JP3654267B2 - Keyboard instrument - Google Patents

Description

[0001]
[Industrial application fields]
The present invention relates to a keyboard instrument, and by providing a mechanism for stopping the rotation of the hammer just before striking and rebounding immediately outside the rotation range of the hammer head, the touch of the key can be prevented even if no string striking sound is generated. It is not inhibited.
[0002]
[Prior art]
Conventionally, as described in Japanese Utility Model Publication No. 51-67732, there has been proposed a keyboard instrument in which the sound produced by striking is changed. In this keyboard instrument, a stopper having an elastic body is provided between the string and the hammer shank, and the rotating hammer shank is received by the stopper via the elastic body. And, by absorbing the kinetic energy due to the rotation of the hammer with an elastic body, this kinetic energy is weakened, and the sound volume, the sound of the string, etc. are effectively reduced, and the sound volume due to the string is effectively reduced. .
[0003]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
However, in such a keyboard instrument, there is a problem that the touch of the key has to be sacrificed to some extent when the sound generation by the string is not completely generated. That is, in order to prevent the stringing sound from being generated, it is necessary to bring the stopper closer to the hammer shank side. At this time, under normal approach (the distance between the string and the hammer head when the hammer assembly bat is no longer subjected to the thrust force from the jack and starts free rotation), the hammer assembly butt is detached from the jack. Before proceeding, the hammer assembly is pinched and stopped by the jack and stopper, making it difficult to perform repeated hits and the like, making it impossible to perform like a conventional piano. In order to prevent this, the approach must be wider than usual. In other words, the time when the bat leaves the jack is adjusted early. In this way, the touch of the key changes, and when the stopper is moved to a position where it does not come into contact with the hammer shank and a sound is generated by hitting the string, the energy supplied by the jack decreases due to early escape, Since the impact force of the hammer is weakened, the tone of the string is soft. In addition, the repeatability of the keyboard was somewhat worse.
[0004]
Accordingly, an object of the present invention is to provide a keyboard that does not impede the touch of a key even if it does not generate a stringing sound by providing a mechanism for stopping the rotation of the hammer just before the stringing outside the rotation range of the hammerhead. Is to provide a musical instrument.
[0005]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
The invention described in claim 1 includes a string that is stretched, a hammer that is provided at least on one end in a hammer shank, and that turns to strike the string, a jack that pushes and turns the hammer, and the jack A key for transmitting a force to the hammer, a stopper provided so as to be able to contact the hammer shank of the hammer immediately before the hammer strikes the string, and the rotation of the hammer when the key is released from the hammer shank. The hammer is placed in a non-stringing state where the hammer is not hit when the key is pressed by bringing the hammer into the contact position with the hammer shank by moving the stopper closer to the hammer shank. The hammer at the time of pressing the key is positioned at the non-contact position with the hammer shank by being separated from the rotation direction of the hammer shank and positioned outside the rotation range of the hammer shank. By There was a normal performance state to string-striking, and a switching means for switching in response to the operation and the non-string-striking state and the normal play mode, in which the hammer the string in the non-contact position strikes It is possible to generate sound by striking a string, and at the abutting position, the hammer does not abut against the string and can generate a sound from an electronic sound source without striking, and the switching means is a pedal. It is a keyboard instrument.
[0006]
According to a second aspect of the present invention, the stopper is provided for each key with respect to a rail member extending across the entire key , and the stopper provided for each key protrudes with respect to the rail member. The keyboard instrument according to claim 1, wherein the keyboard instrument can be finely adjusted by adjusting the length .
[0007]
[Action]
In the keyboard musical instrument according to the present invention, when the hammer shank abuts against the stopper and when the hammer shank does not abut against the stopper, the force corresponding to the keystroke is transmitted to the jack as in normal performance. As a result, the jack pushes the hammer up from below and rotates it. The approach of the hammer when not in contact is normal. The hammer hits the strings.
