JPS646455B2 - - Google Patents

Info

Publication number
JPS646455B2
JPS646455B2 JP20527081A JP20527081A JPS646455B2 JP S646455 B2 JPS646455 B2 JP S646455B2 JP 20527081 A JP20527081 A JP 20527081A JP 20527081 A JP20527081 A JP 20527081A JP S646455 B2 JPS646455 B2 JP S646455B2
Authority
JP
Japan
Prior art keywords
layer
intermediate layer
photoreceptor
resin intermediate
weight
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired
Application number
JP20527081A
Other languages
Japanese (ja)
Other versions
JPS58106549A (en
Inventor
Masafumi Kamyama
Fumio Kawamura
Wataru Kobayashi
Shigeo Matsuyama
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
TOMOEGAWA PAPER Manufacturing Ltd
Original Assignee
TOMOEGAWA PAPER Manufacturing Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by TOMOEGAWA PAPER Manufacturing Ltd filed Critical TOMOEGAWA PAPER Manufacturing Ltd
Priority to JP20527081A priority Critical patent/JPS58106549A/en
Publication of JPS58106549A publication Critical patent/JPS58106549A/en
Publication of JPS646455B2 publication Critical patent/JPS646455B2/ja
Granted legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • GPHYSICS
    • G03PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
    • G03GELECTROGRAPHY; ELECTROPHOTOGRAPHY; MAGNETOGRAPHY
    • G03G5/00Recording members for original recording by exposure, e.g. to light, to heat, to electrons; Manufacture thereof; Selection of materials therefor
    • G03G5/14Inert intermediate or cover layers for charge-receiving layers
    • G03G5/142Inert intermediate layers

Landscapes

  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Photoreceptors In Electrophotography (AREA)

Description

【発明の詳細な説明】[Detailed description of the invention]

