JPS648049B2 - - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION (Field of Industrial Application) The present invention relates to a method for remelting and hardening iron-based members such as camshafts.

(Prior art) It is possible to re-melt the cam lift part of a camshaft using a plasma arc, etc., and then rapidly cool the re-melted part to chill it, thereby increasing the hardness of the surface of the cam lift part and improving its wear resistance. Are known.

When performing such remelting hardening treatment on a member to be treated such as a camshaft, the part to be remelted must be
Preheating to about 200 to 450 degrees is necessary to achieve uniform melting and uniform hardness.

For this reason, in the past, a remelting and hardening treatment device and a preheating device were installed separately, and the workpiece to be processed was first set in the preheating device, and after preheating it to a predetermined temperature, the workpiece was removed from the preheating device. After removing and transporting the preheated workpiece to the remelting hardening equipment by a conveying device connecting the preheating equipment and the remelting hardening equipment, and then setting the workpiece in the remelting hardening equipment, It is then subjected to remelting and hardening treatment.

(Problems to be Solved by the Invention) As mentioned above, in the conventional case, the remelting and hardening treatment equipment and the preheating equipment are installed separately, so the volume occupied by the entire equipment is large, and the amount of space required for the preheating equipment is increased. It is necessary to perform the setting and remelting hardening processing equipment individually, which is cumbersome and time consuming.Furthermore, according to the conventional method, the preheated workpiece is transported from the preheating equipment to the remelting hardening processing equipment. During this time, the member to be treated is cooled or the temperature varies, causing problems such as the inability to form a uniform chilled layer with a predetermined hardness.

(Means for Solving the Problems) In order to solve the above problems, the present invention has an arm attached to a rotating shaft that rotates intermittently at a predetermined angle.
In this arm, which is provided with a clamping mechanism for the workpiece at the tip, the workpiece loading/unloading station, preheating station, and Heating stations are arranged at equal intervals,
The loading and unloading station faces the loading and unloading members of the workpiece, the preheating station is equipped with a preheating device that preheats the workpiece by electrical heating, and the heating station remelts and hardens the workpiece using a processing torch. Place the heating device to be processed, and during the preheating process at the preheating station,
Both ends of the workpiece are held by the holding members of the preheating device and released from the grip by the clamp mechanism, and the workpiece is electrically heated to perform preheating treatment, and during the remelting and hardening process at the heating station, both ends of the workpiece are held by the holding members of the preheating device. Both ends of the workpiece are held by a chuck device placed in the section, and the grip by the clamp mechanism is released, and the workpiece is rotated around its axis by the rotation of the chuck device, and the workpiece is remelted and hardened using a torch. It is characterized by

(Example) Examples of the present invention will be described below based on the accompanying drawings.

FIG. 1 is a side view of a remelting hardening processing apparatus according to the present invention, and FIG. 2 is a front view of the same apparatus. FIG. 3 is a plan view of the same apparatus. The remelting and hardening apparatus 1 has a frame 2 erected on the floor, a support box 3 containing a power supply etc. is fixed to this frame 2, and a A control box 4 is disposed above the control box 4, a cooling device 5 is disposed above the control box 4, and plasma power supply boxes 6, 6 are disposed on the left and right sides of the cooling device 5.

In addition, the remelting and hardening processing apparatus 1 includes a loading and unloading station S ₁ for loading and unloading the workpiece W such as a camshaft, a preheating station S 2 for preheating the workpiece W, and a remelting station S ₂ for remelting the workpiece W. A rotating shaft 7 is disposed at an intermediate position between each of these stations S ₁ , S _{2 ,} and S ₃ . The rotary shaft 7 is rotated via a motor 8 fixed to the support box 3 and a speed reduction mechanism, and the amount of rotation is intermittently rotated by, for example, 120 degrees in response to a signal from the control box 4.

A case 9 having a substantially hexagonal shape when viewed from the side is provided at the center of the rotating shaft 7, and three arms 10 protrude outward from the case 9. These arms 10 are attached at a distance of 120 degrees from each other, and a clamp mechanism 11 is provided at the tip of each arm 10.