However, when the stopper is moved to the contact position by the switching means, the stopper is provided between the string and the hammer shank. For this reason, the hammer shank comes into contact with the stopper immediately before the hammer strikes the string. After this contact, the hammer is rebounded without hitting the string.
Therefore, the hammer does not strike the string when abutting by the switching means. In this case, it is not necessary to widen the approach in advance by taking in an error. Therefore, the approach of the hammer at the time of this contact is normal. For this reason, the jack escapes in the same manner as during normal performance.
On the other hand, at the time of non-contact by the switching means, the stopper moves outside the rotation range of the hammer shank. The hammer is not blocked by the stopper after being pushed up by the jack. Therefore, at the time of non-contact, it is possible to perform string striking as normal performance.
And this switching can be performed by pedal operation.
Further, the stopper can be finely adjusted for each key at the time of non-contact.
[0008]
【Example】
Embodiments of a keyboard instrument according to the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 is a side view showing a pause state of strings and actions of an upright piano according to a first embodiment of a keyboard instrument of the present invention.
[0009]
In this figure, corresponding to each pitch, the strings 11 are stretched almost vertically. In the figure, one of them is shown. An action is provided for the string 11. This action mainly includes a hammer head 13 that rotates clockwise in the drawing and strikes the string 11, and a hammer shank 14 that is connected to the hammer head 13 and that is made of a side material or a maple material, It has. The hammer head 13 is obtained by coating a hammer wood 13A with an egg-shaped hammer felt 13B. The hammer wood 13 </ b> A has a hole 100 formed at a connection portion with the hammer shank 14. A hammer shank 14 is fitted in the hole 100. Further, the tip of the hammer shank 14 protrudes a predetermined length outside the rotation range of the hammer felt 13B (broken line (1) in the figure). That is, the hammer shank 14 is longer than a normal hammer shank.
[0010]
Then, inside the rotation range of the protrusion 101 of the hammer shank 14 (broken line (2) in the figure) and outside the rotation range of the hammer felt 13B, between the protrusion 101 of the hammer shank 14 and the string 11. A hammer stopper 102 is provided. The hammer stopper 102 is similar to a known regulating button. The hammer stopper 102 has its screw portion 102A screwed into the stopper rail 103 and held. The hammer stopper 102 has a cushioning material 102 </ b> B such as leather or felt attached to the surface of the hammer shank 14 facing the protruding portion 101.
[0011]
The stopper rail 103 is extended in common across 88 keys arranged corresponding to the strings 11. The switching means 106 is for switching the hammer rail 103 in two directions at the time of contact or non-contact by operation of a lever or a pedal. When the switching means 106 abuts, the stopper rail 103 rotates around the pin 104 in the clockwise direction in the figure (direction approaching the hammer felt 13B) and is fixed substantially vertically. Further, when the switching means 106 is not in contact, the stopper rail 103 rotates about the pin 104 in the counterclockwise direction in the figure (the direction away from the hammer felt 13B) and is fixed substantially horizontally. That is, when the switching means 106 abuts, the hammer stopper 102 is held by the hammer rail 103 in the rotation range of the protrusion 101 of the hammer shank 14 (between the broken line (1) and the broken line (2) in the figure). is there. On the other hand, when the switching means 106 is not in contact, the hammer stopper 102 is held by the hammer rail 103 outside the rotation range of the protrusion 101 of the hammer shank 14.
[0012]
When the switching means 106 is not in contact, the adjustment tool 105 is used to rotate the screw portion 102A of the hammer stopper 102 so that the length of the protrusion of the hammer stopper 102 from the stopper rail 103 can be finely adjusted independently for each key. . That is, when the switching means 106 abuts, the distance between the leather 102B of the hammer stopper 102 and the protruding portion 101 of the hammer shank 14 is set to 88 hammer approaches (for example, a low range 3 mm, a mid range 2.5 mm, a high It is possible to make fine adjustments corresponding to the sound range (2 mm). Therefore, the hammer approach of the present embodiment can be adjusted as close as possible to each hammer approach of the upright piano of normal performance corresponding to each key. For this reason, the touch of a key is almost the same as an upright piano of normal performance.
