, and the sum is a point.
It is stored in the fire angle register 180. this register
The contents of are given to the rate multiplier 182.
It will be done. This rate multiplier is in register 1
80 to the timing and control circuit 110.
at a rate determined by the clock signal received from
Add together. This rate multiplier 18
Is a pulse signal generated every time 2 overflows?
, the rate at which those pulse signals are generated is
It is proportional to the contents of the fire angle register 180. Them
The pulse signal is triggered by up counter 184.
Counts during the subsequent crankshaft position reference signal θr
and the up-capacity at the end of each count time.
The contents of counter 184 are directly proportional to the calculated ignition angle.
and be inversely proportional to engine speed. this
The calculated ignition angle is a function of engine speed.
This will be corrected as follows. up counter
Transfer the contents of 184 to down counter 186,
Therefore, the timing and control circuit 11
Determined by the clock signal given from 0
By counting down at a constant rate,
The ignition angle is converted to the time domain. down car
The counter 186 ends when the count reaches zero.
Generate a signal. This signal is applied to dwell circuit 188. de
The signal generated by the L circuit 188 is
When the signal generated by counter 186 ends
The operation of the amplifier 104 is stopped at a predetermined time.
Operation of amplifier 104 occurs when the “off” time of
start the production. The off time of this amplifier 104 and
The on-time ratio is constant, independent of engine speed.
As a function of the interval between the ignition signals,
El time is calculated. Details of the circuit of the phase detection section of the ignition timing device
are shown in Figures 20-26. First, refer to Figure 20.
Then, the phase reference signal θp is applied to the terminal 190,
10MHz clock signal from oscillator 151 to terminal 1
Given to 92. Terminal 190 is a flip-flop
is connected to the set terminal of pin 194, and terminal 192 is connected to the set terminal of pin 194.
Trigger input terminals of flip-flops 194 and 196
Child or toggle input terminal and period counter 150
is connected to the count input terminal of Flipflo
The Q output terminal of flip-flop 194 is connected to flip-flop 19.
6 set input terminal and AND gate 198 input
Connected to the terminal. Flip Flop 196 Q
Output terminal goes to another input terminal of AND gate 198
Connected. The output terminal of AND gate 198 is
The reset input terminal of the period counter 150 and the parallel
Load input terminal of load serial output shift register 152
child and flip-flop 204, 206 toggle
Connect the input terminal to the input terminal of the NOR gate 200.
Continued. Crankshaft position reference signal θr is applied to terminal 208.
It will be done. This terminal 208 is the flip-flop 20
Connected to the reset input terminal of 4, 206, 226.
It will be done. Set input terminal of flip-flop 204
is connected to the output terminal of flip-flop 206.
At the same time, AND gate 212 and exclusive or
It is connected to the input terminal of gate 216. fritz
The Q output terminal of flip-flop 204 is a flip-flop.
Set input terminal of pull-up 206 and NAND gate 2
10 and the input terminal of AND gate 212.
It will be done. The output terminal of flip-flop 204 is
connected to the input terminal of the other OR gate 214,
The Q output terminal of the lip-flop 206 is a NAND game.
It is connected to the input terminal of port 210. The output terminal of Noah Gate 200 is Noah Gate 20
connected to one input terminal of 2. noah gate 2
The output terminal of 02 is the other input terminal of the NOR gate 200.
to the set input terminal of flip-flop 218.
to be followed. Q output terminal of flip-flop 218
child is connected to one input terminal of AND gate 220
be done. The output terminal of AND gate 220 is fritz
The set input terminal of the flop 220 and the
The input terminal of gate 212 and the input terminal of AND gate 230
Connected to one input terminal. and gate 22
The signal MT01 is given to the other input terminal of 0.
Ru. The Q output terminal of flip-flop 222 is a NOR
Other input terminals of gate 202 and AND gate 22
Connected to one input terminal of 4, this AND gate
The output terminal of flip-flop 224 is connected to flip-flop 218,
222 reset input terminal. and
Gate 224 is connected to timing and control circuit 110
It also receives a signal MT2 generated by. The output terminal of NAND gate 210 is an AND gate
It is connected to output terminals 232 and 244. and
The output terminal of gate 232 is exclusive OR gate 21
6,234 input terminals. The serial output terminal of the shift register 152 is
Connected to the input terminal of gate 230. This Ann
The output terminal of the AND gate 230 is the AND gate 23
6,248, Noah Gate 238,250, and Exhaust.
Connected to input terminals of other OR gates 234 and 246
Continued. The output terminal of exclusive OR gate 216 is
Input of AND gate 236 and NOR gate 238
Connected to the terminal. ANDGATE 236 and Noage
The output terminal of the gate 238 is the flip-flop 240.
to the set input terminal and reset input terminal respectively.
Connected. Q output terminal of flip-flop 240
The child is connected to one input terminal of exclusive-OR gate 242.
connected and another input terminal of this gate 242 is
Connected to the output terminal of the other OR gate 234.
The output terminal of exclusive OR gate 242 is terminal 256
and the input terminal of the 32-bit shift register 160.
Continued. This shift register 160 is shown in FIG.
is the sine register shown in . shift register
The output terminal of the star 160 is separate from the AND gate 232.
connected to the input terminal of The output terminal of AND gate 244 is exclusive or
are connected to the input terminals of ports 214 and 246. Game
The output terminal of gate 214 is connected to AND gate 248.
Connected to the input terminal of Agate 250. Gate
The output terminals of 248 and 250 are flip-flop 2.
52 set input terminal and reset input terminal.
are connected to each other. Q output of flip-flop 252
The output terminal is one input terminal of the exclusive-OR gate 254.
Connected to child. Another exclusive or gate 254
Input terminal goes to output terminal of exclusive OR gate 246
Connected. Output terminal of exclusive OR gate 254
is between terminal 264 and 32-bit shift register 162.
Connected to the input terminal. This shift register 16
2 is the cosine register 162 shown in FIG.
It is. The output terminal of shift register 162 is
is connected to another input terminal of gate 244. end
Children 258 and 266 are shift registers 160 and 16
each connected to two intermediate bit locations,
Facilitates division to calculate tanφ. The set input terminal and reset input terminal of flip-flop 226
The set input terminal is connected to the positive power supply A+. Thailand
The signals generated by the timing and control circuit 110
No. DG15 is the input terminal of flip-flop 226
and given to one input terminal of AND gate 228.
It will be done. The Q output terminal of flip-flop 226 is
connected to another input terminal of AND gate 228
Ru. The output of AND gate 228 is signal DG31.
be. Or gate 268, 270, 272, 274
Signal MT0 from timing and control circuit 110
~MT7 respectively, and signals MT01~MT6
7 respectively. or gate 272, 27
The output terminal of 4 is connected to the input terminal of NOR gate 276.
Continued. This Noah gate has signal 01,
23 is generated. orgate 274 and and game
The output terminal of gate 228 is the input of AND gate 278.
Connected to the terminal. This AND gate is the signal DG
-31 and MT01 are generated. and gate 21
2 is the period P₁signal P indicating₁occurs. Next, refer to FIG. 21. This figure shows amplifier 6
Crankshaft position generated by 0 (Fig. 15)
The position signal θr is shown. This signal θr is
The engine fires at a predetermined angular position before the engine reaches the top dead center position.
In order to calculate the ignition delay time,
used. Signal GRES is connected to AND gate 198
Obtained from the output terminal. This signal GRES is an amplifier
The signal θp generated at the output terminal of 148 (Fig. 15)
, the 10MHz signal generated by the oscillator 151
be synchronized to. The signal GRES is
P₁~P_Fourdetermine the end of 4 between each θr signal
GRES signal is generated and the frequency of each torque pulsating wave is
When the period is measured by the rotation angle of the crankshaft, it is divided into four equal parts.
Divide into 4 parts so that they match. divided like this
The calculated period is called the count period or division period.
It will be done. Signals FE204Q and FE206Q are flip-flop
Appears at the output terminals of switches 204 and 206, respectively.
This is a signal that Signal P₁is and gate 212
At the output, the period P_Fourdata from shift register
152 and to registers 160 and 162.
This is a signal indicating that it has been given. Signal ADDT
is the signal appearing at the output terminal of AND gate 220
So, given to AND gate 230, this gate
is stored in the shift register 152.
Send the data to addition/subtraction circuits 156 and 158
let Signal RCC is the output terminal of NAND gate 210
With the signal appearing on the child, AND gates 232, 24
4 to close their AND gates and
The data stored in registers 160 and 162
prevent what is being communicated. Period P₁Occurs between
The new data is sent to registers 160 and 162.
Can be put in. Next, refer to FIG. 22. Signal DG15 is
The timing and control circuit 110 (FIG. 15)
The one shown in Figure 19 is generated by
is the same as Signal DG31 connects signal DG15
The signal obtained by dividing by 2 is the output of AND gate 228.
Appears on the power terminal. This signal is used to calculate the phase angle φi.
Timing standards for 32-bit registers used
It's a signal. Signal MT01, MT23, MT45,
MT67 is the output terminal of OR gates 268 to 274
These are the signals that appear respectively in Figure 19.
For each combination of signals MT0 to MT7
be. The signal GRES is as shown in Figure 21.
, especially the signal GRES is synchronous P_Fourend and circumference of
Period P₁means the beginning of The ADDT signal is
MT01 signal generated for the first time after GRES signal
Then, open the AND gate 230 and use the shift register.
The contents of 152 are added/subtracted by circuits 156 and 158.
can be sent to the sine and cosine registers via
do it like this. The load divider register (LDR) signal
Sequentially generated in coincidence with MT23 signal, addition/subtraction
The arithmetic circuit has a sine register 160 and a cosine register 16
2 and the smaller value of the contents is divided by the divider 166.
(Fig. 15) to register 318 (Fig. 23).
be able to load The quotient calculation (CQT) signal is
Sequential signal MT45, MT67, MT01~MT6
At 7, while these signals are present, the divider 166
Calculate the quotient representing arctanφ. Cotangent load register
The star (LCTR) signal is sent to the cotangent correction circuit 170 (first
The cotangent register 358 (Fig. 23) of Fig. 5) is inverse positive.
The contents of the connection ROM 168 (Fig. 15) can be loaded.
so that Phase angle averaged (PAA) signal is the phase
The angle averaging circuit 172 (Figure 15) is newly calculated.
The calculated phase angle φ can be averaged with the previously calculated angle.
I will do it. The comparison (COM) signal is output by the comparator 174.
Compare the calculated phase angle with the reference phase angle and calculate the error signal.
The signal is added to the previously obtained error signal in an accumulator 176.
be able to do so. add to ignition angle
(AIA) signal is output by adder 178 into accumulator 176.
The error signal is stored in register B180 (Figure 15).
Add to the calculated lead angle
be able to do so. When the rotation speed of the crankshaft is 6000RPM,
The interval between two GRES signals is approximately 600 microns.
Seconds. Phase angle, error signal calculation, and error signal
The time required to add this and the calculated lead angle is 450 ma.
It is an icrosecond. Therefore, the calculations and corrections are as follows.
New data from torque pulsating waves input to the device
period P before₁It can be finished between. Referring again to FIG. 20, as shown in this figure
Explain the operation of the circuit. The phase angle reference signal θp is
Lipflop 194, 196 and AND gate 1
98. This circuit is at the input end
synchronized with the clock signal given to child 192.
Generates a reset signal. This signal is counter 1
50 and the low of shift register 152.
input terminal of the flip-flop 20.
4,206 input terminals are toggled. Continued
The time interval or period between set signals is
By counting the clock signal with the counter 150,
measured. At the end of each period, the GRES signal is
applied to the parallel load input terminal of the foot register 152.
It will be done. This register 152 is the register 152 of the counter 150.
The contents are transferred to the shift register 152 and the counter
Reset 150. The ADDT signal is
Open the gate 230 and insert flip-flops 204 and 2.
According to the state of 06, the contents of the shift register 152 are
the sine register 160 and the cosine register 162.
or add to the contents of those registers.
subtract it from the amount. registers 160, 16
Since 2 is a 32-bit register, the ADDT signal
16 of shift register 152 while
Parallel loaded contents followed by zeros (0) are stored in the register.
are transferred to the stars 160 and 162. gate 21
6,232,234,236,238,242 and
Flip-flop 240 adds/subtracts circuit 156
Configure. Gate 216 performs addition and subtraction functions.
The gate 232 controls the output of the NAND gate 210.
The force is in the state of flip-flops 204, 206.
Accordingly, when the value is negative, a zero input is given to the adder.
In order to initialize the contents of the sine register 160,
This is an important element. Gate 214, 244, 24
6,248,250,254 are flip-flops
252 to form an addition/subtraction circuit 158.
and the same as for the cosine shift register 167.
It performs the same function. Flip-flops 204 and 206 are for phase detection.
Each generates a square wave that is used as a reference for
live. The state of these flip-flops is
As shown in Figure 21, the time interval P₁~P_Fourrelated to
Ru. According to equation (5), a certain quantity proportional to the sine of the phase angle
is the formula P₁+P₂−P₃−P_Fourobtained from. Fritzpf
Lop 206 and gate 216 are sinusoidal shift registers.
A 1-bit adder associated with register 160 has a flip
Addition function when the output of flop 206 is "0"
is performed, and the flip-flop 206 output becomes
When the value is "1", the subtraction function is performed. Period P₁Between
Clock pulses counted by counter 150
is period P₂Read from shift register 152 during
and period P₂Kurotsukupa counted between
Luz is period P₃It is said that the
It should be noted that Similarly, the cosine of the phase angle is
formula P₁−P₂−P₃+P_Fourobtained from. Flipflo
204 and exclusive OR gate 214 are cosine shifts.
The 1-bit adder associated with register 162 includes
When the output of flip-flop 204 is “0”
performs the addition function, flip-flop 204
When the output of is "1", the subtraction function is performed. Next, the operation of the addition/subtraction circuits 156 and 158 will be explained.
Flip-flop 20 generating control signals
The operation of 4,206 will be explained. applied to terminal 208
The generated θr signal is sent to flip-flops 204 and 206.
These flip-flops
The Q output of is "0". Period P₁I don't know the start of
until it is toggled by the signal GRES that causes
Their flip-flops remain in this state. fritz
Flip flop to set input terminal of flip flop 204
A “1” input is given from the output terminal of loop 206.
flip-flop 204 changes the state in order to
change. Flip-flop 206 has its set input.
Q output terminal of flip-flop 204 to output terminal
Since "0" is given, the reset state is maintained.
Two. second period P₁The next GRES signal indicating the end of
Toggle both flip-flops again. this
Sometimes the set input of flip-flop 204
The signal being applied to the flip-flop 20
Is it "1" given from the output terminal of 6?
Therefore, the flip-flop 204 maintains the set state.
Two. However, the set input of flip-flop 206
Has the signal given to the power terminal changed to "1"?
Then, flip-flop 206 changes state. No.
2 count period P₂The next reset marks the end of
The signal toggles flip-flops 204 and 206.
do. Then the flip-flop 204 becomes free.
“0” signal from Q output terminal of pop-flop 206
The state changes depending on the signal, and a “0” signal is sent to the Q output terminal.
generate a number. Setting the flip-flop 206
The input terminal is the Q output terminal of the flip-flop 204.
Flippf because the child had given him “1”
Loop 206 remains set and its Q output
Generates a “1” signal to the child. Third period P₃is the end
Once completed, the GRES signal is output to flip-flop 20.
Toggle 4,206 again and flip-flop 2
06 changes state. Now the flipflop
204 and 206 are in the initial reset state and this
completes its operating cycle. NAND gate 210 is flip-flop 204
and the Q output of flip-flop 206.
and receives the output signal ADDT of the AND gate 220.
period P₂The RCC (“0”) signal is generated during this period.
At that time, period P₁shift register indicating the length of
The data in 152 is added/subtracted by circuits 156 and 15.
Sent to 8. The RCC signal is an AND gate 232,
244 and close the sine register 160 and cosine register
Circulation of old data stored in the star 162
prevent. When the data transfer is finished, register
The data stored in data 160 and 162 is
P₁Only data generated during the period will be included. Continue
All periods P₁~P_FourAgainst, Nand Gate 2
The output of 12 is positive, and the AND gate 232,2
Open 44. Regarding sine register 160 and cosine register 162
The operation of the associated addition/subtraction circuit is well known.
The explanation will be omitted from here. The inputs to exclusive or gates 214 and 216 are
When it is "0", the addition/subtraction circuits 156 and 158
The contents of the shift register 152 are transferred to the register 160,
Add to and exclude the circulated contents of 162
The input to the target OR gates 214 and 216 is “1”.
Sometimes the contents of shift register 152 are
It is subtracted from the contents of 160 and 162. The final output of exclusive or gates 242, 254
The force is such that the final contents of registers 160, 162 are
Indicates a positive or negative value (rounded up to 1)
It should be noted that A belief that indicates whether the sum is positive or negative.
The numbers are the output terminals of the exclusive OR gates 242 and 254.
It is taken out from the terminal and sent to the output terminals 256 and 264.
These are the signals given respectively. Final “0” output
is the sum stored in registers 260 and 262
is positive, and a “1” output indicates that those records are positive.
Indicates that the sum stored in register is negative.
vinegar. The contents of registers 160, 162 are transferred to terminals 258,
256, and the intermediate bit location
is extracted and the data is shifted by 5 places.
let The GRES signal given to the Noah gate 200 is
Set the output to "0". This output is Noah Gate 2
02 and emits a “1” signal at its output terminal.
bring to life Noah Gates 200 and 202 are electronic
Configure a tsuchi circuit. This latch circuit
From the Q output terminal of the flop 222 to the gate 202
until a "1" signal is given to another input terminal of
Keep it latched. “1” output of Noah Gate 202
power to the set input terminal of flip-flop 218.
Given. This flip-flop 218 is
It is in the set state when it is toggled by the lock signal.
Then, a "1" signal is generated at its Q output terminal.
This “1” output is added to the AND gate 220.
Open the lever and gate, and
The first MT01 signal being applied to another input terminal
signal to its output terminal. This MT01
The signal is the set input terminal of flip-flop 222.
, ANDGATE 230 and NANDGATE 21
This is the ADDT signal given to 0. This ADDT
The flip-flop 222 to which the signal is applied is
Set state when toggled by lock signal
and produces a "1" output at its Q output terminal. child
The “1” signal causes the NAND gates 200 and 202 to
Let it open. These nand gates are nand gates
200 until the next GRES signal is given.
maintain condition. Q output terminal of flip-flop 222
A “1” signal from the child opens AND gate 224.
and the next input given to another input terminal of that gate.
Pass the MT2 signal to the output terminal. This MT2
The signal is the reset of flip-flops 218 and 222.
is applied to the input terminal. These flip-flops
The switch returns to its original state when toggled by a clock pulse.
will be in the reset state. ADDT signal during each period
is generated only once per GRES signal, and the signal is generated only once per GRES signal.
The first MT01 signal generated after the
match the number. The DG15 signal is the toggle of flip-flop 226.
input terminal to change its state.
DG15 signal and flip-flop 226 Q output
are applied to different input terminals of AND gate 228.
This flip-flop outputs the output signal DG31.
Occur. This DG31 signal has an interval of 32 microseconds
See Figure 23.
The 32 bits used to perform division, which will be explained below.
This is a control signal for the shift register. Comparator 164, divider 166, and arctangent
Configuration of ROM 168 and cotangent correction circuit 170
Details are shown in FIG. 23. Terminal 258 (Figure 20)
is AND gate 282, Noah gate 284,
to each one input terminal with exclusive OR gate 286
It is connected via an inverter 280. Andoge
The output terminals of the gate 282 and the NOR gate 284 are
Set input terminal and reset terminal of lip-flop 288
connected to the flip-flop input terminals respectively.
The Q output terminal of gate 288 is connected to exclusive OR gate 286.
connected to another input terminal. flip flop
Exclusive OR gate 28 to set input terminal of 290
6 outputs are given, and the signals DG31 and MT01 are
applied to the toggle input terminal of flip-flop 290.
It will be done. The Q output terminal of flip-flop 290 is
Exclusive with the input terminals of AND gates 292 and 294
Entering or gate 350, 352, 354, 356
The third terminal from the top of the power terminal and shift register 358
It is directly connected to the bit terminal of the
Inverter 30 to the input terminals of ports 296 and 298
0 and 302, respectively. and
Another input terminal of gates 292, 298 is terminal 26.
6 (Fig. 20), and the AND gate 29
4,296 additional input terminals are connected to the terminal. The output terminals of AND gates 292 and 296 are OR
Connected to the output terminal of gate 304. This orr
The output terminal of the gate is the input terminal of the AND gate 306
Connected to child. Another input of AND gate 306
When signals MT23 and MT7 are given to the terminals,
Then, those signals are output via inverter 310.
is applied to the input terminal of the second gate 308 . Ann
Another input terminal of gate 308 is shifted by 32 bits.
Register 318-2^-1Connected to bit location.
The output terminals of AND gates 306 and 308 are
is connected to the input terminal of port 312. This oage
The output terminals of the gates are exclusive OR gates 314, 33.
Connected to input terminal 4. The output terminals of AND gates 294 and 298 are OR
Connected to the input terminal of gate 320, this gate
The output terminal of the gate is the input terminal of the AND gate 322.
connected to. Another input terminal of AND gate 322
Signals 01 and 7 are given to the children. Ann
The output terminal of gate 322 is exclusive OR gate 3
14 other input terminals and an AND gate 324,3
26 input terminals. exclusive or gate
The output terminal of 334 is AND gate 324, 328
connected to the input terminal of and gate 324,
The output terminals of 326 and 328 are connected to the OR gate 330.
Connected to each input terminal, output terminal of this OR gate
The child is connected to the set input terminal of flip-flop 332.
connected to the input terminal of exclusive OR gate 338
Ru. To the toggle input terminal of flip-flop 332
is given a clock signal. flip flop
The Q output terminal of 332 is connected to the exclusive OR gate 316.
input terminal and another of AND gates 326, 328
Connected to input terminal. The output terminal of exclusive OR gate 314 is
Connected to another input terminal of Agate 316, this
The output terminal of exclusive OR gate 316 is a 32-bit system.
The input terminal of the flip-flop register 318 and the flip-flop register 318
is connected to the set input terminal of pin 336. pretend
A signal is sent to the toggle input terminal of the pop-flop 336.
