JPS639603Y2 - - Google Patents

Description

[Detailed Description of the Invention] [Industrial Application Field] The present invention relates to a block used for constructing wave-dissipating levees such as wave-dissipating quays and wave-dissipating breakwaters.

[Conventional technology]

In recent years, wave-dissipating levees such as wave-dissipating quays and wave-dissipating breakwaters have been constructed for the purpose of absorbing reflected waves or reducing wave power by attenuating the energy of incident waves.

This is the wave-dissipating quay shown in Figure 1a or the wave-dissipating breakwater shown in Figure 1b, with a perforated front wall 1.
It consists of a non-porous rear wall 2 and a water retarding section 3 in the middle thereof.

To describe the wave-dissipating action of the wave-dissipating quay and wave-dissipating breakwater having the above structure, when the crest of a wave reaches the perforated front wall 1, the water level of the perforated front wall 1 rises.
Due to the difference in the water level in the water retarding part 3, water flows into the water retarding part 3 through the through hole 4 as a jet stream. Energy loss occurs due to the vortices generated at that time.
After half a cycle, when the water level in the retarding section 3 is rising, the trough of the wave arrives, but at this time the water flows out from the retarding section 3 through the through hole 4 as a jet, which is generated at this time. Further energy dissipation occurs due to the eddies.
In this way, the energy of the waves is dissipated, so the reflected waves are absorbed and the anchorage in the port becomes silent.

In addition, in these wave-dissipating quays or wave-dissipating breakwaters, the incident waves first collide with the perforated front wall 1, and some of the water generates pressure against the perforated front wall 1, but the rest flows into the retarding section. 3, a part of which collides with the non-porous rear wall 2 and generates pressure again. In this way, the water mass of the incident wave collides with the quay or breakwater at two locations, the perforated front wall 1 and the non-perforated rear wall 2, with a time difference. To effectively reduce impact pressure without generating excessive pressure.

Large perforated wall caissons have been used in the past to realize such wave-dissipating quays or breakwaters, but the construction requires special facilities such as a large hoist, which poses practical limitations. is large.

To avoid this, small wave-dissipating blocks that are easy to construct have been devised and put into practical use. These blocks include, for example, perhocels, warlocks, cross hollows, and igloos, but by stacking all of them, they constitute the wave-dissipating quay or wave-dissipating breakwater shown in Figure 1, and basically they are As shown in FIG. 2, a front wall section 5 for forming the perforated wall of the caisson, a rear wall section 6 for forming the rear wall of the caisson, and a connection for structurally connecting both wall sections 5, 6. It consists of three parts of the beam 7. By arranging these blocks horizontally on a horizontal plane and stacking them vertically with their center lines shifted, a quay or breakwater with staggered seams is formed as shown in Figure 2. A hole 8 corresponding to the through hole 4 in a caisson is formed in the wall portion 5. In this case, the stacking method is not necessarily staggered, but it is also possible to stack the blocks vertically (as shown in Figure 3), but it is also possible to stack the blocks vertically. Staggered stacking is most desirable in order to evenly distribute stress and to effectively perform the integration described below.

As described above, a wave-dissipating quay or a wave-dissipating breakwater is constructed by stacking the blocks, and it performs the same function as a caisson.

[Problem that the invention attempts to solve]

However, from a structural standpoint, the conventional wave-dissipating block described above has extremely serious deficiencies. Even if the blocks are stacked in a staggered manner as shown in Figures 2 or 3, there is no structural connection between the blocks, and this is no different from building blocks, so it is not affected by wave forces, seismic forces, or unbalanced structures. Collapse can easily occur due to the generation of local internal stress due to equal subsidence, and such cases have actually occurred.

