JPS6230814A - Electrical heater - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To reduce electrical heating time and to heat uniformly a cam shaft with good thermal efficiency by using a specifically constructed electrical heater for preheating part of a cam shaft by electrical conduction prior to hardening by remelting with a plasma arc. CONSTITUTION:Part of the cam shaft is remelted by the plasma arc and is quickly cooled to improve the hardness and wear resistance. The cam shaft is preliminarily electrically preheated to 200-450 deg.C in this stage. The cam shaft W is gripped by a clamping mechanism 23 and is lowered so as to be transferred to a clamping mechanism 11 of an ejection station S1 in common use for introduction. The mechanism is then rotated 120 deg. in a counterclockwise direction to move the cam shaft to a preheating station S2 where both ends of the cam shaft are held by a holding member of an electrical heater. An electrical conduction member is pressed and fixed to the flange part as well and electricity is conducted from both of the end and flange parts to preheat uniformly the cam shaft in a short period. The cam shaft is moved to a heating station S3 where the cam lift prt is remelted by a plasma torch 70 and is then quickly cooled and chilled by self-cooling to improve the hardness and wear resistance thereof.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION (Field of Industrial Application) The present invention relates to an electrical heating device used for preheating as a pretreatment when remelting and hardening the surface of an iron-based member.

(Prior technology) The cam lift part of the camshaft is remelted using a plasma arc, etc., and the remelted part is chilled by rapidly cooling it to increase the hardness of the surface of the cam lift part and improve its wear resistance. I can get what I want to do.

In this way, in order to remelt a part of the camshaft using a plasma arc or the like, the camshaft must be heated to
Preheating to about 450° C. is necessary for uniform melting and efficiency.

A single current heating device is generally used for such preheating. A pair of these current heating devices are prepared, and each is attached to the rod of the cylinder unit, and both ends of the camshaft are held by the operation of the cylinder unit. They are brought into contact and energized, and this energization causes them to heat up.

(Problems to be Solved by the Invention) As described above, in the conventional electrical heating device, one electrically conductive member is brought into contact with one end surface of the camshaft. However, even when heating a camshaft that has flanges at both ends, for example, using one conductive member at each end of the camshaft will result in heating of the entire camshaft due to the shape of the flanges, etc. There are problems in that it takes a long time to heat, the heating efficiency is poor, and uniform heating cannot be achieved.

(Means for Solving the Problems) In order to solve the problems mentioned above, the present invention provides an electrically conductive part that heats the end face of the member to be processed by applying electricity to the electrical heating device, and a conductive part that heats the flange part of the member to be processed by electricity. A conductive member consisting of parts was provided.

(Function) In a state where the end of the member to be processed is held with an electric heating device,
The conductive portion of the energization heating device contacts each of the end face and the side surface of the flange portion of the member to be processed, and heats the member to be processed in a state where the energized area is increased.

(Example) Embodiments of the present invention will be described below based on the accompanying drawings.

FIG. 1 is a side view of the remelting hardening process according to the present invention, and FIG.
The figure is a front view of the same equipment, and the remelting hardening treatment equipment (1)
The frame (2) is set up on the floor, and this frame (2)
A support box (3) containing a power supply etc. is fixed to the support box, a control honks (4) is installed behind this support box, a cooling device (5) is installed on the L side, and a cooling device (5) is installed on the left and right sides of this cooling device (5). Plasma 1 is placed in source boxes (8) and (6).

In addition, the remelting and hardening processing device (1) is CAMSHIRTS! A loading and unloading station (S) for loading and unloading the workpiece (W) such as ・, a preheating station (S2) for preheating the workpiece (W), and a preheating station (S2) for remelting the workpiece (W). heating station (S3), and each of these stations (S+), (S2), (S3
) The rotating shaft (7) is arranged at an intermediate position. This rotating shaft (7) is rotated via a motor (8) fixed to the support box (3) and a speed reduction mechanism, and the amount of rotation is controlled by a signal from the control pump (4), for example, 1.
It is assumed that it rotates intermittently by 20''.

