JPS6393518A - Method and device for cutting rigid member or rigid material - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention concerns a process and apparatus for cutting hard objects or materials without cutting softer objects or materials. In the invention, a transmission imparts to the cutting element a relatively slow periodic motion that is combined with a second, more rapid periodic motion consisting of relatively low-amplitude vibrations, with the second motion being imparted by oscillation. The invention may be applied to jigsaws and circular saws.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a method and apparatus for cutting rigid rather than flexible members or materials.

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION Cutting devices (eg, saws), which are generally periodically driven by electric motors and are capable of cutting or sawing various materials or components, are known.

[Prior art]

Devices of this type include, inter alia, circular saws and machine saws. In this case, the cutting mechanism is each composed of a toothed disk that is rotated and driven around a fixed axis and a toothed blade that is linearly moved back and forth.

However, there are some problems with this type of tool, particularly one in which a cutting mechanism is applied to the material to make the cut, regardless of the nature of the material, ie, whether it is hard or soft. In other words, if the user of this type of tool is clumsy or even occasionally careless, the cutting mechanism may come into contact with a part of the user's body and cause serious injury. There is a risk of injury.

[Summary of the invention]

The method and apparatus according to the invention completely or at least eliminate this type of risk by effectively cutting hard materials or parts without cutting and damaging soft materials or parts (e.g. meat). It is a sweeping exclusion.

Therefore, in the method according to the present invention, for the cutting mechanism,
two movements combined with each other, namely, on the one hand, a first periodic movement with a relatively large period in the predetermined cutting direction and, on the other hand, with a period smaller than the period of the first movement in the said cutting direction; transmit vibrational motion. Thus, the risks associated with the use of cutting devices are greatly reduced. Furthermore,
The life of the device is extended and the cutting mechanism wears evenly without heating up.

Embodiments of the invention provide, in particular, for transmitting to the cutting mechanism, on the one hand, a relatively slow and relatively large amplitude reciprocating linear movement directed in the direction of a predetermined cutting axis; and, on the other hand, in the direction of said cutting axis. and transmits an oscillatory motion about a series of positions occupied by the cutting mechanism during a reciprocating linear motion at a higher speed and lower amplitude than the linear motion.

According to a further advantageous embodiment, the cutting mechanism is provided, on the one hand, with a relatively slow rotary movement about a fixed axis, and on the other hand with a reel always in the cutting direction, with a faster amplitude than in comparison. It transmits vibrational motion around a series of positions occupied by the cutting mechanism during rotational movement.

Furthermore, regardless of the embodiment, the movement exerted on the cutting mechanism is less violent than in the case of known linear or circular drives, so that there is less risk of damage to the working parts of said cutting mechanism, and thus , the cutting mechanism is easy to maintain,
Lifespan is extended.

As mentioned above, the method according to the present invention is particularly applicable to a turning saw and a circular saw, and the device according to the present invention can be used in any of the above two types of saws in addition to the cutting mechanism (for example, a saw blade). or special drive means for use in one of the following.

An effective and non-hazardous cutting device is thus obtained.

On the other hand, the cutting of hard materials (e.g. wood) with known devices of this kind, which transmit periodic movements of relatively high speed and possibly large or small amplitude to the blade, is dangerous or ineffective. .

〔Example〕

The method and apparatus according to the invention will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

First, FIG. 1.2 will be explained. In the same figure, a cutting device according to the invention of the type of "saw saw" is shown.

The illustrated device 1 has a body or box 2, in which there is inter alia a support frame 31 which is movable parallel to the box 2 substantially in the direction of the blade axis 25 and which is fixed to the frame 31. Various driving or coupling means are provided for causing the blade 3 to perform combined periodic movements with different periods by the power of a prime mover 4 (preferably an electric motor).

To simplify the explanation, the configuration means of the apparatus will be explained.

