JPS644087B2 - - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to a wick vaporization type liquid fuel combustion device that is widely used in oil stoves, oil stoves, and the like.

Conventionally, in this type of liquid fuel combustion device in which liquid fuel is sucked up by the capillary action of the lamp wick and vaporized and burned from the tip of the wick, the fuel vaporization part at the tip of the wick is constantly exposed to high temperatures during combustion, and Because the atmosphere contains sufficient oxygen, a portion of the liquid fuel is oxidized and polycondensed to easily generate tar-like substances.This tar-like substance forms and accumulates in the fuel vaporization section, causing the following problems to occur. There were various drawbacks such as:

At the time of ignition, a part of the lamp wick or a part of the attached auxiliary wick is ignited by an ignition heater, etc., and the flame spreads over the entire length of the lamp, but this part of the lamp is always supplied with kerosene. Ta. Therefore, during combustion, some of the fuel components change into tar-like substances due to the high temperature and the presence of oxygen, which accumulates in the fire area and obstructs the supply of fuel to the fire area or causes damage to this area. Vaporizing capillaries were blocked, making it impossible to ignite or start a fire, or the rate of fire-starting was significantly reduced, producing large amounts of odor, soot, and carbon monoxide.

The generated tar-like substances clog the surface of the fuel vaporization section and the capillary tubes inside, suppressing fuel suction and vaporization, resulting in a reduction in the amount of combustion.

The decrease in combustion rate disrupts the balance between air and fuel in the combustion chamber, resulting in incomplete combustion and the generation of large amounts of toxic carbon monoxide, odors, and soot.

Due to the accumulation of tar-like substances, the volume (thickness) of the fuel vaporization section increases, making it impossible to extinguish the fire by lowering the wick, creating a dangerous situation.

In some cases, tar-like substances flowed between the lamp wick and the metal part supporting it, causing the two to stick together, resulting in a dangerous situation due to inoperability as described above. In addition, the formation and accumulation of tar-like substances that cause these problems can occur if a part of the fuel is altered (for example, if it is left at high temperatures or under direct sunlight for a long period of time, oxides, peroxides, etc. are formed). , different types of high boiling point components are mixed (e.g. light oil in kerosene,
This occurs in a very short time when heavy oil, salad oil, machine oil, etc. are mixed in.

The present invention eliminates these conventional drawbacks, maintains fast ignition and fire speed, prevents the generation of soot during the transition period after ignition, smoothes the transition to stable combustion, and eliminates odors, soot, and monoxide. In addition to suppressing the generation of carbon, etc., it also prevents the reduction in fuel vaporization (reduction in combustion amount) and the subsequent generation of odors, soot, carbon monoxide, etc. over a long period of time, resulting in stable combustion. The purpose is to provide a liquid fuel combustion device with excellent safety.

In order to achieve this object, the present invention provides a combustion chamber composed of an inner and an outer flame cylinder having a large number of air holes, a main core whose upper part is exposed in this combustion chamber, and a combustion chamber provided on one side of the main core. The auxiliary wick for fireworks is provided with a shield provided between the main wick and the auxiliary wick for fireworks so that fuel does not pass therethrough, and the lower end of the auxiliary wick is positioned above the fuel liquid level during combustion. In addition, a plurality of air hole rows each having a plurality of air holes arranged in a straight line in the vertical direction are provided on the circumferential surface of at least one of the inner and outer flame cylinders facing the fuel vaporizing portion of the main core, and the air hole rows are The interval between the uppermost air hole and the air hole provided above the position facing the fuel vaporization section above the air hole is larger than the interval between the air holes in the vertical direction in other parts.

With this configuration, the auxiliary wick for the fire area during combustion is in a dry firing state, and there is no generation or accumulation of tar-like substances, and even during long-term use, the fire starts quickly when ignited. On the other hand, in steady combustion, in addition to the air supplied from the uppermost air hole of a row of air holes arranged in a straight line in the vertical direction, the air supplied from the lower air hole joins. Therefore, there is a large amount of air near the air holes at the top, creating a flammable region. Therefore, at the beginning of use, small and weak pore flames are formed in the uppermost air hole, which is the wall facing the fuel vaporization section, despite the high fuel gas concentration.