A case (9) having a substantially hexagonal shape in side view is provided in the center of the rotating shaft (7), and three wooden arms (10) project outward from the case (9). There is. These arms (10) are attached at a distance of 120 degrees, and a clamp mechanism (11) is provided at the tip of each arm (10).

This clamp mechanism (11) is attached to the case (11) as shown in Fig. 3.
8) The rod (
13) to the left and right members (10) constituting the arm (10).
a), (10a), and these left and right members (
10a), finger (14) at the tip of (loa)
, (15), and these fingers (14)
), (15) are pivotally connected to the rod (13) via links (1B) and (1B), and the cylinder unit)
(12) is actuated to cause the rod (13) to make a protruding movement, thereby opening the fingers (+4) and (+5), releasing the grasping state of the workpiece (W), and causing the rod (13) to make a retraction movement. Finger (14), (1
5) is closed to grip the member to be processed (W). The tip of one finger (15) is a bifurcated portion (+5a) facing the member to be processed (outward), and is a fin car (14).

Even if (15) is slightly weighed, the workpiece (powder) does not fall and is held rotatably between the forked part (+5a) and the fin car (14), and the fingers (+4) and (15)
When closed, the member to be processed (W) is clamped at three points so that the center of the member to be processed (W) is always constant. The rotation locus of the clamp mechanism (11) by rotating the rotating shaft (7) is determined by each station (S).
+), (S2), and (S3).

Further, a rail member (17) is fixed to the front surface of the upper horizontal frame (2a) of the frame (2), and this rail member (17) is fixed to the front surface of the upper horizontal frame (2a) of the frame (2).
7) is engaged with the traveling head (1 day). A motor (19) is attached to the running head (1), and by driving this motor (19), the running head (18) moves laterally along the rail member (17) via a rack and pinion mechanism. .

The running head (18) includes a loading member (20) for transporting unprocessed workpieces to the loading and unloading station (S+), and a loading and unloading station (W) for loading processed workpieces (W). The dispensing member (21
), and the input member (20) is provided with a running head (18).
The cylinder unit (22) consists of a cylinder unit (22) that is fixed to the cylinder unit (22), and a shaft mechanism (23) that is provided at the rod end of the cylinder unit (22).
The clamp mechanism (23) moves up and down between the input/discharge station (St) and a position above and in front of this station (St). In addition, the dispensing member (21)
The cylinder unit consists of a cylinder unit (24) fixed to the running head (18) in the same way as the input member (20), and a clamp mechanism (25) provided at the rod tip of this cylinder linear (24). ) By the operation of (24), the club/club mechanism (25) moves 5-1 down between the loading and unloading station (Sl) and the position directly above this station (St).

Furthermore, a receiving member (26) is disposed below the dispensing station (St) at the input 1. The bridge member (26) has the intermediate part of the arm (26a) swingably attached to the flange (27a) protruding forward from the front surface of the support box (3), and supports the lower end of the arm (28a). Cylinder unit fixed to box (3), ) (28)
Connect to the rod of the cylinder ninja (28)
With one movement, the arm (26a) swings back and forth (left and right in FIG. 1) centering on the intermediate portion. A chuck mechanism (29) serving as a holding mechanism is provided at one end of the arm (26a), as shown in FIG. 8, which is a view taken in the Z direction of FIG. This chuck mechanism (29) consists of a cylinder unit (29a) and this cylinder ninja, and by causing the cylinder unit (2!1la) to project, the left and right centers (29b) are attached to the workpiece (W). Hold both ends. As the arm (28a) swings due to the operation of the cylinder unit (28), the chuck mechanism (29) moves between the rotation locus of the clamp mechanism (11) provided at the tip of the arm (!O) and the input member (28a).
0) and the clamp mechanisms (23) and (25) at the lower end of the dispensing member (21).

Also, in the preheating station (S2).

As shown in Figure 2, there are a pair of cylinder units (30
), (30) are arranged, and the electrical heating device (32) according to the present invention is attached to the tip of the rod (31) of these cylinder units (30), as shown in FIG.