As shown in FIG.
a, 10a, and these left and right members 10
The intermediate parts of fingers 14, 15 are pivotally connected to the tips of fingers 14, 10a, and the rear ends of these fingers 14, 15 are connected to the rod 13 through links 16, 16.
By operating the cylinder unit 12 and causing the rod 13 to make a protruding movement, the fingers 14 and 15 are opened, the gripping state of the workpiece W is released, and the rod 13 is made to make a retracting movement. The fingers 14 and 15 are closed to grip the workpiece W. The tip of one finger 15 is a bifurcated portion 15 facing the workpiece W.
a, even if the fingers 14 and 15 are slightly opened, the workpiece W to be processed does not fall, and is held rotatably between the bifurcated portion 15a and the finger 14, and the workpiece W is held rotatably between the forked part 15a and the finger 14, and the workpiece W is closed when the fingers 14 and 15 are closed. When the workpiece W is clamped, the workpiece W is clamped at three points.
is clamped so that the center of the workpiece W is always kept constant. By rotating the rotating shaft 7, the rotation trajectory of the clamp mechanism 11 is made to substantially pass through each station S ₁ , S ₂ , and S ₃ of the apparatus.

Further, a rail member 17 is fixed to the front surface of the upper horizontal frame 2a of the frame 2, and this rail member 1
7 is engaged with a traveling head 18. A motor 19 is attached to the traveling head 18, and this motor 1
9 causes the running head 18 to move laterally along the rail member 17 via the rack and pinion mechanism.

The traveling head 18 is provided with a loading member 20 for transporting unprocessed workpieces W to the loading/discharging station _S1 , and a discharging member 21 for discharging processed workpieces W from the loading/discharging station _S1 . The loading member 20 consists of a cylinder unit 22 fixed to the traveling head 18 and a clamp mechanism 23 provided at the rod end of the cylinder unit 22. When the cylinder unit 22 is operated, the clamp mechanism 23 moves to the loading/discharging station S. ₁
and a position above and in front of this station _S1 . Further, the dispensing member 21 is the input member 2.
0, the cylinder unit 24 is fixed to the traveling head 18, and the clamp mechanism 25 is provided at the end of the rod of this cylinder unit 24. When the cylinder unit 24 is operated, the clamp mechanism 25 is connected to the loading/discharging station _S1 . It moves up and down between the station _S1 and the position directly above it.

Further, a delivery member 26 is provided below the input/discharge station _S1 . This transfer member 26 has an intermediate portion of an arm 27 swingably attached to a flange portion 27a protruding forward from the front surface of the support box 3, and the lower end of this arm 27 is connected to a rod of a cylinder unit 28 fixed to the support box 3. However, when the cylinder unit 28 is operated, the arm 27 swings back and forth (left and right in FIG. 1) centering on the intermediate portion. A chuck mechanism 29 is provided at the upper end of the arm 27, and when the arm 27 swings due to the operation of the cylinder unit 28, the chuck mechanism 29 connects the arm 1.
The clamping mechanism 11 is moved between the rotation locus of the clamping mechanism 11 provided at the tip thereof and the clamping mechanisms 23 and 25 at the lowering ends of the inputting member 20 and the discharging member 21.

Furthermore, in the preheating station _S2 , as shown in FIG.
As shown in FIG. 5, an energizing heating device 32 as a preheating device is attached to the tip of the rod 31 of these cylinder units 30.

This energization heating device 32 includes a cylindrical main body 33, a piston body 34 that is slidably disposed within the cylindrical main body 33, and a holding member 3 that holds the end of the workpiece W to be processed.
5 and a conductive member 3 that comes into contact with the end surface of the member W to be processed.
6, and the cylindrical main body 33 has a first cylindrical body 33a, a second cylindrical body 33b, and a third cylindrical body 33c.
The first cylindrical body 33a is fixed to the distal end surface of the rod 31 with a bolt 38 via an insulating material 37, and the second cylindrical body 33b is attached to the front surface of the first cylindrical body 33a with a bolt 39. This second
A space 40 is formed between the rear surface of the first cylindrical body 33b and the front surface of the first cylindrical body 33a. Also, the second cylindrical body 33
A third cylindrical body 33c is attached to b via a tightening member 41. That is, the third cylindrical body 33c has a flange portion 42 formed in the middle portion, and this flange portion 4
The position is determined by inserting the pin 45 into the hole 43 formed in the second cylinder body 2 and the hole 44 formed in the front surface of the second cylinder body 33b.
6 is carved into the outer periphery of the second cylindrical body 33b.
7, the flange portion 48 of the tightening member 41 connects the flange portion 42 of the third cylinder 33c to the second
It is fixed by pressing it against the cylindrical body 33b side.

