JPS643623Y2 - - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to an automatic removal device for removing bolts fastened to a workpiece, and in particular to an automatic removal device for seated bolts.

For example, in an automatic engine assembly line, there are cases where a bolt that has been tightened to a workpiece must be removed before proceeding to the next process, and in this case, an automatic bolt removal device is used.

However, this type of device generally involves engaging a socket with the head of a bolt that is tightened to a workpiece.
The bolt is loosened by rotation of the socket, and the bolt is lifted upward while being held and dropped onto a chute that is entered below, but conventionally, there have been the following problems. In other words, the socket and the bolt head may become abnormally tightly engaged due to foreign matter getting caught or unnatural engagement, etc.
Even if the locking means is released, the bolt may not fall out of the socket, and in that case, the bolt that was removed in the previous operation is retained in the socket and the device or workpiece is moved to the next operation. Either the bolt was damaged or, to prevent this, the equipment had to be stopped and the bolt held in the socket removed.

To solve this problem, it is possible to relatively easily and reliably remove the bolt from the socket by applying a lateral force to the shaft of the bolt held in the socket. A problem arises in that when a lateral force is applied to the bolt, the head of the bolt is forced into the recess of the socket, damaging the inner surface of the recess corresponding to the bolt head.

However, if the target bolt is a bolt with a seat provided at the lower end of the head, the above problem cannot be caused by appropriately setting the shape of the socket or the dimensional relationship with the bolt. This allows the bolt to fall off without any problems.

In other words, as shown in Figure 1, the recess of socket A
If the dimensional relationship is set so that when the head B ₁ of bolt B is engaged with A ₁ , the seat B ₂ of bolt B will come into contact with the lower end surface A ₂ of socket A, then bolt B will be attached to socket A. If the bolt B does not fall off,
When a lateral external force is applied to the shaft portion B ₃ of the bolt B, the entire bolt B swings in the D direction using the abutting portion C between the tip of the seat B ₂ and the lower end surface A ₂ of the socket A as a fulcrum. This allows the head _B1 to be pulled out smoothly without being forced into the recess _A1 of the socket A.

The present invention focuses on the above-mentioned points, and aims to realize an automatic seat bolt removal device which is particularly suitable for seat bolts and is capable of reliably dropping a bolt removed from a workpiece from a socket without damaging the socket. With the goal.

That is, the present invention includes a socket that closely engages the head of a bolt with a seat fastened to a workpiece;
In the automatic bolt removal device with a seat, the chute has a chute that can freely enter a lower position of the socket and eject a bolt that is lifted upward while being locked in the socket by rotation of the socket. The shape is such that the seat of the bolt contacts the lower end surface when the head of the bolt is engaged, and the seat of the bolt contacts the lower end surface of the socket when the bolt is removed from the workpiece. a locking member for locking the bolt; and a locking member provided at the rear of the chute and actuated by a cylinder so that the bolt, which has been lifted upward, is brought into a lying position when the bolt enters the lower part, and the chute is placed in a horizontal position from the entry position. It is characterized by having a bolting claw that assumes a standing position when returning to the original position. According to this configuration, the bolt that does not fall out of the socket even if the locking member is released is reliably dropped by applying a lateral external force to the shaft portion by the brushing pawl, and in that case, the bolt does not fall off from the socket. As shown in FIG. 1, the head of the bolt can be easily pulled out of the recessed portion of the socket, without damaging the inner surface of the recessed portion of the socket.

Hereinafter, the present invention will be explained based on embodiments shown in the drawings.

As shown in Figure 2, automatic bolt removal device 1
, a frame 3 erected on one side of the workpiece transfer device 2, a guide shaft 4 vertically installed on the side surface of the frame 3, and a bearing section provided on the movable base 5 on the guide shaft 4. The main components are a nut runner 7, which is provided so as to be slidable up and down by fitting 6 and 6 together, and a chute 9, which is provided with an arm 8 pivotally attached to the upper part of the frame 3 so as to be swingable. .
A cylinder 10 slides the nut runner 7 between the upper standby position shown in the figure and a lower working position, and a cylinder 11 causes the chute 9 to enter below the nut runner 7 from the side standby position shown in the figure. is equipped.