As shown in FIG. 4, this energization heating device (32) includes a cylindrical body (33), a piston body (34) slidably disposed within the cylindrical body (33), and a member to be treated ( The cylindrical main body (33) has a holding member (35) that holds the end of the first cylindrical body (33a) and a conductive member (36) that comes into contact with the end surface of the member ), the second cylinder (
33b) and a third cylindrical body (33c), the first cylindrical body (33a) has an insulating material (37
) (38), and a second cylinder (33b) is attached to the front surface of this first cylinder (33a) (7).
) is attached by the bolt (39), and this second
A space (40) is formed between the rear surface of the first cylinder (33b) and the front surface of the first cylinder (33a). In addition, the second cylindrical body (3
3b) is the third cylindrical body (
33e) is installed. That is, the third cylinder (33c)
As shown in the 5th IN, there is a flange part (42) in the middle part.
is formed, and the hole (4) formed in this flange portion (42)
3) and the hole (44) formed on the front surface of the second cylindrical body (33b).
) is positioned by inserting the pin (45) into the outer circumference of the second cylindrical body (33b). Due to the misfit, the flange portion (48) of the tightening member (41) presses the flange portion (42) of the third cylinder (33c) against the second cylinder (33b), thereby fixing the third cylinder (33c).

Further, the front end of the third cylinder (33c) has an ampulla (48).
A fixing member (50) is fixed to this enlarged portion (49) with a bolt (51), and a portion of the fixing member (50) is secured to the outer side of the holding member (35) between this fixed member (50) and the enlarged portion (49). A protruding flange portion (52) is sandwiched therebetween. The front end of the holding member (35) has a flange portion (5) that protrudes inward.
3), and an opening into which the end portion of the member to be processed (W) is inserted is formed inside the clamp portion (53).

On the other hand, the piston body (34) is connected to the first piston body (34).
4a), and a second piston body (34b) fixed to the tip of the first piston body (34a) by a pin (54), and the rear end of the first piston body (34a). faces into the space (40) formed between the front surface of the first cylindrical body (33a) and the rear surface of the cylindrical body (33b). Here, the rear surface of the second cylindrical body (33b) has a sixth
As shown in the figure, a laminate (56) of copper plates is attached which is connected to the power supply by bolts (55).
The middle part of 6) is attached to the rear end surface of the first piston body (34a) by the pole (57).

Furthermore, a spring (58) is provided within the first cylindrical body (33a).
The front end of this spring (5th) is supported by a spring seat (59), and the head (57) of the bolt (57) is attached to this spring seat (59).
a) Close contact.

The elastic force of the spring (58) biases the piston body (34) forward to the extent that the laminated body (56) bends, and this biasing force causes the piston body (34) to be disposed within the holding member (35). The conductive member (36) is pressed against the end surface of the member to be processed (W).

Here, a conductive plate (60) that is difficult to oxidize, such as a silver plate, is provided at the contact portion of the conductive member (3G) with the end surface of the member to be processed (W), and a flange portion (53) of the holding member (35) is provided. ) is also provided with a conductive plate (60) at the contact portion with the end surface of the flange portion (Wa) of the member to be processed.

In this case, the end face of the member to be processed (W) and the flange part (53
), the time required to heat the workpiece (W) can be shortened and preheating efficiency can be improved.

In addition, since separate conductive plates are used to heat the end face and flange of the workpiece, the applied voltage and application time for each q electric machine can be set individually, allowing for more efficient heating. .

Note that the conductive plate that contacts the flange portion of the conductive plate that contacts the end face of the member to be processed may be integrally molded.

FIG. 7 is a diagram showing the disassembled state of the energization heating device (32), and by removing the tightening member (41) from the second cylindrical body (33b), the third cylindrical body (33c) and the conductive Parts (36
) can be easily removed from the mounting δ (32).

By doing this, when the length or diameter of the member to be processed (W) is changed, the third cylinder (33c), the holding member (35), and the guide member (3
6) Furthermore, the problem can be easily dealt with by replacing the second piston body (34b) ji with one of a different size.

The heating station (S3) also includes a heating device (6
1) is placed. The heating device (81) has a support (62) erected on the support box (3), and the support (62)
a pair of support plates (83), (133) laterally spaced apart from each other;
A first motor (64) and a second motor (65) are fixed to the outside of these support plates (83) and (63), and a stay is inserted between the support plates (83) and (83). Case (67) has been investigated.