本発明は、導電性支持体ポリビニルカルバゾー
ルを含有する光導電層を設けてなる電子写真感光
体において、導電性支持体と光導電層との間に樹
脂中間層を設けた電子写真感光体に関するもので
ある。 従来、電子写真感光体に用いられる感光層には
se、CdS、ZnO等の無機系の光導電性物質が広く
用いられている。一方、近年この無機光半導体物
質のかわりに有機光半導体化合物を用いる研究が
盛んに行なわれており、そのいくつかは実用化さ
れている。この有機系の感光体は無機系の感光体
に比べて多くの優れた性質を有しており、電子写
真技術分野において広い応用技術を提供するもの
である。例えばフレキシブルな感光フイルム、軽
量で取り扱い容易な感光体製造が容易でかつ製造
コストが低い等が考えられる。この有機光半導性
化合物の代表的な例としてはポリビニルカルバゾ
ール(PVK)がよく知られている。しかしなが
らこのPVKは支持体との接着特性が悪く、また
PVKは柔軟性に欠けるため、感光体を構成した
とき、感光体を折り曲げると感光層が容易に割れ
てしまうという欠点を有している。かかる欠点の
ためPVKを用いる感光体を実用化するのは困難
な状況である。 本発明者等は、ポリビニルカルバゾールを含有
する光導電層と導電性支持体との塗膜特性を向上
させる目的で、種々の化合物を用いて樹脂中間層
を形成し、感光特性及び塗膜特性との関係を検討
した。その結果、水溶性ポリビニルブチラールを
用いて樹脂中間層を形成した場合最も良好な結果
を得た。即ち感光層の塗膜特性向上に著しい効果
をもたらすとともに、帯電々位、暗減衰、光感
度、繰り返し特性等の感光体特性になんら悪影響
を及ぼさない。 本発明の感光体は、導電性支持体上に、本発明
で示した樹脂中間層と、ポリビニルカルバゾール
を含有する光導電層を順次積層してなることを基
本とする。導電性支持体としては、アルミニウム
等の金属板や金属箔、アルミニウム等の金属を蒸
着したプラスチツクフイルム、アルミニウム等の
金属箔を貼り合せたプラスチツクフイルム、カー
ボン抄き込み紙、導電性処理を施した低抵抗紙等
が使用できる。 光導電層としては、PVKと電子受容性物質を
含む層、ZnOのような電荷発生剤をPVK中に分
散させた層、あるいは電荷発生層とPVKの電荷
輸送層との積層系などを本発明に適用できる。光
導電層の厚さは、系により異なるが一般に5μm〜
50μmの範囲である。本発明の樹脂中間層として、
水溶性ポリビニルブチラールを用いることにより
所期の目的を達する。水溶性ポリビニルブチラー
ル中間層は、水、あるいはアルコール等の溶媒
で、適当な粘度になるように溶解または希釈し、
ワイヤーブレード、エアナイフなどの公知の方法
で塗工することにより得られる。 樹脂中間層の厚さは1〜5μmの範囲が適する。
好ましくは1〜3μmである。薄すぎる場合は、塗
膜特性改善の効果が乏しく、又厚く形成させると
感光体特性に悪影響をあたえる。 なお、本発明に使用する水溶性ポリビニルブチ
ラールは、例えばエスレツクW(積水化学(株)社製)
として市販されており、容易に入手可能である。 感光体の形状としては、目的に応じて、シー
ト、長尺ロール、ベルトあるいはドラムいずれの
形状でもさしつかえないことは勿論である。 本発明で述べた樹脂中間層は、特に光導電性物
質として、接着性、および可撓性の乏しいPVK
を用いるとき、導電性支持体との接着性にすぐれ
た効果をもたらす。さらに本発明をPVKを用い
る電子写真感光体に応用したところ予期せぬ効果
も見い出された。即ち、支持体との接着性を向上
させるのみでなく感光層の柔軟性も著しく向上
し、折り曲げ等の力を加えても、層の剥離、およ
び破壊等の現象は生じなかつた。また帯電々位、
暗減衰、光感度、繰り返し特性などの感光体特性
にはなんら悪影響を与えなかつた。さらに中間層
に水溶性高分子を用いることの利点は、中間層の
上に光導電層を塗工する場合、感光層は通常有機
溶媒による溶液を用いて塗工を行うが、本発明に
よる中間層の如き、水溶性樹脂を用いる場合は、
有機溶媒による溶解をうけず、上層と混合するこ
となく層を設けることができる。 次に実施例を用いて本発明を具体的に説明す
る。 実施例 1 導電性支持体として、アルミニウムとポリエチ
レンテレフタレートを貼り合せたものを用いアル
ミニウムの上に下記配合の樹脂中間層用塗液を乾
燥後の厚さが2μmになるようワイヤーブレードで
塗工し樹脂中間層を形成した。 水溶性ポリビニルブチラール(積水化学社製エ
スレツクW201、28.5%水溶液) 7.0重量部 エチルアルコール 13.0重量部 この樹脂中間層の上に下記配合の光導電層用塗
液を乾燥後の厚さが10μmになるようワイヤーブ
レードで塗工して電子写真用感光体を得た。 P.V.K(BASF社製、Luvican M−170)
10.0重量部 トリニトロフルオレノン(東京化成社製、特
級) 6.17重量部 クロルベンゼン 125.0重量部 実施例 2 実施例1の樹脂中間層の上に、下記配合の光導
電層用塗液を乾燥後の厚さが2μmになるようワイ
ヤーブレードで塗工し、さらにその上にPVKの
7.5wt.%クロルベンゼン溶液を乾燥後の厚さが
10μmとなるよう塗工し感光体を得た。 P.V.K(BASF社製Luvican M−170)
10.0重量部 ZnO(堺化学社製Sazex#4000) 20.0重量部 ローズベンガル(20%メタノール溶液)
0.45重量部 クロルベンゼン 120.0重量部 比較例 1 実施例1の導電性支持体を用い、このアルミニ
ウムの上に下記配合の樹脂中間層用塗液を乾燥後
の厚さが2μmになるようワイヤーブレードで塗工
し樹脂中間層を形成した。 カゼイン(ニユージーランド製) 11.1重量部 アンモニア水 1.0重量部 水(60℃) 100.0重量部 この樹脂中間層の上に実施例1と同様にして光
導電層を形成し感光体を得た。 比較例 2 比較例1の樹脂中間層の上に、実施例2と同様
にして光導電層を形成し感光体を得た。 比較例 3 実施例1の導電性支持体を用い、このアルミニ
ウムの上に下記配合の樹脂中間層用塗液を乾燥後
の厚さが2μmになるようワイヤーブレードで塗工
し、樹脂中間層を形成した。 ポリビニルブチラール(積水化学社製、BL−
1) 10.0重量部 ジクロルメタン 100.0重量部 この樹脂中間層の上に、実施例1と同様にして
光導電層を形成し感光体を得た。 比較例 4 比較例3の樹脂中間層の上に、実施例2と同様
にして光導電層を形成し感光体を得た。 以上の実施例及び比較例の感光体の特性を表に
示す。
The present invention relates to an electrophotographic photoreceptor provided with a photoconductive layer containing a conductive support polyvinyl carbazole, in which a resin intermediate layer is provided between the conductive support and the photoconductive layer. It is. Conventionally, the photosensitive layer used in electrophotographic photoreceptors has
Inorganic photoconductive materials such as se, CdS, and ZnO are widely used. On the other hand, in recent years, research has been actively conducted on the use of organic photosemiconductor compounds instead of inorganic photosemiconductor materials, and some of these have been put into practical use. This organic photoreceptor has many superior properties than inorganic photoreceptors, and provides a wide range of applications in the field of electrophotography. For example, a flexible photosensitive film, a light-weight and easy-to-handle photoreceptor, easy to manufacture, and low manufacturing cost can be considered. Polyvinylcarbazole (PVK) is well known as a typical example of this organic photo-semiconducting compound. However, this PVK has poor adhesive properties with the support and