Further, the front end of the third cylindrical body 33c has an enlarged portion 49.
A fixing member 50 is fixed to this enlarged portion 49 with bolts 51, and this fixing member 50 and enlarged portion 4
A flange portion 52 protruding outward of the holding member 35 is sandwiched between the holding member 9 and the holding member 35 . and holding member 3
A flange portion 53 that protrudes inward is formed at the front end of 5, and the workpiece W is disposed inside this flange portion 53.
It forms an opening into which the end of the tube is inserted.

On the other hand, the piston body 34 consists of a first piston body 34a and a second piston body 34b fixed to the tip of the first piston body 34a with a bolt 54. The rear end faces into a space 40 formed between the front surface of the first cylindrical body 33a and the rear surface of the second cylindrical body 33b. Here, a sixth cylinder is provided on the rear surface of the second cylinder 33b.
As shown in the figure, a stacked body 56 of steel plates connected to a power source is attached by a bolt 55, and an intermediate portion of this stacked body 56 is attached to the rear end surface of the first piston body 34a by a bolt 57.

Furthermore, a spring 58 is provided inside the first cylindrical body 33a.
The front end of the spring 58 is supported by a spring seat 59, and the head 57a of the bolt 57 comes into contact with the spring seat 59.

The elastic force of the spring 58 urges the piston body 34 forward to the extent that the laminated body 56 bends, and this urging force causes the conductive member 36 disposed within the holding member 35 to move toward the workpiece W. press against the end face of

Here, a conductive plate 60 that is difficult to oxidize, such as a silver plate, is provided at the contact portion of the conductive member 36 with the end surface of the workpiece W, and an end face of the flange Wa of the workpiece W of the flange portion 53 of the holding member 35 is provided. A conductive plate 60 is also provided on the contact surface with.

Further, the heating station _S3 includes a heating device 6.
1 is placed. The heating device 61 has a column 62 erected on the support box 3, and a pair of support plates 63, 63 spaced apart laterally are attached to the column 62.
As shown in FIG. 6, a first motor 64 and a second motor 65 are fixed to the outside of these support plates 63, 63, and a case 67 is further attached between the support plates 63, 63 via a stay 66. .

A pair of first moving tables 68 and a second moving table 69 are provided inside the case 67, and these moving tables 6
A plasma torch 70 connected to the plasma power source 6 is attached to the lower ends of the plasma generators 8 and 69. Further, guide rods 71 and 71 installed laterally within the case 67 pass through the movable bases 68 and 69, and the guide rods 71 and 71 extend through the movable bases 68 and 69 via linear slide bearings 72.
8 and 69 are slidable along the guide rod 71.

Further, a ball screw 73 and a spline rod 74 commonly pass through the movable tables 68 and 69, and these ball screws 73 and spline rods 74 are rotatably supported by the case 67.
One end of the spline rod 74 is connected to the drive shaft 64a of the first motor 64, and one end of the spline rod 74 is connected to the drive shaft 64a of the first motor 64.
The drive shaft 65a of the motor 65 is connected to the drive shaft 65a of the motor 65. The first ball nut 7 is attached to the ball screw 73.
5 and a second ball nut 76 are screwed together, the first ball nut 75 is fixed to the first moving table 68, and the second ball nut 76 is fixed to an inner sleeve 77 which is a rotating body. This inner sleeve 77 is rotatably fitted onto the ball screw 73 and is also rotatable through a bearing 79 with respect to an outer sleeve 78 fixed to the second moving table 69 . axial movement is restricted.

Furthermore, a gear 80 is provided at one end of the inner sleeve 77.
are spline-fitted, and this gear 80 and the gear 81 fitted to the spline rod 74 are meshed with each other. In addition, 82... in Figure 6 is a dust seal,
83 is a stopper.

In the above, when the first motor 64 is driven, the ball screw 73 rotates, and this ball screw 7
3 rotates, the first ball nut 75 and the second
ball nut 76 tries to rotate. However, the first ball nut 75 is fixed to the first moving table 68, and the second ball nut 76 is fixed to the inner sleeve 77, and a gear 80 is fitted into the inner sleeve 77. motor 65 (not running at the moment)
As a result, both the first ball nut 75 and the second ball nut 76 do not rotate, but instead spiral along the ball screw 73. As a result, the first moving table 68 and the second moving table 69 move synchronously.