Next, as tar-like substances are generated and accumulated in the fuel vaporization section due to long-term use, the fuel gas concentration decreases and the temperature of the fuel vaporization section and surroundings rises, causing a large and strong pore flame to form at the top. It becomes like this. Most of the combustion heat increased by the expansion of this pore flame is supplied to the fuel vaporization section to promote vaporization and recover the fuel vaporization amount (combustion amount), and also has the effect of thermally decomposing and removing tar-like substances. This prevents a decrease in fuel vaporization amount (combustion amount). Furthermore, since the tar-like substances are decomposed and removed as described above, an increase in the thickness of the fuel vaporization part and adhesion to metal parts can be avoided, and it is also possible to prevent problems in vertical operation of the wick. As mentioned above, in order to form a pore flame during steady combustion, the air is set to be larger near the top of the air hole row than in other parts, but at the time of ignition, the fuel gas concentration is However, in the present invention, the air hole at the top of the air hole row and the position above the air hole facing the fuel vaporization section are Since the gap between the provided air hole and the air hole is larger than the gap in other parts to reduce the amount of air supplied, no soot is generated during ignition as described above.

An embodiment of the present invention will be described below based on the accompanying drawings. In Fig. 1, 1 is a combustion tube, and a cylindrical inner flame tube 2, outer flame tube 3, and outer flame tube 4 are arranged approximately concentrically, and the combustion chamber is formed between the inner flame tube 2 and the outer flame tube 3. 5 is formed. On the other hand, a cylindrical lamp wick 9 fixed to a cylindrical wick retainer 8 is provided between the inner wick cylinder 6 and the outer wick cylinder 7, and the tip of the wick 9 is exposed to the combustion chamber 5 as a fuel vaporization part 9a. ing. The lamp wick 9 is moved up and down together with the wick holding fitting 8 by a wick up and down means (not shown). Air hole 2 in inner flame tube 2
a, the outer flame tube 3 has an air hole row 3a and an air hole 3
A plurality of each of b and 3c are provided. Second
The figure is an enlarged view of the main parts. Here, on the circumferential surface of the outer flame tube 3 facing the fuel vaporization part 9a of the outer flame tube 3, a plurality of air hole rows 3a are arranged in a straight line in the vertical direction, and the air hole rows are arranged in a straight line in the vertical direction. A plurality of air holes 3c are provided above the air holes 3a, alternately staggered in each stage. The air hole 3b at the top of the air hole row 3a
The diameter of the air hole is larger than the diameter of the other air holes in the air hole row 3a. Also, the vertical air hole interval Y between the air hole 3b at the top stage of the air hole row 3a and the stage directly above the air hole row is the vertical air hole interval X in the other part,
It is larger than Z. The air hole interval X in the vertical direction in the air hole row 3a is set smaller than the air hole intervals Y and Z in the vertical direction in other parts. As shown in FIG. 3, the lamp wick 9 is attached to the fire wick 9c with its tip protruding inside the main wick 9b, and both are separated by a shield 9d such as aluminum foil that prevents the passage of fuel. Further, the lower end of the fire wick 9c is located above and apart from the fuel liquid level (broken line A-A') during combustion, and is configured to be immersed in the fuel when the fire wick 9 is lowered to extinguish the fire. (When extinguishing a fire, the fuel will be submerged up to the point indicated by the broken line B-B'). In addition,
9a is a fuel vaporizer, and 9e is a fixing tape.

