JPS646337Y2 - - Google Patents

Description

[Detailed Description of the Invention] [Industrial Application Field] The present invention relates to a power transmission device for a vehicle, and particularly to a power transmission device for a four-wheel drive vehicle.

[Prior art]

Published in Japanese Patent Application Publication No. 1983 as a type of power transmission device for vehicles.
- As shown in Publication No. 176120, the power input from the transmission gear mechanism is distributed to the front wheel side and the rear wheel side and output to the transaxle case that houses the transmission gear mechanism. a first gear mechanism that is connected to and coaxially located with the first gear mechanism and that transmits power input from the gear mechanism to the front wheel side or the rear wheel side.
There is a power delivery system which houses two gear mechanisms, the housing parts of these mechanisms communicate with each other, and lubricating oil is stored in the housing parts.

In this type of power transmission device, the lubricating oil stored in the transaxle case is scraped up by gears when each mechanism is driven, and the scraped up lubricating oil is guided to the meshing parts, sliding parts, etc. of each mechanism. and lubricates these parts.

[Problem that the invention attempts to solve]

By the way, in this type of power transmission device, the variable speed gear mechanism has a large number of gears that scrape up the lubricating oil compared to other gear mechanisms, so it has a high lifting capacity, and the variable speed gear mechanism is driven. When the lubricating oil starts to be scooped up, the oil level of the lubricating oil in the housing part of the same mechanism gradually becomes lower than the oil level of the lubricating oil in the housing parts of each other mechanism. As a result, the lubricating oil in both housing parts flows into the housing part of the transmission gear mechanism, the oil level in both housing parts decreases, and the amount of lubricating oil lifted in each gear mechanism decreases, resulting in Poor lubrication occurs in sliding parts, etc.

To deal with this problem, measures are sometimes taken to increase the amount of lubricating oil stored in the transaxle case, but in this case, the increased amount of oil increases the rotational resistance of the gear when the lubricating oil is scraped up. This generates heat and causes power loss. A large increase in oil temperature due to heat generation not only causes seizure in various parts, but also significantly reduces the strength of resins and rubbers such as sealing members, and power loss adversely affects vehicle performance.

[Means for solving problems]

In order to deal with these problems, the present invention provides a power transmission system for a vehicle of this type, in which either of these gear mechanisms is connected between the speed change gear mechanism and the first gear mechanism within the transaxle case. A driven oil pump is provided, and this oil pump is connected to a lubricating oil supply oil path provided in the transaxle case and extending to a location where the second gear mechanism is provided.

[Functions and effects of the idea]

As a result, in the present invention, the lubricating oil is guided to the second gear mechanism located in the storage part farthest from the transmission gear mechanism where the amount of lubricating oil decreases the most due to the drive of the transmission gear mechanism. It is possible to appropriately lubricate each meshing part and sliding part, which are prone to poor lubrication.

In this case, the oil pump is connected to the transmission gear mechanism and the first
Since the transmission gear mechanism is disposed between the gear mechanisms, the axial length of the transmission gear mechanism in the power transmission mechanism does not increase at all, and the ability to mount the power transmission mechanism on a vehicle is not impaired. Any gear forming the speed change gear mechanism or the first gear mechanism can be used as the driving means. In addition, since the oil pump is located where lubricating oil tends to collect when the power transmission mechanism is driven, it is possible to accurately lubricate each part of the second gear mechanism that is prone to poor lubrication without increasing the amount of lubricating oil. It is possible to shorten both the distance from the oil pump to the oil strainer and the distance from the oil pump to the second gear mechanism, and to suppress suction resistance and discharge resistance of lubricating oil in the oil pump. can.

〔Example〕

DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS An embodiment of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 shows a power transmission device according to an embodiment of the present invention.