Further, when the second motor 65 is driven, the spline rod 74 rotates, and the rotation of the spline rod 74 rotates the gears 81 and 80.
The rotation of the inner sleeve 77 and the second ball nut 76 rotates. However, ball screw 7
3 does not rotate, the second ball nut 76 rotates and spirals along the ball lunge 73, and as a result, only the second moving table 69 moves leftward or rightward.

In this way, the first and second movable tables 68, 69
Since the plasma torches 70 and 70 can be moved in synchronization with each other, the plasma torches 70 and 70 do not interfere with each other, and it is also possible to move only the second moving table 69, so for example, the cam lift part of the camshaft can be reassembled in two places at the same time. In the melting process, even if the intervals between the cam lift parts are different in one camshaft, the remelting process can be performed efficiently.

Incidentally, an alloy powder supply unit 84 is mounted on the pillar 62.
is arranged so that the high hardness alloy powder from this unit 84 is supplied into the plasma arc.

Further, a laser position detection device 85 is arranged behind the plasma torch 70, and this position detection device 85
detects the end face of the cam portion of the camshaft, which is the workpiece W to be processed, and moves the plasma torch 70 in the axial direction using a signal from the position detection device 85 so that the cam portion is accurately positioned in the arc from the plasma torch 70. I try to let them do it.

Further, chuck devices 86, 86 are disposed on both sides of the heating station _S3 below the plasma torch 70, and these chuck devices 86, 86 hold both ends of the workpiece W to be processed, and also a motor 87 and a deceleration mechanism. By rotating the chuck device 86 via the chuck device 86, the workpiece W to be processed is rotated around the axis.

Remelting and hardening processing apparatus 1 having the above configuration
The effect of is described below. In addition, when explaining,
The description will be made starting from a state in which the clamp device 11 at the tip of each arm 10 does not grip the workpiece W to be processed.

First, by driving the motor 19, the traveling head 18 is moved in the direction perpendicular to the plane of the paper in FIG. The processing member W is grasped approximately at the center, and the motor 19 is driven again to move the traveling head 18 to the center of the apparatus 1.

Next, the cylinder unit 22 of the input member 20
is activated to lower the clamp mechanism 23 diagonally downward, and the workpiece W held by the clamp mechanism 23 is transferred to the chuck mechanism 29 of the transfer member 26.

Then, the cylinder unit 28 is actuated and the arm 27 of the transfer member 26 swings clockwise in FIG. This overlaps with the rotation locus of the clamp mechanism 11.

Therefore, while gripping the workpiece W with the clamp mechanism 11 provided at the tip of the arm 10, the gripping state of the chuck mechanism 29 is released, and the arm 1
The workpiece W to be processed is delivered to the clamp mechanism 11 of No. 0.

Thereafter, the rotating shaft 7 is rotated 120 degrees counterclockwise in FIG. 1, and the workpiece W to be processed is positioned at the preheating station _S2 . Specifically, the rotating shaft 7 rotates 120 degrees,
When the clamp mechanism 11 reaches the lowest position, the rotation of the rotating shaft 7 is stopped, and both ends of the workpiece W are held by the holding member 35 of the energization heating device 32 so that the clamp mechanism 11 can no longer grip it. At the same time, the laminate 5 of the energization heating device 32
6. Electrify the workpiece W through the piston body 34 and the conductive member 36 to increase the workpiece W from 200 to 450
Preheat to about ℃.

After the preheating is completed, the energization heating device 3
2, the member to be processed W is gripped by the clamp mechanism 11, and the rotary shaft 7 is again rotated by 120 degrees counterclockwise in FIG. 1 to position the member W to be processed at the heating station _S3 . Then, the chuck devices 86 arranged on both sides of the heating station _S3 ,
86 hold both ends of the member W to be processed.

Next, the plasma torches 70, 70 move up and down and left and right, so that the tips of the torches face the part of the workpiece W to be remelted. Specifically, when the workpiece W is a camshaft, the tips of the plasma torches 70, 70 are arranged to face one end of the cam lift.

When the plasma torches 70, 70 are positioned at predetermined positions, the gripping state by the clamp mechanism 11 is loosened, and the chuck device 86 is rotated by driving the motor 87.
While the workpiece W is rotated around the axis by rotation 6, a predetermined portion of the workpiece W is remelted by the plasma arc from the plasma torches 70, 70. Furthermore, the melting depth at this time is shallow and only the surface portion is melted, so after melting, heat is rapidly transferred to other parts than the molten part, and the material is rapidly cooled and chilled by self-cooling, resulting in high hardness and wear resistance. Forms a part of the body that is excellent in sex.

