JPS648B2 - - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The present invention is particularly applicable to chicken, turkey, or chicken meat, which separates bones and meat by squeezing a bone-in meat mass charged in a cylindrical press chamber between a plunger and an opposing plunger of a press. This is a bone separating device for poultry meat or pieces of poultry meat, in which an opening is provided in the wall of the press chamber through which the meat that has become a paste can pass through to hold the bones in place, and both plungers are connected to a cylindrical part. and is slidable into the press chamber in the axial direction of the press chamber, one of the plungers being related to squeezing during the return stroke to open an outlet for ejecting the bone from the press chamber.

When separating meat adhering to the bones, if the pieces of meat, especially chicken meat, are large, the yield will be insufficient and there will be problems with functional problems. For example, it has been found that when pressing a single chicken, the skin blocks the filter openings of the press, thereby reducing the yield and even causing malfunctions. Attempts have been made to address this drawback by constructing an opposing plunger with a pointed head towards the pressure plunger. This is because it was thought that this configuration would increase the pressure acting on the material to be pressed in the radial direction of the press chamber. However, the filter is still blocked, and when both plungers are at their end positions and closest to each other, a dead space still remains between the conical tip of the opposing plunger and the pressurizing plunger, and this dead space cannot be completely controlled. I found out that I can't do it.

The invention is based on the recognition that this malfunction and other problems are caused by the ring filter used in known presses and the insufficient movement of the pressed material. The purpose of the present invention is to
The aim is to eliminate the aforementioned drawbacks and prevent malfunctions of the machine while at the same time increasing its efficiency, making it possible to obtain higher meat yields than with known devices. To this end, the invention provides that both plungers have a trapezoidal front face, the dimensions of which are smaller than the front face of the press chamber in the radial direction of the press chamber, and that at least one of the plungers has a port formed by a perforated filter. This is achieved by having at least one grinding edge. The trapezoidal front faces of the two plungers eliminate the dead space mentioned at the outset, and during the compression of the material to be pressed, the two plungers can be so close together that only a small amount of compressed bone fragments remain between them. The grinding edge rubs clean the openings formed by the porous filter. This effect complements the cleaning effect produced by pressure in the longitudinal direction of the press chamber along the openings of the porous filter.
Surprisingly, it has been found that this additional cleaning effect only appears in the case of porous filters. This filter has a cylindrical inner surface and is provided with a port, and its cross section is at least approximately circular. In the past, ring filters were almost always used in which ports were formed by slits between each two adjacent rings; I can't get it to open. When using the device, it is desirable to apply pressure to the compressed material through the openings of the porous filter and move it in the direction of the outlet, preferably several times. This cleans the openings of the porous filter and at the same time always provides fresh, unobstructed openings of the porous filter for the material to be pressed. This results in higher yields and significantly improved functional reliability compared to known devices.

The device according to the invention can also advantageously be operated as follows. That is, push out the opposing plunger to put the amount of material to be pressed into the press chamber, move the pressure plunger to perform compression, then move the pressure plunger back and put the material to be pressed into the press chamber anew, and then press the material to be pressed into the press chamber. The press is carried out along with the rest of the pressed material. In this case, at the latest during this compression, the opposing plunger is slightly retracted. This squeezing is then repeated one or more times if necessary. The opposing piston is moved back at least a little during each stroke of the plunger. Finally, both plungers pressurize the object and move it in the direction of the outlet until the outlet is opened. This means that, unlike known methods, instead of completely squeezing the charge loaded into the press chamber and removing the residue before placing the next charge into the press chamber, the press chamber is gradually loaded with multiple charges. or its residue is collected. This allows sufficient meat to be removed from the residue of the initially charged charge so that the bone residue of this charge is virtually free of meat. The dried residue is then carried under pressure along the openings of the porous filter and is rubbed open. In other words, even if a certain part of the object to be pressed has virtually no flesh on it, this certain part is not wasted because the port of the porous filter is scraped open.

Within the scope of the invention, both plungers preferably have a slightly concave front face, which facilitates the cutting off of the bone residue.