This power transmission device is a transverse front engine type power transmission device for a four-wheel drive vehicle, and in this power transmission device, a transaxle case 10 is composed of two casings 11 and 12, and three housings are housed inside the transaxle case 10. It is provided with parts 13, 14, and 15. In the transaxle case 10, a known transmission gear mechanism 20 constituting a transmission is housed in the first housing portion 13, and the transmission gear mechanism 20 is connected to one side of the engine (not shown) via a clutch device. It is assembled. Further, the second housing portion 14 of the transaxle case 10 has a differential mechanism 3 which is a first gear mechanism.
0 is housed therein, and the third housing part 15 houses a direction changing mechanism 40 which is a second gear mechanism.

The differential mechanism 30 is formed by integrating a center differential 30a and a front differential 30b that distribute input power and output it to the front and rear wheels, and is a transmission gear mechanism. A ring gear 31 that meshes with an output gear 22 provided on an output shaft 21 constituting the output shaft 20 is provided. The center differential 30a is rotatably supported by the first casing 11 through its case 32, and the front differential 30b is disposed within the case 32. In the center differential 30a, the left side gear 33 is formed integrally with the case 35 of the front differential 30b, and the right side gear 34 is formed with a hollow shaft portion 34a. This hollow shaft portion 34a is connected to the case 32.
It rotatably penetrates through and faces the inside of the second casing 12. The front differential 30b is located coaxially with the center differential 30a, the left side gear 36 is rotatably supported by the case 32, and the right side gear 37 is rotatably supported by the case 35.
is rotatably supported. These side gears 36, 37 have front axles 38a, 3
The left front axle 38a penetrates the case 32 in a liquid-tight and rotatable manner, and the right front axle 38b connects to the center differential 30 so as to allow torque transmission.
It rotatably penetrates the inside of the hollow shaft portion 3a of the right side gear 34 of FIG. 1A, and also penetrates the second casing 12 in a fluid-tight and rotatable manner. The direction changing mechanism 40 transmits the power input from the center differential 30a to the rear wheel side, and includes a hollow conical mount case 41, a ring gear 42, and a pinion shaft 43 that meshes with the mount case 41. The mount case 41 is the second casing 12
The third accommodating portion 15 is assembled to the outer periphery of the hollow shaft portion 34a so that torque can be transmitted thereto. The ring gear 42 is assembled on the outer periphery of the mount case 41, and meshes with a pinion shaft 43 that is rotatably and liquid-tightly supported by the second casing 12. The pinion shaft 43 is located approximately in the center of the vehicle in the longitudinal direction, and is connected to left and right rear axles via a known propeller shaft and a rear differential (not shown) so that power can be transmitted thereto.

Hollow shaft portion 3 inside this second casing 12
A coupling sleeve 44 is spline-fitted onto the outer periphery of 4a so as to be slidable only in the axial direction.
The coupling sleeve 44 is intermittently slid in the axial direction by a shift fork (not shown), and selectively connects and disconnects the hollow shaft portion 34a and the case 32 of the center differential 30a.

This allows the power of the engine to be transferred to the transmission gear mechanism 2.
0 to the center differential 30a, it is distributed to each side gear 33, 34 and output, and from the left side gear 33 it is transmitted to the front differential 30b, and from the right side gear 34 it is transmitted to the hollow shaft portion 34a. be transmitted to. In this case, when the coupling sleeve 44 is not connected to the case 32 (see the upper side of FIG. 1), the case 32 and the right side gear 34 are not connected, so the power transmission device is connected to the center differential 30a. The vehicle is capable of four-wheel drive with the differential function enabled. Further, when the coupling sleeve 44 is connected to the case 32 (see the lower side of the first drawing), the case 32 and the right side gear 34 are connected, so that the power transmission device is connected to the center differential 30a. To enable four-wheel drive of a vehicle in a state where a dynamic function is disabled.

In addition, lubricating oil is stored in each of the storage parts 13 to 15 of the transaxle case 10 up to the level shown by the dashed line O in FIGS. 2, 5, and 6, and the output shaft of the transmission gear mechanism 20 Each gear on 21, ring gear 3 of differential mechanism 30
1 and the ring gear 42 of the direction changing mechanism 40, a part of it is lifted up, and each mechanism 20, 3
It is applied to the meshing parts and sliding parts at 0 and 40 for lubrication.