Thereafter, the rotating shaft 7 is further rotated counterclockwise by 120 degrees, and the processed workpiece W is positioned at the input/output station _S1 . Then, the delivery member 26 swings clockwise, and the chuck mechanism 29 of the delivery member 26 removes the processed workpiece W.
At the same time, the gripping state by the clamp mechanism 11 is released, and the workpiece W is transferred to the transfer member 26.
hand it over to Next, the arm 27 of the transfer member 26 is swung counterclockwise by a predetermined angle due to the operation of the cylinder unit 28, and the workpiece W to be processed is moved to the clamp mechanism 1.
Take it out of the rotation trajectory of 1.

When the workpiece W is taken out of the rotation locus of the clamp mechanism 11, the delivery member 21
The cylinder unit 24 is activated to lower the clamp mechanism 25 and grip the workpiece W at its lowered end. In addition, the dispensing member 21 and the inputting member 2
0 and 0 at the same time, so that they do not interfere with each other at the lower end.

In this way, after the processed workpiece W is gripped by the clamp mechanism 25 of the dispensing member 21, the cylinder unit 24 is activated to pull the workpiece upward, and the motor 19 is driven to move the workpiece W to the traveling head. The whole 18 moves and transports the processed member W to the next process or the like.

By repeating the above operations, the object to be treated can be continuously remelted and hardened at the same location.

(Effects of the Invention) As explained above, according to the remelting hardening treatment method according to the present invention, one device can carry in an unprocessed member, preheat the member to be processed, remelt and rapidly cool the member to be processed. It is extremely efficient because it is capable of curing and even discharging the processed member.

In addition, an arm equipped with a clamping mechanism is attached to one rotating shaft, and by intermittently rotating the rotating shaft, the workpiece gripped by the clamping mechanism is sequentially moved to the loading/unloading station, preheating station, and heating station. I decided to move it, so
There is no need to install a special conveyance device like in the past,
In addition, since the preheated member to be treated can be immediately heat-treated, the thickness and hardness of the formed chilled layer can be made uniform.

Furthermore, preheating of the member to be processed by electrical heating and remelting and hardening of the next member to be processed, which involves rotation around an axis, can be smoothly performed.

Moreover, since there is no need to separately install a preheating device and a conveyance device for the entire device, many effects such as efficient use of space can be achieved.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

Fig. 1 is a side view of the remelting hardening processing apparatus according to the present invention, Fig. 2 is a front view of the apparatus, Fig. 3 is a plan view of the apparatus, Fig. 4 is an enlarged view of the clamp mechanism, and Fig. 5
The figure is a sectional view of the preheating device, and FIG. 6 is a sectional view showing the moving mechanism of the heating device. In the drawings, 1 is a remelting hardening treatment device, 3 is a support box, 7 is a rotating shaft, 10 is an arm, 11, 2
3, 25 is a clamp mechanism, 18 is a traveling head, 2
0 is a charging member, 21 is a dispensing member, 26 is a delivery member, 32 is a preheating device, 61 is a heating device, 70
is a plasma torch, 85 is a cooling air jet nozzle, 8
6 is a chuck device, _S1 is an input/discharge station, _S2 is a preheating station, _S3 is a heating station, and W is a member to be processed.

Claims (1)

[Scope of Claims] 1. An arm is attached to a rotating shaft that rotates intermittently by a predetermined angle, and a clamping mechanism for a workpiece is provided at the tip of the arm, wherein the clamping mechanism accompanies the rotation of the rotating shaft. A loading/unloading station for the workpiece to be processed, a preheating station, and a heating station are arranged at equal intervals at a location substantially coinciding with the rotation locus of the workpiece, and the loading/unloading member for the workpiece to be processed faces the loading/unloading station. The preheating station is equipped with a preheating device that preheats the workpiece by electrical heating, and the heating station is equipped with a heating device that remelts and hardens the workpiece with a processing torch. The holding members hold both ends of the workpiece to release the grip by the clamp mechanism, and the workpiece is electrically heated to preheat the workpiece. During the remelting and hardening process at the heating station, the workpiece is placed on both sides of the heating device. The chuck device holds both ends of the workpiece to release the grip by the clamp mechanism, and the workpiece is rotated around its axis by the rotation of the chuck device, and the workpiece is remelted and hardened using a torch. Re-melt hardening treatment method.