Since PVK lacks flexibility, it has the disadvantage that when a photoreceptor is constructed, the photosensitive layer easily breaks when the photoreceptor is bent. Due to these drawbacks, it is difficult to put photoreceptors using PVK into practical use. The present inventors formed a resin intermediate layer using various compounds in order to improve the coating film properties between a photoconductive layer containing polyvinylcarbazole and a conductive support, and improved the photosensitive properties and coating film properties. We examined the relationship between As a result, the best results were obtained when the resin intermediate layer was formed using water-soluble polyvinyl butyral. That is, it brings about a remarkable effect in improving the coating film properties of the photosensitive layer, and does not have any adverse effect on the photoreceptor properties such as charge level, dark decay, photosensitivity, and repeatability. The photoreceptor of the present invention is basically formed by sequentially laminating the resin intermediate layer shown in the present invention and a photoconductive layer containing polyvinylcarbazole on a conductive support. As the conductive support, metal plates such as aluminum, metal foils, plastic films deposited with metals such as aluminum, plastic films laminated with metal foils such as aluminum, carbon paper, and conductive treated paper are used. Low resistance paper etc. can be used. The photoconductive layer may be a layer containing PVK and an electron-accepting substance, a layer in which a charge generating agent such as ZnO is dispersed in PVK, or a laminated system of a charge generating layer and a charge transporting layer of PVK. Applicable to The thickness of the photoconductive layer varies depending on the system, but is generally 5 μm or more.
It is in the range of 50μm. As the resin intermediate layer of the present invention,
The intended purpose is achieved by using water-soluble polyvinyl butyral. The water-soluble polyvinyl butyral intermediate layer is dissolved or diluted with a solvent such as water or alcohol to an appropriate viscosity.
It can be obtained by coating using a known method such as a wire blade or air knife. The thickness of the resin intermediate layer is suitably in the range of 1 to 5 μm.
Preferably it is 1 to 3 μm. If it is too thin, the effect of improving the coating film properties will be poor, and if it is too thick, it will adversely affect the properties of the photoreceptor. The water-soluble polyvinyl butyral used in the present invention is, for example, Eslec W (manufactured by Sekisui Chemical Co., Ltd.).
It is commercially available as, and is easily available. Of course, the shape of the photoreceptor may be a sheet, a long roll, a belt, or a drum depending on the purpose. The resin intermediate layer described in the present invention is made of PVK, which has poor adhesiveness and flexibility, especially as a photoconductive material.
When used, it provides excellent adhesion to the conductive support. Furthermore, when the present invention was applied to an electrophotographic photoreceptor using PVK, unexpected effects were discovered. That is, not only the adhesion to the support was improved, but also the flexibility of the photosensitive layer was significantly improved, and even when force such as bending was applied, phenomena such as peeling and destruction of the layer did not occur. Also, the electrostatic potential,