Furthermore, as described in JP-A-54-156328, by providing two partition walls between the intermediate wall and the rear wall, the space between these two partition walls and the block adjacent to this partition wall can be improved. It is known that a second compartment is formed between the partition wall and the second compartment is filled with chestnut stone or the like. However, in this case, there is a vertical seam in the second compartment formed between horizontally adjacent blocks, so when the blocks are stacked in a staggered manner, the second compartment with a seam and the second compartment without a seam form a vertical seam. Since the two compartments are arranged alternately in the vertical direction, there is a problem in that the force that connects horizontally adjacent blocks does not work, and sufficient strength in the horizontal direction cannot be obtained. Further, there is no problem when filling with chestnut stone, etc., but when a fluid-like material such as concrete or reinforced concrete is poured as the filler, there is a problem that the filler leaks from the joint.

Furthermore, as described in Japanese Utility Model Application Publication No. 55-67216, in the block for constructing a seawall, protrusions and recesses are provided above and below the part (front wall part) forming the surface of the seawall of each block, It is known that blocks are fitted together when stacking them, but since they are simply placed vertically, there is still the problem that the bonding strength is insufficient.

The object of the present invention is to provide a stable and robust wave-dissipating structure that structurally connects blocks to each other and can prevent collapse.

[Means and actions for solving problems]

In the present invention, the invention comprises a front wall in which a through hole is formed, and a rear wall disposed parallel to the front wall and connected to the front wall by at least one connecting wall, and the connecting wall In the wave-dissipating levee construction block, blocks with retarding parts formed on both sides of the rear wall or between connecting walls are arranged horizontally in parallel and stacked vertically in a staggered manner to construct a wave-dissipating levee. A vertical hole for filling the filler is formed at each intermediate point between the center line and both ends, and the curable filler is inserted into the vertical hole for the filler while the blocks are stacked. By filling and hardening each block, each block is firmly connected.

〔Example〕

The blocks of the present invention will be specifically explained below with reference to an embodiment shown in FIGS. 4 to 8.

FIG. 4 shows a plan view when the blocks are arranged on a horizontal plane, and the width of each block is indicated as B. The first stage is blocks 10, 11, 12
...and are lined up in sequence in the horizontal direction. The second row shows the planar arrangement of blocks 10', 11', 12', . . . to be stacked on the blocks 10, 11, 12, . Second stage block 10',
The center lines of blocks 11', 12'... are shifted by B/2 from the center lines of blocks 10, 11, 12... in the first stage, and each block is stacked in a staggered manner. The through holes 19 are arranged in a staggered pattern as shown in Fig. 5.
is formed. Note that 22 is a rear wall portion, 23 is a connecting wall, and 24 is a water retarding portion.

In the rear wall portion 22 of each block, two vertical holes 20 for filling with a filler material are provided symmetrically with respect to the center line of the block, each having a vertical width c and a horizontal width b. The width b of the vertical hole 20 is arbitrary, but when the distance from the center line of the block to the inner side of the vertical hole 20 and the distance from the end face of the block side to the outer side of the vertical hole 20 are respectively indicated by a, The center of the hole 20 is located from the center line of the block (2a+
b) They are formed at positions spaced apart by /2, that is, at each midpoint between the center line of the block of the rear wall portion 22 and both end faces. Although the figure shows a rectangular hole, the shape of the vertical hole 20 itself is not particularly limited, and for convenience in actual construction, it is slightly tapered in the vertical direction (vertical direction) so that it can be used when manufacturing the block. It is possible to take measures such as making it easier to remove the formwork.

In a block having such vertical holes 20, as is clear from FIG. It will penetrate. What is especially important is, for example, the vertical hole 2 on the left side of the first stage block 11.
0 is the vertical hole 20 on the right side of the second stage block 10'
The vertical hole 20 on the right side of the first stage block 11 overlaps with the vertical hole 20 on the left side of the second stage block 11'.
This overlaps with That is, the vertical hole 20 of one block in a certain stage always overlaps and aligns with one of the vertical holes 20 of two adjacent blocks in the blocks in the upper and lower stages.

Therefore, if such vertical holes 20 are filled with a fluid-like hardening filler such as concrete or reinforced concrete, the filler in each vertical hole 20 will form a vertical column, and once the filler hardens, , each column serves as a rigid support that vertically penetrates the rear wall portion 22 of the wave-dissipating bank. In this way, all the blocks are structurally connected and integrated not only vertically but also horizontally (horizontally) by these vertical pillars, forming a solid, integrated structure that is able to absorb powerful wave forces. It can exhibit great resistance against soil pressure, earth pressure, and earthquake force.