[0013]
The bat 15 is fixed to the proximal end of the hammer shank 14. The bat 15 is supported by a center pin 17 so as to be swingable. A bat spring 16 is attached to the right end of the bat 15. The butt spring 16 always urges the butt 15 in the counterclockwise direction in the drawing. On the other hand, a catcher shank 18 protrudes and is connected to the left end of the bat 15. A catcher 19 is fixed to the tip of the catcher shank 18.
[0014]
Reference numeral 28 denotes a center rail extending transversely in common over the 88 keys arranged corresponding to the strings 11. The bat 15 is attached to the upper end portion of the center rail 28 via a butt flange 29 so as to be rotatable about the center pin 17 as a fulcrum. On the other hand, a wiper (not shown) is rotatably attached to the lower end of the center rail 28. The wiper is provided so as to protrude from the center rail 28 in the horizontal direction.
[0015]
An L-shaped jack 33 is slidably provided on the left side of the center rail 28 on the upper surface of the wiper. The front end (top end) of the jack 33 is in contact with the lower end surface of the bat 15. The jack 33 transmits a turning force in the clockwise direction in the figure according to the keystroke of a key (not shown) to the bat 15, and pushes and rotates the hammer head 13 and the hammer shank 14 from below through the bat 15. Is.
[0016]
The operation of the upright piano according to the above configuration will be described below separately for when the switching means 106 is in contact and when it is not.
[0017]
In the action of switching the switching means 106 to contact, the hammer stopper 102 is moved between the rotation range of the protrusion 101 of the hammer shank 14 and the rotation range of the hammer head 13. In this action, when a key is pressed, the jack 33 is pushed up according to the key pressed. At the same time, the damper 43 is separated from the string 11.
[0018]
On the other hand, the raising of the jack 33 pushes up the bat 15 and rotates the bat 15 about the center pin 17 in the clockwise direction in the drawing. For this reason, the hammer head 13 and the hammer shank 14 provided on the bat 15 rotate in the clockwise direction in the drawing. However, when the jack 33 is raised by a certain height, the jack tail (not shown) comes into contact with the regulating button (not shown). As a result, the raising of the jack 33 is prevented, and the bat 15 escapes from the jack 33. However, the hammer head 13 and the hammer shank 14 continue to rotate in the clockwise direction in FIG.
[0019]
However, immediately before the hammer head 13 strikes the string 11, the protruding portion 101 of the hammer shank 14 abuts against a cushioning material 102 </ b> B such as leather felt of the hammer stopper 102. After this contact, the hammer head 13 is rebounded without hitting the string 11 by the urging force of the bat spring 16. As a result, the bat 15 rotates about the center pin 17 in the counterclockwise direction in the figure. The catcher skin 19A comes into contact with the back check felt 27A. That is, when the switching means 106 comes into contact, the hammer head 13 does not strike a string but moves to the hammer stop state. Therefore, no sound is generated from the string 11 when the switching means 106 is in contact (in a hammer non-stringed state).
[0020]
In this non-hammer striking state, a sound may be generated from an electronic sound source based on performance information such as a key sensor used in an automatic piano or the like, a hammer sensor, etc. You may listen to this pronunciation with headphones or by reducing the volume of the speaker. Alternatively, a soundboard driver may be used to generate sound with a small volume from the soundboard. That is, even if it is night or daytime, when you do not want to produce piano sound, you can enjoy playing the piano without losing the touch without sounding from the strings.