Four electric motors rotate an output shaft 14 that passes through gear 8 and is connected to this gear. At the end opposite the electric motor, this shaft 14 is extended and passes into the cervical axis 10. This cervical axis is slightly eccentric with respect to the axis of rotation 14H of the shaft 14 and is attached to the blade at the level of an elongated opening 26 in a direction 27 substantially perpendicular to the blade axis 25 and the shaft 14. It passes through a rigidly connected rod 15.

As is clear from the drawings, the blade 3 constitutes the cutting mechanism of the device, and the rod 15 extends into the device following said blade in the direction of the axis of the blade.

In FIG. 1 or 2, the gear 8 is connected to the shaft 11
and meshes with gear 6 which transmits motion to gear I via pins 12.13.

In addition to the gears 6 and 7, this shaft 11 has a blade axis 25
The rod 15 passes through the rod 15 at the level of an elongated opening 22 substantially parallel to the direction , and is fixed to the frame 31 parallel to the shaft 14 at the opposite end so as to be immutable but rotatable.

The gearwheel 7 meshes with the gearwheel 5, which is connected on both sides via a shaft 16 and two pins 2°, 21 to two gearwheels 9, 9'.

The shaft 16 is connected between the gears 9.9' and the shaft 11.1.
4 and in particular pass through the rod 15 at the level of an elongated opening 23, which, in addition to the gear 5, extends substantially parallel to the axis of the blade axis 25.

The gears 9,9' each correspond to the axis 16a of the shaft 16.
It is provided with eccentric cervical axes 19, 19' extending parallel to. Each cervical axis passes through the fixed part 32, 33 of the box 2 at the level of an elongated opening 34.35 substantially parallel to the mentioned axis 27 in order to guide the eccentric movement.

The cervical axes 19, 19' are eccentric with respect to the shaft 16 to a degree greater than the eccentricity of the cervical axis 10 with respect to the output shaft 14 of the electric motor.

The main drive means for the blade has already been described. In FIG. 1, the movable parts of the device supported on the frame 31 are indicated by diagonal lines. Eccentric cervical shafts 19, 19' are installed in parts 32, 33 of the box in such a way that they cannot be displaced but are freely rotatable, and connect the fixed box 2 with the various means constituting the movable part. In order to displace said movable part parallel to the axis 25, in particular:
Complementary shaped rails 29,30 are provided on the frame 31 and box 2. Furthermore, roller 28 a + 28
b r28c, 28d or similar means, exit 24
It is advantageous to guide the operating rod 15 of the blade which extends out of the box 2 at the level of .

Now, Fig. 3.4 will be explained. The figure shows an embodiment of the device according to the invention with a tool of the circular saw type.

As in the previous example, only the drive means for the blade is the object of the invention.

However, for ease of understanding, all means for operating the circular saw will be described in detail here.

The illustrated apparatus is similar to the apparatus shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, including box 200. Each gear 300, 310 to 35o, coupling shaft 400, 410...430, pin 8oo,
81°, 83°, includes a rotary drive motor 600 and a toothed disc type cutting mechanism 700.

Furthermore, the shaft or eccentric cervical shaft 500 of this device includes:
Roller υ bearings 900, 910...930 are provided.

As is clear from FIGS. 3 and 4, the device box 200
An electric motor 600 fixed to rotates an output shaft 420, which shaft is coupled to two gears 300 by pins 830, 820, respectively.
310 to transmit the rotational motion.

Gear 300 further meshes with gear 330, while gear 310 meshes with gear 320. At the gear 3200 level there is provided a shaft 400 which extends parallel to the shaft 420 and carries an eccentric cervical shaft 500. The above eccentric cervical shaft 50
0 is, in particular, a rolling bearing 9 attached to the shaft 430.
10. Shan) 430 is approximately L
It has a letter-shaped shape, and projects out of the box 200 from an axis 4o parallel to (or coaxial with) the axis of the first shaft 420 via another rolling bearing 900 provided on the wall of the box.

The shaft 430 rotates the cutting disc 700 at the level of its projecting end 431.