DG31 is given. This flip-flop
The Q output terminals of exclusive OR gates 334 and 338
Connected to another input terminal. The output terminal of exclusive OR gate 338 is a flip
Connected to the set input terminal of flop 340.
This flip-flop 340 is a series connected flip-flop.
combined with flops 342, 344, 346
appears at the output terminal of exclusive OR gate 338.
Construct a quotient register to store the quotient output of the division. Q output terminals of flip-flops 342 to 348
is connected to the address input terminal of arctangent ROM168
be done. Exclusive or gate 314, 316, 33
4,338 and AND gate 306,308,3
22, 324, 326, 328 and or gate 3
12,330, inverter 310, and flip
Flops 332, 336 and shift register 31
8 constitutes a division circuit. This divider circuit is
Consists of lip-flops 340 to 348
Divider 166 shown in FIG. 15 with quotient register
Configure. The 4-bit word output terminal of the arctangent ROM168 is excluded.
To other input terminals of other OR gates 350 to 356
Connected. Outputs of these gates 350-356
The output terminal inputs the lower 4 bits of the shift register 358.
connected to the power terminal. The parallel load input signal is
from the output terminal of the gate 366 to the shift register 3
58 input terminals. and gate 36
The signals MT0, TM8 and the fourth input terminal are
Counting period P_Foursignal P indicating the end of₁is given
Ru. Shift registers 160, 162 (Fig. 20)
Terminals 256, 26 for receiving a signal indicating the code of the content
4 is the setting of flip-flops 360 and 364.
Each is connected to the input terminal. these fritz
Pflops 360 and 364 are exclusive or gates 3
62 to another input terminal. This exclusive
The output terminal of Agate is on the shift register 358.
It is connected to the second digit bit input terminal. pretend
The Q output terminal of the pop-flop 360 is a shift register.
358.
exclusive or gates 350 to 356, 362 and
Lip flops 360, 364 and AND gate
366 and parallel load shift register 358
A cotangent correction circuit 170 (FIG. 15) is constructed. Next, the operation of the circuit shown in FIG.
This will be explained with reference to Figures 1, 22, and 24 and Table.
First, refer to FIG. 24. This figure shows that the phase angle φ
The diagram shows four possible quadrants. In the first quadrant, the sine
Both the value and the cosine value are positive. i.e. exclusive
Output terminals and terminals 25 of OR gates 242 and 254
6,264, the signal appearing during the DG31 signal
Both numbers are "0". Therefore, Fritzpf
Loops 360, 364 are exclusive or gates 362
The upper two of the shift register 358
Give "0" to two bit input terminals. Phase angle φ
is included in the fourth quadrant, terminals 256, 264
The signals appearing in are "0" and "1" respectively,
Two upper bit input terminals of shift register 358
The signals given to the child are "0" and "1" respectively.
Ru. If the phase angle φ is included in the fourth quadrant, the above
The signals are "1" and "0" respectively, and in the fourth quadrant
If the phase angle φ is included, both of the above signals become
It is "1". Therefore, the top two bits
indicates the value of the phase angle φ. Sine shift register 160 and cosine shift register
The contents of data 162 are sent to terminals 258 and 266 respectively.
given. Absolute of the contents of sine register 160
The value is less than the absolute value of the contents of cosine register 162
When the Q output of flip-flop 288 is
"1", and the output of the inverter 280 is "1"
It is. This "1" output creates an exclusive OR gate.
286 output and flip-flop 290 Q output
is set to "0". This “0” Q output is the divider 1
66 and the cotangent correction circuit 170. fritz
The ``0'' output of pushflop 290 sets the sine register.
The contents of data 160 are input to divider 166 as a numerator.
and the contents of cosine register 162 are divided as the denominator.
It is entered into a calculator 166. flipflop 29
The “0” output of 0 is the input to the arctangent ROM168.
Show that tanφ, and therefore this arctangent
The value of φ output by the ROM 168 follows equation (7).
“0” signal is the third from the top of register 358
bit input terminal and exclusive OR gate 350~3
56 input terminals. exclusive or gate
350 to 356 simulate the contents of arctangent ROM168.
Lower four bit input terminals of shift register 358
pass directly to the child. The absolute value of the contents of the sine register 160 is the cosine register.
When it is larger than the absolute value of the contents of star 162, the free
The output of the pop-flop 290 is "1", and this output
is a divider using the contents of the cosine register 162 as the numerator.
166 and the contents of the sine register 160.
It is input to the divider 166 as the denominator. this
“1” output is from the top of shift register 358
It is also applied to the third bit input terminal. this is
The input to the arctangent ROM168 is cotφ.
show. Given to exclusive or gates 350-356
The “1” signal that is output is the compensation of the output of the arctangent ROM168.
The number is shifted to the fourth position from the top of the shift register 358.
input to the bit input terminal. Therefore, this
The contents of the parallel load shift register follow equation (8). applied to the parallel input terminal of shift register 358.
The output signal from AND gate 366 is
are placed in the register accordingly. this andgame
The signals MT0, TM8, P<sub>1</sub>Opened by child
This is the fourth period P<sub>Four</sub>End of division after data from
digits are shifted from shift registers 160 and 162.
It means that it was served. The operation of divider 166 is as follows. fritz
The “0” output of flipflop 290 is connected to inverter 30.
One input terminal of AND gate 296 through 0
given to. Data from sine register 160
The output is the terminal 258, the OR gate 304, and the signal
An andgame opened by MT23,7
one of the exclusive or gates 314 via gate 306
is applied to the input terminal of Signal MT23,7
is inverted by inverter 310 and then
is applied to gate 308 to close this AND gate.
Similarly, data from shift register 318 is circulated.
prevent that from happening. When signals MT23 and 7 disappear, the andgame starts.
gate 306 is closed and AND gate 308 is opened.
and the data stored in the register.
Allow circulation through gate 308. At the same time, the AND gate 322 outputs the signal
Opened by 01,7, cosine register 162
The contents of the terminal 266 and the AND gate 298,
via or gate 320 and and gate 322
Exclusive or gate 314, 316, 334
, and gates 324, 326, 328, and
Agate 330 and flip-flop 332,3
36 to the addition/subtraction circuit consisting of
It will be done. Flip-flop 336 connects signals MT23 and
It will be reset by TM7, so it will not be an exclusive offer.
``1'' is given to another input terminal of port 338.
Ru. For this purpose, the addition/subtraction circuit is placed in subtraction mode.
Then, the data from cosine register 162 is input to sine register 162.
The difference is subtracted from the data received from the register.
is applied to shift register 318. Signal MT
When 23 and 7 are gone, AND gate 306
is closed and the data from sine register 160
prevents further input until the division is completed.
will be stopped. from cosine register 162 during the next operation.
data is stored in the shift register 318.
added to the recycled surplus,
It may be deducted from the remainder. This remainder is from the denominator
If larger, the last
Since the number is 0, flip-flop 336 is
Reset state when toggled by No. DG31
keep it. However, when the denominator is larger than the remainder, the f
The lip-flop 332 outputs “1” (carried
“1”) and enters the shift register 318.
The number of is "1". For that reason, Flip Flots
336 changes state and puts a ``0'' on its Q output terminal.
will occur. Addition/subtraction times for this “0” output
The path stores the contents of cosine register 162 as a remainder during the next operation.
Add the rest. This addition/subtraction circuit is the 20th
Basically, the addition/subtraction circuit explained with reference to the diagram
Since they are the same, their explanation will be omitted here. Exclusive OR gate 338 is activated at the end of each operation.
A quotient signal is generated at the output terminal, and this quotient signal is
flip-flops 340-34 connected to
It is stored in a quotient register consisting of 8. Exclusion
The output of the other OR gate 316 is a flip-flop.
If the output is different from the output of the 336, the flip-flop
A “1” signal is given to the set input terminal of 340.
Ru. For this purpose, this flip-flop is set-like.
state and is toggled by signal DG31.
produces a ``1'' at its output terminal. The next operation is completed.
appears at the output terminal of exclusive OR gate 338.
The signal sent determines the state of flip-flop 340.
and the previous state of this flip-flop is
The data is sent to the flop 342, etc. This behavior
It lasts until 6 additions or subtractions are performed, and then
Exclusive OR gate 3 when the next 5 operations are completed
38 output signals are output from flip-flops 340 to 34.
8 so that it can be stored. The numerator is register 16
Less than the two values stored in 0,162
Since it is selected, the result of the first operation is
(output of exclusive OR gate 338) is always "0"
, and this output is discarded. Typical divider operation is shown in table
Let us explain by taking division as an example. for example,
Value of data stored in sine register 160
is 33, and the data stored in the cosine register 162 is
Assume that the value of the data is 57. Multiply these numbers by 32
digit (move 5 digits to the left) to the number at the beginning of the table.
Shown in 2 lines.

【table】

【table】 In the first step (0), from the cosine register
Is the data (numerator D) in the sine register?
The remainder R is stored in the shift register 318.
available. Assuming the numerator is smaller than two values
Since it is selected, or gate 330 and flip
The output of flop 332 is “1” indicating carry 1.
vinegar. The output of flip-flop 336 is also "1".
Therefore, the quotient output Q of the exclusive OR gate 338 is
0, and this output is from flip-flop 3.
given to 40. Free after the period MT23
The pop-flop 336 is toggled by the DG31 signal.
and because of the “1” output of exclusive OR gate 316.
change the state. Then exclusive or gate
The signal given to another input terminal of 334 is "0"
This “0” output is used as the denominator for the addition/subtraction circuit.
D as the remainder “R” stored in the register 318
The action added to is performed during the next step. In the next step (Step 1), shift register
The contents of star 318 shifted by one digit are displayed.
The result R is added to the mother D and the result R is transferred to the shift register 318.
given to. After completing this step, the or game
The output of the frame 330 is “1” (carry 1), and the output is “1” (carry 1).
The output of lip-flop 336 becomes "0". Exclusion
The quotient output Q of the other OR gate 338 is “1”.
Ru. This output is toggled by signal DG31
is sometimes provided to flip-flop 340. this
Sometimes flip-flop 340 occurs in the previous step.
The “0” stored in is sent to the flip-flop 342.
being sent. This same operation is shown in table
This is also done in steps 2 to 5. vinegar
When step 5 is completed, flip-flop 340-3
A 48-piece quotient register stores the quotient in digital form.
I can do it. The contents of the sine register 160 are the cosine register 16
If it is larger than the contents of 2, the flip-flop
The output of step 290 is "1", and the cosine register
The content of is passed through the AND gate 294 as a molecule.
It is applied to a divider 166. The division is as mentioned above.
It is carried out as follows. Next, refer to FIG. 25. This figure shows the phase angle square
Equalizing circuit 172, comparator 174, and accumulator 176
The configuration is shown in detail. Phase angle averaging circuit 1
The function of 72 is that the phase correction function of the ignition advance angle is performed once.
extended over a series of adjustments rather than an adjustment of
This eliminates the effects of cycle-by-cycle fluctuations and improves performance.
This is to improve conversion characteristics, etc. This is detected
The calculated error and the calculated correction angle φc were detected.
As obtained based on the average phase angle, we will discuss later
By averaging the calculated phase angles,
will be held. This circuit uses low-frequency digital wave technology to adjust the phase angle
Performs signal average calculation. The behavior of this filter is
Difference equation of the first kind x(kT)=av(kT)+(1-a)x(kT-T) This can be explained by In this formula, T is
In the example described here, the internal combustion engine
ignition rate, k is the running index (running
index) is an integer, (kT) is the data during the kth T period.
The input to the digital filter, x(kT-T) is k-
The output of the digital filter during the first T period,
a is a programmable constant. The constant a can be constant, or the manifold
air pressure (MAP), engine speed, air flow, slot
Engine operating parameters such as torque position, coolant temperature
The meter's stored value is pre-programmed.
Variables can also be selected from a survey table.
Ru. The value of a determines the time constant of the filter. parable
For example, the input to the filter is set to a unit step function with k=0.
Assume that a=1/4 or (a=2ⁿ) and tentative
If the filter output x (kT - T) is
Values are 1/4, 1/4 + 3/4 (1/4), 1/4 (3/4) + 1/4 (1
−3/4)……. Set the output of this filter to the value
a=1/2 (n=1), a=1/4 (n=2) and x
The case of =1 is shown graphically in FIG. Referring again to FIG. 25, the cotangent correction circuit 170
(Fig. 23) Parallel output of shift register 358
is provided to multiplexer 368. This circle
The output terminal of the multiplexer is 1 of the AND gate 372.
connected to two input terminals. Manufactured by RCA
A multiplexer like the RCA CD-4051
The value a is received from the time constant controller 370. mentioned above
, the time constant controller 370 is the arctangent ROM 16
It can be made into a survey table comparable to 8, and the engine
speed, manifold pressure, air volume, and throttle position.
outputs signals depending on engine operating parameters such as
Strengthen. This signal controls the filter time constant.
Ru. The output terminal of AND gate 372 is an OR gate
376 and exclusive or gates 378, 386
and connect it to the input terminal of the 16-bit shift register 388.
Continued. The parallel output terminal of this shift register is
Connected to parallel input terminals of second multiplexer 390
It also receives a signal from the time constant controller 370.
Ru. This multiplexer 390 is a multiplexer
Same as 368. Multiplexer 390 Direct
The column output terminal is connected to the input terminal of AND gate 374.
Continued. The output terminal of this AND gate is
connected to the input terminal of port 376. andgame
Signals MT1 and TT8 are input to the other input terminal of port 372.
and to another input terminal of AND gate 374
is given signals MT0 and TM8. exclusive or
Signal MT0 is applied to one input terminal of gate 392.
available. The output terminal of this gate is an AND gate
380 and connected to Noah Gate 382. and
Another input terminal of gate 380 and NOR gate 382
is connected to the output terminal of OR gate 376. a
Output terminals of nd gate 380 and NOR gate 382
is the hit input terminal of flip-flop 384 and the reset terminal.
are connected to the set input terminals respectively, and
The Q output terminal of flop 384 is an exclusive-or game.
is connected to another input terminal of port 386. Above explanation
This circuit constitutes the phase angle averaging circuit 172 shown in FIG.
to be accomplished. The serial output terminal of shift register 388 is exclusive
When connected directly to another input terminal of OR gate 392
Both are ORGATE 396 and ANDGATE 406.
and the AND gate to the input terminal of NOR gate 408.
connection via port 394. and gate 39
Signals MT2 and TM8 are given to the other input terminals of 4.
It will be done. The output terminals of exclusive OR gate 396 are 16
To the input terminal of bit shift register accumulator 422
via exclusive or gates 398, 412, 418
Exclusive or gate 398
via AND gate 414 and NOAH gate 416
connected to the input terminal of Reference signal φ_Rnumber indicating
The output terminal of the 16-bit shift register 400 that stores
The child has its own input terminal and the AND gate 402's
Connected to input terminal. Another of and gate 402
Signals MT2 and TM8 are given to the input terminals of
Ru. The output terminal of AND gate 402 is an exclusive OR
When connected directly to another input terminal of gate 396
and the AND gate 40 via the inverter 404.
6 and another input terminal of the NOR gate 408.
It will be done. And gate 406 and Noah gate 408
The output terminal is the set input of flip-flop 410.
terminal and reset input terminal respectively, and
The Q output terminal of the lip-flop 410 is an exclusive OR
Connected to another input terminal of gate 398. game
394, 396, 398, 402, 406, 4
08, shift register 400, and inverter 4
04 and flip-flop 410 are shown in FIG.
A comparator 174 is configured. The output terminal of the shift register 422 is the adder circuit 1
78 (Figure 15) and exclusive or gate 412.
Input of AND gate 414 and Noah gate 416
connected to the power terminal. exclusive or gate 412
and AND gate 414 and NOAH gate 416
Another input terminal is the output terminal of exclusive OR gate 398.
Connected to child. ANDGATE 414 and NOAH GAME
The output terminal of flip-flop 416 is connected to the output terminal of flip-flop 420.
Connect to the set input terminal and reset input terminal respectively.
connected, and the output terminal of this flip-flop is exclusive
connected to another input terminal of the target OR gate 418.
Ru. Gates 412, 414, 416, 418,
Flip-flop 420 and shift register 42
2 constitutes the accumulator 176 in FIG. Next, the operation of the circuit shown in FIG. 25 will be explained. Game
372, 374, 376, 378, 380,
382, 386, 392 are flip-flops 38
4 as well as the addition/
Configure a subtraction circuit. This addition/subtraction circuit is
Subtraction is performed during MT0, and addition is performed during period MT1.
I do. The multiplexer 368 has the function u(kT)
and multiplexer 390 performs function x(kT).
cormorant. When a is a constant, eliminate the time constant controller 370
and multiplexers 368 and 390 can be
When a=1, the data is shifted by one digit, and a=
When it is 2, the data is shifted by 2 digits...
In the shifted relation representing the constant a,
It can be used as a shift register to store data.
Ru. During periods MT0 and MT8, multiplexer 39
The data ax(kT−T) from 0 is exclusive or
shift register circulated through port 378
The contents of shift register 388 are subtracted from the contents of shift register 388.
Data from 58 is loaded to multiplexer 368.
is coded. Data au during periods MT1 and TM8
(kT) is added to the new contents of shift register 388.
calculated. When periods MT1 and TM8 have passed,
The contents of the shift register 388 are x(kT) = a(kT)
+(1-a)x(kT-T). The waveformed phase angle φavg is determined by the gate 396,4
02,406,408, and inverter 404,
exclusive or gates 396, 398 and flippf
In the subtraction circuit consisting of a loop 410,
Therefore, during periods MT2 and TM8, the shift register
The quasi-phase angle φ stored in 400_RDraw from it?
and outputs a difference signal to the output terminal of exclusive OR gate 398.
△φ appears. This difference signal is the signal of accumulator 176.
and is applied to the shift register 422. accumulator smell
In this case, the difference signal Δφ is the gate 412, 414, 41
It consists of 6,418 and flip-flop 420.
The adder circuit in the shift register 422
added to the content. The sum of difference signals φc is shifted
From register 422 to adder 178 in FIG.
is added to the contents of register B142.
It will be done. Adder 178, ignition angle register 180, register
start multiplier 182 and up counter 1
84, down counter 186, and dwell circuit 1
The details of the configuration with 88 are shown in FIG. register
The signal from B142 is the input of AND gate 424
given to the terminal. The output terminal of this gate is exclusive
Ignition angle shift via target OR gates 426, 428
When connected to the input terminal of the register register 180,
Input of AND gate 432 and Noah gate 434
Connected directly to the power terminal. Output of shift register 422
The force signal φc is applied to the input terminal of the AND gate 430.
available. The output terminal of this AND gate is exclusive
ORGATE 426, ANDGATE 432, and NOAH
Connected to another input terminal of gate 434. Ann
Outputs of gate 432 and exclusive-or gate 434
The terminal is the set input terminal of flip-flop 436.
and reset input terminals, respectively. this
The Q output terminal of the flip-flop is an exclusive-or game.
is connected to another input terminal of port 428. Andoge
The other input terminals of ports 423 and 430 are connected to the signal MT.
3. TM8 is given. Gates 424, 42
6,428,430,432,434 and flip
Flop 436 constitutes a conventional adder circuit. S
The parallel output terminal of the foot register 180 is a rate terminal.
At the input terminal to the chipplier 182, this rate master
Multiplier received from ignition angle register 180
generate a signal having a frequency proportional to the data;
The signal is given to up counter 184. this
The parallel output terminal of the up counter is a down counter.
186 input terminal. counter 18
4,186 periodically resets the counter 184
and transfers the contents of counter 184 to counter 186.
It also receives the signal θr to be sent. The counter 186 is
It is counted down by Tsuku Pulse. da
The zero count output terminal of the counter 186 is free.
Connected to the set input terminal of flip-flop 438.
Ru. The Q output terminal of this flip-flop is up.
Connected to the down input terminal of the down counter 440.
It will be done. Zero count of up-down counter 440
The output terminal is the reset input of flip-flop 438.
connected to the power terminal. flip-flop 438
The ignition signal I appearing at the Q output terminal is transmitted to the amplifier 104.
(Figure 15). Clock signal is hot
Down clock input terminal of down down counter 440
to the toggle input terminal of the flip-flop 442
Given. Flipflop 442 is an andgame
444 to form a 1/2 division circuit.
to be accomplished. AND gate 444 output clock signal
is divided into 1/2 and then the up/down counter
applied to the up clock input terminal of the controller 440.
Ru. The operation of this circuit is as follows. Period MT
3. Correction signal φc from accumulator 176 during TM8
is added by the adder circuit 178 to the contents of register B142.
and stored in the ignition angle register 180.
It will be done. The contents of this register are rate multiplier
182. This rate multiply
y is the value of the data received from the ignition angle register 180
generates an output pulse with a frequency determined by
Ru. This output pulse is applied to the up counter 184.
available. This counter is used for two consecutive clans.
The number of pulses during the horizontal axis reference signal θr is counted.
Number of pulses counted by this up counter
is proportional to the contents of the firing angle register 180. The contents of register 180 are inversely proportional to engine speed.
do. Crankshaft reference signal θr is in the count-up period
indicates the end of the interval and displays the number of stored pulses.
After sending to up counter 186, up counter
184 is reset to zero. In the next interval, down
Counter 186 counts down by clock
When the value reaches zero, a signal is issued. up counter 1
The operation of 84 and down counter 186 is shown in Figure 28.
It is shown. θr₀from θr₁in the first interval up to
is the counter stored in the up counter 184.
The number of points is indicated by the solid line 446.
Increases at a rate proportional to the contents of the fire angle register 180
do. Time that matches the next crankshaft reference signal θr
θr₁Then, the contents of up counter 184 are down.
It is sent to counter 186. This counter is
As shown by line 448, the clock pulse
counts at a constant rate determined by the frequency of
Go down. signal θr₁time t after₁Down
The counter 186 becomes a zero count, as shown in the figure.
ignition signal 450 is generated. Broken lines 452, 45
4 inputs the phase correction signal φc in the register B142.
ignition angle register, as seen when adding
Upcount for the increased value of the contents of 180
The contents of the counter 184 and down counter 186 are displayed.
vinegar. The down counter 186 is at time t.₂zero count to
and time t₁The ignition signal is generated at a later time.
Ru. In this way, the ignition angle register 180 stores
The current ignition angle signal is the crankshaft reference signal.
θr₁is converted with a time delay. As the engine speed increases, θr₀and θr₁time between
becomes shorter, so the up counter becomes 184.
