JPS58123006A - Liquid fuel combustor - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To smoothly transfer from ignition of fuel to stable combustion by providing plural rows of specific air holes on the peripheral side of at least one of inner and outer cylinder walls facing the fuel vaporizing portion of a fuelsucking wick provided in contact with a combustion chamber between the inner and outer flame cylinders. CONSTITUTION:A petroleum stove is provided with a combustion cylinder 1 having inner and outer flame cylinders 2 and 3 and an outer cylinder 4 almost concentrically arranged, and a wick 9 is provided in contact with a combustion chamber 5 between the inner and outer flame cylinders 2 and 3. In this case, plural air hole rows 3a linearly arranged in the vertical direction are provided in the peripheral side of the outer flame cylinder 3 in the face of the fuel vaporizing portion 9a, plural air hole rows 3c are laterally provided close to each other above the air hole rows 3a, and plural air hole rows 3d are further laterally provided in an alternately biased manner for each stage above the plural air hole rows 3c. The sizes of the uppermost stage air holes 3b of the air hole rows 3a are made larger than the other air holes, and the distances (X) between the vertical air holes of the air hole rows 3a are made smaller than the others (Y).

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to a wick vaporization type liquid fuel combustion device that is widely used in oil stoves, oil stoves, and the like.

Conventionally, in this type of liquid fuel combustion device in which liquid fuel is sucked up by the capillary action of the lamp wick and vaporized and burned from the tip of the wick, the fuel vaporization part at the tip of the wick is constantly exposed to high temperature during combustion, and Because the atmosphere contains sufficient oxygen, a portion of the liquid fuel undergoes oxidation and nine polycondensation to easily generate tar-like substances, which accumulate in the fuel vaporization section, resulting in lower There were various drawbacks such as:

■ When igniting, a part of the lamp wick or a part of the attached auxiliary wick is ignited by an ignition heater, etc., and the flame spreads over the entire length of the lamp, but the part that is heated is always supplied with kerosene. I was in a state of Therefore, during combustion, some of the fuel components change into tar-like substances due to the high temperature and the presence of oxygen, which accumulates in this large flange and obstructs the supply of fuel to the fire pit, or prevents the vaporization of the rim. The capillary tubes of the fire were blocked, making it impossible to ignite or spread the fire, or the speed of fire was significantly reduced, producing large amounts of odor, soot, and carbon monoxide.

■ The generated tar-like substance blocks the capillary tubes on and inside the fuel vaporization section, suppresses fuel suction and vaporization, and causes a decrease in combustion amount.

■ The decrease in combustion rate disrupts the balance between air and fuel in the combustion chamber, resulting in incomplete combustion and the generation of large amounts of toxic carbon monoxide, odors, and soot.

■ Due to the accumulation of tar-like substances, the volume (thickness) of the fuel vaporization section increases, making it impossible to extinguish the fire by lowering the wick, creating a dangerous situation.

(2) Tar-like substances may flow between the wick and the metal part supporting it, causing them to stick together, resulting in a dangerous situation due to inoperability as described above. In addition, the formation and accumulation of tar-like substances that cause these problems can occur if a portion of the fuel has deteriorated (for example, if it is left at high temperatures or under direct sunlight for a long period of time, oxides, peroxides, etc. are formed). , different types of Gaohong point components are mixed (for example, kerosene contains 1 diesel oil, 1 heavy oil, and 1 salad oil).
This occurs significantly in a short period of time when machine oil, etc. is mixed in.

The present invention eliminates these conventional drawbacks, smoothes the transition from ignition to stable combustion, suppresses the generation of odors, soot, carbon monoxide, etc., and further reduces the amount of fuel vaporized (combustion The purpose is to provide a liquid fuel combustion device with excellent safety by preventing the generation of odors, soot, carbon monoxide, etc. that occur following this, and ensuring seven-stable combustion. be.