In the above configuration, when a part of the fire wick 9c is ignited by an ignition heater or the like, the flame immediately moves to the entire length of the fire wick 9c, and at the same time, the fuel vaporization in the main wick 9b is sequentially promoted, and the inside of the combustion chamber 5 is The combustion state transitions to a stable combustion state. In this combustion state, the lower end of the fire wick 9c is placed above the fuel liquid level as explained in FIG. 3, and is separated from the main wick 9b by the shield 9d, so that new fuel cannot There is no supply, and when the fuel contained in the fire wick 8b is completely vaporized, there is no fuel, resulting in a so-called dry firing state. Therefore, during combustion, the fire wick 9c is in a dry state, and there is no accumulation of tar-like substances, and when the fire is extinguished, the lower end of the fire wick 9c is immersed in the fuel, and the fuel is quickly sucked up. Therefore, the above-mentioned performance can be maintained in a favorable state with almost no change even during long-term use. On the other hand, in steady combustion, the fuel vaporizes from the surface of the main core 9b, but the surface of the main core 9b is at a high temperature and in contact with oxygen, so that tar-like substances may be generated and accumulated. Particularly when a part of the fuel is oxidized or deteriorated, or when a high boiling point component is mixed in, the generation and accumulation of tar-like substances increases, and the capillary tubes on or inside the main core 9b are clogged in a relatively short period of time. Ru. This impairs the vaporization of the fuel, causing the air-fuel ratio to collapse and resulting in incomplete combustion, which causes the generation of odors, soot, carbon monoxide, and the like. During steady combustion in the initial stage of use, the fuel gas concentration near the fuel vaporization section 9a is sufficiently high and the temperature is low, so that this is an area where pore flames are usually difficult to form. The flow inside the combustion chamber 5 is a vertical flow from the bottom to the top, and the air flowing in from the lower air hole flows directly upward while being somewhat diffused. Therefore, if the air holes are arranged with their vertical axes shifted as shown in Figure 4A, the air flow (F in the figure) will mix with the surrounding fuel gas before reaching the upper air hole. As a result, a pore flame is difficult to form at the opposing portion of the fuel vaporization section 9a, and even if it is formed, it is unstable and causes flashing and the like. In this embodiment, since a plurality of air hole rows 3a are provided in which air holes are arranged linearly in the vertical direction as shown in FIG. 4B, air is supplied from the air hole 3b at the top of the air hole rows 3a In addition to this, the air (air flow F) supplied from the air holes in the lower part joins together, resulting in a large amount of air in the vicinity of the air holes 3b in the uppermost part, resulting in a flammable region. Therefore, at the beginning of use, the fuel gas concentration is high and a pore flame is formed in the uppermost air hole 3b despite the low temperature. The diameter of the uppermost air hole 3b is larger than the diameter of the other air holes in the air hole row 3a, and the vertical air hole interval X in the air hole row 3a is larger than the vertical air hole intervals Y and Z in other parts. By making the amount smaller, the above-mentioned effect is enhanced and a stable stomatal flame can be formed. As mentioned above, in order to form a pore flame during steady combustion, the air is set to be larger in the vicinity of the uppermost part of the air hole row 3a than in other parts, so the ignition start-up with low fuel gas concentration At times, the amount of air becomes excessive, causing local excessive combustion and making it easy to generate soot.
is larger than the distances X and Z in other parts to reduce the amount of air supplied, so that practically no soot is generated at the start of ignition. Next, the fifth
As shown in Figure A, the pore flame f at the beginning of use is small and weakly formed on the inner wall side of the outer flame cylinder 3 because of the high fuel gas concentration, and steady combustion occurs in this state. On the other hand, as tar-like substances t accumulate in the fuel vaporization section 9a as shown in FIG. As a result, a large and strong pore flame f is formed on the side of the fuel vaporization section 9a. A slight decrease in the amount of fuel vaporization easily causes expansion of the pore flame f, and the expansion of the pore flame f matches the degree of decrease in the amount of fuel vaporization. Since this pore flame f is located at a position facing the fuel vaporization section 9a, most of the combustion heat increased due to the expansion of the pore flame f is given to the fuel vaporization section 9a without being lost to others, promoting vaporization and fuel vaporization. In addition to restoring the amount of fuel, the accumulated tar-like substance t is also thermally decomposed and removed, thereby preventing a decrease in the amount of fuel vaporized. In this way, the pore flame f of the air hole 3b is expanded toward the fuel vaporization section 9a in accordance with the amount of tar-like substances generated in the fuel vaporization section 9a, suppressing a decrease in the amount of fuel vaporization, and reducing the tar-like substance t. It is decomposed and removed, and good combustion can be maintained over a long period of time without producing odor, soot, carbon monoxide, etc. In this embodiment, the air hole array 3a is formed in the outer flame cylinder 3 with the main core 9b facing outside and the fire wick 9c facing inside, but the above effect can also be sufficiently achieved even in the opposite case. By the way, Figure 6 shows the effect of burning kerosene mixed with 0.1% by volume of salad oil in a kerosene stove. With the conventional model (solid line A), the calorific value (Kcal/h) decreased to 70% of the rated value in about 10 hours.
Although the amount of carbon monoxide and odor generated increased, the example of the present invention (solid line B) still maintained a calorific value of 90% or more of the rated value even after 100 hours of combustion.
Almost no carbon monoxide or odor was observed.