The count number sent to the down counter 186 is
Decrease, the crankshaft reference signal θr₁and down cow
The time from when the counter 186 reaches zero count
becomes shorter, and the time at which the ignition signal is generated is delayed.
It is clear that The operation of dwell circuit 188 is as follows. da
Before the output signal of counter 186 is generated
flip-flop 438 is in the reset state.
generates a positive signal at its output terminal, and that signal
is amplified by an amplifier 104 and then sent to the coil 10
given to 6. The pattern from down counter 186
The pulse signal triggers flip-flop 438 to
change the state and the signal generated at the output terminal.
terminating the signal that was being given to coil 106.
At that time, the high voltage that is discharged to the spark plug is
generate. In the reset state, the Q of flip-flop 438 is
A "0" signal is generated at the output terminal. This “0” signal
is an AND gate to the up-down counter 440
Count the pulses generated at the output terminal of 444.
Ru. As mentioned above, the output of the AND gate 444
The pulse is a halved clock signal.
Counter 440 is a set of flip-flop 438.
is generated by the down counter 186 to the input terminal.
Counts until a given ignition signal is given. child
The flip-flop is set by the ignition signal of
and terminates the signal that was occurring at that output terminal.
and generates a "1" signal at the Q output terminal. this
The “1” signal is clocked into the up-down counter 440.
It starts counting down in response to the lock pulse.
let This counter pulses when it reaches zero count.
occurs. This pulse is the flip-flop 43
8 is generated at its Q output terminal.
The "1" signal that was
Generates a “1” signal at the power terminal and increases that signal.
It is amplified by the amplifier 104 and then applied to the coil 106.
Ru. Down counter 186 reaches zero count
This dwell cycle continues until the ignition signal is generated one more time.
The road remains in this state. In this way, amplifier 1
04 is proportional to engine speed after each ignition signal.
The operation can be stopped for a certain amount of time. dwell circuit
The operation is shown in FIG. Referring to this diagram, the time
t₃flip-flop 438 is reset
produces a "1" signal at the output terminal of. This signal is
After being amplified by an amplifier 104, the ignition coil 106
given to. At the same time, up-down cow
The printer 440, as shown by line 460,
Start counting at half the rate of the clock signal.
Ru. time t₁The ignition signal I generated in
Set the loop 438 to its output terminal.
A "0" signal is generated (line 464). At the same time
The up-down counter 440 is at time t'₃ni zero
at the rate of clock pulses until count is reached.
Start counting down. In this way,
The flip-down counter 440 is now a flip-flop.
This generates a signal to reset pin 438.
The output of the flip-flop becomes “1” again.
This "1" output is amplified by the amplifier 104.
and then reapplied to the ignition coil 106. de
The El circuit is at time t′₁The next ignition signal is generated at
Maintain this state until the ignition signal reaches the flippuff.
Reset loop 438. Atpu-downka
counter 440 indicates time t''₃becomes zero count again.
Flip-flop 438 remains in the reset state until
keep. In this way, amplifier 104 is turned on.
The ratio of time to "off" time is kept constant. Kazumi
In the example, this ratio is 2:1, but
Up and down counters 440
Select the rate of the clock signal to be clocked appropriately.
Another time ratio can be obtained by Applying high voltage to the spark plug of a spark discharge ignition engine
Instead of generating the ignition signal that gives the spark discharge ignition
Injection tie for engine or diesel engine
This dwell circuit is designed to generate a timing signal.
It is clear that the parameters can be adjusted. Book
The closed loop timing circuit of the invention
The fuel is injected so that the phase angle of the wave is optimized.
You can move the time forward or backward. Closed loop fuel control device The fuel control device of the present invention is characterized by the rotation of the flywheel.
By detecting variations in rolling speed between cylinders.
It is a device that is closed around the engine.
Disclosed in U.S. Pat. No. 3,789,816 described
This is an improvement to the lean limit rotational unevenness control device. The basic configuration of the closed-loop fuel control device is explained in the 30th chapter.
As shown in the figure. As explained with reference to Figure 8,
Engine 20 responds to manual operation and ambient parameters.
It receives the air-fuel mixture. This engine uses spark ignition
Either engine or diesel engine.
The number of cylinders is also arbitrary. Provided to the engine
The amount of fuel supplied depends on the input received from the engine.
Accordingly, the conventional fuel control computer 466
is calculated. The uneven rotation sensor 468 is the engine
flywheel rotational speed per cylinder
A rotational unevenness signal R having a value indicating the fluctuation is generated.
Ru. Engine speed sensor 470 detects engine speed.
The speed signal w shown in FIG. Rotation unevenness signals R and E
The engine speed w is multiplied by a multiplier 472, and
normalized with values independent of engine speed
A rotational unevenness signal R(w) is generated. engine speed
The signal is differentiated by a differentiating circuit 474 to correct the transient mode.
Generates a positive signal w〓. Speed normalized rotation irregularity
Signal R(w) and transient mode correction signal w〓 are adder circuits
At 476, these signals are added to the reference signal Ref.
A sum signal ε of the signals is generated. This signal ε is an integrator
478. Then, this integrator becomes
Bias signal Vb indicating the integrated value of sum signal ε
occurs. The fuel control computer 466 is
is supplied to the engine according to the value of the as signal Vb.
increases or decreases the amount of fuel in the engine
Keep the rolling unevenness at a specified value. save fuel consumption
Because of this, this predetermined rotational unevenness value is due to engine leanness.
Uneven rotation or catalyst indicating operation at limit values
Required to operate the converter efficiently.
It can be any other value. Next, the operation of this closed-loop fuel control device is
This will be explained with reference to FIG. fuel control
The computer 466 is shown in FIG.
includes a bias signal Vb having a predetermined value Vbc to
A predetermined amount of fuel is delivered to the engine according to various inputs.
calibrated to provide Bias signal Vb
The amount of fuel supplied to the engine according to the value of
Increase or decrease as shown at 480
Ru. Line 480 represents a linear function of Vb as shown.
If so, as shown by the broken line 482, the Vb is nonlinear
It can also be a form function. At a predetermined value Vb′ of Vb
The engine rotates at the desired rotational unevenness level.
The bias signal Vb having a value smaller than Vb′ is
It receives more fuel than desired and rotates smoothly.
Indicates which engine is installed. Therefore, the fuel control
The computer 466 responds to the low value of the bias signal Vb.
reduces the amount of fuel supplied to the engine.
Ru. On the contrary, if the value of bias signal Vb is
When it is larger than Vb′, the fuel supplied to the engine is
The amount of fuel is less than desired and the fuel control computer
This enriches the air-fuel mixture supplied to the engine. The engine 20 is operated by manual input, operation input, and surroundings.
By inputting the conditions and the value of the bias signal Vb
A signal that causes a determined amount of fuel to be delivered to the engine
is received from the computer 466. each cylinder
The fuel burned inside generates a pulsating wave of torque.
do. These torque pulsating waves cause engine cracking.
The rotational speed of the link shaft is gradually increased as shown in Figure 7.
change. Same angle for each torque pulsating wave
Detect crankshaft rotational speed in degree increments
The rotational unevenness sensor 468 generates a rotational unevenness signal R.
Ru. This signal R is a pulsating wave of torque that is generated sequentially.
The difference in crankshaft rotational speed resulting from
show. The value of the rotational unevenness signal R is a function of engine speed.
Since the signal R changes in the opposite direction, the multiplier 472
is given from engine speed sensor 470.
The velocity signal (w) is multiplied and the velocity is normalized.
A rotation unevenness signal R(w) is generated. after that,
The reference signal Ref is subtracted from the uneven rotation signal,
Measured rotational unevenness level and predetermined rotational unevenness level
A sum signal ε is generated that indicates the difference between the two signals. of the reference signal
The predetermined rotational unevenness level is the measured rotational unevenness level.
The fuel control computer 466 can
The engine is operating at its calibration point or lean limit.
other selected parameters, including the unevenness level of the engine.
It supplies fuel to the engine at a certain point. that
The sum signal is integrated by an integrator 478 and biased.
The signal becomes Vb. This bias signal is
is applied to the computer 466, as shown in FIG.
to the engine according to the value of the bias signal.
Increase or decrease the amount of fuel supplied
I will The configuration of the rotation unevenness sensor 468 is shown in FIG.
vinegar. As explained with reference to FIG.
The teeth of the toothed wheel 58 attached to the shaft are magnetic.
Every time you pass near the pick-up 54, the amplifier
A reference signal θr is generated at the output terminal of 60. here
Are you assuming that an 8-cylinder engine is used?
Therefore, the reference signal θr changes every two revolutions of the crankshaft.
Teething so that it occurs once for each cylinder.
The pullers 58 were spaced 90 degrees apart from each other.
It has 4 teeth. The signal θr is the power stroke or
or any other predetermined angle before the top dead center position
is generated each time each piston reaches . similarly
The amplifier 76 is connected to the ring gear 70 of the engine.
Each time a tooth passes near the magnetic pick-up 74,
Generates signal θt. For example, between each reference signal θr
Ring gear so that 40 teeth signal θt is generated.
70 can be provided with 160 teeth. each tooth
The signal represents a 2.5 degree rotation of the crankshaft. The tooth counter 484 is cleared by each reference signal θr.
the number of tooth signals received from amplifier 76
count. and gate 486, 488,
498,500 is the predetermined bit location of the tooth counter
A predetermined number of tooth signals θt were counted.
generates an output signal at the same time. and gate 486,
The output terminal of 488 is connected to the flip-flop 490.
Connect to the reset input terminal and reset input terminal respectively.
And the output terminal of AND gate 498,500 is
Set input terminal and reset of flip-flop 502
are connected to the respective input terminals. Fritzpf
The Q output of loop 490 is a positive signal during angular interval a.
, and the Q output of flip-flop 502 is the angle
During interval A, there is a positive signal. Regarding this, see the third section.
This will be explained later with reference to FIG. and gate 48
6,488,498,500 is a flip-flop
490 and 500 constitute a normal decoder.
Ru. The Q output terminal of flip-flop 490 is at time t.
It is connected to the input terminal of counter 492. oscillator
The high frequency clock signal generated by 494 is
is counted by the counter 492 during the angular interval a.
Ru. The count value of this counter is normally variable.
(VF) is applied in parallel to the oscillator 496. This issue
The vibrator 496 is inversely proportional to the count value of the counter 492.
For example, an output signal of frequency f is generated. VF oscillation
The output terminal of the counter 496 is connected to the up counter 504 and the down counter 504.
Connected to the count input terminal of the counter 506.
It will be done. The contents of up counter 504 are down counters.
down counter 506 in parallel.
The contents of 06 are given in parallel to the absolute value converter 508.
It will be done. The output terminal of this absolute value converter is a digital
Connected in parallel to analog (D/A) converter 510
It will be done. The output terminal of flip-flop 502 is AND
Input terminal of gate 518 and flip-flop 5
It is connected to the D input terminal of 12. flipflop
The Q output terminal of flip-flop 512 is connected to flip-flop 514.
to the D input terminal of and the input terminal of AND gate 520.
connected, and the output terminal is separate from the AND gate 518.
connected to the input terminal of flip flop 51
The Q output terminal of 4 is the D input of flip-flop 516.
connected to the output terminal and the input terminal of the AND gate 522.
It will be done. The output terminal of flip-flop 514 is
is connected to another input terminal of the second gate 520 .
The Q output terminal of flip-flop 516 is an AND gate.
is connected to another input terminal of port 522. fritz
The flip-flops 512, 514, and 516 are D-shaped frits.
is toggled by the clock signal.
Ru. The inverted version of this clock signal is
AND gate 518,
520 and 522 to other input terminals. a
The output terminal of the gate 518 is connected to the absolute value converter 50.
8 and the load input terminal of the D/A converter 510.
connected, and the output terminal of AND gate 520 is down.
Connected to the load input terminal of counter 506,
The output terminal of the second gate 522 is the time t counter 4.
Load input terminal between 92 and up counter 504
connected to. Here, with reference to Figures 32 and 33, set the rotation unevenness.
The operation of sensor 468 will be explained. In Figure 33, the sine
Wave 526 represents a change in the rotational speed (w) of the crankshaft.
represent. The uneven rotation of the engine depends on the torque generated.
The rotational speed of the crankshaft caused by the pulsating waves of
The difference is in hierarchical changes. stoichiometric mixing ratio or
The combustion rate of the mixture with a mixture ratio near that point is relatively constant.
generated by each individual cylinder.
The torque pulsating waves are almost equal. The mixture gradually
As the mixture is thinned out, the combustion rate of the mixture becomes increasingly irregular.
Therefore, the pulsating waves of individual torques
Detects gradual changes in the rotational speed of the crankshaft due to
Get as big as you can. These gradual changes are shown in Figure 33.
The crankshaft rotates by a predetermined angle A so that
This can be easily done by measuring the time T required to
can be detected. Caused by pulsating waves of torque
The magnitude of the stepwise change in rotational speed is determined by the angular interval.
Average the measured incremental speed of the crankshaft in A
It can be normalized by dividing by the rolling speed. average rotation
The speed is determined by changing the predetermined angular interval a immediately before the angular interval A.
Detect the time t required for the crankshaft to rotate.
It is determined by The quotient T/t is
At the angular interval A generated by the pulsating wave of
is the normalized value of the rotation period of the crankshaft.
Ru. Rotation period between two successive torque pulsating waves
Is the stepwise variation of the distance T, that is, the rotational unevenness R, expressed by the following formula?
can be calculated with reasonable accuracy. R=|(T₁/t₁)−(T₂/t₂)｜ Or tavg=(t₁+t₂)/2 as R=|(T₁−T₂)｜／tavg Referring now to FIG. 32, amplifiers 60, 76
The reference signal θr and tooth generated at the output terminals of
Signal θt is connected to the enable input terminal of tooth counter 484.
Each is given to the count input terminal. tooth cow
The counter 484 picks up the magnetic pick-up after each reference signal θr.
The number of teeth passing near the tap 76 is counted. corner
The number of teeth representing the beginning of degree interval a was counted.
Later, AND gate 486 is actuated to
Generates a signal to set lip-flop 490.
Ru. For this purpose, the Q output of flip-flop 490 is
The terminal has a signal that operates the time t counter 492.
is generated. The tooth count in this counter is
When the number marking the end of degree interval a is reached, the flip-flop
It is possible to reset the loop 490 to the time t counter.
and game the signal that ends giving the enable signal.
488 occurs. Similarly, the angular interval A
At the beginning of the AND gate 498 flip-flops
502 and unload when angular interval A ends.
gate 500 resets flip-flop 502
to tsut. Q output terminal of flip-flop 502
is the up counter 504 and the down counter during the angular interval A.
counter 506 is operated. The activated time T counter 492 is an oscillator.
Receives a clock pulse from 494 and turns the crankshaft.
Angular interval a₁The time required to rotate t₁shows
The number is stored and the number is given to the VF oscillator 496.
This oscillator has a time t₁The pulse frequency f is inversely proportional to
(f=K/t₁) generates an output signal pulse. This pulse has a flip-flop during the angular interval A.
Up counter 504 according to the Q output of step 502
It is counted by When angular interval A ends
, the contents of the counter 504 are T₁/t₁number indicating the value of
It is. This number is the output terminal of AND gate 520
Load signal L generated in₂Cow down according to
is provided to the printer 506. During the next torque pulsating wave, the time t counter 4
92 has a crankshaft with an angular interval a₂required to rotate
time to₂Store the number that represents. Therefore, VF
The output frequency of oscillator 496 is at time t₂inversely proportional to
Angular interval A₂Meanwhile, the up counter 504 is again
Count up and value T₂/t₂Store a number that represents
T₁/t₁A down counter 50 that has previously stored a number indicating
6 is the same angular interval A₂K/t between₂Le is proportional to
count down. Angular interval A₂has ended
The contents of the hour counter 506 are (T₁/t₁)−(T₂/
t₂), and this number is converted by the absolute value converter 508.
After converting to absolute value, AND gate 518
Load signal L given by₁D/A conversion according to
510. This D/A converter is
Convert a number to the corresponding analog signal. Output terminal of AND gates 518, 520, 522
Load signal L generated for each child₁,L₂Toku
Rear signal C is started at the end of each angular interval A.
Ru. Flip-flop at the end of each angular interval A
502 is reset to generate an output signal.
This signal is the D input of the D flip-flop 512.
terminal and the input terminal of AND gate 518.
Ru. To another input terminal of AND gate 518,
Flips before toggling on leading edge of lock signal
The output of the flop 512 and the inverter 524
An inverted clock signal is provided. did
Therefore, the AND gate 518 outputs the load signal L.₁of
The content of the absolute value conversion 508 is converted to a D/A converter.
510 and the first time after angular interval A ends.
During the duration of the first “0” clock signal,
The contents of the counter 506 are sent to the absolute value converter 508.
loaded. Before the first “1” clock pulse
The edge toggles flip-flop 512 to
Terminates the Q output signal and flip-flop 502
AND gate 518 is closed until it is reset again.
Jiru. Then, the Q output of flip-flop 512
The force becomes “1” and this “1” Q output is
is applied to one input terminal of port 520. this
A “1” signal is also applied to another input terminal of the AND gate.
available. The next “0” clock signal is the inverter
524 and then AND gate 520
This AND gate is given to open the load signal.
No.L₂is generated and the heat is sent to the down counter 506.
The contents of the counter 504 are loaded. AND gate 522 is the output of inverter 524
, the Q output of flip-flop 514, and the flip-flop 514.
The angular interval A
In response to the third '0' clock pulse following the end of
A clear signal C is generated. and gate 522
The output of is the time t count after the data transfer is completed.
The counter 492 and up counter 504 are cleared. Another circuit that performs the same function is shown in Figure 34.
vinegar. A signal generator 528 generates a reference signal θr and a tooth signal θt.
The load signal and clear signal are received in response to the clock signal and the clock signal.
the required sequential operating signals such as the signals t, T
occurs. t signal is up counter 530,5
Given to 32. Parallel up counter 532
The output terminal is the parallel input terminal of the shift register 534
connected to the serial output terminal of this shift register.
is connected to the denominator input terminal of divider 538. child
The divider is the same type as the divider shown in Figure 23.
be. As mentioned above, the T signal is input to the up counter 5.
04 and down counter 506 enable input terminal
Given. In this case, these counters
A clock signal is applied to the count input terminal of
Ru. The parallel output terminal of down counter 506 is absolutely
It is connected to the parallel input terminal of value converter 536. child
The serial input terminal of the converter 536 is connected to the serial input terminal of the divider 538.
Connected to the molecule input terminal. The quotient of division is the quotient register
data 540. parallel output of this register
The terminal is connected to a D/A converter 510. this
The D/A converter is the same as that explained with reference to Fig. 32.
perform the same function. Next, referring to Fig. 33, we will explain the operation of the circuit shown in Fig. 34.
Explain the work. Angular interval a₁During this period, the signal t is sent to the signal generator 528.
It is generated by The up counter 530 is a clan
The angle interval a₁Indicates the time required to rotate the
number t₁Save. Then, the angular interval A₁T between
A signal is generated and the crankshaft moves at an angular interval A₁times
The number T that indicates the time required to rotate₁Atupkau
The data is stored by the printer 504. Angular interval A₁when it's over
The contents of up counter 530 are up counter 5.
32 in parallel, and the output of the up counter 504 is
in response to the load signal from signal generator 528.
It is sent to down counter 506. Angular interval a₂of
In the meantime, the up counter 530 counts again,
The crankshaft is angularly spaced a₂the time it takes to rotate
number t indicating the interval₂Save. Up counter 530 also
Angular interval a₂Counting between the angular intervals a₁and a₂
and indicates the time required for the crankshaft to rotate.
number t₁+t₂Save. Similarly, up counter 50
The content of 4 is that the crankshaft is angularly spaced A.₂rotate
The time T required for₂This is the number indicating the down cow.
The contents of the printer 506 are T₁and T₂The number T that shows the difference between₁−T₂
It is. Contents of down counter 506 T₁−T₂is the absolute value
After being converted into an absolute value by the converter 536, the divider
538, half of the contents of shift register 534
is divided by The contents of shift register 534 are shifted
The contents of register 534 are^-1Directly from the bit location
It is divided into halves by taking it out in a row. division
The value given to the denominator input terminal of the₁
and a₂Since it is the average value of t in t, tavg=(t₁+
t₂)/2. This average value of t is appropriate for practical use.
It is known that the counter 530,
If you have an up counter like 532, more will be added.
and the appropriate bit position of shift register 534.
By extracting the output from
The average of the degree intervals a can be taken if desired.
For example, the average of four angular intervals a is N^-2bit
It can be taken from a place, etc. quotient of division
is stored in the quotient register 540, and the division is completed.
It is applied to the D/A converter 510 at the same time. In certain applications for special engines, the third
Rotation unevenness signal generated by the circuit shown in Figures 2 and 34
It is possible to use the rotational unevenness signal which is the second difference between
desirable. Rotation unevenness signal R₁=(T₁−T₂)/tavg
and R₂=(T₂−T₃)/tavg,
The second difference is rotational unevenness R^*=R₁−R₂as it is
R₁and R₂This is the difference. A circuit that generates a rotational unevenness signal indicating the second difference.
It is shown in FIG. Refer to Figure 32 and Figure 35.
, the first difference (T₁−T₂)/tavg down count
data 506. This first difference is the quotient register
data 540. initial first difference R₁shows
Parallel - Temporarily stored in shift register 542
available. Second first difference R₂=(T₂−T₃)/
tavg is generated and downloaded at the end of the third interval.
is stored in the counter 506. down counter
506 and the serial output of shift register 542 are subtracted.
544. The output terminal of this subtractor is
Connected to shift register 546. shift register
The parallel output terminal of the star 546 is an absolute value converter 548
The series output terminal of this converter 548 is connected to
Connected to digital low pass filter 550. this
The output terminal of the filter is the input of the D/A converter 510.
Connected in parallel to the terminals. The operation of this circuit is as follows. first 1st
difference R₁=(T₁−T₂)/tavg is shift register 5
Given to 42. Third angular interval A₃has ended
Sometimes the down counter 506 is the difference between the first and second
R₂=(T₂−T₃)/tavg and this difference is a subtractor
The first difference R at the beginning₁=(T₁−T₂)/tavg
subtracted from the second difference R^*=R₁−R₂is the shift register
It is stored in the star 546. Then shift register
The counter 542 is cleared and the down counter 506
The new contents are stored in shift register 542.