A pair of first movable bases (68) and second movable bases (69) are provided inside the case (67), and these movable bases (88)
).

A plasma torch (70) connected to the plasma power source (6) is attached to the lower end of (69). Also, the movable table (88) and (H) are placed horizontally in the case (B7). It is possible to slide along guide rods (71), (71) installed in the direction.

The first and second moving tables (H) and (69) can be moved synchronously by driving the first motor (64) from a mechanism not shown, and the second motor (65) ) by driving the second moving table (69
) can be moved.

The heating device (61) is movable up and down by a 1L lowering unit 1-(84) arranged on the support column (82) L.

In addition, a laser position detection device (70) is arranged behind the plasma torch (70), and this position detection device (70)
detects the end face of the cam portion of the camshaft, which is the member to be processed (11), and uses the signal from the detection device (85) to move the plasma torch (70) so that the cam portion is accurately positioned in the arc from the plasma torch (70). ) is moved in the axial direction.

Further, chuck devices (71), (71) are arranged on both sides of the heating station (S3) below the plasma torch (68), and these chuck devices (71), (71) hold both ends of the workpiece (W). ■ Hold the motor (
72) and chuck device via deceleration mechanism! By rotating (71), the part to be processed (W) is rotated around the axis.

Next, 14 melt hardening processing apparatus (1) configured as above
The effect of this will be described below. In the description, the clamp device (11) at the tip of each arm (10) will be described starting from a state in which the workpiece (W) is not gripped.

First, by driving the motor (19) of the first traveling head (18), the unprocessed workpiece is moved in the direction perpendicular to the plane of the paper in Fig. 1).
Move the input member (2) to a certain place using the switch.
0), the unprocessed workpiece (W
) and drive the motor (19) again. to move the traveling head 18) to the center of the device (1).

Next, the cylinder unit (22) of the input member (20)
is activated to lower the clamp mechanism (23) diagonally downward and remove the workpiece (23) held by the clamp mechanism (23).
W) and the chuck mechanism (2) of the passing member (26).
9).

Then, the cylinder unit (28) is activated, and the arm (26a) of the transfer member (26) swings clockwise in FIG. 1, and the chuck mechanism (29) at the tip of the arm (26a)
The member to be processed (W) held by the member (W) overlaps with the rotation locus of the clamp mechanism (11) provided at the tip of the arm (lO).

Therefore, a clamp mechanism (
11) grips the workpiece (enemy), releases the gripping state by the chuck mechanism (28), and releases the gripping state by the arm (10).
) The member to be processed (W) is passed to the clamp mechanism (11) of the receiver.

After this, the rotating shaft (7) is rotated 120 degrees in the counterclockwise direction in Fig. 1.
° rotate and place the workpiece (W) at the preheating station (S2).
). Specifically, the rotation axis (7) is 120°
When the clamp mechanism (11) reaches the lowest position, the rotating shaft (7) stops rotating, and the holding member (35) of the electrical heating device (32) While holding both ends, use an electric heating device (
32) energizes the member to be processed (enemy) via the laminate (56), the piston body (34), and the conductive member (36);
The member to be treated (W) is preheated to about 200 to 450°C.

When the preheating is completed, the holding state by the electrical heating device (32) is released, and the rotating shaft (7) is again rotated 120 degrees counterclockwise in FIG.
W) is placed in the heating station (S3). Then, chuck devices (71), (71) placed on both sides of the heating station (S3) hold both ends of the workpiece. Then, if both ends are held, the clamp mechanism (11) will hold it! Relax.

Next, the plasma torches (70) and (To) move to the bottom and to the left 7-7, so that the tips of the torches face the area where the workpiece (W) is to be remelted. In general, when the member to be processed (W) is closed to the camshaft, the plasma
The tips of the tips (88) and (68) should face one end of the cam lift.