Now, the gear connection will be explained. The gear 330 coupled to the gear 300 has a shaft 4 parallel to the shaft 420.
10 and pins 800 and 810 provided on each of the gears 330 and 350, respectively, to transmit rotational motion to the gear 350. At the level of the opposite free end of the shaft 410, the fixed part 25o of the box 200.

251 so that it can rotate freely.

FIG. 3 will be explained in more detail. The gear 350 meshes with the gear 340, and the gear 340 has the shaft 4 described above.
00 and 420 are passing through. These shafts are
Rolling bearings 920 and 93 attached to the gear 340
It extends inside 0.

Now, FIG. 4 will be explained. The drive shaft 430 of the cutting disc of the device can be configured as a fork with two teeth 451 452 surrounding a rolling bearing 910 , through which the eccentric neck shaft 500 passes, at the level of its joining end with the eccentric neck shaft 500 . be.

Having described two embodiments of the device according to the invention,
The functions will be explained below. A cutting mechanism (blade or disc or another similar mechanism) with different cycles oriented in the same cutting direction to cut hard components or materials without cutting or damaging flexible components or materials. Two periodic motions are transmitted in combination with each other.

More specifically, in the case of the grinding saw shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, on the one hand, a reciprocating linear motion of relatively low speed and large amplitude is transmitted to the blade 3 in the cutting direction indicated by the axis 25; However, on the other hand, it transmits vibrational motions of higher speed and smaller amplitude. The latter movement is performed around a series of positions occupied by the blade during a reciprocating linear movement.

The two combined movements are obtained in the following manner.

a, an eccentric neck shaft 10 fixed to a shaft 14 driven by a saw blade vibrating motor 4 is connected to a rod 15. That is, the blade 3 is driven to perform a high speed, small amplitude longitudinal reciprocating motion substantially in the direction of the axis 25. For this purpose, the rod 15 has two shafts extending through slotted holes 22, 23) 11.16 and 28a, 28b.

Guided by 28C and 28d.

b. Reciprocating motion reduction gear system 8- of the blade and the movable parts of the device
6.7-5, eccentric cervical axes 19 and 19', respectively.
The gear wheels 9, 9' rotate slowly about a common axis 36 of the two cervical shafts, thus imparting a relatively slow, high-amplitude reciprocating movement and substantial impact on the moving parts of the device, in particular the blade 3. is transmitted in the direction of the axis 25.

In the case of an embodiment of the invention relating to a circular saw, instead of transmitting a reciprocating linear motion to the cutting mechanism, a relatively slow rotary motion about a fixed axis 40 is transmitted to the cutting mechanism in the cutting direction 50, with a lower speed and amplitude. is relatively small and combines the oscillatory movement of the cutting mechanism, i.e. υ, around the series of positions occupied by the toothed disc 700 during the rotational movement with the rotational movement in the cutting direction.

The above two combination movements can be obtained in the following manner.

a, a gear 3 carrying a shaft 400 with an eccentric neck shaft 500 mounted with a roller bearing 910, driven by a shaft 420 coupled to a disc oscillatory motor 600;
20 , this gear 320 transmits relatively high speed vibrations about the main axis 40 to the L-shaft 430 , which transmits the motion to the toothed disc 700 .

b, the gear 300 coupled to the shaft 420 driven by the rotary motion electric motor 600 of the disk is connected to the reduction gears 330 , 350 , 3
40 to rotate shaft 430 at a relatively slow speed (compared to the oscillatory motion described above).

Accordingly, a combination of relatively slow rotation and faster vibrations in the direction of the cutting direction 50 and about the fixed axis 40 is applied to the disk 700.

Of course, the present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiments, and various design changes are possible within the framework of the present invention.