Ru. The second difference number can have positive or negative values.
Therefore, this number is converted to an absolute value by the absolute value converter 548.
converted. Basically, this absolute value converter is a negative
negative value by storing the inverted value of
It is of a known type that converts the value into a positive value. No.
2 difference R^*The absolute value of is the digital low-pass filter 55
0 removes irregular changes in its value, and pulsating changes
can be smoothed. waved second difference
is then converted into an analog signal by the D/A converter 510.
Convert. The rotation unevenness feedback loop shown in Fig. 30 is explained above.
When performing the same function, the D/A converter 51
0 is not required. The analog rotation unevenness feedback loop shown in Figure 30
The configuration is shown in FIG. Figures 32, 34, and 35
Output of uneven rotation sensor 468 as shown
The terminals are manufactured by Motorola, located in Illinois, USA.
(Motorola Corporation)
MC1494 monolithic 4-quadrant multiplier
Integrated circuit multiplication like (4Quadrant Multiplier)
connected to one input terminal of the device. Speed sensor 4
The output terminal of 70 is multiplied via a non-inverting amplifier 552.
It is connected to the other input terminal of the calculator 551. multi
The output terminal of the pliers 551 is connected to the amplifier 553 and the
It consists of a capacitor 554 and a resistor 555.
connected to a current-voltage circuit. amplifier 553
The output terminal is connected to the summing point 557 via a resistor 558.
Continued. The output terminal of amplifier 552 is connected to capacitor 559.
via an amplifier 560 and a capacitor 561 and
Input of differentiator 474 consisting of resistor 562
Connected to the terminal. The differentiated output of amplifier 560
The force is also connected to summing point 557 via resistor 563.
It will be done. Connected between positive and negative current terminals A+ and A-
Reference signal generation potentiometer 564
The slider is connected to the summing point 557 via the resistor 565.
Continued. Symbols A+ and A- and ground symbols are usually
is used in this specification in accordance with the conventions of A+ and
A- indicates a constant potential from a stabilized power source. The output terminal of speed sensor 470 is connected to comparator 566.
Also connected to the positive input terminal. Speed reference potentiometer
The slider of meter 567 is the negative input terminal of comparator 566.
Connected to child. The output terminal of this comparator is current limited.
p channel via limiting resistor 568 and diode 569
It is connected to the gate of channel FET 567'. this
The source of the FET is connected between A+ and A-.
Initial condition resistance to the slider of potentiometer 570
Connected via resistor 571. FET567'
The rain is connected to a second summing point 572. addition
Inverter 573 is connected between points 557 and 572
be done. Addition point 572 connects amplifier 574 and capacitor 57
5 is connected to an integrator 478 consisting of a
The output terminal of amplifier 574 is connected to the output terminal of non-inverting amplifier 576.
Directly connected to the input terminal, and a feedback resistor 577
and the initial condition potentiometer via resistor 571
570 slider. Output of amplifier 574
The power terminal is connected in series between A+ and ground.
Common connection point of potentiometers 579 and 580
578 is also connected. potentiometer 57
9,580 sliders are diodes 581,582
are connected to the summing point 572 via respectively.
The gate of FET567' is one of the warm-up controllers 583
is connected to the output terminal of
Ru. The other output terminal of this controller 583 is the resistor 58
5 to circuit point 557. The warm-up controller 583 has a temperature sensor 586 and a load
Sliding movement of sensor 587 and potentiometer 570
Receive signals from children. Configuration of warm-up controller 583
is shown in FIG. This warm-up controller is a temperature sensor
In response to a signal from 586 indicating a temperature below a predetermined temperature.
Then, the value of the signal at addition point 557 is
Increase output bias signal as a function of temperature
Vb to fuel control computer 466 to engine
Increase fuel supply. The warm-up controller 583
Also in response to the load sensor 587, the bias signal Vb
changes the value of
When the machine is running, it is warmed up with no load.
so that the engine receives more fuel than if
Make it. Next, the operation of the circuit shown in FIG. 36 will be explained. times
The output of the rolling sensor 468 and the speed sensor 470
What is the output amplified by the non-inverting amplifier 552?
The signals are multiplied by a multiplier 551 to produce a current signal.
This current signal is a voltage signal whose value is inversely proportional to its value.
is converted into by amplifier 553. This voltage signal
is reversed by the inverter 556 to prevent uneven rotation.
Normalization of a value that is inversely proportional to the product of the signal and the speed signal
This results in a rotational unevenness signal R(w). This uneven rotation
The signal was generated on the slider of potentiometer 564.
added to the reference signal. Amplifier 553 and input
Gain with converter 556, potentiometer 564
Circuit constants such as the value of the reference signal generated on the slider of
is at a given rotational unevenness level such as the lean limit.
Predetermined value when the uneven rotation signal indicates engine operation
is chosen to give a sum signal with . this
The sum signal is inverted by an inverter 573 and amplified.
A product consisting of a capacitor 574 and a capacitor 575
It is integrated by a divider 478. Output of amplifier 574
The force is a signal indicating the integral value of the sum signal. integrated
The initial condition potentiometer 570 is used for the sum signal.
The initial condition signals generated on the slider are added together.
are amplified by an operational amplifier 576 and biased.
Generates signal Vb. of the input signal to amplifier 574.
The size is the sliding of potentiometers 579 and 580.
diodes 581 connected to the respective terminals;
582. At addition point 572
voltage at the slider of potentiometer 579
When the voltage exceeds the voltage, diode 581 conducts and no signal is transmitted.
Prevent the signal from exceeding a preselected value.
Similarly, the signal at summing point 572 is
If the value is less than that, diode 582 conducts and no signal is transmitted.
maintain the value of the symbol at the preselected value. This is it
The output signal from the electronic control unit is biased.
Drive beyond the limit engine operability by signal Vb
prevent it from happening. During acceleration, the increasing output of amplifier 552
to the input terminal of amplifier 560 via capacitor 559
Given. This amplifier consists of a capacitor 561 and a resistor.
It is combined with resistor 562 to constitute differentiator 474.
Ru. The increasing signal is differentiated and changes in engine speed
The amplifier outputs a signal that decreases with a value proportional to the
560 output terminal. of amplifier 560
The gain is adjusted by resistor 562 and rotates during acceleration.
False rotation generated by rolling sensor 468
Increase in signal received at summing point 557 due to uneven signal
equal to large and with opposite polarity. similarly
Then, the differential circuit detects rotational unevenness sensor 468 during deceleration.
Compensate for spurious rotational irregularity signals caused by
Generates a positive signal. The engine speed signal is
When the speed is below the predetermined speed, the output of the comparator 566 is
lower than the voltage applied to the source of FET 567'
Forward bias the gate of this FET and
of the initial condition potentiometer 570 by making it conductive.
The potential at the slider is added to the summing point 572 and the amplifier 57.
4 input terminal. Input terminal of amplifier 574
A feedback resistor 577 is connected between the output terminal and the output terminal.
This resistor controls the gain of the integrator and the amplifier 576.
A constant bias signal Vb′ is generated at the output terminal of
Ru. This bias signal directs the electronic control unit to its
Operate at the basic calibration voltage Vbc, and during starting the engine
Gives a rich mixture to the The engine starts and
When the speed exceeds the speed, the output of comparator 566 becomes high level.
reverse bias the gate of FET567'
and the slider of the initial condition potentiometer 570.
The application of the potential to the summing point 572 is finished, and the
Open the road. The resistor 577 is thereby connected to the amplifier 5.
Give a feedback signal to 74 to return its gain to normal value.
vinegar. This circuit also prevents uneven engine rotation.
Generates bias signal Vb as a function of engine speed
do. warm-up controller The configuration of the warm-up controller 583 is shown in FIG. negative
The load sensor 587 is a gear for an automatic transmission of a normal automobile.
of the switch that is combined with the switch lever.
A switch 588 is shown. this
The switch is connected to its parking (P) contact point and neutral
(N) Receives B+ potential at the contact. Drive (D),
Reverse (R), 1st gear (1st), 2nd gear (2nd) etc.
All other contacts must be floating or grounded.
You can B+ symbol is battery or engine
Positive potential from an unregulated power source such as a drive generator
show. The movable contact of this switch 588 is a resistor 59
0 and the differential amplifier 589 via the capacitor 591
Connected to the positive input terminal of Resistor 590 and condenser
The connection point with sensor 591 is grounded via resistor 592.
be done. The positive input terminal of the differential amplifier 589 is connected in parallel.
via a resistor 595 and a diode 596 which are connected to each other.
It is also connected to the A+ terminal. Negative of amplifier 589
The input terminal is connected in series between the A+ terminal and ground.
The midpoint of the voltage divider consisting of resistors 593 and 594
connected to. The output terminal of the differential amplifier 589 is separate.
When connected directly to the positive input terminal of the differential amplifier 597,
Both are connected to the A+ terminal via a resistor 598.
Ru. The negative input terminal of amplifier 597 is connected to the A+ terminal and ground.
voltage dividing resistors 599 and 6 connected in series between
00 common connection point. This amplifier 59
The output terminal of 7 is connected to its positive terminal via a capacitor 601.
The diode 60 is connected to the input terminal.
3 to circuit point 602. This circuit point
602 is connected to the A+ terminal via resistor 604.
and directly to the collector of transistor 605.
tied. The base of transistor A605 is initially
Sliding condition potentiometer 570 (Figure 36)
connected to the resistor 606 through the resistor 606, and
It is connected to the A- terminal via resistor 607. Tran
The emitter of resistor 605 is directly connected to the A- terminal.
Ru. The movable contact of switch 588 is a third differential amplifier.
Also connected to the negative input terminal of 608 via resistor 609
be done. The positive input terminal of this amplifier is connected to the A+ terminal.
voltage dividing resistor 61 connected in series between
It is connected to the common connection point of 0 and 611, and the output terminal is
Directly connected to the negative input terminal of the fourth differential amplifier 615
is connected to the A+ terminal via the resistor 612, and the resistor
Connect to the A- terminal via resistors 613 and 614 in series.
be done. The positive input terminal of the amplifier 615 is connected to the A+ terminal.
A voltage divider resistor 617 connected in series between the ground
and 618, and the output terminal is a resistor.
resistor 619 to the A+ terminal, and series resistor 6
20 and 621 to the A- terminal. The output terminal of the temperature sensor 586 is connected to the differential amplifier 62.
Connected to the negative input terminal of 2,623 via a resistor 624.
Continued. connected in series between terminals A+ and A-
The common connection of the temperature reference voltage dividing resistors 625 and 626
The connection point is a differential amplifier 622,
It is connected to the negative input terminal of 623. Differential amplifier 6
The positive input terminals of 22 and 623 are grounded. amplifier
The output terminal of 622 is connected to amplifier 6 via resistor 629.
It is connected to the negative input terminal of 28. of amplifier 622
Feedback connected between the output terminal and the negative input terminal
Resistor 630 controls the gain of this amplifier. amplification
The positive input terminal of the device 628 is grounded, and the output terminal is
Connected to the source of FET631 via resistor 632
and its negative voltage via the feedback resistor 633.
Connected to input terminal. The gate of FET631 is
Diode 6 to the common connection point of resistors 631 and 614
34. Output of differential amplifier 623
The terminal is connected to the source of FET 636. Between the output terminal and negative input terminal of differential amplifier 623
A feedback resistor 635 is connected to. FET636
The gate is connected to the common connection point of resistors 620 and 621.
Connected by anode 637. FET631,
The gate of 636 is connected to summing point 557. difference
Positive input of dynamic amplifiers 589, 601, 608, 615
The value of the signal applied to the input terminal is applied to the negative input terminal.
when their output is greater than the value of the signal
Their differential increase is indicative of an open circuit.
A width regulator has a collector that is not committed to the output circuit.
This is the kind of thing that does. The polarity of the input potential is reversed
and the outputs of those amplifiers represent ground potential. Next, the operation of the warm-up controller shown in Fig. 37 will be explained.
Ru. The gear lever is in park or neutral position
At some times, switch 588 differentially connects the positive B+ potential to
to the negative input terminal of the amplifier 608, and its output terminal
Generates a signal indicating ground potential at the terminal. Besides that
In order to
This negative potential is applied to circuit point 557 (Figure 36).
Given. At the same time, the differential amplifier 615
Since the output is not committed, resistors 620 and 6
The potential at the common connection point with 21 is positive;
The potential of diode 63 to the base of FET 636
Turn off this FET given through
The signal generated at the output terminal of the differential amplifier 623
block the issue. The gear change lever is in reverse (R), driving (D),
The engine is placed in the 1st and 2nd gear positions.
The switch indicates that the load is being applied to the
The movable contact of switch 588 is connected through resistors 590 and 592.
becomes the ground potential, and that ground potential is differentially amplified.
input to the negative input terminal of the device 608 and output its output.
The common connection point of resistors 612 and 613
Give a positive potential to Negative input terminal of differential amplifier 615
This positive potential applied to the resistors 617 and 61
8 to the positive input terminal of the amplifier.
The level is higher than the received input. For that reason,
The output of the width converter 615 becomes the ground potential. differential amplification
When the outputs of devices 608 and 615 are inverted, FET6
Since the conductivity of 31,636 is also reversed, FET6
36 becomes conductive and FET631 becomes non-conductive.
It becomes a state. At the same time, from the movable contact of switch 588
When the B+ signal disappears, capacitor 591 is discharged.
and therefore the positive input terminal of the differential amplifier 589
Temporarily holding a child from its negative input terminal makes it negative.
Ru. The output of this amplifier is then at ground potential.
This earth potential discharges the capacitor 601.
and send a negative signal to the positive input terminal of the differential amplifier 597.
Therefore, its output is at ground potential. this
The ground potential is given to the gate of FET631.
This FET is made conductive and the output of the differential amplifier 628 is
Apply the signal to the gate of FET567' (Figure 36)
to turn on this FET. mentioned above
As shown, when this FET567' is turned on,
Initial condition present on slider of potentiometer 570
The potential to be applied to the summing point 572 is applied to the feedback resistor 577.
are connected in parallel to amplifier 574. in this state
is the output of this closed-loop engine rotational unevenness control device
The signal takes on the value Vi′. This output signal is
When given to the computer 466, it is supplied to the engine.
Increase the amount of fuel supplied. Fill resistor 598
The capacitor 601 is connected to the resistor 599.
600 to the negative of the differential amplifier 597.
Apply a potential higher than the value of the signal applied to the input terminal.
The ground signal increases differentially until it is applied to the positive input terminal of the
It is generated by width scaler 597. The time the output of this amplifier remains at ground potential is resistance.
resistor 598 and capacitor 601 and its negative output terminal
Determined by the value of the signal given to the child. fruit
In a practical application, the output signal of the differential amplifier 597 is 1
of them so as to hold earth potential for only ~2 seconds.
Circuit component values are selected. This part of this circuit
The function of
Supply the mixture immediately, then wait a little while.
Prevent the engine from stopping. Next, return to the warm-up part of the circuit in Figure 37 and check the temperature
The reference signals from the reference voltage dividers 625 and 626 are
It is a negative value with respect to This reference signal is
When the gin reaches a predetermined temperature, the temperature sensor 586
The magnitude is equal to the signal generated by the
It's the opposite. This predetermined temperature is normal for engine operation.
It is usually selected within a temperature range. this place
For engine temperatures below constant temperature, differential amplification
Japanese signals given to the input terminals of the devices 622 and 623
is negative with respect to ground, and its value is the actual error
proportional to the difference between the engine temperature and the predetermined temperature. Also,
When the engine temperature is higher than this predetermined temperature,
The recorded sum signal is positive with respect to ground, and its value is
It is proportional to the difference between the actual engine temperature and the predetermined temperature.
This sum signal is amplified and
be reversed. Two differential amplifiers 622 and 62
The value of the signal generated at the output terminal of 3 is the value of the sum signal,
Determined by the resistance values of feedback resistors 630 and 635.
It will be done. The output of the differential amplifier 623 is connected to the FET 636.
is applied to the addition point 557 (FIG. 36) through the difference
The output of the dynamic amplifier 622 is fed to a differential amplifier 628.
It will be done. The gain of this differential amplifier is the feedback resistor 633
controlled by. The output of amplifier 628 is a resistor
632 and FET631 to add point 557.
available. As mentioned above, the gear change lever is in the parking position.
When the switch is in the neutral position,
The movable contact of switch 588 is at ground potential.
This ground potential turns on FET631,
Turn off FET636. Therefore,
When the engine temperature is below the reference temperature, the differential amplifier 6
The output signal of 23 is blocked by FET 636.
However, if applied to the input terminal of the differential amplifier 622,
The negative sum signal is amplified to the output differential amplifier 628.
given. This signal is a closed loop engine rotation
It is applied to the summing point 557 of the unevenness controller. this negative
The signal indicates an engine receiving a rich mixture.
, the value of the summation signal at summing point 557 is decreased.
let To that end, the generated bias signal Vb
The value of is decreased. As a result, Figure 38
Transistor 674, as described with reference to
The current absorption due to capacitors 650, 65 is reduced.
1 (Figure 38) because the charging speed increases.
The length of the fuel injection pulse is shortened. However,
Therefore, this circuit will turn off the engine when no load is applied.
operates to reduce the amount of fuel supplied to the
do. Conversely, increasing the load on the engine
The gear change lever has been moved to the operating position shown.
At this time, the output signals of the differential amplifiers 608 and 615 are reversed.
Since FET631 is turned off,
FET 636 is turned on. When FET636 is in the on state, the differential
The positive output of amplifier 623 is connected to the negative output at its input terminal.
is sent to the addition point 557 according to the sum signal of
becomes larger. This means that the engine has a lean mixture.
Show that you care. Then the bias
The value of signal Vb increases and is absorbed by FET674.
Fuel injection signal generated by increasing the current absorbed
increase the length of the engine and reduce the amount of fuel supplied to the engine.
Increase quantity. Therefore, the engine
As the load increases, the actual engine temperature
When the temperature is lower than the reference temperature, the reference temperature and the actual engine
is supplied to the engine in proportion to the difference between the engine temperature and the engine temperature.
The amount of fuel is increased. Does the engine temperature ever exceed the reference temperature?
The signal given from the warm-up controller to the addition point 557
The polarity of the numbers may be reversed. But the criteria
Temperatures have small magnitudes of their inverted signals
selected as follows. This possible pole of the received signal
Proper adjustment of potentiometer 564
Adapted to a closed-loop engine rotational irregularity controller.
Compensation can be made so that Of the circuits shown in Figure 37, the gear switching lever
- has the value Vb' when it is moved into the drive gear
Closed-loop engine rotation unevenness controller with bias signal
The circuit part that enables the generation of
) indicates opening of the throttle from the closed position.
can be modified to respond to signals. Throttle
When operated in this way, the fuel supply plan becomes
The system is moved from the idle state to the operating state. So
Renovations like this are shown in the area 63 surrounded by the broken line in Figure 37.
8. In this modification, the throttle
Installed switch or intake manifold
A pressure responsive switch in the board connects B+ through resistor 640.
and is applied to one terminal of capacitor 642.
Ru. Common connection between capacitor 642 and resistor 640
The point is grounded by a resistor 641. capacitor 6
The other terminal of 42 is connected to a resistor 644 and a diode in parallel.
The positive input terminal of the differential amplifier 589 via the
connected to. The operation of this additional circuit is as follows. Slots
when the torque is in the closed position or idling position.
When the switch 639 is closed, the capacitor 6
B+ is applied to one terminal of 42. slot
When the wheel is moved from the idle position, switch 6
39 is open and capacitor 642 passes through resistor 641.
is discharged to ground. This discharge causes a difference
The voltage at the positive input terminal of dynamic amplifier 589 drops.
and bring its output to ground potential. About this
gear change from neutral to drive position
I explained earlier in relation to The next action is
Same as explained. Then, if this additional circuit is included
is either capacitor 642 or 591.
The discharge current from this is connected to the positive input of the differential amplifier 589.
If the potential at the terminal is applied to its negative input terminal
resistor with a voltage drop sufficient to bring it below the potential
The current generated between the terminals of 595 is connected to the resistor 595.
These capacitors 642,
After capacitor 642 to isolate 591
Parallel connection such as diode 643 and resistor 644 to
Must include a connected diode and capacitor.
Must be. Using a pressure responsive switch in the intake manifold
time, a second switch responds to engine speed.
to make this circuit responsive to deceleration conditions.
It is necessary to prevent this from happening. This technical
Thoughts are combined into a throttle switch for the same purpose.
They can also be used together. The rotation unevenness sensor and the third
The uneven rotation feedback loop shown in Figure 6 is
The kind disclosed in National Patent No. 3734068
fuel control computer i.e. electronic fuel control
A circuit combined with the device 466 is shown in FIG. child
The circuit shown as B+ at various points on the circuit diagram.
Power is supplied from a regulated power supply. This electric
The source is the battery normally attached to the internal combustion engine, or the
It can be used as an engine driving power source like a current generator.
Wear. Electronic fuel controller 466 connects two condensers.
It has sensors 650 and 651. these capacitors
650 and 651 are the switching circuit network 647.
Under control, by a pair of current sources 645, 646
They can be charged alternately. Switching circuit network 64
7 is a trigger signal synchronized with engine rotation.
input terminal 64 from a timing circuit (not shown)
Received at 8,649. The pulse generation circuit is a discharge circuit
652 and a comparison circuit 653. Discharge circuit 6
The timing circuit is input to the input terminals 655 and 656 of 52.
A timing signal is given from the comparator circuit 65.
3 generates a signal indicating the pressure in the intake manifold.
A load sensor 65 such as a signal from a pressure sensor
Receives the load signal from 3'. The comparison circuit 653
Generates an output pulse signal. Duration of this signal
indicates the fuel requirement of the engine, and the condenser
The voltage between the terminals of sensors 650 and 651 and the value of the pressure signal
respond to. This output pulse signal is the electronic vaporizer
or operate one or more fuel injectors.
The calculated amount of fuel is supplied to the engine. Next, referring to Figures 38 and 39, the fuel control controller
The operation of the computer 466 will be explained. Current source 645
is when capacitors 650 and 651 are placed at a given charging rate.
It is a constant current source that can charge up to a fixed value. Current source 64
6 also connects capacitors 650 and 651 to current source 645.
a given charging rate up to a value sufficiently higher than the given value.