Preferably, according to the invention, it is arranged such that the stroke of at least one plunger with a grinding edge extends over the entire port of the porous filter, in order to ensure that the aforementioned cleaning effect operates over the entire opening of the porous filter. It is particularly advantageous if the strokes of the two plungers overlap at least in the area of the porous filter, since this results in the pressed material and the grinding edge acting best on the openings of the porous filter.

Within the framework of the present invention, the porous filter preferably consists of a thin-walled jacket in which circular holes are bored, the axes of the circular holes being arranged on a plurality of circles spaced apart in the axial direction of the porous filter, each of which An annular reinforcing rib is provided on the outer surface of the jacket, coaxial with the filter and between each two said circles. This is because the pore diameter of porous filters is generally extremely small, mainly 1.2~
The reason for this is that it is within the 2mm range. However, holes with a diameter of approximately 1.5 mm cannot be reliably or reasonably drilled into thick materials. Therefore, a thin-walled jacket material must be used as the porous filter, but then there is a risk that the thin-walled porous filter will not be able to withstand the pressure generated. This risk is addressed by the present invention by means of reinforcing ribs. In this case, although it may be possible to construct the filter from an appropriately shaped ring, it is preferable to construct the porous filter in one piece.

In order to be able to use the device not only for the pressing of poultry meat, but also for the pressing of pork and beef bones, within the framework of the invention the trapezoidal front face of the opposing plunger is supported by a removable extension. It is proposed to make the front surface replaceable with a member supporting the pointed front surface. Correspondingly, in this case the pressure plunger is arranged in such a way that the trapezoidal front surface of the plunger is supported by the removable extension. This results in
With only a small expenditure of time and materials, the equipment can be converted to suit the type of material to be pressed.

Although the grinding edges can be formed on the front face of the plunger itself, it is preferred that at least one grinding edge is formed by a sleeve, in particular a plastic sleeve, extending radially above the front face. For example, polyamides, polyurethanes, etc. are known as suitable plastics suitable for food products.

Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings schematically showing embodiments of the present invention.

As shown in FIG. 1, the device has a frame 1 in which a press chamber 2 having a horizontal axis is arranged. Bone-in meat to be pressed can be charged into the press chamber through the potper 3. A pressurizing plunger 4 and an opposing plunger 5 are installed in the press chamber 2.
are properly guided, and both front surfaces of the press chamber 2 are sealed. When in the fully retracted position, the opposing plunger 5 opens the outlet 6 for compressed bone, and the compressed bone fragments are discharged from the outlet by the pressure plunger 4. Both plungers 4, 5 are actuated by hydraulic cylinders 7 or 8 fixed in the frame 1, preferably hydraulically. When the pressurizing plunger 4 is in the fully retracted position, the pressurizing plunger 4 moves from the hopper 3 to the press chamber 2.
The opening leading to the press chamber 2 is opened, and the pressed material charged into the hopper 3 can reach the press chamber 2 without any hindrance. Two porous filters 9, 10 are provided one after the other to form the walls of the press chamber 2 and are held between two fixed walls 11, 12 of the frame 1. One of the porous filters 10 is shown in an enlarged view in FIG. Both porous filters 9 and 10 are surrounded by a collecting cylinder 13 for meat made into a paste state by applying pressure, and a connecting port 14 for connecting a hose (not shown) is bored in the collecting cylinder. The hose allows the meat to be fed into a container, for example a transport vehicle 15.

The porous filter 10 (FIG. 2) is constructed in one piece and has a relatively thin jacket 16. The jacket forms a mounting flange 17 at one end of the porous filter 10. A number of ports 18 are provided in the jacket 16 through which the pasty meat can pass, but the bones are held back. Jacket 16 has a diameter of approximately 1.2 to 2.0 mm,
Each port 18 is preferably drilled with a hole of approximately 1.5 mm.
form. The ports 18 are concentric with the axis 19 of the porous filter 10 and are arranged on a plurality of equally spaced circles. The ports 18 are evenly distributed along each circle. Between each of the two said circles, an annular rib 20 is provided on the outer surface of the jacket 16, by means of which the jacket 20, which receives the pressing force generated in the press chamber 2, is reinforced. In this way, the required strength is imparted to the integrated porous filter 10.