There was no adverse effect on photoreceptor properties such as dark decay, photosensitivity, and repetition characteristics. Furthermore, the advantage of using a water-soluble polymer for the intermediate layer is that when coating a photoconductive layer on the intermediate layer, the photosensitive layer is usually coated using a solution of an organic solvent, but the intermediate layer of the present invention When using a water-soluble resin such as a layer,
A layer can be provided without being dissolved by an organic solvent and without mixing with an upper layer. Next, the present invention will be specifically explained using Examples. Example 1 A conductive support made of aluminum and polyethylene terephthalate was used, and a resin intermediate layer coating liquid of the following composition was applied onto the aluminum using a wire blade so that the thickness after drying was 2 μm. A resin intermediate layer was formed. Water-soluble polyvinyl butyral (Eslec W201 manufactured by Sekisui Chemical Co., Ltd., 28.5% aqueous solution) 7.0 parts by weight Ethyl alcohol 13.0 parts by weight A photoconductive layer coating liquid of the following composition is applied on this resin intermediate layer to a thickness of 10 μm after drying. A photoreceptor for electrophotography was obtained by coating with a wire blade. PVK (manufactured by BASF, Luvican M-170)
10.0 parts by weight Trinitrofluorenone (manufactured by Tokyo Kasei Co., Ltd., special grade) 6.17 parts by weight Chlorbenzene 125.0 parts by weight Example 2 Thickness after drying of photoconductive layer coating liquid of the following composition on the resin intermediate layer of Example 1 It is coated with a wire blade so that the thickness is 2 μm, and then PVK is applied on top of that.
The thickness after drying 7.5wt.% chlorobenzene solution is
A photoreceptor was obtained by coating to a thickness of 10 μm. PVK (BASF Luvican M-170)
10.0 parts by weight ZnO (Sazex#4000 manufactured by Sakai Chemical Co., Ltd.) 20.0 parts by weight Rose Bengal (20% methanol solution)
0.45 parts by weight Chlorbenzene 120.0 parts by weight Comparative Example 1 Using the conductive support of Example 1, a coating liquid for a resin intermediate layer having the following composition was applied onto the aluminum using a wire blade so that the thickness after drying was 2 μm. Coating was performed to form a resin intermediate layer. Casein (made in New Zealand) 11.1 parts by weight Aqueous ammonia 1.0 parts by weight Water (60°C) 100.0 parts by weight A photoconductive layer was formed on this resin intermediate layer in the same manner as in Example 1 to obtain a photoreceptor. Comparative Example 2 A photoconductive layer was formed on the resin intermediate layer of Comparative Example 1 in the same manner as in Example 2 to obtain a photoreceptor. Comparative Example 3 Using the conductive support of Example 1, a resin intermediate layer coating liquid having the following composition was applied onto the aluminum using a wire blade so that the thickness after drying was 2 μm, and the resin intermediate layer was formed. Formed. Polyvinyl butyral (manufactured by Sekisui Chemical Co., Ltd., BL-
1) 10.0 parts by weight Dichloromethane 100.0 parts by weight A photoconductive layer was formed on this resin intermediate layer in the same manner as in Example 1 to obtain a photoreceptor. Comparative Example 4 A photoconductive layer was formed on the resin intermediate layer of Comparative Example 3 in the same manner as in Example 2 to obtain a photoreceptor. The characteristics of the photoreceptors of the above Examples and Comparative Examples are shown in the table.