[0021]
Further, the action of switching the switching means 106 to non-contact is that the hammer stopper 102 is moved outside the rotation range of the protruding portion 101 of the hammer shank 14. In this action, when the jack 33 is pushed up in response to the keystroke, the jack 33 rotates the bat 15 and the bat 15 escapes from the jack 33 as in the case of the contact of the switching means 106. 13 and the hammer shank 14 continue to rotate in the clockwise direction in the drawing due to their inertia, and try to strike the string 11.
[0022]
And since the hammer head 13 is not interrupted by the hammer stopper 102, the hammer head 13 strikes the string 11 as usual. The hammerhead 13 is rebounded by the repulsive force of the string 11 and the urging force of the bat spring 16 as usual after the string is hit. As a result, the bat 15 rotates about the center pin 17 in the counterclockwise direction in the figure. The catcher skin 19A comes into contact with the back check felt 27A. That is, when the switching means 106 is not in contact, the hammer head 13 strikes the string as normally played and moves to the hammer stop state. Therefore, when the switching means 106 is not in contact (in the normal stringing state of the hammer), the approach of the hammer can be adjusted as close as possible to a normal piano for each key. It is almost the same as a normal piano.
[0023]
Next, a second embodiment according to the keyboard instrument of the present invention will be described with reference to FIG. FIG. 2 is a side view showing a string and action pause state of the upright piano according to this embodiment.
[0024]
In this embodiment, an L-shaped bent plate 110 is fixed by a round screw 111 on the upper surface of the hammerwood 13A at a connecting portion between the hammerwood 13A and a normal hammer shank 114. Specifically, the long side 110A of the curved plate 110 is a length that protrudes outside the rotation range of the hammer felt 13B (broken line (1) in the figure), and the short side 110B of the curved plate 110 is fixed to the upper surface of the hammerwood 13A. Is. The switching means 106 (not shown) has the same configuration as in the first embodiment. When the switching means 106 abuts, the hammer stopper 102 is held by the stopper rail inside the rotation range of the longitudinal 110A of the curved plate 110 (broken line (3) in the figure) and outside the rotation range of the hammer felt 13B. It is what. Other configurations are the same as those of the first embodiment.
[0025]
In this embodiment, a normal hammer shank 114 can be used as compared with the first embodiment. Furthermore, it is easy to replace the curved plate 110 as the projecting body. Other operations are the same as those of the first embodiment.
[0026]
Next, as shown in FIG. 3, the curved board 110 provided on the hammerwood 13A of the second embodiment is changed, and the third embodiment of the keyboard instrument of the present invention in which the handle 120 is fixed with a round screw 111. An example will be described. Also in this embodiment, the handle 120A of the plate 120 has a length that protrudes outside the rotation range of the hammer felt 13B ((1) in the figure), as in the first and second embodiments. Further, a handle 121 having an inclined handle shape corresponding to the swing of the hammer for bass (applied to the range where the hammer is tilted) may be attached to the hammer wood 13A for bass. Furthermore, a well-known grand piano capstan screw 122 held by the stopper rail 103 is located outside the rotation range of the hammer felt 13B inside the rotation range (broken line (4) in the figure) of the longitudinal 120A of the plate 120. It is provided. Other configurations are the same as those of the second embodiment.
[0027]
In this embodiment, as compared with the second embodiment, since the round screw 111 is fixed from the player side (left side in the figure), the plate 120 as the projecting body can be easily replaced. Other operations are the same as those of the second embodiment.
[0028]
Next, as shown in FIG. 4, a description will be given of a fourth embodiment in which the side surface of the hammer head 13A is cut and the locking member 130 is attached to the cut portion by adhesion. This locking member 130 also protrudes outside the rotation range of the hammer felt 13B (broken line (1) in the figure). A hammer stopper 102 held by the stopper rail 103 is provided inside the rotation range (broken line (5) in the figure) of the protrusion 130A of the locking member 130 and outside the rotation range of the hammer felt 13B. . Other configurations are the same as those of the second embodiment.
[0029]
Compared with the second and third embodiments, this embodiment can fix the locking member 130 as a protruding body without using the round screw 111. Other operations are the same as those of the second embodiment.