The plungers cooperating with the porous filter 10, that is, the pressurizing plunger 4 and the opposing plunger 5, are provided as a third plunger.
An enlarged view is shown in the figure. The porous filter is only shown schematically, and its ribs 20 are omitted for clarity.

The pressure plunger 4 is fixed to the piston rod 21 by an extension bolt 22, which is screwed into a threaded hole provided at the front end of the piston rod 21. An extension member 23 is fitted onto the extension bolt 22, and a plastic sleeve 25 is provided between the extension member and the piston rod 21 along the stepped fitting portion at the end of the piston rod, and a grinding edge 26 is formed by both front edges of the sleeve. The edge cleans the port 18 with each stroke of the pressure plunger 4. A similarly configured sleeve 27 is attached to the extension member 23.
The pressurizing plunger 4 is placed on the stepped fitting portion 28 of the
Pressure plate 30 forming a slightly concave front surface 29 of
to hold the sleeve. The pressure plate is screwed onto the extension bolt 22 by a central countersunk head screw 31. The two sleeves 25 , 27 form a guide for guiding the pressure plunger 4 in the wall of the press chamber 2 formed by the porous filter 10 .
The parts constituting the pressurizing plunger 4 are shown in an exploded view in FIG. The dowel pin 32 of the piston rod 21 prevents the extension member 23 from rotating relative to the piston rod 21.

The counter-plunger 5 also has an extension member 33 which fits into the flange 34 of the piston rod 35 and is secured by screws 37 using two half-shells 36. The extension part 33 has a plastic sleeve 39 on the fitting part 38, which sleeve has a guide for guiding the opposing plunger 5 in the wall of the press chamber 2 and two grinding edges 26 for the port 18 of the porous filter 10. are formed at the same time. The sleeve 39 is held at the front end of the opposing plunger 5 by a pressure plate 40 which is screwed onto the front end of the extension member 33 with a countersunk head screw 41. Front side 4 of pressure plate 40
2 has a slightly convex shape so that the pressed bone press cake can be easily separated.

As is clear from the figure, the sleeves 25, 27,
39 projects somewhat outward in the radial direction from the circumferential surfaces of the pressure plates 30 and 40 in order to make the grinding edge 26 work effectively.

The operation is preferably carried out as follows. Both plungers 4 and 5 are first moved to the rightmost position (as seen in Fig. 1), and then the object to be squeezed for one time is moved to the hopper 3.
Then, the press chamber 2 is loaded and the pressurizing plunger 4 is pushed out. Meat is squeezed out from a porous filter 9 adjacent to the hopper. It is desirable that the port 18 of the porous filter 9 be somewhat larger than the port of the porous filter 10. The preferred diameter value of the porous filter 9 is about 1.5 to 2.0 mm, and the preferable diameter value of the porous filter 10 is about 1.2 to 1.5 mm.
It is. After squeezing the first charge, the pressure plunger is retracted and the next charge is loaded into the press chamber 2, where it is squeezed together with the residue of the first charge. At this time, the opposing plunger 5 is slightly retracted to open another port 18. at the same time,
The aforementioned backward and forward movement of the pressure plunger 4 clears at least a portion of the port 18. After the pressurizing plunger 4 retreats, the next charge is further charged into the press chamber 2 and compression is performed again. The opposing plunger 5 is slightly retracted again. The above process is repeated several times, and the remaining press residue is finally discharged from the discharge port 6. This discharge is done by plungers 4 and 5.
are performed by moving the plunger 5 in the same direction toward the discharge port 6 until the plunger 5 opens the discharge port 6. Since the pressing force is maintained while both plungers 4 and 5 are moving in the same direction, the press cake can be squeezed and squeezed even during this final movement in the direction of the outlet 6.
Therefore, the remaining pieces of meat are obtained. The pressed cake residue discharged from the outlet 6 falls via a chute 43 into another transport vehicle 44 .