An oil pump 51 for lubrication is mounted on the inner wall of the first casing 11 of the transaxle case 10, as shown in FIGS. 2 and 7. This oil pump 51 includes a pump body made up of a drive rotor 51b and a driven rotor 51c assembled in a pump case 51a, and a gear 51d that is removably fitted on a connecting shaft provided on the drive rotor 51b so as to be capable of transmitting torque. The transmission gear mechanism 20 is installed in the first housing part 13.
It is located below the output shaft 21 of. In the oil pump 51, the gear 51d meshes with the first speed driven gear 23 assembled on the output shaft 21, and the strainer 52 is connected to the inlet port and the oil is supplied to the outlet port. A tube 53 is connected. The strainer 52 has a first storage section 13 and a second storage section 14.
It is located at the bottom between.

As shown in FIGS. 1 to 3, the oil tube 53 is connected to the oil hole 54a provided in the side wall of the first casing 11 through the lower part of the differential mechanism 30, and is connected to the oil hole 54a provided in the side wall of the first casing 11, and ~As shown in FIG. 6, an oil hole 54 provided in the side wall of the second casing 12
It communicates with an oil tube 55 connected to this via b. The oil tube 55 is connected to an oil hole 56a provided in the second casing 12 through the lower part of the meshing part between the ring gear 42 and the pinion shaft 43 that constitute the direction changing mechanism 40, and has a spout 55a facing the meshing part. ing. Further, this oil hole 56a is connected to an oil hole 56b that opens in the support portion of the pinion shaft 43, and an oil hole 56b that opens in the support portion of the pinion shaft 43, and an oil hole 56b that opens in the support portion of the pinion shaft 43, and
It communicates with an oil hole 56c opened in the support part b. Note that the second accommodating part 14 and the third accommodating part 15 are the first casing 11 and the second casing 1.
The inner periphery of the case 32 of the center differential 30a and the outer periphery of the case 32 of the center differential 30a communicate with each other through an annular gap.
A passage 11 provided slightly above the center of the side wall of
They communicate with each other through a and 12a.

When the engine is driven in the power transmission device configured in this way, the input shaft 2 of the transmission gear mechanism 20
4 rotates, which rotates each gear on the output shaft that meshes with each gear assembled so as to be integrally rotatable, and the lubricating oil in the first storage portion 13 is scraped up by the scraping action of each gear. It is applied to each meshing part and sliding part of the mechanism 20. As a result, these parts are lubricated.
During this time, when engine power is input to the differential mechanism 30 via the output gear 22, the mechanism 30 is driven and the lubricating oil in the second storage portion 14 is scraped up by the scraping action of the ring gear 31. and is applied to each meshing portion and sliding portion of the mechanism 30. Furthermore, when the direction changing mechanism 40 is driven, the lubricating oil in the third housing part 15 is scraped up by the scraping action of the ring gear 42 and applied to each meshing part and sliding part of the mechanism 40. Ru. As a result, each meshing part and sliding part in each mechanism 30, 40 is lubricated.

On the other hand, when the input shaft 24 rotates, the first speed driven gear 23 on the output shaft 21 rotates, and the oil pump 51 is driven via the gear 51d that meshes with the first speed driven gear 23. As a result, the oil pump 51 transfers a portion of the lubricating oil to the oil tubes 53, 55 and the oil holes 54a, 5.
4b, 56a to 56c, to the meshing part of the ring gear 42 and pinion shaft 43 in the direction changing mechanism 40, the support part of the pinion shaft 43, and the support part of the right front axle 38b. supply
For this reason, these meshing parts and support parts are properly lubricated by the drive of the oil pump 51, and there is no lubrication failure in these parts due to the influence of the lubricating oil scooping action of the transmission gear mechanism 20, and direction change is prevented. These parts are lubricated even when the mechanism 40 is not driven. Note that the lubricating oil supplied by the oil pump 51 is applied to the inner periphery of both the casings 11 and 12 and the case 3.
2 through the annular gap between the outer peripheries of the third housing part 15.
When the amount of supplied oil is large, the oil flows back to the second housing part 14 side through the passages 11a and 12a of both casings 11 and 12.

