JPS6397997A - Damper for piano - Google Patents

Abstract

(57) [Abstract] This bulletin contains application data before electronic filing, so abstract data is not recorded.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION [Field of Industrial Application] The present invention relates to a piano damping device that effectively reduces the volume of a performance and enables soft playing.

[Conventional technology]

Conventionally, in grand pianos, the keys and action mechanism are slid laterally along with the keyboard reed by pedal operation to reduce the number of strings struck by the hammer. For example, in the case of high-pitched strings, one hammer usually hits three strings. Instead of hitting one string, two strings are hit to reduce the sound volume and produce a softer tone.

On the other hand, in the case of an upright piano, the impact force of the hammer on the strings is reduced by rotating the hammer rail to the side at an appropriate angle by operating the pedal to shorten the distance between the hammer and the strings, that is, the string striking distance. By weakening υ or by selectively interposing a cushioning member made of felt, artificial leather, etc. between the strings and the hammer, the impact force of the hammer is weakened, so that soft notes can be played.

[Problem that the invention seeks to solve]

However, in the case of a grand piano, moving the keyboard reed is heavy due to the large number of keys and action mechanisms placed on it, and if the shelf board is warped, it may not be possible to move it smoothly. Not only has it changed,
Since it is necessary to secure a space for moving the keyboard reed, there is a problem in that the width of the piano itself increases accordingly.

In the case of an upright piano, the method of moving the hammer rail is to move the hammer rail 1 to the string 2 as shown in Figure 3.
If you move it to the side, No. 3 will touch string 2 along with pad 4.
It rotates to the side by a small angle, and a slight gap is created between the bottom surface of the pad 4 and the top end surface 5a of the jack 5, so even though the string striking distance has been shortened, the sound is actually sufficiently weak. There was an inconvenience that no effect could be obtained.

If a gap is created between the pad 4 and the jack 5 due to the rotation of the snare and hammer rail 1, the jack 5 will move upward y←
Jack 5 of hammer 3 until I hit the putt 4.
Since the load on the capstan 9 is zero, when the capstan 9 pushes up the wippen 8 by the pushing operation of the 87, the rising speed is faster than during normal playing, and the jack 5 hits the putt 4.
Therefore, especially when key 7 is hit strongly, the rotational speed of hammer 3 remains the same as the rotational speed during normal performance, even though the string striking distance has been shortened. If the rotation speed does not change, the impact force of the hammer 3 will not decrease, so it is possible to expect a sufficient damping effect.On the other hand, the method of interposing a buffer member between the string and the hammer 3 is suitable for Because the strings are struck through a member, the tone and the touch feel of the keys change, and there is also a problem with the durability of the cushioning member.In addition, conventional damping devices simply have two positions: a normal playing position and a weak playing position. It has the disadvantage that it can only be selectively switched to , and the degree of weak tone cannot be freely varied. Therefore, in a device incorporating an automatic performance device, weak tone reproduction during automatic crushing is insufficient.

[Failure to solve the problem]

The piano damping device according to the present invention has been made to solve the above-mentioned problems, and includes an air damper disposed corresponding to the hammer assembly, and a locking position of the air damper at the soft playing position. 0 [Operation] In this invention, since the air damper is configured to reduce the kinetic energy of the hammer assembly, the piano can be selected continuously or stepwise by the switching means. The air damper can effectively attenuate the sound of the performance, and has a simple structure and excellent durability.
Moreover, since the position can be changed continuously or stepwise by the switching means even during the performance, the degree of weak tone can be changed freely and quickly.

〔Example〕

Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in detail based on embodiments shown in the drawings.

FIG. 1 is a side cross-sectional view showing an embodiment of the damping device according to the present invention applied to an action mechanism of a grand piano. In the figure, the action mechanism 10 has a rear end 1
1& is pivotally supported on a support rail 12 via a support rail 13 so as to be freely rotatable in the vertical direction, and the front end 11b side is supported by a capstan 14 implanted in a key (not shown); and this wippen 11. a jack 15 rotatably disposed on the front end 11b of the wippen 11 and a jack 15 having a straight-edge shape;
Repetition lever 1 rotatably arranged through
1 and the shank rail 1 via the jack flange 18.
9 is rotatably arranged in the vertical direction and is located above the levitation lever 17.
This hammer assembly consists of 20
A damping device 21, which will be described later, is arranged between the strings 2 and 2.