In a variant embodiment of the invention, the opposite plunger 5 is also moved in the direction of the hopper 3 after each charge is squeezed, ie each charge is squeezed by simultaneous movement of both plungers in both directions. This further improves port scraping.

As is clear from FIGS. 4 and 5, this device can be easily converted to suit the purpose of compressing pig or cow bones. At that time, it is necessary to attach members 22, 23, 2 to the pressurizing plunger (Fig. 4).
7 and, if necessary, 30 and fixing on the front side of the piston rod 21 another pressure plate 45 or, if necessary, also pressure plate 30. It is only necessary to attach members 33, 39, and 40 to the opposing plunger (FIG. 5). Instead of the pressure plate 40, a counter-plunger 47 with a conical point 46 is fixed to the flange 34 of the piston rod 35 by means of two half shells 36 or screws 37. Optionally both or only one of the porous filters 9, 10 can be replaced by ring filters with circumferentially extending grooves between adjacent rings. This type of ring filter is generally better suited for compressing meaty bones of pigs and cows than porous filters.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

Figure 1 is a vertical sectional view of this device, Figure 2 is a partially sectional view of the porous filter, Figure 3 is an enlarged axial cross-sectional view of both plungers, and Figure 4 is the configuration and equipment of the pressure plunger. FIG. 5 is an exploded view showing the configuration of the opposing plunger and equipment conversion. 2... Press chamber, 4... Pressurizing plunger, 5...
...Opposed plunger, 6...Discharge port, 9, 10...
Porous filter, 18... port, 26... ground edge, 29, 42... front.

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. A method for separating bone and meat by squeezing a bone-in meat mass charged in a cylindrical press chamber between a plunger and an opposing plunger of a press, especially chicken, turkey, or a part thereof. A bone separating device for poultry meat or pieces of poultry meat, characterized in that an opening is provided in the wall of the press chamber through which the meat that has become a paste can pass through to hold the bones in place, and both plungers have a cylindrical portion. It is slidable into the press chamber in the axial direction of the press chamber, and one of the plungers opens an outlet for discharging compressed bone from the press chamber during the return stroke, and both plungers 4 and 5 have a trapezoidal front surface. 29, 42, the dimensions of which are smaller than the front faces of the press chamber, viewed in the radial direction of the press chamber, at least one of the plungers has at least one attrition port 18 formed by a perforated filter 9, 10. A device characterized in that it has an edge 26. 2. Device according to claim 1, characterized in that both plungers 4, 5 have slightly convex front faces 29, 42. 3. The stroke of at least one plunger 4, 5 with the grinding edge 26 extends over the entire port 18 of the porous filter 9, 10. The device described in. 4. Device according to claim 1, 2 or 3, characterized in that the strokes of both plungers 4, 5 overlap at least in the area of the porous filters 9, 10. 5 supports a trapezoidal front face 42 of the opposing plunger 5 by a removable extension 33, which front face is connected to the pointed head 4;
5. Device according to claim 1, characterized in that it is replaceable with a member having a plunger 6, for example a plunger 47. 6. Device according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that the trapezoidal front face 29 of the pressure plunger 4 is supported by a removable extension 23. 7 sleeves 25, 27 extending radially upward from the front surface 29 or 42 of the plungers 4, 5;
39. Device according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that at least one grinding edge (26) is formed preferably by a plastic sleeve. 8 At least one porous filter 9, 10,
It is composed of a thin jacket 16 in which a circular hole is bored, and the axis of the circular hole is arranged on a plurality of circles spaced apart in the axial direction of the porous filter, and each of the circles is coaxial with the axis 19 of the porous filter. , an annular reinforcing rib 20 on the outer surface of the jacket 16 between each two said circles.
An apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that it is provided with: 9. The device according to claim 8, characterized in that the porous filters 9 and 10 are integrally constructed.