In particular, each block can be firmly connected even when a force is applied to separate the blocks in the horizontal direction. That is, for example, if we consider a case where a force is applied horizontally to the block 11 in the first stage, this force is transmitted to the blocks 10', 11' in the upper stage via the columnar body, and further to the blocks 10', 11' and the blocks 11' in the upper stage. It is transmitted to block 11 and horizontally adjacent blocks 10 and 12 via the column. Therefore, each block is firmly connected not only vertically but also horizontally.

The vertical hole 20 was provided in the rear wall 22 because, considering the basic shape of the wave-dissipating block composed of the front wall 21, the rear wall 22, and the connecting wall 23, it was necessary to connect them. The rear wall 22 of each block is
This is because it is most effective and easiest to do so. That is, since the front wall portion 21 has the through hole 19 formed at its side end, the front wall portion 2
It is difficult to form the vertical holes 20 in 1, and problems arise in terms of strength. Furthermore, even if the vertical holes 20 are formed avoiding the through holes 19, the vertical holes 20 of the two adjacent blocks of the upper and lower blocks
In order to match the positions of the through holes 19, the diameter of the through holes 19 must be made small, which reduces the original wave-absorbing effect.

Furthermore, the connecting wall 23 has no vertically adjacent parts and does not have sufficient thickness, so it is not suitable for providing the vertical hole 20.

Also, the reason why the number of vertical holes 20 is two is to disperse the force and when stacking each block,
This is to prevent seams from forming on the side surfaces of the vertical holes 20. For example, when one or three vertical holes 20 are formed, there will always be vertical holes with seams.

[Effect of idea]

As described above, the wave-dissipating quay or wave-dissipating breakwater constructed using the blocks according to the present invention has the following effects.

(1) Each block is connected to the vertically adjacent block and to the horizontally adjacent block via the column in the vertical hole, so each block is firmly connected not only vertically but also horizontally. be able to.

(2) Since the vertical hole is formed in the rear wall, the shape of the front wall of the block and the connecting beam can be designed to maximize the wave-dissipating effect.

(3) After stacking each block, the vertical holes are filled with a fluid hardening filler such as concrete or reinforced concrete, and the work is extremely simple and easy.

(4) Since there are no joints in the vertical hole, the filling material will not flow out.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

Figures 1a and 1b are explanatory diagrams of the wave-dissipating action of conventional wave-dissipating quays and breakwaters, Figure 2 is an enlarged perspective view of the main parts when the quay or breakwater is constructed of blocks, and Figure 3a 3b is an explanatory diagram of the stacked form, FIG. 4 is a plan view of a structure made of blocks according to the first embodiment of the present invention, FIG. 5 is a front view, and FIG. 6 is a diagram of blocks with circular vertical holes. FIG. 7 is a front view, FIG. 7 is a side view, and FIG. 8 is a plan view. 1: perforated front wall, 2: non-perforated rear wall, 3: water retarding section,
4: Through hole, 5: Front wall part, 6: Back wall part, 7: Connecting beam, 8: Hole, 10, 11, 12, 10', 1
1', 12': block, 19: through hole, 20: vertical hole, 21: front wall section, 22: rear wall section, 23: connecting wall, 24: water retarding section.

Claims (1)

[Scope of utility model registration request] It is composed of a front wall portion in which a through hole is formed, and a rear wall portion that is arranged parallel to the front wall portion and connected to the front wall portion by at least one connecting wall, and the rear wall portion is arranged on both sides of the connecting wall or the connecting wall. In the block for constructing a wave-dissipating levee, in which blocks with a water retarding section formed between them are arranged in parallel in horizontal rows and stacked vertically in a staggered manner to construct a wave-dissipating levee, the horizontal center line and both ends of the rear wall section are A block for constructing a wave-dissipating levee in which vertical holes for filling with filler material are formed vertically at each intermediate point between the sections.