[0030]
Next, a fifth embodiment will be described with reference to FIGS. In this embodiment, an L-shaped protrusion 140 is attached to the top of a normal hammer shank 114. As shown in FIG. 6, the projecting body 140 includes a left projecting body 141 having a half hole 141A formed in a part thereof and a right projecting body 142 having a half hole 142A formed in a part thereof. Is done. A hammer shank 114 is provided between the half hole 141A of the left projecting body 141 and the half hole 142A of the right projecting body 142, and is fixed using screws 143 and 144. In FIG. 5, the length 140A of the protrusion 140 protrudes outside the rotation range of the hammer felt 13B (broken line (1) in the figure). The same capstan screw 122 as that of the third embodiment held by the stopper rail 103 is located outside the rotation range of the hammer felt 13B inside the rotation range (broken line (6) in the figure) of the longitudinal 140A of the protrusion 140. It is provided. The capstan screw 122 has a hole 146 formed therein. By inserting the tip of the adjustment pin 145 into the hole 146 and rotating the adjustment pin 145, the distance between the length 140A of the protrusion and the leather portion 122A of the capstan screw 122 is finely adjusted. Other configurations are the same as those of the second embodiment.
[0031]
In this embodiment, as in the third embodiment, the distance at which the capstan screw 122 is screwed into the stopper rail 103, that is, the hammer stop position immediately before striking, is adjusted when the switching means 106 (not shown) abuts. Can do. Compared with the first to fourth embodiments, the hammer head 13 and the hammer shank 114 need not be processed. Other operations are the same as those of the fourth embodiment.
[0032]
The keyboard instrument according to the present invention may be used for a grand piano.
[0033]
【The invention's effect】
As described above, the keyboard musical instrument according to the present invention is provided with a mechanism for stopping the hammer rotation just before the string hitting outside the rotation range of the hammer, so that the key hitting sound is not generated. Touch is not disturbed.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a side view showing a rest state of strings and actions of an upright piano according to a first embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a side view showing a pause state of strings and actions of an upright piano according to a second embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 3 is an explanatory view showing a main part of an upright piano according to a third embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 4 is an explanatory view showing a main part of an upright piano according to a fourth embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 5 is a side view showing a string and action pause state of an upright piano according to a fifth embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 6 is a perspective view showing a main part of an upright piano according to a fifth embodiment of the present invention.
[Explanation of symbols]
11 strings,
13 Hammerhead,
14 Hammer Shank,
33 Jack,
101 protrusion,
102 hammer stopper,
106 Switching means.

Claims (2)

Stretched strings ,
A hammer having at least one end provided on the hammer shank and rotating to strike the string;
Jack that pushes this hammer up and turns,
A key that transmits power to the jack,
A stopper provided so that it can come into contact with the hammer shank of the hammer immediately before the hammer hits the string ;
A non-stringing state in which the stopper is positioned at the contact position with the hammer shank by bringing the stopper close to the hammer shank from the turning direction of the hammer when the key is released and the hammer is not struck when the key is pressed. The stopper is separated from the hammer shank in the turning direction of the hammer when the key is pressed, and is positioned outside the rotation range of the hammer shank so that the stopper is not in contact with the hammer shank. A switching means that switches to a normal performance state in which a hammer at the time of key depression hits a string, and switches between the non-stringing state and the normal performance state according to an operation ;
With
At the non-contact position, the string is struck by striking the string with the hammer, and at the contact position, the hammer is not struck to the string and the sound is generated from the electronic sound source without being struck. A keyboard instrument characterized in that the switching means is a pedal. The stopper is provided for each key with respect to the rail member that extends across the entire key, and the stopper provided for each key is finely adjusted by adjusting the protruding length with respect to the rail member. The keyboard instrument according to claim 1, wherein the keyboard instrument is made possible .

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