In order to achieve this object, the present invention provides a combustion chamber composed of an inner and an outer flame cylinder having a large number of air holes, a main window whose upper part is exposed in this combustion chamber, and a main window provided on one side of the main window. It is equipped with an auxiliary wick for a large-scale rotation, and a shield that prevents fuel from passing between the main window and the auxiliary wick for a large-scale rotation, and a lower end of the auxiliary wick,
It is configured to be located above the fuel liquid level during combustion, and a plurality of air holes are arranged in a straight line in the vertical direction on at least one side of the inner and outer flame tubes facing the fuel vaporization part of the main window. A plurality of air hole rows are provided, and a plurality of air holes are provided densely in the horizontal direction above the air hole rows. With this configuration, the auxiliary wick for the fire area is in a dry firing state during combustion, and there is no generation or accumulation of tar-like substances, and even during long-term use, the wick is quickly turned off at the time of ignition. On the other hand, in steady combustion, in addition to the air supplied from the uppermost air hole of a row of air holes arranged in a straight line in the vertical direction, the air supplied from the lower air hole joins. Therefore, there is a large amount of air in the vicinity of the air holes at the top, which results in a flammable region. Further, since the air holes are arranged in a dense manner in the lateral direction above the air hole row, a large amount of air is supplied and a stable and dense pore flame is formed. This pore flame causes the vicinity of the uppermost air hole in the air hole array to become high temperature.
□Therefore, even though the fuel gas concentration is high near the fuel vaporization section at the beginning of use, a small and weak pore flame is stably formed in the uppermost air hole in the wall near the fuel vaporization section.

Next, when tar-like substances are generated and accumulated in the fuel vaporization part due to long-term use, the fuel gas concentration decreases and the fuel vaporization part and ambient temperature rise, causing a large and strong pore flame to form at the top. Become so. Most of the combustion heat increased due to the expansion of this pore flame is supplied to the fuel vaporization section to promote vaporization and recover the fuel vaporization amount (combustion amount), and also has the effect of thermally decomposing and removing tar-like substances. This prevents a decrease in fuel vaporization amount (combustion amount). In addition, as the tar-like substances are decomposed and removed as described above, it is possible to avoid an increase in the thickness of the fuel vaporization part and to prevent it from sticking to metal parts, and it is also possible to prevent problems in the vertical operation of the lamp wick.

An embodiment of the present invention will be described below based on the accompanying drawings.

In FIG. 1, numeral 1 is a combustion tube, and cylindrical inner flame tube 2. The outer flame cylinder 3 and the outer cylinder 4 are arranged approximately concentrically, and the inner flame cylinder 2
A combustion chamber 6 is formed between the outer flame tube 3 and the outer flame tube 3. On the other hand, a wick 9 fixed to a wick holder 8 is provided between the inner wick tube 6 and the outer wick tube 7, and the tip of the wick 9 is exposed to the combustion chamber 6 as a fuel vaporization section 9a. The wick 9 is moved up and down together with the wick holder 8 by a wick up/down means (not shown).

The inner flame tube 2 has air holes 21L, and the outer flame tube 3 has an air hole row 31.
A plurality of L1 and air holes 3b, 30, and 3d are each provided. FIG. 2 is an enlarged view of essential parts in one embodiment of the present invention. Here, on the surface of the outer flame tube 3 facing the fuel vaporizing portion 9a of the outer flame tube 3, there are provided a plurality of air hole rows 3L arranged linearly in the vertical direction, and this air hole row 3a Above the air hole 30, a plurality of air holes are arranged densely in the lateral direction, and above the air hole 30, a plurality of air holes 3d are provided at alternate intervals in each stage. The diameter of the air hole 3b at the top of the air hole row 3a is also larger than the diameter of the other air holes in the air hole row 3IL. Further, the air hole interval X in the vertical direction in the air hole row 31L is set smaller than the air hole interval Y in the vertical direction in other parts.

As shown in FIG. 3, the lamp wick 9 is attached to the fire wick 9C with its tip protruding inside the wick 9b, and the two are separated by a shield 9d such as aluminum foil that prevents the passage of fuel. Further, the lower end of the large wick 9C is located above and apart from the fuel liquid level (broken line Moom') during combustion, and is configured to be immersed in the fuel when the wick 9 is lowered to extinguish the fire. (
When extinguishing a fire, the fuel will be submerged up to the point indicated by the broken line B-B')
. Note that 9a is a fuel vaporization section, and 9el is a fixing tape.