The nut runners 7 are two nut runners that are suspended from a drive unit 13 installed on the upper plate 12 of the movable base 5 and are rotatably fitted into sleeves 15, 15 fixed to the lower plate 14 of the movable base 5. The main shafts 16, 16 are constructed as shown in FIG. 3, respectively. That is, a hollow driven shaft 1 is provided at the bottom of a drive shaft 17 rotated by a drive section 13.
8 is fitted, and both ends of a pin 19 provided orthogonally to the lower end of the drive shaft 17 are fitted into a vertically elongated hole 18 formed in the side surface of the driven shaft 18.
a, 18a, the driven shaft 18 rotates together with the drive shaft 17 and can slide up and down with respect to the drive shaft 17. Then, the driven shaft 1
A spring 20 is provided that biases the drive shaft 8 downwardly with respect to the drive shaft 17. Further, a socket 21 is provided at the lower part of the driven shaft 18, and the socket 21 has a recess 21a formed in the lower end surface in a shape corresponding to the bolt head, and a spring 22 pushes the tip into the recess 21a. A push-out pin 23 is provided that is biased to project. Here, the fourth
As shown in the figure, the socket 21 has a recess 21
The shape and dimensions are such that when the head 51 of the bolt 50 with a seat is engaged with the bolt 50, the seat 52 of the bolt 50 comes into contact with the lower end surface 21b.

On the other hand, a sleeve 15 that is fixed to the lower plate 14 of the movable base 5 and rotatably holds the main shaft 16 (driven shaft 18) is provided with a pair of bolt locking claws 24, 24. The locking pawls 24, 24 are attached to a pin 2 on a bracket 25 provided on the sleeve 15, respectively.
6, and a spring 27
The tip portion 24a is urged inward by. Normally, the tips of the pair of locking claws 24, 24 are in contact with the outer peripheral surface of the socket 21, but as shown in FIG.
When the bolt 50 is engaged with the bolt 50 and the socket 21 or the driven shaft 18 moves upward relative to the sleeve 15, the tips 24a, 24a move the head 51 (seat 52) of the bolt 50 downward on both sides. It is configured to be held from

The bolt 5 is then fastened by the locking claws 24, 24.
A release rod 28 for releasing the engagement of the locking claw 24 is suspended from the drive unit 13. A cam 28a is provided at the lower end of the release rod 28, and when the rod 28 is relatively moved upward by the drive unit 13, the cam 28a presses the abutment portion 24b provided at the rear end of the locking claw 24 against the spring 27, and the locking claw 24 is released as shown by the chain line in FIG.
In the illustrated embodiment, a single release rod 28 is used to release the four claws 24...24 of the two main shafts 16, 16.
are configured to open simultaneously.

Further, as shown in FIG. 2, a bolt removing pawl 29 is provided at the rear end of the chute 9, that is, at the end that passes below the nut runner 7 during rocking. This cleaning claw 29 is pivotably supported on the lower surface of the rear end of the chute 9, and
It is configured to be swung from a lying position shown by a solid line to an upright position shown by a chain line by a cylinder 30 attached to the lower surface of the machine. And the nail 29
The switching of the posture is set so that when the chute 9 approaches below the nut runner 7 from the side, it lies down, and when it returns from the approach position to the side, it stands up.

Next, the operation of the above embodiment will be explained.

First, when the workpiece (engine cylinder head and cam cap assembled with bolts with bolts 50, 50) is transported by the transport device 2 below the bolt removal device 1, as shown in FIG. Nut runner 7 by cylinder 10
The whole is slid downward along the guide shaft 4,
A bolt 50 is inserted into the socket 21, 21 provided at the lower end of the main shaft 16, 16 in the nut runner 7.
50 heads 51, 51 engage with each other. At this time,
As shown in FIG. 4, the tip of the recess 2 has a socket 21.
The push-out pin 23 that has been protruding into the interior 1a is pushed upward against the spring 22. Next, the bolts 50, 50 are loosened by rotating the main shafts 16, 16 by the drive unit 13, and as the bolts 50, 50 are pulled out upward, the sockets 21, 21 or 21 are loosened. The driven shafts 18, 18 move upward against the springs 20, 20. Then, when the bolts 50, 50 are almost completely removed from the screw holes of the workpiece X, each pair of locking claws 24, 24 holds the head 51 of the bolt 50 from below, as shown in FIG. In this state, the entire nut runner 7 is slid upward by the cylinder 10.

After that, as shown in FIG.
Nut runner 7 held and slid upward
The chute 9 is advanced downward by the cylinder 11, and the release rod 28 is moved upward by the drive unit 13, so that the bolt 50 is released by the locking pawls 24, 24, as shown by chain lines in FIG. The locked state is released. As a result, the bolts 50, 50 are moved from the sockets 21, 21 by the action of their own weight and the push-out pins 23, 23 to the chute 9, which is waiting downward.
It is dropped onto the top and is discharged to the side by the chute 9. In this case, shoot 9
When the nut runner 7 enters below the nut runner 7, the bolt removing claw 2 provided at the rear of the chute 9
9 is in a laid down state, so the brushing claw 29 does not hit the bolts 50, 50 when the chute 9 approaches. After the bolts 50, 50 that have fallen from the sockets 21, 21 are discharged to the side, the chute 9 is returned to the side, thereby completing one bolt removal operation.

However, in the above operation, the bolts 50, 5
0 onto the chute 9, the locking claw 24...
When the locking state by 24 is released, the head 51 of the bolt 50 is inserted into the socket 21 as shown in FIG.
There are cases where the socket 21 is firmly engaged with the recess 21a and does not fall off from the socket 21 even under its own weight and the action of the push-out pin 23. However, when the chute 9 returns to the side from below the nut runner 7, the bolt removing pawl 29 provided at the rear of the chute 9 is in an upright position by the cylinder 30. A bolt 50 whose pawl 29 is held in the socket 21 by swinging in the return direction.
The shaft portion 53 is abutted from the lateral direction. This results in
This ensures that the bolt 50 is removed from the socket 21.

In this case, since the bolt 50 is held with the seat 52 in contact with the lower end surface 21b of the socket 21, even if a lateral force is applied to the shaft portion 53 of the bolt 50, the head 52 will remain in the socket. The head 52 is not twisted in the recess 21a of the head 52.
can be easily pulled out from the recess 21a.

As described above, according to the present invention, in an automatic removal device for removing a bolt with a seat fastened to a workpiece, when the head of the bolt is tightly engaged with the socket and does not fall off even when the locking means is released, The bolt can be removed reliably without causing damage to the socket. As a result, the bolt that was removed from the work in the previous operation may remain in the socket and move on to the next operation, damaging the work or equipment, or to prevent this, the equipment must be stopped and the bolt removed from the socket. This eliminates the problem of having to remove it.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

FIG. 1 is an explanatory diagram showing a state when a lateral external force is applied to the bolt with a seat. Figures 2 to 7 show an embodiment of the device of the present invention, with Figure 2 being an overall side view, Figure 3 being an enlarged vertical sectional view of the main part, and Figure 4 showing the main part with the bolt locked. An enlarged vertical sectional view, Figure 5 is a side view showing the state when the bolt is loosened during operation, Figure 6 is a side view showing the state when the bolt is lifted, and Figure 7 is a side view showing the state when the bolt is forcibly removed. FIG. 1... Removal device, 9... Shoot, 21...
... socket, 21b ... lower end surface, 24 ... locking pawl (locking member), 29 ... bolt removal pawl, 30 ... cylinder, 50 ... bolt with seat, 51 ... head,
52...za.

Claims (1)

[Scope of utility model registration request] A socket is provided that closely engages the head of a bolt with a seat that is tightened on a workpiece, and the socket is freely inserted into a lower position of the socket, and is lifted upward while being locked with the socket by rotation of the socket. An automatic removal device for bolts with seats, which is equipped with a chute capable of ejecting bolts, wherein the shape of the socket is such that the seat of the bolt comes into contact with the lower end surface of the socket when the head of the bolt with seats is engaged. and a locking member that locks the bolt with the seat of the bolt in contact with the lower end surface of the socket when the bolt is removed from the workpiece, and a locking member that is provided at the rear of the chute and that is operated by a cylinder. Automatic removal of a bolt with a seat, characterized in that it is equipped with a bolt cleaning claw that is activated and takes the chute into a lying position when the chute approaches the bolt downwardly, and takes an upright position when the chute returns to the side from the entering position. Device.