A constant current source that generates a constant current output signal to charge the
be. Trigger signal TR in the form of two alternating square waves
1.TR2 is the input terminal of the switching circuit network 647
current source 6
of capacitor 650,651 by 45,646
Control sequential charging. If signal TR1 is positive, the signal
capacitor while TR2 is negative or at ground potential.
The sensors 651 and 650 are connected by current sources 645 and 646.
Each is charged. The polarity of the trigger signal is reversed.
, each of these two capacitors has a different
Charged by a current source. The input terminals 655 and 656 of the discharge circuit 652 are
The leading edge of the resulting trigger pulses TR1 and TR2 is
One-shot multivibrator-like delay
Activate the pulse generator 654 to generate a trigger pulse.
has a predetermined pulse width that is significantly shorter than the pulse width
A delayed pulse p is generated. This positive delay pulse
Positive trigger on input terminal 656 coincident with signal p
The signal is applied to the base of transistor 657.
This transistor is
The transistor 658 is made conductive. Tran
register 658 is set during the duration of the delay pulse.
Discharge capacitor 651 to near ground potential.
Ru. When the delayed pulse runs out, the delayed pulse generator
The output terminal of 654 becomes ground potential again, and this
The ground potential is transferred via diode 659.
It is applied to the base of star 657. For that purpose,
transistor is turned off, which causes the transistor to turn off.
Since resistor 658 is also turned off, capacitor 6
51 is charged to a predetermined value by the current source 645.
It will be done. When the polarity of trigger signals TR1 and TR2 changes,
A positive potential is applied to the terminal 655 and the transistor 6
Since 60 and 661 are forward biased, capacitor 6
50 is when capacitor 650 is discharged.
Similarly, the discharge occurs through transistor 661.
be given The switching circuit 647 also receives a trigger signal.
Since the state changes according to the polarity reversal of the signal, the
The sensors 650 and 651 are connected to current sources 645 and 646.
Each is charged. The load signal applied to the comparator circuit 653 is
Forward biasing transistor 666, this transistor
forward biases transistor 669. Tran
When the register 669 turns on, the output terminal 670
A positive potential is applied to. This output terminal 670 is
Partial voltage between the collector of transistor 669 and ground
A common connection point between resistors 670 and 668 forming a
connected to. Transistor 666 turns on
Then, the emitter of transistor 665 becomes the pressure sensor.
approximately equal to the value of the load signal received from sensor 653'.
biased to a high potential. capacitor 650,
The charging signal at 651 is connected to the diode 663,6
64 respectively to the base of transistor 665.
given to Ends of capacitors 650, 651
When the voltage between the terminals is lower than the value of the pressure signal, the transistor
Star 665 is turned off. However, Conde
Either one or both of sensors 650 and 651
When the voltage across the terminals is higher than the value of the pressure signal, the transformer
Register 665 is turned on. When transistor 665 is turned on, the transistor
The value of the potential appearing at the emitter of star 666 is
When the value of the pressure signal applied to the base is exceeded, the
Transistor 666 is turned off. do that
and transistor 669 is turned off, and
Therefore, the potential of the output terminal 670 becomes the ground potential.
Terminates the output signal. A series of trigger pulses TR1, TR2 and delay pulses
Between the terminals of capacitors 650 and 651 depending on sp.
FIG. 39 shows the waveform of the voltage generated. In this diagram
A series of progressively shorter trigger signals shown
The period of the trigger signal as a function of engine speed
This is an exaggerated example of pulse width variation. here
Refer to the inter-terminal voltage waveform diagram of the capacitor 651.
The first section from A to B is when signal TR1 is positive.
The delay pulse generation circuit 654
generates a delay pulse p that discharges the sensor 651.
Ru. When this delayed pulse p disappears (point B), the
capacitor 651 is determined by current source 645
At the charging rate, start charging to a predetermined value indicated by point C.
start Remaining time of positive part of trigger signal TR1
, the voltage between the terminals of capacitor 651 is a predetermined value.
keep. At point D, trigger signals TR1 and TR2 have polarity.
is reversed and during the period when trigger pulse TR2 is positive
Capacitor 65 during the period from equal point D to E
1 will be charged from current source 646. Between the terminals of either capacitor 650, 651
A voltage is applied to the emitter of transistor 665.
When the value of the signal is reached (point F), output terminal 6
The signal 70 is at ground potential. A trigger signal is generated.
When the battery was born, it was charged by the current source 646.
The capacitor is almost grounded by the discharge circuit 652.
discharged by the current source 645.
The voltage between the terminals of the capacitor is the voltage between the terminals of the transistor 665.
Lower than the value of the signal given to the emitter. child
This indicates the value of the pressure signal. both capacitor ends
The voltage between the terminals is lower than the pressure signal value, so the transistor
665 is turned off. For that reason
The resistors 666 and 669 are turned on, and the resistance
Determined by the respective resistance values of 667 and 668.
generates a positive signal at output terminal 670 having a value of
Ru. The signal present at output terminal 670 is connected to current source 6
The voltage between the terminals of the capacitor being charged by 46
Maintains positive polarity until the pressure exceeds the value of the pressure signal. Ko
If the voltage between the capacitor terminals exceeds the pressure signal value,
(Point F on section DE), transistors 666, 66
9 is turned off and the signal at output terminal 670 is turned off.
The number returns to ground potential. At the output terminal 670
The time the signal is positive depends on engine speed and intake manifold.
Engine fuel as a function of pressure in the hold
Indicate the required amount. Referring again to FIG. 38, rotation unevenness sensor 64
8 (Figure 32) and closed loop engine rotation unevenness control
The circuit 671 (FIG. 36) will be explained. rotate
The unevenness sensor 468 responds to the reference signal θr and tooth signal θt.
A rotation unevenness signal R is generated. Speed sensor 470
(Fig. 32) generates a signal w indicating engine speed.
do. This signal is used in a closed loop together with the rotational unevenness signal R.
The output signal is applied to the engine rotation unevenness controller 671.
Signals from temperature sensor 586 and load sensor 587
However, the low-temperature engine disabling of the uneven rotation loop is incorporated.
to the input terminal of the rotational unevenness controller 671 when
Given. The rotation unevenness controller 671 uses a bias signal.
No. Vb is connected to the differential amplifier 67 via the limiting resistor 673
2 positive input terminal. The output of amplifier 672 is
The base of transistor 674 is connected through limiting resistor 676.
given to the collector of this transistor
is the collector of transistor 678 of current source 646
connected to. The emitter of transistor 674 is
Grounded via a limiting resistor 680. transis
The connection point between the emitter of the resistor 674 and the resistor 680 is different.
It is connected to the negative input terminal of dynamic amplifier 672. Bias signals for electronic fuel control circuit operation
The effects of this issue are as follows. transistor 674
and resistor 680 are the collector of transistor 678.
The voltage generated by current source 646, which is the output from
It functions as a current absorber that absorbs a portion of the current.
The electronic fuel control unit is powered by current source 646.
From the generated current, the transistor 674 and the resistor
Absorbed by a current absorber consisting of 680
minus the predetermined current applied to the capacitor.
Charge the batteries 650 and 651 at the specified charging rate.
Calibrated to At the calibration point, the electronic fuel control unit
is a function of engine speed and engine load.
A pulse signal having a certain pulse width is output from the terminal 67.
Occurs at 0. Current absorbed by current absorber
The magnitude of is given to the positive input terminal of the differential amplifier 672.
is a function of the bias signal Vb. differential amplification
transistor 674 and resistor 480
forms a voltage tracking circuit. With this voltage tracking circuit
The voltage between the terminals of resistor 680 is the positive input of the differential amplifier.
It is proportional to the value of the bias signal Vb applied to the terminal.
Ru. The current absorbed by this circuit is resistor 680
Since the current flows through the resistor 680, the resistance value of the resistor 680 is
It is inversely proportional to the voltage across the terminals of resistor 680.
Ru. The gain of this circuit and the resistance value of resistor 680 are
As explained with reference to Figure 36, the bias signal
A predetermined current is absorbed when the potential of Vb is the calibration value Vbc.
selected to be This calibration bias signal
Vbc indicates that the engine is operating at the desired mixture ratio
is generated by the closed-loop engine rotational unevenness controller.
has a larger value than the generated bias signal. Electronic fuel control unit for bias signal Vb
See Figures 38, 40, and 41 for the response of
and explain. First, refer to FIG. 40. This diagram
is the output current Io of the current source 646 and the absorption current Is.
Relative changes and charging capacitors 650, 651
The relative change in the charging current Ic and the bias signal
It is shown as a function of the number Vb. The output current Io of current source 646 is constant and
is varied by the bias signal as shown by Io.
The absorbed current Is flows through the resistor 680.
is a current that varies as a function of Vb. this
may be a linear function of Vb, or it may be a linear function of Vb, or it may be a differential amplifier 6
72 and the gain nonlinearity of transistor 674.
It is also a nonlinear function of Vb. capacitor
The current Ic charging 650 and 651 is the difference Ic = Io - Is
As shown in the figure, it changes as an inverse function of Vb.
Calibration when the engine is operating at its lean limit
Relative relationship between bias signal Vbc and bias signal Vb′
The values are as shown. Bias signal is calibrated value
When having Vbc, connect capacitors 650 and 651.
The charging current Ic operates at the lean limit operation Vb′.
Charge two capacitors 650 and 651 when
is smaller than the current Ic. Therefore, condensate
The sensors 650 and 651 have a bias signal Vb of a value Vbc.
When the value of Vb is Vb′, the battery is charged.
The battery is charged at a slower rate than the current rate. Next, the voltage between the terminals of capacitors 650 and 651
See Figure 41 where is shown as a function of time.
do. As mentioned above, it is designated as TR1.
During the first period between the trigger signals, the intervals A,
Values dependent on speed indicated by B and C
The current source 645 charges the battery up to the current level. engine speed
As the temperature increases, the time between trigger pulses becomes shorter.
Therefore, the value of the voltage between the terminals of the capacitor depends on the engine speed.
Varies as a function of degree. For explanation, Conde
The voltage across the terminals of the sensor has a value shown in section C.
Assume that Trigger signal TR1 disappears
, the switching circuitry 647 changes state and
After , the capacitor is charged by the current Ic. child
The current Ic of the transistor 678 of the current source 646 is
The absorption current Is flowing through the resistor 680 from the output current Io is
This is after deducting it. Bias current value is Vbc
When , the capacitor is at the rate indicated by the dashed line section D.
will be charged. The end of signal TR1 and the end of signal TR2
At the same time as the start, other capacitors are discharged
Reverse bias transistor 665 of comparator 653
do. For this purpose, transistors 666 and 669 are
Forward bias. For this purpose, the output terminal 670 is
A loose signal begins to be generated. The capacitor
up to a value equal to the value of the load signal from sensor 653'.
Until charged by current Ic, transistor 6
65 remains reverse biased. capacitor
When charged to that value, transistor 665
is again forward biased and transistors 666,6
69 is reverse biased and appears at the output terminal 670.
Terminate the signal. As a result, a current is generated at terminal 670.
The duration of the slip fuel injection pulse is T₁becomes. As mentioned above, operating at the desired mixing ratio
The uneven rotation level is lower than the uneven rotation level of the engine.
Calibrate bias so that the engine runs at bell
Signal Vbc produces a rich mixture. rotation unevenness sensor
The value of the rotational unevenness signal generated by 468 is small.
and decrease the value of bias signal Vb. Besides that
Therefore, the charging current Ic increases as shown in Figure 40.
This causes the capacitor to charge more quickly.
Ru. When the engine is running with the desired mixture
The value of the bias signal is Vb′ and the capacitor charging
The electric current is Ic' which is larger than Ibc. I want to
Therefore, the capacitor is as shown by the solid line D′.
Charges more quickly to a value equal to or equal to the value of the load signal.
reached in a shorter time. Therefore, output terminal 6
The duration T of the pulse signal occurring at 70₂is time T₁
It becomes shorter by △T. The engine speeds up due to a mixture leaner than the specified value.
If the rolling irregularity becomes large, the rotational irregularity sensor will issue an alarm.
The value of the generated rotational unevenness signal and the bias signal Vb
As the value increases, the capacitor charging current decreases.
That is clear. When the charging current decreases, the electron
Pulse width of the output pulse signal of the fuel control unit
becomes wider, increasing the amount of fuel supplied to the engine.
Add. Conversely, if the mixture is richer than the specified value,
As a result of the supply of
As the bias signal decreases, the value of the bias signal decreases and the controller
Increase capacitor charging current. For that purpose electronic
The duration of the fuel control unit output signal is shortened.
As a result, the amount of fuel supplied to the engine decreases.
Ru. This output signal is an electrically actuated fuel
For direct actuation of injection valves or carburetor type
Used to control fuel supply in fuel supply mechanism
can. This closed-loop engine rotational unevenness controller is a spark point
Not only for internal combustion engines but also for diesel engines.
Can be used. Also, this closed loop engine rotates
The controller can be used for electronic fuel of the types described above.
It is not limited to use in control equipment;
Can also be used for other types of fuel control devices
You should be careful. Also, in the above explanation, this closure
The loop engine rotation unevenness controller has an analog format and
However, in digital format, i.e. microcomputer
the form of a programmed computer such as a computer
You will see that it can be made concrete. Closed loop fuel distribution controller Closed-loop fuel distribution control system is used in multi-cylinder engines.
Torque output from each cylinder is nearly identical
Adjust the amount of fuel supplied to each cylinder.
Arrange. This closed-loop device uses multi-point fuel injection
Although it is mainly targeted at electronically controlled
single-point fuel injection system as well as carburetor
It can be similarly applied to. In multi-point fuel injection system,
Fuel is supplied by electrically operated fuel injectors.
fuel is supplied to each cylinder or group of cylinders.
be done. of valve orifices and other valve elements.
Due to mechanical tolerances on dimensions, given
The amount of fuel supplied depending on the signal differs from valve to valve.
Become. Therefore, the mixture is controlled by the cylinder.
Output torque of each cylinder due to different mixing ratio
will change. Maximum power efficiency of the engine
is a mixture fed into one or more cylinders
If the mixture is too lean, it will be low, and if the mixture is too rich.
Fuel consumption efficiency decreases when Same thing as this
and for other reasons known to those skilled in the art.
In addition to devices that use fuel injection devices, single-point fuel injection
It is also experienced in equipment. For example, the intake manifold
geometry structure or fuel distribution within the intake manifold
Depending on the
Different things can happen. Closed-loop fuel of the present invention
The charge distribution control device has no differences in the cylinder itself.
Of course, it automatically compensates for those differences and
The torque produced by the cylinders is approximately the same.
Fuel supplied to individual cylinders as
Correct the amount of. Therefore, the closed loop of the present invention
The device differs between the injection valves and the cylinder itself.
Individual cylinders due to mechanical tolerances or construction
can adaptively compensate for uneven distribution of fuel to
Ru. This device allows you to shake the mechanical tolerances of various parts.
This can significantly reduce costs and reduce energy consumption.
can improve the overall performance and efficiency of the engine.
can. The combustion of the air-fuel mixture then causes combustion within the individual cylinders.
See Figure 42, which shows the contour of the pressure created by
illuminate The amplitude or magnitude M of this pressure is the combustion
Indicates the torque generated during the process. This M becomes larger
and a larger torque is generated. This way you get
The phase angle φ of the pressure sine wave
ignition timing circuit and closed-loop injection timing
circuit and at least one of the
It's the same. This phase angle φ is a sinusoidal pressure.
indicates the effective torque when the period is detected.
When optimum torque is generated under various operating conditions
The phase angle φ takes a predetermined value. into individual cylinders
The torque pulsating wave generated by the engine is smaller than the optimum value.
When the phase angle φ is larger than or smaller than the predetermined value,
It's a big deal. Effective torque can be calculated using the following formula. T=f₁(φ)f₂(M)f₃(RPM)K Here, T = effective torque output f₁(φ) = function of phase angle φ f₂(M) = function of periodic wave amplitude M f₃(RPM) = function of engine RPM K = constant It is. The torque of the remaining cylinders is averaged according to the formula:
Obtained by calculating torque Tavg. Tavg=_l 〓ⁿ Tn/n=_l 〓ⁿ [K.f.₁(φn)・f₂
(Mn)・f₃(RPM)]/n Here, n is the number of cylinders. Figure 43 shows the engine 20 and the fuel control computer.
controller 466 and closed loop fuel distribution controller 680
682 and the selector switch 682.
This is a diagram. Computer 466 is an operator
commands, engine operating conditions, and surrounding parameters.
A signal is generated depending on the data. Those signals
combustible mixture is supplied to the engine. Enji
Engine 20 is a spark ignition engine or diesel engine.
It can be any engine, and the fuel of the supplied air-fuel mixture.
Rotating torque is generated on the output side by firing. This out
Here, the force side is assumed to be the crankshaft. In Figure 9
Crankshaft speed such as sensor 38 shown
A signal from the sensor that indicates the instantaneous rotational speed of the crankshaft w
and generate the θ reference signal shown in Figure 9.
A reference signal generator such as a
It generates a signal θr when it is at the position. third sen
A sensor (not shown) is used for each operating cycle of the engine.
That is, the cylinder identification signal is sent once every two revolutions).
No. θ_CISoccurs. This signal is used at the end of the operating cycle.
to identify a particular cylinder at a given point.
Ru. signal θ_CISis attached to the power distributor and camshaft.
can be obtained from markers or other signal sources.
Wear. Signal θr, θ_CIS, w is closed-loop fuel distribution control
680. This control measures the measured
Modified values for individual cylinders based on
Calculate the number. These correction signals are
Given to Tutsi 682. This switch is fuel-dependent.
The correction signal provided to the control computer 466 is
Select in a fixed order. The correction signal for each cylinder is
Fuel control of the amount of fuel supplied to a specific cylinder
given in accordance with the cycle that the computer calculates.
It will be done. Generated by fuel control computer 466
Each refueling signal received is subject to the correction signal received.
Torque pulsation between individual cylinders has been corrected by
Minimize the wave difference. Closed loop fuel distribution controller 6
The details of 80 are shown in block diagram form in FIG. signal
θr and θt detect the teeth of the toothed wheel 58, 144
Generated by magnetic pickup 54,146
Depending on the output signal, the output terminal of the amplifier 60, 148
occurs in each child. Output terminal of amplifier 148
The children are a period counter 150 and a period register 152.
and the function generator 154, and the amplifier 60
The output terminals of function generator 154 and decoder 704
connected to. The output terminal of the oscillator 151 has a periodic frequency.
It is also connected to the input terminal of counter 150, and this counter
The output terminal of the printer is the input terminal of the period register 152.
The output terminal of this register is connected to the adder circuit.
684 and the inputs of the addition/subtraction circuits 156 and 158.
connected to the power terminal. Output end of function generator 154
The child is another input terminal of the addition/subtraction circuits 156 and 158.
It is also connected to children. Addition/subtraction circuit 156, 15
The output terminals of 8 are sine register 160 and cosine register
162, respectively. Canada
The output terminal of the calculation circuit 684 is the RPM register 686.
connected to the input terminal of RPM register 686
The output of is f₃(RPM) Address ROM688.
The output terminal of this ROM is one input of multiplier 690.
connected to the power terminal. Sine register 160 and cosine
The output terminal with register 162 is f₁(φ) Generator 6
92 and f₂(M) Connect to input terminal of generator 694
be done. f₁(φ) Generator 692 and f₂(M) Generator 6
The output of 94 is the input of multiplier 690 along with the constant K.
It is also given to the power terminal. Output terminal of multiplier 690
is the output of the torque averaging circuit 696 and the subtraction circuit 698.
connected to the power terminal. Output of torque averaging circuit 696
The output terminal is also connected to the input terminal of the subtraction circuit 698.
Ru. The output terminal of the subtraction circuit is one of the comparators 700.
Connected to input terminal. Output terminal of comparator 700
is connected to fuel correction accumulation circuit 702, which circuit
702 has multiple accumulators. Each accumulator
Compatible with Linder. The decoder 704 receives the signal θr.
θ_CISreceive. The multiple outputs of decoder 704
is applied to charge correction accumulation circuit 702 and sequentially passes through each accumulator.
Activate it next time. The parallel output terminal of circuit 702 is
682. This switch
The contents of each accumulator are stored in the fuel control computer 466.
give to Signals θr and θt are shown in Figures 15, 20, 21, and 22.
Closed Loop Ignition Timing Controllers Referenced and Described
sine register 160 and cosine register 160 as in
Asinφ of the phase angle φ stored in the star 162 and
Used to generate Fourier coefficients from Acosφ
It will be done. f₁(φ) generator 692 is shown in FIG.
comparator 164, divider 166, arctangent
It includes a ROM 168 and a cotangent correction circuit 170. signal
f₁(φ) is the shift register 358 (Fig. 23).
taken out from the output terminal. f₂(M) Generator 694 is a sine register and a cosine register.
The absolute value of the contents of the register |A|, |B|, and 0.6875
a third number having a value equal to (|A|+|B|)
and calculate the signal f that is larger than the three calculated values.₂
(M) is generated. This reduces the amplitude M to 4% or less.
It can be measured with an error of f₂(M) Generator 694
The details will be explained later with reference to FIG. The contents of the period register 152 are added up sequentially.
and stored in RPM register 686. That's it
The number stored is f₃(RPM) Add ROM688
used for responding. This ROM is an engine
A signal f with a value indicating the speed of₃(RPM)
Ru. signal f₁(φ), f₂(M), f₃(RPM) and K are multipliers
The torque signal is sequentially given to 690. T=f₁(φ)×f₂(M)×f₃(RPM)×K occurs. This torque signal is applied to each cylinder.
is sequentially calculated and given to the torque averaging circuit 696.
It will be done. This circuit has the average value of previous torque measurements
Outputs the signal Tavg. Torque averaging circuit 696
stores a predetermined number of torque signals and then
Expression T_A=_l 〓ⁿ stored according to Tn/n
as a shift register divided by the number of torque signals
If possible, the φ average circuit 1 shown in FIG.
It can be an average circuit such as 72. Tor
The average torque value from the torque average circuit 696 is
At path 698, the value calculated by multiplication circuit 690 is
is subtracted from the calculated torque value to show the difference between the two.
A signal ΔT is generated. This signal △T is the threshold value
When compared, determine whether △T exceeds a predetermined limit.
Determine whether I explained earlier about the closed-loop fuel control system.