By the way, the oil pump 51 is connected to the speed change gear mechanism 2.
0 and the differential 30, the axial length (length in the width direction of the vehicle) of the transmission gear mechanism 20 does not increase at all, and the mountability of the power transmission mechanism on the vehicle is improved. The driven gear of the transmission gear mechanism 20 can be used as a driving means for the oil pump 51 without being damaged, and the gear of the differential 30 can also be used if necessary. Further, since the oil pump 51 is disposed at a location where lubricating oil tends to collect during driving, each part of the direction changing mechanism 40 can be accurately lubricated without increasing the amount of lubricating oil. Furthermore,
Both the distance from the oil pump 51 to the strainer 52 and the distance from the oil pump 51 to the direction changing mechanism 40 become shorter, and the oil pump 5
The lubricating oil suction resistance and discharge resistance in 1 can be suppressed.

FIG. 8 shows a modification of this embodiment.
In this modification, the lubricating oil discharged from the oil pump 51 is supplied to the direction changing mechanism 40 via an oil cooler (not shown), and the oil tube 53a is connected to the outlet port of the oil pump 51 and the inlet port of the oil cooler. , and the other oil tube 53b are connected to the outlet port of the oil cooler and the oil hole 54a via an oil tube 53c. Furthermore, if it is desired to supply lubricating oil to a desired portion of the speed change gear mechanism 20, the second outlet port 51f of the oil pump 51 can be used.

Note that the present invention is not limited to the power transmission device of the type shown in the above embodiment.
As shown in Japanese Patent Application No. 59-176120, a power transmission device in which the front differential 30b is disposed inside the mount case 41 is disclosed in Japanese Patent Application No. 59-34766 (see Japanese Patent Application Laid-open No. 179334-1983). As shown, a power transmission device of the type in which the center differential 30a is disposed within the mount case 41 was proposed in 1983.
As shown in No. 121552 (see Japanese Utility Model Application Publication No. 60-29728), the present invention can also be applied to a power transmission device in which the center differential 30a is omitted.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view of a power transmission device according to an embodiment of the present invention, FIG. 2 is an enlarged internal wall view of a first casing of the device, viewed in the direction of the arrow in FIG. 1, and FIG. 3 is the same. The rear view, Figure 4, shows the second part of the device.
FIG. 5 is an enlarged inner wall surface view of the enlarged portion of the second casing as seen in the direction of the arrow in FIG. 1, and FIG. Figure 7 is an enlarged partially cutaway side view taken in the direction of the arrow in Figure 2, Figure 7 is a sectional view of the same device seen in the direction of the arrow in Figure 2, and Figure 8 corresponds to a part of Figure 2 showing a modification of the present invention. FIG. Explanation of symbols, 10... Transaxle case, 11, 12... Casing, 13-15...
Accommodating part, 20... Speed change gear mechanism, 30... Differential mechanism, 40... Direction changing mechanism, 51
...Oil pump, 53, 55...Oil tube, 54a, 54b, 56a-56c...Oil hole.

Claims (1)

[Scope of utility model registration request] A transaxle case housing a transmission gear mechanism includes a first gear mechanism that distributes and outputs power input from the transmission gear mechanism to a front wheel side and a rear wheel side, respectively;
A second gear mechanism is connected to the second gear mechanism and located coaxially therein, and transmits the power input from the same gear mechanism to the front wheel side or the rear wheel side. In the vehicle power transmission device, which communicates with the gear mechanism and stores lubricating oil in the storage part, the transmission gear mechanism and the first gear mechanism are located below the transmission gear mechanism and the first gear mechanism in the transaxle case. an oil pump that is driven by one of the transaxle cases;
A power transmission device for a vehicle, characterized in that the power transmission device is connected to a lubricating oil supply oil path extending to a location where a gear mechanism is disposed.