【表】 表に示した値は次の方法により測定した。 (1) 電位(Vs)及び光感度 電子写真紙測定装置(川口電機製SP428)を用
いコロナ放電電圧−6KV、帯電速度50mm/secで
帯電を行ない直後の電位をVsとした。これを5
秒間暗所で減衰させた後、色温度2854〓の白色光
(光強度51Lux)で10秒間照射した。このとき、
電位を半分に減衰させるのに要する露光量
(Lux・sec)を感度(E1/2)n=1とし、さら
に上記操作を100回くり返した後の感度を(E1/
2)n=100とした。 (2) 接着強度 塗膜面にセロフアン粘着テープを強くはりつ
け、180゜方向にはがしたときの塗面を観察して以
下のように評価した。 〇……塗面が全くはくりしない。 △……塗面のはくりが粘着テープ面積の100%
未満。 ×……塗面はくりが粘着テープ面積の100%。 (3) 可撓性 光導電層を外側にして、感光体を直径の異なる
円柱に巻きつけ、感光層にはくり或は亀裂が発生
するときの直径で評価した。 上記の表で明らかな如く、本発明は初期及びく
り返し後の感度の低下が少なく、塗膜強度特性も
極めて良好であつた。 これに対して、比較例の樹脂中間層を有するも
のは、くり返し後の感度低下や塗膜強度特性が不
良で感光体としての実用性はなかつた。
[Table] The values shown in the table were measured by the following method. (1) Potential (Vs) and photosensitivity Charging was performed using an electrophotographic paper measuring device (SP428 manufactured by Kawaguchi Electric) at a corona discharge voltage of -6 KV and a charging speed of 50 mm/sec, and the potential immediately after was taken as Vs. This is 5
After decaying in the dark for 10 seconds, it was irradiated with white light (light intensity 51 Lux) with a color temperature of 2854㎓ for 10 seconds. At this time,
The exposure amount (Lux・sec) required to attenuate the potential by half is the sensitivity (E1/2)n=1, and the sensitivity after repeating the above operation 100 times is (E1/
2) n=100. (2) Adhesive strength A cellophane adhesive tape was firmly attached to the painted surface, and when it was peeled off in a 180° direction, the painted surface was observed and evaluated as follows. 〇...The painted surface does not peel off at all. △……Peeling of painted surface is 100% of adhesive tape area
less than. ×...Painted surface peeling is 100% of the adhesive tape area. (3) Flexibility A photoreceptor was wound around a cylinder having different diameters with the photoconductive layer on the outside, and the evaluation was made based on the diameter at which peeling or cracking occurred in the photosensitive layer. As is clear from the table above, in the present invention, there was little decrease in sensitivity at the initial stage and after repeated testing, and the coating film strength properties were also very good. On the other hand, the comparative example having a resin intermediate layer had decreased sensitivity and poor coating film strength characteristics after repeated cycles, and was not practical as a photoreceptor.