The torque developed by the individual cylinders
The pulsating waves differ from cylinder to cylinder, and
Due to the difference in
The pulsating wave of torque generated also differs from cycle to cycle. child
These fluctuations are nominally within the limits that can be determined;
If those limits are not exceeded, fuel distribution compensation is not required.
It is. Fuel distribution compensation moves those limits in the same direction.
When the sound is constantly loud, that is, when the sound is constantly loud.
It is only necessary when it is too large or too small. The threshold signal applied to comparator 700 is the signal
A limit is set for the fluctuation of △T, and the cumulative number of fuel corrections is determined.
An excessive ΔT signal is measured in the accumulator of path 702.
The signal △T is sent to the accumulator corresponding to the cylinder
give. The accumulator to which the signal △T is applied is a cylinder
-Identification signal θ_CISand a decoder 7 that receives the reference signal θr.
It is determined by the output of 04. This decoder output
The force is applied with appropriate accumulation as the signal △T is generated sequentially.
The calculator can be operated sequentially. Successive ΔT signals sent by comparator 700
are added to their respective accumulators. their accumulation
The container stores a number indicating the desired modification. Output of each accumulator
Power is applied to selector switch 682. this
The switch is fed to a particular cylinder
Appropriate correction signals during the time when the amount of fuel is calculated
to the fuel control computer 466. This
In response to the correction signal, the computer
is increased or decreased according to the value of
Generates a fuel injection signal indicating the amount of fuel to be delivered
do. In this way, this closed-loop fuel distribution control
The control circuit controls the amount of fuel delivered to each cylinder.
Adjust individually. Of this circuit, the sine register 160 and the cosine register
The part that generates the data contents of the register 162 and the position
phase signal f₁(φ)
This has already been explained in the explanation of the switching control circuit.
The explanation is omitted here. f₂(M) The configuration of the generator 694 is shown in FIG.
With reference to FIGS. 23 and 45, registers 160 and 1
62 contents to exclusive or gates 708, 710
each is given. To gates 708 and 710
To the Q output terminal of flip-flops 360 and 364
Signals A-SIGN and B-SIGN generated respectively
are also given respectively. exclusive or gate 70
The output terminal of 8,710 is an exclusive OR gate 71
2,720, ANDGATE 714, and NOAH GAME
It consists of a chip 716 and a flip-flop 718.
A first serial adder is connected to the first serial adder. exclusive o
The output terminal of Agate 720 is AND gate 722
connected to the input terminal of Another gate 722
Timing signals 7, 8,
MT45, MT67+TM7, MT01 are given
It will be done. The output terminal of AND gate 722 is exclusive
Agate 724, 732 and AND gate 726
, Noah Gate 728, and Flip Flop 73
connected to a second series adder containing zero. Exclusive
The output terminal of the OR gate 732 is the shift register 7
34 input terminals. This shift register
The parallel output terminal of the motor is Motorola differential 4 channel.
multiplexer, such as the CD4052 type multiplexer.
Connected to the input terminal of lexer 736. This circle
The multiplexer has input signals 7, 8, MT45,
TM7, TM8, MT67, MT7, MT01
receive. The output terminal of this multiplexer 736 is
exclusive or gate 724 and and gate 726
is connected to the input terminal of the NOR gate 728.
Ru. Referring to FIG. 23, the flip of comparator 164
The Q output of flop 290 is input to cosine register 162.
is the absolute value of the contents of sine register 160.
This is a signal that indicates whether the value is greater than the relative value. again
Referring to FIG. 45, flip-flop 290
Q output terminal is one input terminal of AND gate 738
and the input terminal of inverter 742.
The output terminal of the inverter 742 is the AND gate 74
0 and connected to one input terminal of AND gate 7
38,740 other input terminals are exclusive OR gates
Connected to the output terminals of 708 and 710, respectively.
Ru. The output terminals of AND gates 738 and 740 are turned on.
Connected to another input terminal of Agate 744. child
The output terminal of the OR gate is AND gate 746,
Connected to the input terminals of 756 and NOR gate 748.
It will be done. And Gate 746 and Noah Gate 748
Another input terminal is connected to inverter 750.
Output terminals of AND gate 746 and NOR gate 748
The child is connected to the set input terminal of flip-flop 752.
Each is connected to the reset input terminal. and
Gate 746, Noah Gate 748, and Invar
750 and flip-flop 752 are comparison circuits.
Configure. AND gate 754 has signals TM7, MT23,
It receives DG31 and its output terminal is a flip-flop.
752 to the toggle input terminal. This frame
The Q output terminal of the lip-flop is AND gate 75
6 is connected to another input terminal, and the output terminal is an amplifier.
is connected to the input terminal of gate 758 . and
Another input terminal of gate 758 and inverter 750
The input terminal of the shift register 734 is 2^-1bit
where it is connected to the series output terminal. and gate 7
The output terminal of 56,758 is separate from the OR gate 760.
connected to the input terminal of The output of this or gate
The terminal is connected to the input terminal of shift register 762.
It will be done. The parallel output of this shift register is the signal TM
7. Provide to ROM764 according to MT45, DG31
available. The parallel output terminal of ROM764 is shifted
connected to the parallel input terminal of register 766;
The output terminal of the shift register is the signal TM8,
9. Generates 1 bit when responding to DG31. Next, referring to Figures 45 and 46, f₂(M) Occurrence
The operation of the device 694 will be explained. register 160,1
The contents of 62 are code signals A-SIGN and B-SIGN.
Exclusive or gates 708, 710 that receive
are converted into absolute values |A| and |B|, respectively.
Simple inversion in binary form is a commendable operation
The absolute values |A| and |B| are added in the first adder.
and the sum |A|+|B| is the exclusive OR gate
720, and the AND gate 722
is applied to shift register 734 via. period
The second addition between 7 and 8 and MT45
Stored in a calculator. During this same period, the multiplier
736 inputs 0 to exclusive or gate 724
Since it is applied to the terminal, it will shift at the end of this period.
The contents of the register 734 are |A|+|B|
Ru. Multiply during period 7, 8, MT67
Lexer 736 changes the contents of shift register 734 to 2
outputs a signal with a value equal to divided by . child
The signal of is added to |A|+|B| and shifted
It is stored in register 734. This period has ended
Sometimes the contents of shift register 734 are (|A|+
|B|)+(|A|+|B|)/2. period
New shift register between TM7 and MT01
The content is divided by 4 and the exclusive or gate 720 is output.
After being added to the force |A|+|B|, the shift lever is
It is stored in the register 734. When this period ends
The contents of the shift register 734 are (|A|+|
B｜)+[(｜A｜+｜B｜)+(｜A｜+｜B
|)/2]/4 or (|A|+|B|)+(|
A|+|B|)/4+(|A|+|B|)/8
Become. Shift register 734 2^-1Is it a bit place?
The series output taken from (｜A｜+｜B｜) (1/2+1/8+1/16)
=0.6875(|A|+|B|) It is. AND gates 738, 740 and inverter 7
42 and an or gate 744.
are the output terminals of exclusive OR gates 708, 710
The larger of the two absolute values appearing in
Signal received from the output terminal of comparator 164 in Figure 23
and gate 746 and noah gate 74 according to
8 and inverter 750 and flip-flop
The input terminal of the comparator consisting of the pin 752 and the amplifier
Send to gate 756. Period TM7, MT23
In the meantime, the output of the OR gate 744 is sent to the shift register 7.
34-2^-1Compare with output retrieved from bit location
be done. When this period ends, the flip-flop 75
2 is toggled by the DG31 signal and the flip-flop
The Q output of loop 752 is output by OR gate 744.
sine register 160 or cosine register sent by
Absolute value of any of the contents of data 162 |A| or
|B| is 0.6875 obtained from shift register 734
When it is larger than (|A|+|B|),
Open page 756. 0.6875 (|A|+|B|) is |A| or |B
｜When it is larger than the output of flip-flop 752
The force opens AND gate 758. During periods TM7 and MT45 |A|, |B|,
The larger of 0.6875 (|A|+|B|) is
Flip-flop 752 and comparator 164 (23rd
depending on the state of the flip-flop 290 shown in the figure).
is read into the shift register 762. When periods TM7 and MT45 end, signal DG31 is activated.
Add ROM764 by shift register 762
Make it possible to respond. ROM764 is a torque meter
f used in calculation₂(M) value to individual address location
store. Addressed by shift register 762
f stored in a place where₂(M) value is shift lever
temporarily placed in the register 766 for a period TM8,
f according to signal DG31 during TM9₂(M) value is
is output to the multiplier 690 one digit at a time from the location of
It will be done. Details of the multiplier 690 and torque averaging circuit 696
It is shown in FIG. ANDGATE 770, 776 is
Receiving timing signals TM8 and TM9, and game
The ports 768 and 774 are the timing signals 7 and 774, respectively.
Receive TM8 and TM9. ANDGATE 770 is
shift register 766 to f₂(M) Receive data,
AND gate 774 is from shift register 358
f₁(φ) data is also received, and gate 776 is
f₃(RPM) ROM688 to f₃(RPM) data is also accepted.
Let's go. The output terminals of AND gates 768 and 770 are
connected to different input terminals of the OR gate 772;
The output terminals of AND gates 774 and 776 are
are connected to different input terminals of port 778. ora
The output terminals of gates 772 and 778 are AND gates.
790 input terminal. and gate 7
The output terminal of 90 is an exclusive OR gate 792,80
6, and gate 800, and noah gate 802
and a flip-flop 804.
Connected to AND circuit. nand gate 810
Timing signals MT0, TM to different input terminals
7, TM9+7, 8, receive TM9.
The output terminal of NAND gate 810 is AND gate 8
08, and this gate 8
The output terminal of 08 is connected to exclusive OR gate 792 and
Separate input between gate 800 and Noah gate 802
connected to the power terminal. exclusive or gate 806
The output terminal of the adder circuit that appears at the output terminal is shifted
Input terminal of register 812 and AND gate 813
is connected to one input terminal of the . and gate
To other input terminals of 813 are signals TM8, 9,
MT7 is given. Lineup of shift register 812
The column output terminal is the parallel input terminal of multiplexer 826.
connected to the serial output of shift register 812.
The terminal is one input terminal of AND gate 818,
The exclusive OR gate 848 of the subtraction circuit 698 and the
One of the gates 850 and 852
Connected to input terminal. of shift register 812
2¹The output taken from the bit location is an AND gate.
820 to one input terminal. The output terminal of AND gate 813 is a shift register
This shift register is connected to the input terminal of the shift register 816.
The output terminal of the star is another input of the AND gate 768.
Connected to the terminal. A timer signal is input to another input terminal of the AND gate 820.
ringing signal TM7,9+7,8,TM
9 is given, and the invert
A complement signal of this timing signal is provided from the timing signal 824.
available. Output terminal of AND gates 818 and 820
The children are connected to different input terminals of the OR gate 822.
The output terminal of this OR gate is AND gate 8.
Connected to another input terminal of 08. Multiplexer 826, 860, AND gate
828, 830, 838, exclusive or gate 83
4,836,846, Noah Gate 840, Fritz
Pflop 842 and shift register 844 are shown.
Torque averaging circuit 696 (fourth
Figure 4) is configured. The configuration of this torque averaging circuit and
The function is the same as the φ averaging circuit 172 (Fig. 25).
Ru. The shift register 844 of this torque averaging circuit
The output appearing at the output terminal is an exclusive OR gate 8
48,856, AND Gate 850, Noah Gate
852, flip-flop 854, inverter 8
58 is connected to a subtraction circuit 698 composed of 58.
The output terminal of exclusive OR gate 856 is connected to comparator 70.
Connected to one input terminal of 0. Next, referring to FIG. 46, the operation of multiplier 690 will be explained.
Explain. The first action is f₃(RPM) f₂(M)
Multiply product f₂(M)・f₃(RPM).
As mentioned above, the function f₂The number indicating (M) is time
During the switching period TM8 and TM9, the shift register 7
66 are output one digit at a time in reverse order.
Relationships occurring during periods TM8, 9, MT0
number f₂The first digit of (M) is f₃(RPM) data and conjunction
After being manipulated, it is given to the shift register 812.
It will be done. AND gate 820 and or gate 822
shift register 812 that is circulated through
The data entered ahead of is Nand Gate 8
In response to the MT0 signal applied to another input terminal of 10
The negative output of NAND gate 810 generated by
blocked by AND gate 808
be done. When the signal MT0 disappears, the NAND gate
The output of 810 becomes high level and the AND gate 8
08 is opened, output from shift register 766
for the next seven digits, the function f₂(M) and
f₃(RPM) The result of the AND operation with data is exclusive
or gate 792, 806, and gate 80
0, Noah Gate 802 and Flip Flop 8
04, the shift lever is
In addition to the doubled old contents of 812
be done. Double the contents of shift register 812
The operation reads data from a 2-bit location in the shift register.
This is done by taking out the data. Period TM8,
Between TM9 and MT7 (this indicates the final addition)
In this case, the AND gate 813 is opened and the product of series multiplication is performed.
is also stored in shift register 816. f₂(M) and f₃An example of serial multiplication of (RPM) is shown below.
vinegar. In this example f₂(M)=11 or 1011, f₃
(RPM)=9 or 1001.

[Table] The digital number 01100011 is equivalent to 64+32+2+1=99, which is the product of 9×11. During timing intervals 7, 8, and TM9, the contents of shift register 816 are
31, one bit is given at a time from the lowest order and is subjected to an AND operation with the f ₁ (φ) data. Timing interval 7, 8, TM9,
During MT0, the value of NAND gate 810 is low, closing AND gate 808 and preventing the original contents of shift register 812 from cycling, so that the contents of shift register 812 are f after the first addition. ₁ (φ) and the first digit output from shift register 816. After periods 7, 8, TM9, and MT0, the NAND gate 810 is closed, the AND gate 808 is opened, and the doubled data in the shift register 812 is transferred to f ₁ (φ) and the shift register 816
This allows it to be added to the subsequent AND-operated product with the next seven-digit bit from the most significant one stored in . Period 7, 8, TM9
When f 1 has passed, the contents of shift register 812 are multiplied by f ₁
The serial multiplication continues as described above, such that (φ)·f ₂ (M)·f ₃ (RPM). The contents of shift register 812 are input in parallel to multiplexer 826 of torque averaging circuit 696 (Figure 44). The torque averaging circuit 696 is
As described for the φ averaging circuit 172 of FIG. 25, the average torque is calculated according to the formula x(kT)=au(KT)+(1-a)×(kT-T). The constant k may be a constant value or it may vary as a function of engine parameters. The average torque taken out in series from the output terminal of the shift register 816 is subtracted from the calculated torque taken out from the shift register 812 in a subtraction circuit 698 to produce a difference signal ΔT=T-
Gives rise to Tavg. This difference signal is provided to comparator 700. Timing interval 8, 9+
After 7, 8, TM9, shift register 8
12 includes AND gate 818, OR gate 822, AND gate 808, exclusive OR gates 792, 806, AND gate 800, NOR gate 802, and flip-flop 80.
It is circulated through an adder circuit consisting of 4. Comparator 700 and fuel correction accumulator circuit 702 are shown in FIG. The output of the subtraction circuit 698 is sent to the comparator 7.
00 and the input terminals of AND gates 860, 862, 874 and the D input terminal of a D-type flip-flop 870. The threshold value stored in shift register 876 is applied to another input terminal of AND gate 860 and one input terminal of AND gate 864. And gate 860, 862, 8
The output of 64 is provided to another input terminal of OR gate 866. The output terminal of this OR gate is connected to the set input terminal of flip-flop 868. Flip-flops 868 and 870 are toggled during timing intervals MT2, TM7, and TM9. The Q output terminals of flip-flops 868 and 870 are connected to another input terminal of an exclusive-OR gate 872, the output terminal of which gate 872 is connected to another input terminal of an AND gate 874, and the Q output terminal of flip-flop 868 is connected to another input terminal of an AND gate 874. 86
2,864 additional input terminals. The output terminal of the AND gate 874 is the accumulator circuit 8
92-1 to the input terminal of the AND gate 878, and the accumulator circuits 892-2 to 892.
-8 is connected to the input terminal of a similar AND gate. The illustrated circuit assumes that the engine has eight cylinders, so there are eight accumulators in the circuit. That is, there is one accumulator for each cylinder. Another input terminal of AND gate 878 is connected to one input terminal of decoder 896. The output terminal of AND gate 878 is
0,882, an AND gate 884, a NOR gate 886, and a flip-flop 888. The output of this adder circuit, appearing at the output terminal of exclusive-OR gate 882, is provided to the input terminal of shift register 890. The output of shift register 890 is a correction signal Δ indicating the correction to make to the fuel control computer while calculating the fuel requirements for a particular cylinder.
It is _T1 . Similarly, other accumulation circuits 892-
2 to 892-8 also generate correction signals ΔT ₂ to ΔT ₈ . The fuel control computer generates an output signal indicating whether to increase or decrease the amount of fuel delivered to the engine depending on the value of the individual cylinder modification signals ΔT ₁ -ΔT ₈ . The signal that opens the AND gate 878 in each of the accumulator circuits 892-1 to 892-8 stores the T-Tavg signal corresponding to each cylinder.
94 and a decoder 896. Counter 894 receives the signals θr and θ _CIS and generates a number indicative of the θr signal received after each θ _CIS signal. The parallel output of this counter is decoder 8
given to 96. This decoder uses counter 8
The signal received from 94 and the timing signal MT3,
1 of 8 parallel outputs according to TM7 and TM9
give a signal to one. Decoder 896 is conventional and can be constructed using commercially available components or components similar to those shown in FIG. One of the parallel outputs of decoder 896 is connected to another input terminal of AND gate 878 of another accumulator circuit. Next, the operation of the circuit shown in FIG. 48 will be explained with reference to FIG. 46. Timing interval MT2, TM7,
During TM9, the value of signal T-Tavg is compared to a threshold signal stored in shift register 876. The result of this comparison is flip-flop 868
is applied to the output terminal of shift register 876
actually stores the two's complement of the threshold. T-
When the value of Tavg is a positive number and is less than the stored value of the threshold value, or when the value of T-Tavg is a negative value and is greater than the stored value of the threshold value, the timing interval When MT2, TM7, and TM9 are completed, the Q output of flip-flop 868 is "0". Conversely, when the value of T-Tavg is a positive number and is greater than the threshold, or T-
When Tavg is negative and less than the threshold, the Q output of flip-flop 868 is a ``1'' at the end of timing intervals MT2, TM7, and TM9. The Q output of flip-flop 870 is T-Tavg
When is a positive value, it is "0", and when is a negative value, it is "1". Therefore, the output of the exclusive OR gate 872 is "0" when T-Tavg is positive or negative and less than the threshold value, and "1" when the value of T-Tavg is greater than the threshold value. Open Nate and Gate 874. At the end of periods MT2, TM7, and TM9, there is no signal to toggle flip-flops 868 and 870, so they remain in the state they were last in. During periods MT3, TM7, and TM9, one of the AND gates of accumulator circuits 892-1 to 892-8 is opened by a signal from decoder 896. Therefore, if AND gate 874 is opened because the value of signal T-Tavg is greater than the threshold, then signal T-Tavg is
4,878 and is added to the circulating contents of shift register 890. T-
It is clear that when the value of Tavg is negative, its absolute value is subtracted from the rotated contents of shift register 890. shift register 8
90 stores the value ΔT=ΣT−Tavg for all values of T−Tavg greater than the threshold. This value ΔT is a positive or negative number depending on whether the torque output of each cylinder is greater or less than the average torque value. Thresholds stored in shift register 876 determine the amount of torque output for each cylinder due to parameters that vary torque output other than variations in fuel delivery, as described above for closed-loop fuel control systems. Shows nominal variation. Signal T- with a value less than the threshold
Since fluctuations in Tavg indicate which cylinders contribute to the desired torque and therefore no fuel correction is required, such fluctuations in the signal T-Tavg must be fully detected by the device and added to the accumulator circuit. There isn't. Appropriate accumulator circuit 892-1 for signal T-Tavg
Distribution to 892-8 is performed by a three-stage counter 894 and a decoder 896. Counter 894 is reset in response to cylinder identification signal θ _CIS which identifies that a particular cylinder is about to begin its torque pulse wave cycle.
This θ _CIS signal can be generated for any cylinder, but for purposes of illustration, the signal θ _CIS is generated just before the cylinder associated with accumulator circuit 892-1 begins its torque pulse wave cycle. is,
A counter 894 then counts the reference signal θr to generate a number indicating the cylinder for which the torque data is being processed. This number is provided to the decoder. This decoder receives a timing signal indicating that the torque data has been processed and the value T-Tavg is ready to be entered into the appropriate accumulator.
Generates MT3, TM7, and TM9. Decoder 8
96 generates signals during timing periods MT3, TM7, and TM9. This signal is sent to the counter 894
Opens the AND gate 878 corresponding to the cylinder identified by the number given by . Thereby, the signal T-Tavg is added to or subtracted from the accumulated signal ΔT stored in the appropriate accumulator. Details of selector switch 682 (FIG. 43) are shown in FIG. 49. Output signals ΔT ₁ -ΔT ₈ stored in fuel correction accumulator circuit 702 are provided to AND gates 898-912. Other input terminals of these AND gates are connected to parallel output terminals of decoder 896. This decoder receives parallel inputs from the counter 894 described above. The connection between AND gates 898-912 is connected to accumulator circuit 892.