In particular, in order to vibrate the cutting mechanism, a cam system or a vibrator or an electropneumatic device can be provided instead of or as a supplement to the eccentric neck shaft.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

1 is a schematic diagram of the interior of a first embodiment of the invention; FIG. 2 is a detailed view of the gears and coupling members of the device of FIG. 1; and FIG. 3 is a diagram of the interior of another embodiment of the invention. A schematic diagram of FIG.
It is a drawing showing the position of each gear and the operating shaft of the device shown in the figure. DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1... Cutting device, 2... Frame fixing 15 part, 3... Cutting blade, 4... Electric motor, 5-8.
・Fist/gear, 9.19.9', 19'-...first eccentric, 10...war-second eccentric, 14...Φ first shaft, 15...Φ-operating rod, 16...Φ2nd shaft, 3111...O frame movable part.

Claims (6)

[Claims] (1) A method of cutting a member or material by a cutting mechanism of the type of a saw blade (3,700), which comprises: Cutting another flexible member or material in a type that transmits a first periodic motion and, on the other hand, transmits a vibrational motion with a period smaller than the period of the first periodic motion, and combines the two movements. A method characterized in that said vibrational movement is transmitted in the cutting direction of said first periodic movement in order to cut relatively hard parts or materials instead of cutting. (2) To the saw blade (3), on the one hand, it transmits a reciprocating linear motion of relatively low speed and relatively large amplitude in the direction of the predetermined cutting axis (25), and on the other hand, it transmits a reciprocating linear motion of relatively large amplitude in the direction of the predetermined cutting axis (25); 25) A method of describing an oscillatory motion term about a series of positions occupied by the saw blade (3) during a reciprocating linear motion, directed in the direction of 25), at a higher speed and with a smaller amplitude than said linear motion. (3) To the saw blade (700), on the one hand, it transmits a relatively low-speed rotational motion around a predetermined fixed axis (40) and in one direction, and on the other hand, it transmits a relatively low-speed rotational motion in the above-mentioned direction and in the above-mentioned direction. The saw blade (700
2. A method according to claim 1, characterized in that an oscillatory movement is effected around a series of positions occupied by .). (4) A cutting device in the form of a salvage saw for carrying out the method according to claim 1 or 2,
A frame comprising a fixed part (2) and a movable part (31), and said fixed part (31) of the frame via drive means extending within the frame and coupled to said movable part (31)
2) The operating rod (
a cutting blade (3) connected to said fixed part (15) of the frame, said means being attached to said first shaft (14) and said rotary operating electric motor (4) of said first shaft (14); 2) with at least one first eccentric (9, 19; 9', 19') rotatably connected to the second
a gear train (8, 6, 7, 5) forming a means for transmitting the rotational motion to the shaft (16);
16) is mechanically coupled to the rod (15) so as to cause the rod (15) to perform the reciprocating linear motion in the axial direction at a relatively low speed and with a relatively large amplitude, and is connected to the first shaft (14). a second eccentric which is fixed and mechanically coupled to said rod (15) to cause said rod (15) to undergo a second oscillatory movement directed in the same axis (25) during said reciprocating linear movement in an axial direction; (10) A device characterized by having the following. (5) A cutting device of the circular saw type for carrying out the method according to claim 1 or 3, in which a frame (200) and a drive means are used to cut along a predetermined cutting direction. a cutting blade (700) provided outside the frame so as to be able to drive it relative to the frame;
A gear train (300, 330, 310, 320, 340, 35) is fixed to the first shaft (420) and forms a means for transmitting rotational motion to the second shaft (400).
0), and in order to drive the blade (700) rotationally around the axis (40), on the one hand, a machine is attached to the second shaft (400), and on the other hand, a machine is attached to the blade (700) at a portion projecting outside the frame (200). a third shaft (430) coupled to the
The third shaft is fixed to the second shaft (400) and is connected between the second shaft and the third shaft (430) to cause the blade to vibrate in the cutting direction during the rotational movement. an eccentric (500) forming a rotatable mechanical connection to the shaft. (6) The third shaft (430) has an eccentric (500
) has the shape of a hawk with two teeth (451, 452), between which the eccentric (
6. Apparatus according to claim 5, characterized in that 500) is rotatably received.