The levitation lever 17 is given a counterclockwise rotational habit by the levitation lever spring 22, so that it is normally inclined toward the lower left as shown in the figure, and the upper surface of the front end of the levitation lever 17 rotates the hammer shank 23. A hammer roller 24 attached to the lower surface near the center of movement is stopped from below, and the hammer shank 23 is locked at the initial position. On the other hand, a repetition lever button 25 is arranged at the rear end of the repetition lever 17 so that its height can be freely adjusted. Controls clockwise rotation.

The hammer assembly 20 includes the hammer shank 2 whose front end is rotatably connected to the shank range 18 via a pin 27 and has the hammer row 224.
3, a hammer wood 28 attached to the rear end of the shank 23, and a hammer felt 29 attached to the upper end of the hammer wood 28, and the hammer assembly 20 returns to rotation after striking the string 2. When the hammer roller 24 comes into contact with the repetition lever 17, the lever 17 is moved by the spring 2.
2 in the clockwise direction, and the hammer shank 23 comes into contact with a hammer shank stop felt 30 provided on the wippen 11, thereby absorbing the force.

The jack 15 is given a counterclockwise rotational habit by the spring 22, and its vertical portion 15A extends upward and is inserted into a long hole 31 formed at the front end of the repetition lever 17. , and the top end surface 33 is in contact with the lower surface of the hammer row 224. Therefore, in this state, when the wippen 11 is pushed up by the rise of the capstan 14 and rotates counterclockwise about the rotation fulcrum 34, the jack 15 also rises,
Push up the hammer roller 24. Then, the hammer shank 23 rotates upward around its center of rotation, that is, the pin 2γ, and the hammer felt 29 strikes the string 2. After the string is struck, the repulsion of the string 2 and its own weight causes it to rotate back, and the receiver is stopped by the above-mentioned rotation lever 17 and hammer shank stop felt 30.

After the jack 15 rises together with the wippen 11 and pushes up the hammer row 224, the small jack 15B extending in the horizontal direction comes into contact with the regulating button 36 and is prevented from rising, but the wippen 11 still rises. In order to continue rotating, the small jack 15B is rotated clockwise by a small angle, and the top end surface 33 of the vertical portion 15A temporarily escapes from below the hammer roller 24, and after the striking operation, the small jack 11 As the rotation returns, the regulating button 36 is released, and the rotation returns due to the force of the spring 22. As a result, the top end surface 33 of the vertical portion 15A enters under the hammer roller 24 again to enable the next string-striking operation.

Note that the configuration of such action mechanism 10 is completely the same as the conventional one.

Now, the low sound device 21 has a front end rotatably supported in the vertical direction by a support shaft 40, and is disposed substantially horizontally above the nozzle assembly 20, and has a nine-swivel arm 41;
A rotating arm 41 corresponds to the non-merchandising shank 23.
It is comprised of an air damper 42 disposed in the air damper 42, and a pedal 44 serving as a switching means for switching the air damper 42 between a normal performance position and a soft performance position. Said air damper 4
2 includes a lid 48 that closes the lower end opening of the sleeve 46 which is open at the lower end and has a small hole 4T formed at the upper surface; and a lid 48 which is formed into a cylindrical shape and whose upper end is open and is slidably housed in the sleeve 46. It includes a piston 49 and a spring 50 that urges the piston 49 downward. A piston rod 49A is integrally provided at the center of the lower surface of the piston 49 and projects downward through the hole 52 of the lid 48. A buffer member 53 such as felt is attached.

The rear end of the rotating arm 41 is connected to the pedal 44 by a rod 5.
Normally, the hammer shank 23 is set and held at a high position so that it does not come into contact with the buffer member 53 during string-striking operation, that is, the normal playing position, and when the pedal 44 is depressed from this state, , so that during the string-striking operation, the double shank 23 is set and held at a position where it comes into contact with the buffer member 53, that is, a soft tone playing position. In this case, the locking position of the rotary lever 410 at the soft tone playing position is variably set in steps by adjusting the depression depth of the pedal 44, and the pedal 44 is set in a pedal window provided in the front base (not shown). It is configured to be locked by a stepped locking part provided on the side.

In the soft tone device 21 having such a configuration, when the υ rotation lever 41 is rotated and lowered by pressing the pedal 44 and set and held at the soft tone performance position shown in the figure, the kinetic energy of the hammer shank 23 when the string is struck is reduced. Because it is absorbed and reduced, the striking force against string 2 is weak, allowing for weak tone performances.