In the above configuration, when a part of the fire wick 9C is ignited by a large heater or the like, the flame quickly moves to the entire length of the fire wick 9C, and at the same time, sequentially promotes the fuel vaporization of the main body 9b,
The combustion chamber 6 transitions to a stable combustion state. In this combustion state, the lower end of the fire wick 9c is placed above the fuel liquid level as explained in FIG. 3, and is also separated from the first wick 9b by the shield 9d. There is no fuel supply, and when the fuel contained in the fire wick 8b is completely vaporized, there is no fuel, resulting in a so-called dry firing state. Therefore, during combustion, the wick 9c is in a dry state, and there is no accumulation of tar-like substances, and when the fire is extinguished, the lower end of the wick 9c is immersed in the fuel, and the fuel is quickly sucked up. Therefore, the above-mentioned performance can be maintained in a favorable state with almost no change even during long-term use. On the other hand, in steady combustion, the fuel vaporizes from the surface of the main body 9b;
Since the surfaces are hot and in contact with oxygen, the formation and accumulation of tar-like substances can occur. Particularly when a part of the fuel is oxidized or deteriorated, or when a high-boiling point component is mixed in, tar-like substances are generated and accumulated in large quantities, and the capillary tubes on the surface or inside of one wick 9b are clogged in a relatively short period of time. Ru.

This impairs the vaporization of the fuel, causing the air-fuel ratio to collapse and resulting in incomplete combustion, which causes the generation of odors, soot, carbon monoxide, and the like. During steady combustion in the initial stage of use, the fuel gas concentration near the fuel vaporization section 9a is sufficiently high and the temperature is low, so it is an area in which it is difficult for a pore flame to normally form. The flow within the combustion chamber 6 is a vertical flow from bottom to top, and the air flowing in from the lower air holes flows directly upward while being somewhat diffused. Therefore, as shown in Figure 4, if the air holes are arranged with their vertical axes shifted as shown in (M), the air flow (F in the figure) will pass through the surrounding fuel gas before reaching the upper air hole. As a result, it is difficult to form a pore flame in the opposing part of the fuel vaporization section 9a, and even if it does, it is unstable and causes flashing and the like. In this embodiment, since a plurality of air hole rows 3a are provided in which air holes are arranged linearly in the vertical direction as shown in FIG. In addition to the air supplied from the air holes in the lower part (
The air flows F) merge, and a large amount of air becomes present near the air holes 3b at the top, resulting in a flammable region.

In addition, air holes that are dense in the horizontal direction are provided above the air hole row 3a, and a large amount of air is supplied from the air holes 3C to form a stable and dense pore flame in the air holes 3C. becomes. Due to the dense pore flame of the air holes 3C, the vicinity of the uppermost air hole 3b of the air hole row becomes high temperature. Therefore, due to the above-mentioned effect, a pore flame is formed in the uppermost air hole 3b even though the fuel gas concentration is usually high and the temperature is low in the initial stage of use. The diameter of the uppermost air hole 3b is smaller than the diameter of the other air holes in the air hole row 3a, and the vertical air hole interval X in the air hole row 3a is the same as the vertical air hole interval in other parts! By making the size smaller, the above-mentioned effect is increased and a stable pore flame can be formed. Next, as shown in Fig. 6 (Al), the pore flame f at the beginning of use is small and weakly formed on the inner wall side of the outer flame tube 3 due to the high concentration of fuel gas, and steady combustion occurs in this state. - Long-term use of the blade As shown in FIG. 6(B), when the tar-like substance t accumulates in the fuel vaporization section 9&, the temperature of the fuel vaporization section 9a and the surrounding area also rises, and the fuel gas concentration near the air hole 3b also increases. decreases, a large and strong pore flame f is produced on the fuel vaporization section 9a side.
begins to form. A small amount of fuel vaporization and a decrease in the amount of fuel easily causes expansion of the pore flame f, and the expansion of the pore flame f matches the degree of decrease in the amount of fuel vaporization. This stomatitis f
is located opposite the fuel vaporization section 9a, so the pore flame f
Most of the combustion heat increased due to the expansion of the fuel gas is given to the fuel vaporization section 9a without being transferred to other heat sources to promote vaporization and recover the amount of fuel vaporization, and at the same time, the accumulated tar-like substances t are thermally decomposed and removed. This also works to prevent a decrease in the amount of fuel vaporized. In this way, the pore flame f of the air hole 3b is expanded toward the fuel vaporization section 9a in accordance with the amount of tar-like material generated in the fuel nucleation section 9a, suppressing a decrease in the amount of fuel vaporization, and reducing the amount of tar-like material t. is decomposed and removed, making it possible to maintain good combustion over a long period of time without producing odor, soot, carbon monoxide, etc. In the present embodiment, the air hole 3a is formed in the outer flame cylinder 3 with the main body 9b being on the outside and the core 9c being on the inside, but the above effect can also be sufficiently achieved even in the opposite case. Incidentally, Figure 6 shows the effect of burning kerosene mixed with 0.1 volume of salad oil in a kerosene stove. With the conventional model (solid line B), the calorific value (Kd/h) decreased to 70% of the rating in about 10 hours, and the amount of carbon oxide and odor generated increased, but with the present invention (solid line B), Even after 100 hours of combustion, the calorific value was still 90% or more of the rated value, and almost no carbon oxide or odor was observed.