-1 to 892-8 are activated in a different order. AND GATE 898-904
The output terminals of AND gates 906 - 912 are connected to the input terminals of OR gate 916 , and the output terminals of AND gates 906 - 912 are connected to the input terminals of OR gate 916 . The output terminals of OR gates 914 and 916 are OR gate 9
18 input terminals. One multi-input OR gate or multiple two-input OR gates can be used to OR the output of AND gate 898 to produce a single output, as illustrated by the output of OR gate 918. The output terminal of the OR gate 918 is the shift register 920
connected to the input terminal of This shift register temporarily stores the received signal ΔT. A parallel output terminal of shift register 920 is connected to a parallel input terminal of D/A converter 922. The analog output of this D/A converter is provided to fuel control computer 466. A delayed pulse p (FIG. 39) generated by fuel control computer 466 activates D/A converter 922 before fuel control computer 466 calculates the injection signal to the injector that supplies fuel to a given cylinder. ΔT data stored in the shift register 920 can be received. If this closed-loop control device consists of a programmed mini-computer, for example,
It will of course be appreciated that the D/A converter 922 can be omitted and the data ΔT can be passed directly from the shift register 920 to the digital computer, or even directly from the OR gate 918. Similarly, if injection timing is calculated individually for each cylinder, the injection timing signal can be used to transfer data ΔT from shift register 920 to the fuel control computer. The operation of the circuit shown in FIG. 49 is as follows. Fuel correction accumulator circuit 702 stores a plurality of correction signals ΔT ₁ -ΔT ₂ . These correction signals are used to calculate fuel requirements for each cylinder such that each cylinder's torque contribution to the engine's total output torque is approximately equal. During timing intervals MT3, TM7, TM9 prior to calculating the fuel demand for a particular cylinder, an AND gate receives a modification signal ΔT that is related to a particular signal stored in the fuel modification accumulator circuit 702. is opened and the modification signal associated with that particular cylinder is transferred to shift register 920 and temporarily stored therein. Referring now to FIGS. 38 and 39, in response to the delay pulse p generated by the fuel control computer 466, the correction signal ΔT is
It is sent to A converter 922. This marks the beginning of the final calculation step of the fuel injection signal for that particular cylinder. The D/A converter 922 converts the digital correction signal ΔT into an analog signal,
This analog signal is transmitted to the closed loop rotational unevenness control circuit 6.
71 is added negatively to the bias signal generated by 71. As mentioned above, when the torque T generated by the individual cylinders is greater than the average torque, the correction signal ΔT has a positive value. This positive value, when added negatively to bias signal Vb, reduces the value of the signal applied to the positive input terminal of differential amplifier 672. This reduces the conductivity of transistor 674 and absorbs less current. As a result, the charging current Ic of capacitor 650 or 651 increases. For that purpose capacitor 650
Or 651 is quickly charged and the load sensor 65
The value of the load signal from 3' is reached in a short time, effectively shortening the connection time of the injection pulse signal generated at output terminal 670. The amount of fuel delivered to that particular cylinder is therefore reduced in proportion to the value of the generated correction signal ΔT. As a result, the torque generated is reduced. In this manner, the modification signal ΔT provided to the fuel control computer effectively equalizes the torque output of each cylinder. In another embodiment (not shown), the correction signal ΔT can be negatively added to the load signal generated by the load sensor 653'. The modification signal ΔT effectively reduces the value of the load signal and output terminal 67
Narrow the width of the injection signal generated at zero. It will be appreciated that the modification signal ΔT can also be applied to other parts of the fuel control computer to achieve this same result. Timing Optimization Control Circuit The fuel distribution principles described above can be used to optimize various engine timing functions on a cylinder-by-cylinder basis. These timings include the times when high voltage is applied to individual spark plugs and the times when fuel is injected into the engine. Timing is much more important in compression ignition engines such as diesel engines than in spark ignition engines, but in spark ignition engines engine efficiency can be greatly improved by properly controlling fuel injection timing. It has been known. First, refer to FIG. 23. In this figure, a signal indicating the calculated phase angle φ for each torque pulsating wave is calculated and the parallel-loaded shift register 35
It can be stored in 8. This phase angle contains the basic timing information for each torque impulse. From this information, individual timing correction signals for each cylinder can be generated. These modification signals can be used to modify ignition timing, injection timing, etc. Instead of generating a signal indicative of the average phase angle φavg, the calculated phase angle can be compared directly with a reference phase angle _φR to generate an error signal Δφ. This error signal Δφ
can be individually accumulated to generate a correction signal for each cylinder. These correction signals are
While calculating the ignition or injection time, the ignition signal and/or injection signal may be applied to the generating circuit one at a time in an appropriate order. Details of the timing optimization control circuit are shown in FIG. The φ register 358 is the parallel load shift register 358 shown in FIG. 23, and stores the value of the calculated phase angle φ. The parallel output terminal of φ register 358 is connected to the parallel input terminal of parallel input serial output shift register 924. The output terminal of this shift register 924 is connected to the input terminal of an AND gate 926.
Alternatively, phase angle φ can be applied directly in series to AND gate 926 and shift register 924 can be eliminated. Shift register 400 (Figure 25)
A φ _R register such as φ R stores the value of the reference phase angle φ _R . The output terminal of φ _R register 400 is connected to the input terminal of AND gate 928. Timing signals MT0, 7, TM8 are applied to other input terminals of AND gates 926, 928. The output terminals of AND gates 926 and 928 are connected to the input terminals of a conventional subtraction circuit comprised of exclusive OR gates 930 and 932, an inverter 934, AND gate 936 and NOR gate 938, and flip-flop 940. or gate 9
The output of this subtraction circuit, appearing at the output terminal of 32, is the error signal Δφi, which is the error signal Δφi, which is applied to the Δφ correction accumulator circuit 94.
given to 2. The structure and function of this circuit 942 is the same as that of fuel correction accumulator circuit 702 shown in FIG. 48 as being made up of accumulator circuits 892-1 through 892-8. A counter 894 and a decoder 896 that receive timing signals θr and _θCIS operate at timing intervals MT0, 7, TM.
8 to provide the Δφi signal to the appropriate accumulator of the Δφ modified accumulator circuit 942. The error signal Δφ generated from each cylinder torque pulsation wave is accumulated and stored in an associated accumulator to generate correction signals φC ₁ -φC ₈ . These modification signals are provided to selector switch 682. The selector switch responds to signals from decoder 896 by providing correction signals in a predetermined order, one at a time, to the ignition or injection timing control circuit so that the correction signals can be used in calculating ignition or injection timing. Make it. Circuits for applying individual correction signals to ignition timing and injection timing are shown in Figures 51 and 52, respectively. First, referring to FIG. 51, the ignition angle φi calculated from the engine speed and manifold pressure is stored in register B142 (FIG. 15). Modified signal φC ₁ from switch 682 is temporarily stored in shift register 944. Register B14
2 and the output of shift register 944 is added to adder circuit 1.
78 (Fig. 18) and are added there, and the sum φ'i + φC ₁ is then added to the timing signal P ₁ .
The ADDT signal is applied to the firing angle register 180 (FIG. 15) to begin calculating the firing signal for the cylinder associated with the correction signal stored in the shift register 944. The simultaneous occurrence of timing signal P ₁ and ADDT means that the first occurrence after each reference signal θr
The MT0 signal is shown (Figure 21). As previously discussed, the sum signal stored in firing angle register 180 is provided to rate multiplier 182. This rate multiplier 182
generates a rate signal having a frequency proportional to the value of the sum signal. This rate signal is applied to the up counter 184 during the initial period between subsequent reference signals θr.
(FIG. 15) to produce a number representing the sum signal divided by engine speed. During this period, the next modification signal associated with the next cylinder is stored in shift register 944. At the end of the first period, the number stored in up counter 184 is passed to down counter 186 and counted down during the period between the next consecutive reference signals. At the same time, the next sum signal previously stored in the firing angle register 180 is provided to the rate multiplier 182. This rate multiplier generates a new rate signal with a frequency proportional to the new signal. During this down count period, the down counter generates a signal.
This signal disappears when the down counter reaches zero count. When this signal is absent, the ignition signal is generated at a time after the reference signal determined by the value of the sum signal. The output of down counter 186 is provided to dwell circuit 188. This dwell circuit controls the on-off time of the amplifier 104 that energizes the ignition coil. In this way, the time of generation of the ignition signal is adjusted individually by the error signal associated with the cylinders. Next, referring to FIG. 52, the injection timing signal for the fuel control computer 466 is
It can be calculated from one or more engine operating parameters using the same circuit as shown in the figure. When used for injection timing,
The values stored in ROM 122 are different from the values stored for ignition timing. However, the operating principle of the circuit is the same. As with ignition timing, the generated timing angle φ'i is stored in register B142. The injection timing correction signal φci corresponding to the cylinder for which the next injection signal is to be calculated is stored in shift register 944. The operation of the circuit up to the output terminal of down counter 186 is the same as that of the circuit shown in FIG. The injection reference signal θr (INJ) can be generated in the same manner as the ignition reference signal θr. The output terminal of down counter 186 is connected to the input terminal of one shot multivibrator 946. This multivibrator generates a short pulse in response to the loss of the down counter output signal. This short pulse toggles flip-flop 948. This flip-flop thereby changes state.
Trigger signals TR1, TR2, which are used to initiate the generation of fuel injection pulses generated by fuel control computer 466, are generated at complementary output terminals Q, of flip-flop 948. Therefore, the trigger signals TR1, TR2 are generated at times that are a function of the operating parameters of the engine;
It is adjusted by the injection correction signal φci to cause fuel injection to be performed at a time that optimizes engine efficiency. Another embodiment illustrating the application of individual injection correction signals φi to a simplified injection timing system is shown in FIG. In this embodiment, the timing signal φ'i is derived directly from the injection reference signal θr(INJ) and is not calculated from engine operating parameters. A reference signal θr(INJ) is generated for each cylinder at a predetermined crankshaft angle that is greater than the maximum injection advance known for the particular engine. These reference signals can be generated in the same manner as described for the generation of reference signals for spark advance. The injection correction signal φci is applied to a shift register 950 similarly to the embodiment shown in FIGS.
This shift register 950 controls the injection correction signal φci.
(INJ) in response to each injection reference signal (INJ) directly to rate multiplier 182. This rate multiplier is combined with up counter 184 and down counter 186 to generate a signal at the output terminal of down counter 186. This signal disappears when the down counter reaches zero. One-shot multivibrator 946 and flip-flop 948 are combined so that when the output signal of down counter 186 disappears, flip-flop 9
Complementary trigger signal TR1, to the output terminal Q of 48,
Generates TR2. These signals are provided to fuel control computer 466 to generate injection modification signal φci
Each injection reference signal θr (INJ) determined by the value of
The fuel injection signal is started at a time after . Comprehensive Closed Loop Engine Control Device The various closed loop control devices described above indicate various types of information that can be extracted from the instantaneous rotational speed of the output shaft of the engine. The devices also show how to process rotational speed data, for example to derive information about engine operating parameters. Further investigation of these devices will show that the instantaneous rotational speed of the output shaft of the engine also contains other information indicative of other operating parameters of the engine, which can be extracted by appropriate processing. The information that can be extracted is not limited to information useful for controlling the engine, but also includes information useful for diagnosing the engine. Therefore, the technical scope of the present invention is not limited to the embodiments and processing methods described above. As mentioned above, signals representative of various parameters obtained by processing the instantaneous rotational speed of the engine output shaft are combined into an integrated engine control system that optimizes engine performance with respect to one or more engine operating parameters. be able to. For example, this integrated engine control system can optimize engine power, torque, and fuel efficiency. In addition, the engine control device can reduce the emissions of undesirable exhaust gases, generate exhaust gases that can be used in catalytic converters such as those currently used, or control the amount of exhaust gases that are recirculated to the engine. . Such a comprehensive control device is shown in block diagram form in FIG. Environmental conditions such as ambient air temperature, ambient pressure, humidity, etc. are applied to the engine 20, which may be either a compression ignition engine (diesel) or a spark ignition engine, along with commands indicating desired power and speed. Sensors 1002 generate signals indicative of input commands, environmental parameters, selected engine operating parameters, etc., and provide these signals to an engine control computer. Selected signals are provided to a rotational speed sensor 1004 and a processor 1006 to generate instantaneous output shaft rotational speed signals and to process those rotational speed signals to obtain desired operating parameters. . A rotational speed sensor 1004 detects the rotational speed of the output shaft of the engine and generates a signal indicative of the rotational speed. Processor 1006 processes signals indicative of the instantaneous rotational speed of the engine output shaft to generate signals indicative of desired engine operating parameters. Those signals are provided to engine control computer 1000. Output signals A, B, and C of processor 1006 may be signals generated by the various closed-loop control circuits described above, or other signals indicative of other engine parameters derived from signals generated by rotational speed sensor 1004. It is shown as a whole. The engine control computer 1000 is the sensor 1
Control signals are generated in response to signals received from 002 and processor 1006 to optimize performance of the engine for selected operating parameters. As mentioned above, these operating parameters are power, torque, fuel consumption efficiency, exhaust gas emissions, and other parameters that may be desired to be controlled. FIG. 55 shows an embodiment of a comprehensive engine control device applied to a spark ignition engine. Engine control computer 1000 includes a fuel control computer, such as fuel control computer 466 shown in FIG. 38, and ignition timing and distribution control circuit 28 shown in FIG. The processor 1006 is a rotational unevenness signal generator 1007
, a timing signal generator 1008 , and a distribution signal generator 1009 . Rotation unevenness signal generator 10
07 is a closed loop engine rotation unevenness control circuit as shown in FIG.
Figure 7) may or may not be included. The uneven rotation signal generator 1007 generates a bias signal, such as a bias signal Vb, that controls the amount of fuel supplied to the engine so that the engine operates at a predetermined uneven rotation level. This bias signal is calculated from the instantaneous rotational speed of the crankshaft. Timing signal generator 1008 is signal generator 9
6 (Figs. 20-26),
The phase angle of each torque pulsating wave is calculated to generate a phase correction signal φc. The ignition timing and distribution control circuit 28 generates, at a certain time, an ignition timing signal that sets the phase angle of the torque pulsating wave to a predetermined value in response to the correction signal φc. The distribution signal generator 1009 is connected to the circuit 680 (44th
A torque correction signal ΔTn is generated in response to data generated by the rotational speed sensor 1004 in a distribution control circuit as shown in FIGS. This signal ΔTn is provided to the fuel control computer 466 to control the amount of fuel delivered to the engine and/or the time of delivery to ensure equal torque contribution of each fuel chamber to the total torque output of the engine. do. As engine control systems become increasingly complex, interactions between individual closed loop control circuits may become adversely reactive or overcorrect. For example, the unevenness signal is a function of timing (injection or ignition), fuel distribution, exhaust gas recirculation, and other factors. Similarly, the timing correction signal φc is a function of the engine rotational irregularity signal as well as the above factors, and the interaction of one correction can override or overcorrect another. The integrated control device shown in FIG. 56 handles the engine as a multi-input/multi-output system, and this device can eliminate these adverse effects. State variable theory dictates that every state variable be provided to every input controller through a gain generator. In this way, the fully closed loop dynamics can be fitted by the gain matrix K and the governing control law, with u as the input vector and x as the state vector, such that u = K x . For simplicity, Figure 56 shows two closed loops.
Only one is shown. However, the principle of the present invention is
It can be applied to the three closed loop control circuits shown in Figure 5 and can be extended to include other state variables. The operation of the engine 20 is based on environmental input parameters,
Operation input parameters and fuel control computer 4
66 and ignition timing and distribution control circuit 28
controlled by the ignition signal generated by the ignition signal.
The rotation speed sensor 1004 generates data indicating the instantaneous rotation speed of the crankshaft, and this data is sent to the rotation unevenness signal generator 1007 and the timing signal generator 1.
008, each rotation unevenness bias signal Vb
and is converted to the phase signal generator 1007. In this device, the input vector u〓 to the engine is u F/A a . Here, F/A is the desired air-fuel mixture to be supplied, and a is the desired ignition advance angle necessary to operate the engine efficiently. The state vector x is X=Vb ∫Vb φc ∫φc. Here, Vb is the rotational unevenness signal generator 10
07, φc is the output signal generated by the timing signal generator 1008, and ∫Vb and ∫φc are the integral values of Vb and Vc, respectively. The gain matrix K is shown in FIG. The bias signal Vb generated by the rotation unevenness signal generator 1007 is multiplied by coefficients K ₁₁ and K ₂₁ in amplifiers 1014 and 1024, respectively. bias signal
Vb is also integrated by an integrator 1010 to become a signal ∫Vb. Amplifiers 1016 and 1026 are used for this signal ∫Vb.
are multiplied by coefficients K ₁₂ and K ₂₂ , respectively.
Similarly, the signal φc generated by timing signal generator 1008 is applied to amplifier 1018 and
At 028, the coefficients K ₁₃ and K ₂₃ are respectively multiplied. The signal φc is integrated by an integrator 1012 to become ∫φc, and this integrated signal ∫φc is
20 and 1030 are multiplied by factors K ₁₄ and K ₂₄ , respectively. K generated by amplifiers 1014-1030
Matrix signal K ₁₁ Vb, K ₁₂ ∫Vb, K ₁₃ φc,
K ₁₄ ∫φc are added together in summing amplifier 1022, and the sum signal ΔF is provided to fuel control computer 466. The computer then generates signals for controlling the mixture supply to the engine in response to this signal ΔF and signals indicative of engine operating and environmental parameters. Similarly, the signals K ₂₁ Vb, K ₂₂ ∫Vb, K ₂₃ φc,
K ₂₄ ∫φc are added together in a summing amplifier 1032,
The sum signal Δa is provided to the ignition timing and distribution control circuit 28. Then, this circuit 2
8 controls the spark discharge time of the spark plug as a function of this sum signal ΔF and the received operating parameters. The multiplication coefficients K ₁₁ to K ₁₄ and K ₂₁ to _{K 24} can be calculated using linear optimal control logic or experimentally. As mentioned above, the gain matrix shown in FIG. 56 may include more closed loop control circuits than the two closed loop feedback control circuits shown.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

Figure 1 is a diagram showing the mechanical relationship between the piston and crankshaft of a typical engine, Figure 2 is a waveform diagram showing the pressure in the engine cylinder as a function of the rotational position of the crankshaft, and Figure 3 is a diagram showing the mechanical relationship between the piston and crankshaft of a typical engine. Waveform diagram showing pulsating waves of torque transmitted to the crankshaft, 4th
Figures 5 and 6 are waveform diagrams showing the pulsating waves of torque transmitted to the crankshaft for the operating cycles of 4, 6, and 8 cylinder engines, respectively.
A waveform diagram showing the instantaneous rotational speed of the crankshaft of a cylinder engine, Figure 8 is a block diagram of the closed loop ignition timing control circuit of the present invention, and Figure 9 is a diagram illustrating the ignition timing control circuit of Figure 8 constructed using analog technology. 10 is a circuit diagram of the analog reference shaft position signal θr generator shown in FIG. 9; FIG. 11 is a block diagram showing a digital example of the closed loop ignition timing control circuit; FIG. 12A is a block diagram showing an example. The figure shows a histogram of periodic data generated according to the control circuit shown in FIG. 11, and FIG. 12B shows a histogram of periodic data generated according to the control circuit shown in FIG. 13 is a block diagram of an embodiment of the control circuit shown in FIG. 8, and FIG. 14 shows a waveform A of an actual period generated according to the control circuit shown in FIG. 8. Square wave SIGN (sin2πi/N) and
A diagram showing waveform B of SIGN (cos2πi/N) and waveform C of actual functions sin2πi/N and cos2πi/N,
Figure 15 is a more detailed block diagram of the embodiment shown in Figure 13, Figures 16A and 16B are diagrams showing the contents of the RPM register and MAP register divided into upper bits and lower bits, and Figure 17 is a schedule diagram. Figure 18 shows a typical RPM manifold pressure surface representing the firing angle generated by the oscillator and clock signals and the signals generated by the timing and control circuitry.
A series of waveform diagrams showing the relationship between DG0 to DG15; FIG. 19 is a series of waveform diagrams showing the relationship and timing order of signals MT0 to TM10 on different time scales;
FIG. 20 is a circuit diagram of the function generator and the first part of the phase detection circuit shown in FIG. 15, FIG. 21 is a basic timing waveform diagram used in FIG. 20, and FIG.
The figure is a waveform diagram of the signal that controls phase angle calculation and lead angle correction, and Figure 23 is a circuit diagram of the comparator, divider, arctangent ROM, and arctangent correction circuit shown in Figure 15. 24 is a schematic diagram of the four quadrants containing the phase angle φ; FIG. 25 is a circuit diagram of the phase angle averaging circuit, comparator and accumulator shown in FIG. 15;
Fig. 6 is a graph showing the output of the phase angle averaging circuit of Fig. 15, Fig. 27 is a circuit diagram of the injection signal generation circuit including the dwell circuit, Fig. 28 is a graph showing the ignition angle-time delay conversion, Fig. 29 Figure 30 is a block diagram of the closed-loop engine rotational unevenness control circuit, Figure 31 is a graph showing the influence of the bias signal on fuel supply, Figure 32 is a circuit diagram of the rotational unevenness sensor, FIG. 33 is a waveform diagram used to explain the uneven rotation sensor, FIG. 34 is a circuit diagram of another embodiment of the uneven rotation sensor, and FIG. 32 and 34 are circuit diagrams of the rotational unevenness sensor, FIG. 36 is a block diagram of an analog embodiment of the closed loop engine rotational unevenness control circuit, and FIG. 37 is a circuit diagram of the rotational unevenness sensor.
Circuit diagram of the warm-up control circuit shown in Figure 3.
FIG. 8 is a circuit diagram of a typical fuel control computer adapted to receive a rotational irregularity signal generated by a closed-loop engine rotational irregularity control circuit.
9 is a waveform diagram for explaining the operation of the control computer shown in FIG. 38, and FIG. 40 is a graph showing absorption current and charging current as a function of bias signal.
Fig. 41 is a graph showing the charge state of the capacitor of the fuel control computer and the change in the injection signal generated by the computer for two values of the bias signal, and Fig. 42 is a cylinder used to explain the operation of the closed loop fuel distribution device. 43 is a block diagram of a closed loop fuel distribution control circuit, FIG. 44 is a block diagram of a closed loop fuel distribution controller, and FIG. 45 is a waveform diagram showing the pressure contour of f ₁ ( φ) Generator circuit diagram, Figure 46 is a waveform diagram used to explain the closed loop fuel distribution control circuit, Figure 4
7 is a circuit diagram of the multiplier and torque averaging circuit shown in FIG. 44; FIG. 48 is a circuit diagram showing details of the comparator and fuel correction accumulator shown in FIG. 44; FIG. The figures are a circuit diagram showing details of the switch shown in Fig. 44 and transmission of the fuel correction signal to the fuel control computer, Fig. 50 is a circuit diagram of the timing distribution circuit, and Fig. 51 is a circuit diagram showing the transmission of the fuel correction signal to the fuel control computer. a circuit diagram showing the transmission of timing correction signals;
Fig. 52 is a circuit diagram showing transmission of a timing correction signal to the injection timing control circuit, Fig. 53 is a circuit diagram showing transmission of a timing correction signal to a simplified injection timing control circuit, and Fig. 54 is a circuit diagram showing transmission of a timing correction signal to the injection timing control circuit. a block diagram of an integrated closed-loop engine control system having a number of control loops, each closed around the instantaneous rotational speed of a shaft;
FIG. 55 is a block diagram of an integrated closed loop engine control system for a spark ignition engine, and FIG. 56 is a block diagram of an integrated closed loop engine control system with a state variable matrix. 28...Ignition timing distribution controller, 38...