Claims (1)

【特許請求の範囲】 1 導電性支持体上にポリビニルカルバゾールを
含有する光導電層を設けてなる電子写真感光体に
おいて、導電性支持体と光導電層との間に水溶性
ポリビニルブチラールよりなる中間層を設けたこ
とを特徴とする電子写真感光体。 2 前記中間層の厚さが1〜5μmである特許請求
の範囲第1項記載の電子写真感光体。
[Scope of Claims] 1. In an electrophotographic photoreceptor comprising a photoconductive layer containing polyvinyl carbazole on a conductive support, an intermediate layer made of water-soluble polyvinyl butyral is provided between the conductive support and the photoconductive layer. An electrophotographic photoreceptor characterized by having a layer. 2. The electrophotographic photoreceptor according to claim 1, wherein the intermediate layer has a thickness of 1 to 5 μm.
JP20527081A 1981-12-21 1981-12-21 Electrophotographic photo-receptor Granted JPS58106549A (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP20527081A JPS58106549A (en) 1981-12-21 1981-12-21 Electrophotographic photo-receptor

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP20527081A JPS58106549A (en) 1981-12-21 1981-12-21 Electrophotographic photo-receptor

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
JPS58106549A JPS58106549A (en) 1983-06-24
JPS646455B2 true JPS646455B2 (en) 1989-02-03

Family

ID=16504191

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
JP20527081A Granted JPS58106549A (en) 1981-12-21 1981-12-21 Electrophotographic photo-receptor

Country Status (1)

Country Link
JP (1) JPS58106549A (en)

Families Citing this family (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPS60108860A (en) * 1983-11-18 1985-06-14 Mita Ind Co Ltd Laminated electrophotographic sensitive body
JP2814235B2 (en) * 1987-01-20 1998-10-22 株式会社リコー Electrophotographic photoreceptor
US5130216A (en) * 1988-09-22 1992-07-14 Canon Kabushiki Kaisha Photosensitive member for electrophotography
JP2567090B2 (en) * 1989-04-20 1996-12-25 キヤノン株式会社 Electrophotographic photoreceptor
US5270141A (en) * 1991-01-25 1993-12-14 Canon Kabushiki Kaisha Image-holding member, and electrophotographic apparatus, apparatus unit, and facsimile machine employing the same
US5419993A (en) * 1991-11-01 1995-05-30 Canon Kabushiki Kaisha Polyamide, electrophotographic photosensitive member employing the polyamide, and electrophotographic apparatus, device unit and facsimile machine employing the member
TWI452448B (en) 2008-12-01 2014-09-11 Fuji Electric Co Ltd An electrophotographic photoreceptor, a method of manufacturing the same, and an electrophotographic apparatus

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
JPS58106549A (en) 1983-06-24

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
US3640708A (en) Barrier layers for electrophotographic elements containing a blend of cellulose nitrate with a tetrapolymer having vinylidene chloride as the major constituent
US3428451A (en) Supports for radiation-sensitive elements and improved elements comprising such supports
US3745005A (en) Electrophotographic elements having barrier layers
JPS63280259A (en) Xerographic image forming member
EP0006356B1 (en) Electrophotographic material having improved protective overcoat layer
JPH0363064B2 (en)
JPS646455B2 (en)
SU508235A3 (en) Method of transferring latent electrostatic image
US3783021A (en) Conducting lacquers for electrophotographic elements
JP3138458B2 (en) Electrophotographic imaging member
US3772011A (en) Print-out elements and methods using photoconductors and polygnes
US4434218A (en) Photosensitive composition for electrophotography
JPH0246938B2 (en)
JPS61235844A (en) Electrophotographic sensitive body
CA1058937A (en) X-ray sensitive elements and process of forming an image therefrom
JP2629324B2 (en) Multilayer electrophotographic photoreceptor
JPH0444046A (en) Electrophotographic sensitive body and production thereof
US4480020A (en) Polymeric photoconductive sensitized by bis(β-cyano-β-alkoxycarbonylvinyl)benzene
JP2631735B2 (en) Electrophotographic photoreceptor
US3718463A (en) Photoconductive coating compositions using a poly(vinyl-halobenzal)binder
JPS61198160A (en) Electrophotographic sensitive body
JPH06105363B2 (en) Multilayer electrophotographic photoconductor
AT221542B (en) Process for the production of printing forms and photoconductive material for carrying out this process
JPH05506732A (en) optoelectronographic elements
JPH03197956A (en) Electrophotographic sensitive body