- Furthermore, in the above configuration, since the tar-like substance t is decomposed and removed, stable and favorable performance can be maintained without impairing the ignitability or large-scale transferability at the time of ignition. In addition, an increase in the thickness of the fuel vaporization part 9& and adhesion to metal parts such as the inner wick tube 6 and outer wick tube 7 can be avoided, and hindrance to vertical operation of the lamp wick 9 can also be prevented.

As described above, the liquid fuel combustion device of the present invention smoothes the transition from ignition to stable combustion, suppresses the generation of odors, soot, carbon monoxide, etc., and further reduces the amount of fuel vaporized over a long period of time. Prevention of deterioration, and the odor and
The generation of soot, carbon oxide, etc. can be extremely reduced.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

Fig. 1 is a partially cutaway front view of a liquid fuel combustion device according to an embodiment of the present invention, Fig. 2 is an enlarged view of its main parts, Fig. 3 is a perspective view of its main parts, and Figs. Figures 5 and 5B are explanatory diagrams of its action, and Figure 6 is its characteristic diagram. 1... Combustion tube, 2... Inner flame tube, 21L
...Air vent, 3...Outer flame tube, 3&...
...Air hole row, 3b...Top stage air hole, 3
C...Dense air hole, 3d...Air hole, 4...Outer cylinder, 6...Combustion chamber, 9...
...Light wick, 9iL...Fuel vaporization section, 9b.
... Main purpose, 9C ... Fire wick (auxiliary wick for large fire), 9d ... Shielding body. Name of agent: Patent attorney Toshio Nakao and 1 other person No. 1
Figure 2 Figure 3 Figure f4 S4 Figure 5L; 4 f5 Figure 6 Koshirayazaki closed (Shimon)

Claims (2)

[Claims] (1) A combustion chamber consisting of an inner and outer flame part having numerous air holes, a main window with the upper side exposed in this combustion chamber, and an auxiliary wick for a fire starter provided on one side of this main window; a shielding body provided between the main window and the auxiliary wick for fire-spinning so that the fuel does not pass therethrough; A plurality of air hole rows each having a plurality of air holes arranged in a straight line in the vertical direction are provided on at least one side of the inner and outer flame cylinder walls facing the fuel vaporizing portion of the main window, and above the air hole rows. A liquid fuel combustion device with multiple air holes arranged closely in the horizontal direction. (2) The liquid fuel combustion device according to claim 1, wherein the diameter of the air hole at the top of the air hole row is larger than the diameters of the other air holes in the air hole row. ((b) The liquid fuel combustion device according to claim 1, wherein the air hole spacing in the vertical direction in the air hole row is smaller than the air hole spacing in the vertical direction in other parts.