Crankshaft speed sensor, 54, 74, 146...
Magnetic pickup, 68, 82...Counter, 7
0,144...Toothed wheel, 72...Tooth, 80,4
94...Oscillator, 84...Old value register, 86
...Subtractor, 88...Zero crossing counter, 90...
Manifold pressure sensor, 96...Phase angle generator, 1
50... Period counter, 152... Period register, 160... Sine register, 162... Cosine register, 164... Comparator, 166... Divider,
168... Arctangent ROM, 176... Accumulator, 4
60... Fuel control computer, 468... Rotation unevenness sensor, 470... Engine RPM sensor,
472... Multiplier, 492... Time period counter, 504... Up counter, 508... Absolute value converter, 510... D/A converter, 542...
Shift register, 583...Warm-up controller, 586
...Temperature sensor, 704...Decoder, 702...
...Fuel correction accumulation circuit, 1004...RPM sensor.

Claims (1)

[Scope of Claims] 1. A combustion chamber, a supply mechanism for supplying a combustible mixture of air and fuel to the combustion chamber, and a supply mechanism for receiving a torque having pulsating wave fluctuations with a period related to the combustion of the combustible mixture. A control device for an internal combustion engine having a rotating output shaft; when the output shaft passes through a rotational position determined corresponding to the combustion chamber during its rotation, it indicates passage of a reference shaft position. a shaft position signal generator 46 that generates a reference shaft position signal θr; a rotation speed detection means that detects the rotation speed of the output shaft and generates an instantaneous speed signal; and a correction signal generator 1006 that detects the rotation speed of the output shaft. Phase signal generating means 84, 86, 88, 68; 96 for generating a phase signal indicating the phase θm;φ of the torque pulsating wave with respect to the reference shaft position signal θr in response to a signal from the detection means;
and means for generating a timing correction signal ε;φc representing a deviation of the phase signal from a desired phase; and a rotational irregularity signal R relating to the magnitude of the torque pulsating wave in response to a signal from the rotational speed detection means. a correction signal generator including a rotational unevenness sensor that generates a rotational unevenness signal R, and means for generating a combustion material supply amount correction signal Vb using the rotational unevenness signal R; a controller 1000 that generates a combustion timing control signal that controls combustion timing in the combustion chamber, and a combustible mixture control signal that controls the combustible mixture supplied to the combustion chamber in response to the fuel supply amount correction signal; An internal combustion engine control device comprising: 2. In the device according to claim 1, the rotational speed detecting means divides the period of the torque pulsating wave into at least four to obtain a divided period,
generating the instantaneous speed signal for each divided period;
An apparatus characterized in that the phase signal generating means generates a phase signal indicating a phase θm;φ of the torque pulsating wave using the instantaneous speed signal over at least one cycle of the torque pulsating wave. 3. In the device according to claim 2, the phase signal generating means differentiates the instantaneous speed signal and generates a rotation angle from the shaft position reference signal θr, which is expressed by the instantaneous speed signal. a differential element 84 that generates, as the phase signal, an angle signal θm indicating a rotation angle that coincides with the occurrence of an inflection point of the curve;
86, 88; means for generating a reference angle signal θ _R representative of the rotation angle at which the inflection point is desired to occur for desired operation of the internal combustion engine; and means for comparing the angle signal θ m with the reference angle signal θ _R. hand,
an element 36 for generating a timing correction signal ε indicating the difference between the angle signal θm and the reference angle signal _θR in each torque pulsation wave. 4. In the apparatus according to claim 3, the rotation speed detection means 1004 is attached to the output shaft and generates a predetermined number of angular increment signals indicating the division period for each predetermined rotation interval. an element 68 for generating an instantaneous angle signal indicative of the instantaneous rotation angle of the output shaft from the shaft position reference signal θr in response to the shaft position reference signal θr and the angular increment signal; An apparatus characterized by comprising elements 80 and 82 that generate instantaneous speed signals indicating the rotational speed of the output shaft for each division period. 5. The device according to claim 4, wherein the element 68 for generating instantaneous angle signals is indicative of the number of angular increment signals received after each shaft position reference signal θr, i.e. the instantaneous angle of rotation of the output shaft. said elements 80, 82 generating instantaneous velocity signals, said elements 80, 82 generating instantaneous velocity signals; a second counter 82 for generating a number indicative of the oscillation signal received between the angular increment signals. 6. The device according to claim 5, wherein the differentiating elements 84, 86, 88; 96 include a subtractor 86 that generates a difference signal indicating the difference between successively generated instantaneous velocity signals; a detector 88 that detects a predetermined change in the value of the successively generated difference signal and generates a stop signal;
8 stores an instantaneous angle signal corresponding to the rotation angle of the output shaft when the predetermined change is detected in response to the stop signal, and the stored instantaneous angle signal is the angle signal θm. device to do. 7. In the apparatus according to claim 2, the phase signal generating means is a phase angle generator 96 that generates a phase angle signal φi indicating the phase of each torque pulsating wave with respect to the shaft position reference signal θr. A device characterized by: 8. The apparatus according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the internal combustion engine is a compression ignition engine, and the combustion timing control signal controls the time of supply of the combustible mixture to the combustion chamber; An apparatus characterized in that the combustible mixture control signal controls a mixture ratio of a combustible mixture supplied to a combustion chamber. 9. The device according to claim 7, wherein the internal combustion engine is an engine that is ignited by spark discharge, and has an ignition element provided in a combustion chamber, and the combustion timing control signal An apparatus characterized by controlling the time of application of voltage to the ignition element for igniting the air-fuel mixture, and controlling the mixture ratio of the combustible air-fuel mixture supplied to the combustion chamber. 10. The apparatus according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the correction signal generator 1006
is a state variable matrix 10 that combines the timing correction signal and the fuel supply correction signal to generate corrected correction signals ΔF,α that vary as a function of combustion timing and combustible mixture air/fuel ratio.
10-1032, wherein the controller 1000 is responsive to the corrected correction signal. 11. In the apparatus according to claim 2, in the correction signal generator 1006, a rotational unevenness sensor 468 compares instantaneous speed signals generated from at least two different torque pulsation waves, and An apparatus characterized in that a difference signal indicative of variations in wave size is generated as a rotational irregularity signal, and a fuel supply correction signal is generated from the difference signal by circuit elements 476, 478. 12. In the device according to claim 2, the internal combustion engine has a plurality of combustion chambers, and the correction signal generator 1006 is configured to include a rotational irregularity sensor 46.
8 compares instantaneous speed signals corresponding to at least two torque pulsation waves generated in different combustion chambers, generates a difference signal representing a variation in the magnitude of the torque pulsation waves as a rotational irregularity signal, and generates a difference signal from the difference signal. Apparatus characterized in that the fuel supply modification signal is generated by circuit elements 476, 478. 13. The device according to claim 11, wherein the internal combustion engine has a plurality of combustion chambers,
The rotational unevenness sensor 468 is a device characterized in that it compares instantaneous speed signals corresponding to torque pulsating waves generated by the same combustion chamber. 14 In the device according to claim 12, the rotational unevenness sensor 468 detects the rotational position of the output shaft and detects the first angular interval a ₁ , a ₂ of the rotation of the output shaft for each torque pulsation wave. generate a first interval signal indicating a subsequent angular interval A ₁ , A ₂ of the rotation of the output shaft during which the rotational speed of the output shaft is at its highest according to each crest of the torque pulsation wave. a sensing element 54, 74, 484, 492, 494, 496 generating a second spacing signal indicative of a second angular spacing;
504, and an element 506 that generates a rotational unevenness signal according to the first and second interval signals, and the rotational unevenness signal has a value indicating a difference in magnitude between sequentially generated torque pulsation waves. A device characterized by having: 15. The apparatus of claim 14, wherein the sensing element 54-504 is coupled to an output shaft to generate an angular increment signal representing rotation of the output shaft divided into a plurality of small equal angular increments. angle encoders 74, 76, and elements 56, 6 connected to the output shaft to generate a shaft position reference signal θr at a predetermined angular position of the output shaft for each torque pulsation wave;
0, and a first counter 484 that is reset by the axis position reference signal θr and counts and stores the number of angular increment signals generated after the generation of each axis position reference signal θr; the first counter 484 according to the number stored in the first counter 484;
and a second interval signal.
2,494,496,504, and the first
The interval signal is generated when the number is between two first predetermined numbers, and the second interval signal is generated when the number is between two second predetermined numbers. A device that does this. 16. The device according to claim 15, in which the decoder elements 492, 494, 49
6,504 is an oscillator 494 for generating a first oscillation signal at a predetermined rate, and a first interval signal for generating a number indicative of the time required for the output shaft to rotate the first angular interval. a second counter 492 that counts and stores the first oscillation signal accordingly;
and a variable frequency oscillator 496 that generates a second oscillation signal having a frequency inversely proportional to the number stored in the second counter 492; An apparatus comprising an up counter 504 that counts and stores the number of oscillation signals, and the number stored in the up counter is a normalized signal. 17. In the device according to claim 16, the element 506 for generating the uneven rotation signal
includes a down counter 506 that receives the number generated during the preceding second interval signal and stored in the up counter 504, which down counter is responsive to the subsequently received second interval signal. counting the generated second oscillation signal;
An apparatus characterized in that it generates a signal indicative of a rotational irregularity signal when the second interval signal ends. 18. Device according to claim 17, characterized in that an element 508 is provided for converting the number generated in the down counter 506 into an absolute value at the end of the second interval signal. 19. In the device according to claim 18, an element 510; 536 is provided which converts the absolute value of the number generated by the down counter 506 at the end of the second interval signal into an analog signal. Featured device. 20. The apparatus according to claim 19, in which, in response to two or more uneven rotation signals, an average uneven rotation signal is generated having a value representing the average of at least two previously generated uneven rotation signals. A device characterized in that elements 530, 532, 534, 538 are provided. 21. The device according to claim 20, characterized in that elements 540, 510 are provided for converting the average rotational unevenness signal into an analog signal having a value proportional to the average rotational unevenness signal. . 22. The device according to claim 17, characterized in that an element (FIG. 35) is provided for generating a differential rotational unevenness second signal indicating a difference between two rotational unevenness signals. 23. In the device according to claim 22, the element (FIG. 35) that generates the differential rotational unevenness second signal is generated in the down counter 506 to generate the second interval signal. a shift register 542 for temporarily storing a number indicative of a rotational unevenness signal at the end; and a shift register 542 for temporarily storing a number indicative of a rotational unevenness signal at the end;
The number stored in the down counter 506
and elements 546 and 548 for converting the number representing the differential rotational unevenness second signal into an absolute value. A device featuring: 24. In the device according to claim 12, the closed-loop internal combustion engine rotation unevenness control circuit included in the controller 1000 includes a first signal that generates a first signal indicating the average rotational speed of the output shaft. sensor 4
The rotational unevenness sensor 468, which is equipped with 70 and generates the difference signal, is configured to generate a rotational unevenness signal having a value indicating a difference in the magnitude of the sequentially generated torque pulsating waves, and the control circuit further includes: , an element 472 for multiplying the first signal by the unevenness signal to generate a unevenness signal corrected for speed.
and a summing element 476; 557, 572 for generating a rotational unevenness correction signal by adding a reference signal to the rotational unevenness signal corrected for speed;
an element 478 that integrates the irregular rotation correction signal to generate an irregular rotation bias signal Vb; and a second sensor that generates a second signal indicative of at least one operating parameter other than combustion timing and air-fuel ratio of the internal combustion engine. 586, the controller generates a fuel supply signal in response to the second signal and the rotational unevenness bias signal Vb, and the controller generates a fuel supply signal according to the fuel supply signal modified by the rotational unevenness bias signal Vb, and the controller generates a fuel supply signal in response to the rotational unevenness bias signal Vb. An apparatus for supplying fuel to an internal combustion engine in an amount that maintains the uneven rotation signal at a predetermined value. 25. The device according to claim 24, wherein the third signal is differentiated from the first signal and has a value proportional to the rate of change in speed caused by the change in internal combustion engine speed made by the driver. Element 47 that generates
4 is provided, said adding element 476; 55
7,572 generates a rotational unevenness correction signal that is compensated for the speed change made by the driver by adding the reference signal and the rotational unevenness signal corrected for the speed to the third signal. A device featuring: 26. The device according to claim 25, wherein an element 556, 567' is provided for generating a start correction signal in response to said first signal having a value indicative of an internal combustion engine speed below a predetermined speed; This start correction signal is
The controller 1000, 466 controls the amount of fuel supplied to the internal combustion engine in response to the rotational unevenness correction signal having the constant value during engine startup. A device characterized by increasing the amount. 27. In the device according to claim 26, the second sensor 586 includes a temperature sensor that generates a temperature signal indicating internal combustion engine temperature, and the internal combustion engine rotation unevenness control circuit includes at least one further comprising an element 583 for generating a warm-up correction signal;
This warm-up correction signal is inversely proportional to the difference between the temperature signal and the reference signal when the value of the temperature signal is smaller than the reference signal, and is inversely proportional to the difference between the temperature signal and the reference signal, and is
2 further performs an operation of adding the rotational unevenness signal corrected for speed to the warm-up correction signal, and the third signal and the reference signal further increase the value of the rotational unevenness correction signal, The controller 1
000,466 for generating a fuel supply signal that increases the amount of fuel supplied to the internal combustion engine. 28 In the device according to claim 27, the maximum and minimum values of the uneven rotation correction signal are limited so that the fuel supply signal generated by the controller 1000, 466 is controlled by the internal combustion by the uneven rotation bias signal Vb. A device characterized in that elements 579-582 are provided for preventing the engine from being varied beyond its operating limits. 29. The device according to claim 27, wherein the element 583 for generating at least one warm-up correction signal is a warm-up control circuit, which a first signal generator 623 for generating a first warm-up correction signal having a value that varies as a first function of the internal combustion engine temperature;
and a second signal generator 622, 628 for generating a second warm-up correction signal having a value that varies as a second function of the temperature signal below a second predetermined temperature; The signals generated by the generators 623, 622, 628 are transmitted to the summing element 56.
7,572 to said controller 1000,466
a switch element 60 that controls the output of the
8,615,631,636, the switch elements 608-636 transmit the signal generated by the first signal generator 623 when the load signal indicates that the internal combustion engine is loaded. to the controller 1000, 466, and the second
When the load signal indicates that there is no load, the signals generated by the signal generators 622 and 628 of
A device characterized in that the device sends information to the controller 1000,466. 30. The device according to claim 29, wherein the first predetermined temperature is the same as the second predetermined temperature. 31. The apparatus according to claim 29, wherein the internal combustion engine includes a transmission mechanism between itself and a load, the transmission mechanism being in at least one first state coupling the internal combustion engine to the load. and at least one second state in which the internal combustion engine is disconnected from the load, the load sensor 587 being a switch 588 responsive to the condition of the transmission mechanism. 32. In the device according to claim 29, the warm-up control circuit performs enrichment of the air-fuel mixture under load for a predetermined period of time in response to the start of a load signal indicating that a load is being applied to the internal combustion engine. A device characterized in that it comprises elements 638, 589, 597, 605 for generating signals. 33. The device according to claim 32, wherein the internal combustion engine has a sensor 639 that generates an idling signal indicating that it is in an idling state, and the element that generates a load enrichment signal. A device 638-605 is operable to generate the on-load mixture enrichment signal in response to termination of the idling signal. 34. The device according to claim 29, wherein the value of the first warm-up correction signal is equal to the value of the second warm-up correction signal.
is greater than the value of the warm-up correction signal, and the change in the amount of fuel supplied to the internal combustion engine that is made in response to the first warm-up correction signal is greater than the value of the warm-up correction signal that is made in response to the second warm-up correction signal. A device characterized in that the change in the amount of fuel supplied is greater than the change. 35. The apparatus according to claim 34, wherein the polarity of the second warm-up correction signal is different from the polarity of the first warm-up correction signal, and the amount of fuel supplied to the internal combustion engine is , is increased in response to the first warm-up correction signal and is decreased in response to the second warm-up correction signal. 36. The device according to claim 9, comprising a closed loop ignition timing control circuit,
The correction signal generator 1006 generates a reference phase angle signal φ _R
an element 172 that averages one or more phase angle signals φi to generate an average phase angle signal;
From this average phase angle signal, the reference phase angle signal φ _R
An apparatus comprising: a subtractor 174 for generating an error signal by subtracting , and an accumulator 176 for generating a correction signal having a value indicative of the sum of the error signals. 37 In the device according to claim 36, the phase angle generator 96 is configured to calculate the angle of each torque pulsation wave according to the instantaneous speed signal, where φ is the phase angle of the torque pulsation wave and A is a constant. The values Asinφ and Acosφ with values indicating the Fourier coefficients of sine and cosine
Elements 144, 146, which generate function signals indicating
150, 152, 160, 162, and a converter 164 for generating the phase angle signal from the function signal.
166, 168, and 170. 38. The apparatus of claim 37, wherein the transducer 164-170 comprises an element 168 for generating the phase angle signal having a value proportional to the angle φ, where the angle φ is arc tan(Asinφ /Acos
φ). 39. The apparatus according to claim 38, wherein the transducers 164-170 have a value Asinφ
A φ comparator 164 that compares Acosφ with the value Acosφ to generate a numerator signal indicating the function signal having the smaller value.
a divider 166 for generating a quotient signal by dividing a function signal having a smaller value by a function signal having a larger value; and an element 170 for converting the arctangent signal into the phase angle signal in accordance with the molecular signal, the molecular signal being smaller than the value of Acosφ.
When the molecular signal indicates a value of Asinφ, the phase angle signal has a value φ indicating φ=arc tan(Asinφ/Acosφ), and when the molecular signal indicates a value of Acosφ smaller than the value of Asinφ, the phase angle signal has a value φ=π/ A device characterized in that it has a value φ representing 2-arc tan(Acosφ/Asinφ). 40 In the device according to claim 37, the torque pulsating wave is measured over a predetermined rotation angle range of the output shaft according to its period, and the elements 144 to 162 generating the function signal are elements 144, 146 for detecting rotation of an output shaft and generating periodic identification signals indicative of output shaft rotational increments equal to one-fourth of the angular range of rotation of the output shaft; a periodic signal indicating the time required for the output shaft to sequentially rotate through the output shaft rotation increments;
Elements 150, 152 that generate P ₁ , P ₂ , P ₃ , P ₄
and the periodic signals P ₁ , P ₂ , P ₃ , P ₄ are expressed by the formula Asinφ1/N [(P ₁ − P ₃ )+(P ₂ −P ₄ )] Acosφ1/N [( P ₁ −P ₃ )−(P ₂ −P ₄ )]. 41. In the device according to claim 40, the adders 160, 162 have a value Asinφ
a first accumulator 16 for storing said function signal having
0, and a second accumulator 162 for storing a function signal having the value Acosφ, and the first accumulator 160 stores the periodic signal according to the formula AsinφP ₁ +P ₂ −P ₃ −P ₄ in accordance with a period identification signal. a first gate device (FIG. 20) that gates the periodic signal up to the second storage element 162 according to the equation AcosφP ₁ −P ₂ −P ₃ +P ₄ in accordance with the period identification signal; A second gate device (FIG. 20) for controlling. 42. The apparatus according to claim 12, wherein a closed-loop timing optimization control circuit is provided, the circuit comprising a first combustion chamber reference signal θ _CIS for generating a combustion chamber reference signal θ CIS at a predetermined rotational position of the output shaft. In the sensor, each combustion chamber reference signal θ _CIS is associated with the combustion chamber and has a predetermined relationship to the order in which the combustible mixture is combusted in each of the combustion chambers, and Room reference signal θ _CIS
a first sensor 38 for generating a speed signal characteristic of the instantaneous rotational speed of the output shaft of the engine; A correction signal generator (No. ₄₄
(Fig. 50), each of the timing correction signals is necessary for the maximum rotational speed to be transmitted to the output shaft at a predetermined angle with respect to the shaft position reference signal θr by the torque pulsation wave generated by each combustion chamber. A correction signal generator (44th
50), and an element (49th element) that generates a timing signal for controlling at least one timing function of the controller 1000 as a timing signal for controlling the internal combustion engine according to the combustion chamber reference signal.
A device characterized by comprising: 43. The device according to claim 42, wherein the element generating the timing signal comprises:
an element 704 for generating an injection angle signal in response to the combustion chamber reference signal θ _CIS indicating the angular rotational position of the output shaft for each combustion chamber to be supplied with fuel, and adding the injection angle signal to the timing correction signal; element 702 that generates a jet angle signal modified by
and an element (FIG. 49) for converting the modified injection angle signal into an injection time signal for each combustion chamber, each injection time signal being converted from the modified injection angle signal after each combustion chamber reference signal. each injection time signal is generated at a time proportional to the value of the signal.
0 controls the time at which a fuel supply signal for each combustion chamber is generated. 44. The device according to claim 43, wherein said element 704 for generating an injection angle signal
is also responsive to at least one other operating parameter of the internal combustion engine, and the value of the injection angle signal is a function of the at least one operating parameter of the internal combustion engine. 45. In the device according to claim 42, the internal combustion engine includes a spark plug in each combustion chamber that ignites a combustible mixture in response to an ignition signal, and the element generating the timing signal is a component of the internal combustion engine. in response to a signal from an internal combustion engine sensor indicative of at least one operating parameter and said reference signal, an angle measured from said reference signal at which an ignition angle signal is to be used to ignite the air-fuel mixture in each combustion chamber at that angle of rotation; Elements that generate an ignition angle signal indicative of (Fig. 50,
52), an element 942 for adding the timing modification signal to the firing angle signal to generate a modified firing angle signal, and applying the modified firing angle signal to each spark plug by applying a voltage to the spark plug. an element (FIG. 51) for converting the ignition signal into an ignition signal for igniting the combustible mixture in the combustion chamber, each ignition signal occurring at a time after the combustion chamber reference signal that is proportional to the value of the modified ignition angle signal; A device characterized by: