JPS6122737Y2 - - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to an apparatus for detecting whether or not a bolt is loosened or whether a bolt is present at a plurality of bolt extraction or insertion stations in an automatic assembly machine.

Conventionally, in automatic assembly machines, an independent station has been provided to detect the presence or absence of bolts and the state of the bolts falling down. Therefore, in this case, providing a dedicated detection station has the disadvantage of increasing costs.

Another possible method is to detect the bolts while the workpiece is being transported without providing a dedicated detection station. However, it is difficult to detect the bolt by directly contacting it while the work is being transported. The immediate detection method requires indirect detection using a non-contact switch (e.g., proximity switch, photoelectric switch, air micro switch, etc.), which has the disadvantage of reduced reliability and increased cost. It was hot.

The present invention eliminates these drawbacks,
It is an object of the present invention to provide a bolt abnormality detection device which is capable of detecting an abnormal condition of a bolt at a bolt extraction or insertion station immediately before the bolt extraction or insertion operation.

Next, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. In Fig. 1, there are
A support stand (hereinafter referred to as L-shaped bracket 2) is provided protruding from the conveyance path side. In the bracket 2,
A fluid pressure cylinder 4 is fixed perpendicularly to the floor surface with bolts 5. Two guide members 6, 6' are fixed on both sides of the fluid pressure cylinder 4 in parallel with the fluid pressure cylinder 4, and the through holes of the guide members 6, 6' are provided with holes as shown in FIG. Two guide rods 7 and 7' are fitted into each other so as to be slidable up and down.

A screw 9 provided at the tip of the piston rod 8 of the fluid pressure cylinder 4 is screwed into a bracket 11 fixed to the center of the base 10, so that the base 10 is supported by the fluid pressure cylinder 4 so as to be movable up and down. There is.

Further, two brackets 1 are arranged symmetrically on both sides of the bracket 11 fixed to the center of the base 10.
2, 12' are attached to the brackets 12, 12'.
One end of the two guide rods 7, 7' is inserted into 12' and fixed with a pin.

On the other hand, in FIGS. 1 and 6, the base 1
A fluid pressure cylinder 13 is provided perpendicularly to the floor surface on the side surface of the fluid pressure cylinder 13, and a screw 15 cut at the tip of the piston rod 14 of the fluid pressure cylinder 13 is screwed into a U-shaped member 16 formed in a U shape. are doing. As shown in FIG. 6, a groove 1 is cut along the longitudinal direction of the workpiece conveyance path in the center of the floor surface of the base 10.
A rectangular bearing member 18 is inserted into the bolt 1.
It is stuck at 9. As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, a power shaft 20 passes through the bearing member 18 at right angles to the longitudinal direction and is freely rotatable in the longitudinal center of the bearing member 18 provided at the bottom of the base 10. The bearing is mounted on the shaft.

Further, as shown in FIG. 4, a support 69 is fixed to the side surface of the base 10 on the side where the fluid pressure cylinder 13 is attached with a bolt 70, and a through hole 71 of the support 69 is fixed.
A bearing 72 is inserted into and fitted into. Therefore, one end of the power shaft 20 supported by the bearing member 18 is connected to the bearing 72.
An arm 22 is inserted into one end of the power shaft 20 which protrudes through the bearing 72 via a key 21.

Further, a U-shaped member 16 is screwed into a screw 15 at the tip of a piston rod 14 of a fluid pressure cylinder 13 provided on the side surface of the base 10. Further, the U-shaped member 16 engages with one end of the arm 22 to convert the vertical movement of the hydraulic cylinder 13 into a rocking movement. (Fig. 1) Also, the swing arm 2
A long connecting member 30 is inserted into the groove 73 cut at the tip of the connecting member 6, and a pin 32 is inserted in the center of the connecting member 30. Further, a plurality of swing arms 26' are engaged with the connecting member 30 through pins 32 provided at equal intervals as shown in FIG. The swing arm 26' is supported by the bearing member 18 at equal intervals, and has the same swing shaft as the power shaft 20 at the shaft end of a plurality of shafts 34 (FIG. 6) provided parallel to the power shaft 20. It is inserted through a key 27 in order to transmit motion.

Further, pawls 36 and 36' are inserted into the power shaft 20 on both sides with the bearing member 18 interposed therebetween through keys 38 and 38'. (FIGS. 1 and 4) Furthermore, the other end of the swing arm 26 provided on the power shaft 20 is engaged with a pin 32 at the center of a long connecting member 30. Keys 38, 3 are provided on both sides of the plurality of shafts 34 rotatably supported on the bearing member 18.
The claws 36, 36' are inserted through the holes 8'.

A swing arm 26' is provided at one end of each of the plurality of shafts 34.
are fixed, and the swing arms are swingably engaged with the connecting members 30 via pins 32, respectively.
(Figs. 1 and 6) On the other hand, as shown in Figs. 2 and 5, the power shaft 2
0, a driven shaft 24 is rotatably supported by the bearing member 18 and is provided parallel to the power shaft 20. A gear 25 is formed at the center of the driven shaft 24 and meshes with the gear 23 of the power shaft 20. Therefore, the movement of the driven shaft 24 is opposite to the movement of the power shaft 20.

Furthermore, a swinging arm 28 is inserted into the shaft end of the driven shaft 24 on the base 1 side via a key 29.
(Fig. 5) Also, the groove 7 cut at the tip of the swing arm 28
A connecting member 31 is inserted into and engaged with 4 through a pin 33. A plurality of swing arms 2 are connected to the connecting member 31 via pins 33 provided at equal intervals.
8' is engaged. (FIG. 7) Further, the swing arm 28' is attached to the shaft end of the plurality of shafts 35 on the base 1 side, which are supported by the bearing member 18 at equal intervals and are provided parallel to the driven shaft 24. In order to transmit the same rocking motion as the driven shaft 24, it is inserted through a key 29'. (FIG. 7) Furthermore, pawls 37 and 37' are fitted onto both sides of the driven shaft 24 with the bearing member 18 interposed therebetween via keys 39 and 39'. (FIGS. 2 and 7) Furthermore, the bearing member 18 is also clamped onto a plurality of shafts 35 that are engaged via the swinging arm 28 of the driven shaft 24 and the swinging arm 28' of the connecting member 31. Claws 37, 37' are fitted on both sides via keys 39, 39'. (Fig. 2, Fig. 7) Therefore, the key 3 is attached to the power shaft 20 and the driven shaft 24.
The pawls 36, 36' and 37, 37' inserted through 8, 38' and 39, 39' move in opposite directions. Similarly, a plurality of shafts 34 that move in the same manner as the power shaft 20 and a plurality of shafts 35 that move in the same manner as the driven shaft are alternately arranged on the bearing member 18. (FIG. 1) Therefore, the claws 36, 36' and 37, 37' provided on each of the plurality of shafts move in opposite directions, and the plurality of gripping claws 40 are mutually opened and closed by the fluid pressure cylinder 13. is configured. (FIG. 1) The structure described above is an explanation of the holding mechanism in the bolt extraction and bolt insertion device.

Next, the structure of the bolt abnormality detection device of the present invention incorporated into the device will be described.

As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, the base 10 is provided with a through stepped hole 41 perpendicular to the floor surface on the center line of each of the plurality of gripping claws. A detection shaft 42 is slidably inserted into the stepped through hole, and an abutment member 44 is fitted into the screw provided at the bottom of the detection shaft 42.
is screwed on. Furthermore, on the upper part of the detection shaft 42,
A U-shaped groove 45 is cut out to cross the detection axis at right angles (FIG. 4). On the other hand, bearings 48, 48 are provided at the four corners of the base 10 forming a rectangular plane as shown in FIG. ' and 49, 49' are provided, and a support shaft 46 is rotatably supported parallel to the base 1 by the bearings 48, 48'. Arms 51, 52 are inserted into both ends of the support shaft 46, which protrudes through the bearings 48, 48', via keys 50, 50'.

Furthermore, a shaft 54 is inserted into through holes 53, 53' provided in each of the arms 51, 52 in parallel with the support shaft 46, and a frame 55 is provided which can swing around the support shaft 46 as a fulcrum.
is configured.

On the other hand, bearings 49, 49' provided on the base 1 side
A support shaft 47 is rotatably supported in parallel with the base 1, and the front frame 64 is configured to be swingable about the support shaft 47 as described above.

Adapters 56 and 56' are inserted into the shafts 54 and 54' of the frames 55 and 64, respectively, and are arranged at equal intervals. Furthermore, as shown in FIG. 6, the adapters 56, 56' are supported by screws 58 against the sides of the shafts 54, 54' passing through the adapters.

As shown in FIG.
6', the compression spring 57 placed on the base 10 is trying to push the swinging side shaft upward.

However, the axes 54, 54' on the swinging side are the detection axis 4.
The detection shaft 42 is supported at a constant height by a compression spring 59 that engages with a U-shaped groove 45 provided on the top of the detection shaft 42 and presses the detection shaft 42 downward. That is, the pressing force of the compression spring 59 is received by the stepped shoulder 60 provided on the upper part of the detection shaft 42. Therefore, the shaft 54 on the swinging side is always in contact with the upper jaw of the U-shaped groove 45, and there is a gap X between the shaft 54 on the swinging side and the lower jaw of the U-shaped groove. . Further, the strength of one compression spring 59 provided on the plurality of detection shafts 42 is stronger than the strength of two compression springs 57 that are trying to push up the shaft 54 on the swinging side. It is set. (Fig. 2) As shown in Figs. 3 and 5, a bracket 63 is attached to the side surface of the rectangular base 10 perpendicular to the base 1.
The bracket 63 is provided with limit switches 62 and 68.

Further, a bolt 61 is adjustably screwed into the end of one arm 52, 52' constituting the frames 55 and 64. The limit switch 62 is energized by the bolt 61. Further, when the frames 55, 64 swing around the support shafts 46, 47 and the arms 52, 52' are pushed up,
A limit switch 6 is placed in contact with the upper part of the arm 52.
8 are arranged.

The above is the configuration of the present invention, and the operation will be explained next.

As shown in FIG. 1, when used as a bolt extraction station, this is a sign that the transported workpiece has stopped at a predetermined position, and the oil supply port 65 of the hydraulic cylinder 13 shown in FIG. 6 is not shown. Pressure oil flows in by switching the solenoid valve.

That is, due to the inflow of the pressure oil, the fluid pressure cylinder 1
The piston rod 66 of No. 3 is pushed down and the U-shaped member 1 screwed onto the tip of the piston rod 14 is pushed down.
6 also descends. Therefore, as shown in FIG.
As the U-shaped member 16 descends, it swings counterclockwise about the power shaft 20 as a fulcrum.

Subsequently, as shown in FIGS. 1 and 4, the same rocking motion as the power shaft 20 engages with a rocking arm 26 provided at one end of the power shaft 20 via a pin 32. The signal is transmitted to the connecting member 30. Further, the movement of the connecting member 30 is controlled by a plurality of swing arms 2 provided on the connecting member 30 via pins 32.
6', the signal is transmitted to a plurality of shafts 34 which are supported on the bearing member 18 at equal intervals.

Also, a gear 2 formed at the center of the power shaft 20
By the gear 25 of the driven shaft 24 meshing with 3,
A rocking motion opposite to the movement of the power shaft 20 is transmitted to the driven shaft 24. Further, the swinging motion of the driven shaft is controlled by a swinging arm 28 provided at one end of the driven shaft 24.
is transmitted to the connecting member 31 engaged via the pin 33. Furthermore, the movement of the connecting member 31 is controlled by a plurality of swinging arms 28' provided on the connecting member 31 via pins 33, so that the movement of the connecting member 31 is controlled by the bearing member 1.
The signal is transmitted to a plurality of shafts 35 provided at 8.
That is, a plurality of shafts 34 that move in the same manner as the power shaft 20
A plurality of shafts 35 that move in the same manner as the driven shaft 24 are provided alternately. Therefore, the bearing member 18
The pawls provided on each shaft, holding the holder in place, move to open and close each other.

Next, the detection operation for detecting the state of the bolt will be explained.

First, when detecting the state of the bolt when removing the bolt, in FIGS. 1 and 2, the piston rod 8 of the fluid pressure cylinder 4 is lowered by switching the electromagnetic switching valve (not shown). The base 10 is lowered to a predetermined position. At this time, the plurality of gripping claws 40 are in an open state in order to grip the bolt.

First, bolts a, b, c as shown in FIG.
We will explain the case when everything is normal.

That is, when the base 10 having a plurality of gripping claws 40 descends and the abutment member 44 in the center of the gripping claws 40 contacts the head of each bolt a, b, c, the detection shaft 42 Being pushed up. Subsequently, the frame body 55 engaged with the detection shaft 42 is connected to the support shaft 46.
It can be swung up using the fulcrum as a fulcrum. Therefore, the limit switch 62, which is normally biased by the arm 52 of the frame 55, is released from the bias, and this sign confirms that the bolt is working properly.

Next, a case where the bolt b is abnormal as shown in FIG. 9 will be explained.

That is, when the length of the bolt b is extremely short or there is no bolt b, the plurality of gripping claws 40 descend in an open state, and the abutment member 44 at the center of each gripping claw first
Bolts a and c in contact with the heads of normal bolts a and c
The detection shaft 42 for detecting is pushed up. However, if bolt b is lower than bolts a and c, or if there is no bolt, the abutment member 44 remains in the same state. Therefore, the frame 55 that is engaged with the detection shaft 42 is pushed downward by the detection shaft 42 that detects b, that is, the frame 55 that is engaged with the U-shaped groove 45 on the upper part of the detection shaft 42.
Due to the gap X between the axis 54 and the lower jaw, (Fig. 4)
Even if the detection shaft 42 for detecting the bolts a and c is pushed up, the frame body 55 maintains its posture due to the detection shaft of the bolt b.

Therefore, the limit switch 62, which is biased by the frame body 55, remains as it is, and when the base 10 is lowered and there is only a signal of the lowering end, and there is no sign of the limit switch 62, it is possible to confirm that there is an abnormality in the bolt b.

Next, the case of detecting an abnormality when bolt b is too long will be described.

That is, when bolt b is higher than the normal bolt heads a and c, the base 10 is lowered and the contact member 44 of the detection shaft 42 of bolt b comes into contact with the head of bolt b. Therefore, the detection shaft 42 is pushed up by the bolt b, and is swung up about the support shaft 46 of the frame 55 that is engaged with the detection shaft 42 as a fulcrum.
For this reason, the limit switch 68 that had been biased by the frame 55 is released, and the frame 55
The limit switch 68 provided on the upper part of the arm 52 is energized. Therefore, the signature of the limit switch 68 confirms that the length of the bolt b is abnormally long. (FIG. 10) Next, a case will be described in which the state of the bolt is detected when inserting the bolt.

As shown in FIG. 8, the base 10 is lowered by gripping with bolts using a plurality of gripping claws 40. At this time, if the bolts a, b, and c are all normal, the frame body 55 is pushed up by each detection shaft 42, and the biasing of the limit switch 62 is released, as described above. Therefore, this sign confirms the normality of the bolt.

Next, as shown in Figure 9, check if bolt b is missing.
We will explain what happens when a person falls down and becomes lower than the normal height. That is, as described above, the normal bolts a and c come into contact and the detection shaft 42 is pushed up. However, since there is play in the gap X between the lower jaw of the U-shaped groove 45 that engages with the shaft 54 of the frame 55 (the tread of the limit switch 62), the frame 55 is remains the same. Therefore, when the base 10 is lowered and there is only a sign of the lowering end,
An abnormality in bolt b is also detected when the limit switch 62 does not give a signal.

Next, as shown in FIG. 10, if the bolt b is abnormally long, the bolt b detection shaft 42 is pushed up, the frame 55 is swung up about the support shaft 54, and the limit switch 68 is energized. be done.

Therefore, this sign confirms that bolt b is an abnormally long bolt.

In the above description, only the frame 55 has been described, but the same detection can be performed for the frame 64 as well.

As described above, the present invention is not limited to the configurations shown in the embodiments, and modifications are expected within the scope of the technical idea of the present invention as described in the claims.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

Figure 1 is a front view of the automatic assembly machine. FIG. 2 is a partial sectional view of FIG. 1. Figure 3 is a plan view of Figure 1 with a portion A.
-A cross-sectional view is shown. FIG. 4 is a sectional view taken along line BB in FIG. 1. FIG. 5 is a sectional view taken along the line CC in FIG. FIG. 6 is a sectional view taken along line DD in FIG. FIG. 7 shows a sectional view taken along the line EE in FIG. 1, and FIGS. 8 to 10 are explanatory diagrams of bolt abnormality detection according to the present invention. In the figure, 1... Base, 2... L-shaped bracket, 4... Fluid pressure cylinder, 6, 6'... Guide member, 7, 7'... Guide rod, 11... Bracket, 12... Bracket. , 13...Fluid pressure cylinder, 16...U-shaped member, 17...Groove, 20...
Power shaft, 23... Gear, 24... Driven shaft, 25...
...gear, 26,26'...swing arm, 30,3
1... Connection member, 32, 33... Pin, 34, 3
5...Shaft, 36, 36', 37, 37'...Claw, 4
0... Gripping claw, 42... Detection shaft, 44... Contact member, 45... U-shaped groove, 46, 47... Support shaft,
48, 48', 49, 49'...Bearing, 51,5
1', 52, 52'...Arm, 55...Frame body, 57...
...Compression spring, 60...Shoulder, 62...Limit switch, 63...Bracket, 64...Frame, 68
...Limit switch, 72...Bearing, X...Gap.

Claims (1)

[Scope of utility model registration request] A base 1 fixed perpendicularly to the floor astride the conveyance path of an automatic assembly machine, a support 2 fixed to the base 1, and a fluid pressure cylinder 4 fixed to the support 2, The guide rod 7,
A base 10 is provided to be movable up and down via 7'.
, a fluid pressure cylinder 13 fixed to the side surface of the base 10, an engaging body 16 provided at the tip of the piston rod of the fluid pressure cylinder 13 and engaged to convert vertical motion into rocking motion, and an engaging body 16 that engages with the engaging body. a power shaft 20 having a swinging arm 22 at one end, a driven shaft 24 having a gear 25 that meshes with the gear 23 of the power shaft 20 and rotating in the opposite direction; one connecting member 30, a second connecting member 31 that transmits the movement of the driven shaft 24, and a plurality of gripping claws 36, 36' that can be opened and closed by the movement of the first and second connecting members 30, 31. 37, 37'
and the base 1 at the opening/closing center of the gripping claw.
Detectors 42 and 44 are slidably inserted into holes provided vertically through the base 10; a frame body 55 that engages the upper part of the detection body;
56, and a support 4 that swingably supports the frame.
8, 48', 49, 49', an elastic body 57 that supports the shafts 46, 47 on the swinging side of the frame, and a detection unit 62 that detects the displacement caused by the movement of the detection bodies 42, 44; 68, a bolt abnormality detection device for an automatic assembly machine detects abnormalities in bolts immediately before bolt removal or insertion operation.