That is, when the hammer shank 23 is pushed up by the jack 15, the piston 49 moves upward against the spring 50 because it comes into contact with the lower surface of the buffer member 53, and at this time, a part of the air in the sleeve 46 flows into the hole 4γ. , 52
The fluid viscosity and injection resistance when passing through these holes dampen the sudden rise of the hammer shank 23 in proportion to its speed, weakening the force of the hammer shank 23.

In this case, if the air damper 42 is disposed in a portion of the hammer shank 23 far from the rotation fulcrum 27, the effect of absorbing kinetic energy is large.

Thus, according to the sound dampening device 21 according to the present invention, since it is constituted by the air damper 42, the structure is simplified, the kinetic energy of the hammer shank 23 is effectively absorbed and reduced, and the sound of the piano performance is effectively damped. be able to.

Furthermore, since there is no need to move the action mechanism 10, there is no need to secure a space for its movement, and the width of the piano body can be reduced, and the depression t' of the pedal 44 can be adjusted even during performance. So air damper 4
Since the amount of descent of 2 can be changed in stages, the degree of weak sound can be changed depending on the surrounding situation.
Particularly in those that use an automatic performance device, it is possible to stably and effectively reproduce weak sounds during automatic performance〇♂Furthermore, since the string 2 is directly hit with the hammer felt 29, the tone color may change. do not have.

It! FIG. 2 is a side view showing another embodiment in which the present invention is applied to an action mechanism of an upright piano. In this embodiment, the damping device 21 is connected to the hammer assembly 6.
An operating lever 62 is used as a switching means, and the lever 62 rotates the rotary lever 41 forward against the spring 63, thereby setting it to the soft playing position. It is configured to hold. The rotating lever 41 and the operating lever 62 are connected by a wire 64, and the rotating angle of the lever 41 can be continuously variable or set by locking the operating lever 52 with an appropriate means such as a set screw. It is configured to be variably set in stages by being locked by any one of the plurality of locking parts.

In the case of an upright piano, the hammer assembly 60 includes a butt 4 pushed up by a jack 5, a front hammer shank 61 and a catcher shank 66 attached to the butt 4, and a hammer wood at the upper end of the hammer shank 61. hammer felt 68 attached via 67 and catcher shank 6
Attached to the tip of the string, it is used to check the pack after the string is struck.
Note that the damping device 21 itself is the same as in the above embodiment, and therefore its explanation will be omitted.

Even in this configuration, the hammer shank 61 comes into contact with the buffer member 53 when the string is struck, and the air damper 42 absorbs and reduces the kinetic energy, so it is possible to perform a weak tone performance as in the above embodiment. .

In the case of an upright piano, a catcher 69 is disposed on the butt 4 via a catcher shank 66, and a certain amount of space is provided between the catcher 69 and the hammer rail 1. The sound dampening device 21 may be arranged in this space, and the catcher 69 or the catcher shank 66 may be brought into contact with the buffer member 53 during the string-striking operation. fi[l
i. The air damper is arranged in correspondence with the hammer assembly, and the locking position of the air damper at the soft playing position is configured to be variable continuously or stepwise by the switching means, so that the kinetic energy of the hammer assembly is reduced. The air damper reduces this, effectively dampening the sound of the piano performance. In addition, the degree of attenuation can be easily changed even during a performance, and the tone does not change.The air damper has a simple structure and is highly durable, making it extremely effective. be.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

FIG. 1 is a side sectional view showing an embodiment of the invention applied to an action mechanism of a grand piano, and FIG. 2 is a side sectional view showing an embodiment of the invention applied to an action mechanism of an upright piano.
FIG. 3 is a side view of the action mechanism of a conventional upright piano. 2. Mine...Strings, 10...0 action mechanism, 20.@
11@Hammer assembly') z21m*@・Weak sound device, 23・Q・Hammer shank, 42・・Fist・Air damper, 44・・・・Pedal, 60・@Fist・Hammer assembly, 61・φ・・Hammer shank, 62・Skewer...operation lever.

Claims (1)

[Scope of Claims] An air damper disposed corresponding to a hammer assembly, and a switching means for switching the air damper between a normal performance position where the hammer assembly does not come into contact with it, and a soft performance position where the assembly comes into contact with the air damper. A damping device for a piano, characterized in that a locking position of the air damper at a soft playing position is variably selected continuously or stepwise.