Further, in the above configuration, since the tar-like substance t is decomposed and removed, stable and preferable performance can be maintained without impairing the ignitability and fire transferability at the time of ignition. Further, an increase in the thickness of the fuel vaporizing portion 9a and adhesion to metal parts such as the inner wick tube 6 and outer wick tube 7 can be avoided, and hindrance to vertical operation of the lamp wick 9 can also be prevented.

As described above, the liquid fuel combustion device of the present invention has a plurality of air hole rows in which a plurality of air holes are arranged linearly in the vertical direction on the circumferential surface of at least one of the inner and outer flame cylinder walls facing the fuel vaporization section. In addition to the amount of air supplied from the air hole at the top of the row of air holes, the air supplied from the lower section merges, resulting in a large amount of air near the air hole at the top, which becomes a flammable area and reaches the top. Stomatal flames are formed in the upper air holes. In addition, the air volume near the top stage air hole is set to be larger than in the other parts, so during the transition period after ignition, the fuel gas concentration is low and the air volume is excessive, causing local excessive combustion and producing soot. However, here, the amount of air supplied is determined by making the vertical air hole interval between the top air hole and the air hole provided above the position facing the fuel vaporization part above this air hole larger than the interval in other parts. As a result, there is virtually no soot generation during the rising transition period as described above. Therefore, pore flames are formed in the air holes provided on the circumferential surfaces of the inner and outer flame cylinder walls at positions facing the fuel vaporization section, which is an area where pore flames are normally difficult to form, without causing any other adverse effects. becomes possible. This pore flame expands toward the fuel vaporization section in response to the reduced combustion amount due to tar-like substances generated in the fuel vaporization section, increases the amount of heat given to the fuel vaporization section, and captures the vaporization, resulting in the amount of fuel vaporized. At the same time, tar-like substances are thermally decomposed and removed, maintaining fast ignition and flame speed over a long period of time, preventing soot generation during the transition period after ignition, and promoting a transition to stable combustion. In addition to suppressing the generation of odors, soot, carbon monoxide, etc., it also prevents the decrease in the amount of fuel vaporization and the generation of odors, soot, carbon monoxide, etc. that follow this over a long period of time. This ensures stable combustion.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

Fig. 1 is a partially cutaway front view of a liquid fuel combustion device according to an embodiment of the present invention, Fig. 2 is an enlarged sectional view of the main part thereof, Fig. 3 is a perspective view of the main part, Fig. 4A,
B and FIGS. 5A and 5B are explanatory diagrams of its operation, and FIG. 6 is its characteristic diagram. 1... Combustion tube, 2... Inner flame tube, 2a... Air hole, 3... Outer flame tube, 3a... Air hole row, 3b...
Top stage air hole, 3c... Air hole, 4... Outer cylinder, 5
... Combustion chamber, 9 ... Light wick, 9a ... Fuel vaporization section,
9b...main wick, 9c...fire wick (auxiliary wick for fire), 9d...shielding body.

Claims (1)

[Scope of Claims] 1. A combustion chamber composed of an inner and an outer flame cylinder having a large number of air holes, a main wick whose upper part is exposed in this combustion chamber, and a fire support provided on one side of the main wick. a wick, and a shield provided between the main wick and an auxiliary wick for fire-related use so that fuel does not pass therethrough, and the lower end of the auxiliary wick is positioned above the fuel liquid level during combustion, and the main A plurality of air hole rows each having a plurality of air holes arranged in a straight line in the vertical direction are provided on the circumferential surface of at least one of the inner and outer flame cylinder walls facing the fuel vaporizing portion of the wick, and the uppermost stage of the air hole rows is provided. The vertical air hole spacing between the air hole and the air hole provided above the position facing the fuel vaporizing section above the air hole is larger than the vertical air hole spacing in other parts of the liquid fuel. Combustion device. 2. Claim 1 in which the diameter of the air hole at the top of the air hole row is larger than the diameter of the other air holes in the same air hole row.
The liquid fuel combustion device described in . 3 The vertical air hole spacing in the air hole row is:
The liquid fuel combustion device according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the interval between the air holes in the vertical direction is smaller than the interval between the air holes in the other parts.