Then, once the plasma torches (70) and (7o) are positioned at the predetermined positions, the chunk device δ (71) is rotated by driving the motor (72), and the chunk device δ (71) is rotated by the rotation of the chuck device (71). While rotating the member to be processed around its axis, a predetermined portion of the member to be processed is melted with +Ir by the plasma torches (70) and (70). Furthermore, since the melting depth at this time is shallow and only one surface area is melted, after melting, heat is rapidly transferred to the area between the molten parts, and the mold is rapidly cooled by self-cooling, making it highly hard and wear-resistant. Forms a part of the body that is excellent in sex.

Thereafter, the 5-rotation shaft (7) further rotates 120@ in the counterclockwise direction, and the processed workpiece (W) is positioned at the loading and unloading station (Sl). Then, the passing member (26) of the bridge swings clockwise, and the passing member (-28) of the bridge swings clockwise.
The clamp mechanism (29) grips the processed workpiece (W), and the gripping state of the clamp mechanism (11) is released, and the workpiece (W) is transferred to the transfer member (26). It will be done. Next, the cylinder unit) (
2B), the receiver moves the arm (28a) of the transfer member (26).
) is swung counterclockwise by a predetermined angle, and the workpiece (W) is taken out of the rotation locus of the clamp mechanism (11).

When the workpiece is taken out of the rotation locus of the clamp mechanism (11), the cylinder unit (24) of the dispensing member (21) is activated, and the clamp mechanism (2)
5) is lowered, and at the lower end, the member to be processed (W
). In addition, the dispensing member (21) and the inputting member (2
0) are controlled so that they do not descend at the same time, and so that they do not interfere with each other at the descending end.

In this way, the clamping mechanism (
After the processed workpiece (W) is gripped by the cylinder unit (25), the cylinder unit (24) is actuated to pull the workpiece upward, and the entire traveling head (page 18) is driven by the motors (19) and (7). moves and conveys the processed member (W) to the next T or the like.

By repeating the above operations, the object to be treated is continuously remelted and hardened at the same location.

(Effects of the Invention) As explained in [-] below, according to the present invention, since electricity can be applied from the end face and flange of the member to be processed, the time required for heating can be shortened, the preheating efficiency can be improved, and uniform heating can be achieved. Furthermore, the applied voltage and application time to each conductive plate can be individually and arbitrarily controlled, and many other effects are exhibited.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

Fig. 1 is a side view of a remelting and hardening treatment apparatus to which the energization heating apparatus according to the present invention is applied, Fig. 2 is a front view of the same apparatus, and Fig.
[ffl is an enlarged view of the clamp mechanism, FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view of the energization heating device, and FIG. 5 is a view seen from the A-A direction in FIG. 4.
6 is a view seen from the direction BB in FIG. 4, FIG. 7 is an exploded view of the electrical heating device, and FIG. 8 is a view taken in the Z direction of FIG. 1. In addition, (1) in the drawing shows remelting hardening treatment JA, 'a, (3)
is the support box, (7) is the rotation axis, (1o) is the arm,
(11), (23), (25) are clamp mechanisms, (2o
) is a charging member, (21) is a dispensing member, (2B) is a receiving member, (32) is an electric heating device, (33) is a cylindrical body, (33a) is a first (7) cylindrical body, ( 33b) is the second cylindrical body, (33c) is the third cylindrical body, (34) is the piston body, (34a) is the first piston body, and (34b) is the second cylindrical body.
(35) is a holding member, (36) is a conductive member, (60) is a conductive plate, (70) is a plasma torch,
(S+) is an input/discharge station, (S2) is a preheating station, (S3) is a heating station, and (buttock) is a member to be processed. Patent application person tree [IJ Giken Ohgyo Co., Ltd. representative]
Attorney Patent Attorney Part 2 1) Patent Attorney Kuni Ohashi Tobirama 5r Attorney
Udo Koyama Patent Attorney
Noguchi 1 Shigeru Figure 3 Figure 2 Figure 5 Figure 6 Procedures Amendment (September 30, 1985, Shirawa)

Claims (1)

[Claims] In an electrical heating device that heats the processed member by electrically heating the processed member by bringing the electrically conductive member into contact with the processed member, the electrically conductive member includes a conductive portion that contacts an end surface of the processed member and a conductive portion that contacts a flange portion of the processed member. An electrical heating device characterized by: